CN112868458A - Regulating and controlling method for planting rock candy orange in peracid soil - Google Patents
Regulating and controlling method for planting rock candy orange in peracid soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil, which comprises the steps of using an alkaline special matching fertilizer; the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and chelated trace elements in different proportions; the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises three fertilizers with different proportions of type I, type II and type III. The method adopts the soil and nutrition regulation technology of planting the crystal sugar orange in the peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer and matrix soil improvement and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core, and performs 12 groups of field-sharing comparative tests and demonstration of a certain area on the crystal sugar orange planted in the peracid soil between 2019 and 2020.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement and planting, and particularly relates to the technical field of a regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil.
Background
Rock sugar orange is one of the favorite fruits of people, is generally planted in south, and soil in south is generally acidic, so that the rock sugar orange cultivation method is very suitable for the planting and growth requirements of the rock sugar orange. However, due to bad weather such as acid rain caused by link pollution caused by industrialization in the early years, the physicochemical properties of the soil can be affected, so that the acid soil is changed into over-acid soil. The normal growth and commodity of the crystal sugar orange are greatly influenced under the condition of the soil peracid.
The orange industry in Yuxi city is rapidly developed in recent years, the planting area of the whole city reaches 34.48 ten thousand mu by 2020, wherein the crystal sugar orange accounts for 30 percent, the wenzhou mandarin orange accounts for 45 percent, the Or 20 percent, other varieties account for 5 percent, and the yield is 56.73 ten thousand tons; the yield reaches 28.25 million yuan, and becomes another bright point for the development of Yuxi plateau special agriculture.
The citrus plants in Yuxi city are basically distributed in mountain areas, the soil in the mountain areas is mostly red (yellow) soil and purple soil, wherein the pH of most of the soil is 5.5-6.5 (from acidic to weakly acidic), but the soil also has strong-acid to extremely strong-acid soil with the pH value of less than 5.0, which accounts for about 25%, and the alkaline to strong-acid soil with the pH value of 7.5-9.0 also accounts for 11.4%. The microbial activity of the peracid soil (the pH is less than 5.0) is reduced, the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the effective states of the soil are low, so that the absorption of the plants on related nutrient elements is influenced, meanwhile, the effectiveness of Fe and Mn elements in the acid soil is greatly improved, the Fe and Mn elements poison the plants, the whole plants grow slowly, the results are fewer or no, and the yield and the quality are seriously influenced. As the fruit growers plant the crystal sugar oranges on the soil by adopting the conventional planting technology, the crystal sugar oranges show that upper leaves are green, yellow and dry, some leaves are brown and speckles, and the leaves are seriously extended to the whole plant, so that the leaves fall off and even the fruit growers are out of production; the root system is underdeveloped and yellow brown, and phloem rot appears seriously.
In order to further promote the healthy and sustainable development of the Yuxi orange industry, the inventor develops systematic experimental research and demonstration application from the aspects of planting soil improvement, nutrition regulation and fertilization and the like in 2016 to the present, summarizes and provides a soil and nutrition regulation and control technology for planting rock sugar orange in peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer, matrix improved soil and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core, and solves the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a regulating and controlling method for planting rock candy orange in peracid (pH 3.5-5.0) soil, aiming at solving the defects of the problems.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil, which comprises the steps of using an alkaline special matched fertilizer; the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and chelated trace elements in different proportions;
the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises three fertilizers with different proportions, namely type I, type II and type III;
the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with different proportions are respectively type I N: P2O5:K2O is 30:8: 8; type II N: P2O5:K2O18: 8: 18; type III N: P2O5:K2O＝8:8:32。
Further, the regulating and controlling method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil comprises the steps of using an alkaline organic fertilizer and an alkaline improvement matrix.
Further, the chelated trace elements provided by the invention are as follows: chelated zinc, chelated copper, water-soluble boron and water-soluble molybdenum.
Further, the alkaline special matched fertilizer I is used for pre-flowering fertilizer; the alkaline special matched fertilizer II is used for a fertilizer for withering flowers and stabilizing fruits, and the alkaline special matched fertilizer III is used for a fertilizer for strengthening fruits and promoting tips.
Further, the pH value of the alkaline organic fertilizer is 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standard of NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer.
Furthermore, the pH value of the alkaline improved substrate is 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standard of YC/T310-2009 tobacco floating seedling substrate.
Further, the use method of the alkaline organic fertilizer and the alkaline improved matrix comprises the following steps: a) before the rock candy orange is planted, after the rock candy orange is beaten in the pond, the rock candy orange is fully and uniformly mixed with pond soil and then is planted; or b) opening a fertilizing ditch near the planted crystal sugar oranges, applying the fertilizing ditch, returning soil, and uniformly mixing the fertilizing ditch with the soil.
Further, the use method of the alkaline organic fertilizer and the alkaline improved matrix comprises the following steps: a) after the rock candy oranges are beaten in a pond before field planting, each plant adopts 3kg to 5kg of alkaline organic fertilizer, 5L to 10L of alkaline improved matrix and 100 g to 500 g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and is fully and uniformly mixed with pond soil and then field planting is carried out; or b) for the fixed planted crystal sugar oranges, fertilizing furrows with the depth of 10-15 cm and the width of 20cm are formed on three sides of the plants, 3-5 kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 5L-10L of alkaline improved matrix are applied to the furrows according to each plant, and then soil is returned to be uniformly mixed with the alkaline improved matrix.
Further, the amount of the chelated zinc is 100-150 mg/kg calculated by Zn; 80-100 mg/kg of chelated copper (Cu), 60-80 mg/kg of water-soluble boron (B), and 0.8-1.2 mg/kg of water-soluble molybdenum (Mo).
Further, the use method of the alkaline special matched fertilizer I type provided by the invention comprises the following steps: for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 200-300 g of the special alkaline pre-flowering formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 300-500 g of pre-flowering alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; performing three-side circular application, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering;
the use method of the alkaline special matched fertilizer II type comprises the following steps: for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-400 g of Xihua stable fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of Xihua steady fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; performing three-side circular application, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering;
for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-500 g of the alkaline special matching fertilizer III is adopted for each plant to promote the young fruit to grow into shoots; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of the alkali special formula fertilizer for strengthening fruit and promoting tip growth is adopted for each plant; applying the fertilizer circularly on three sides, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering.
In the using period of the pre-flowering fertilizer, in order to protect flowers and fruits, the instant boron fertilizer (with the pure boron content of 18%) is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the pre-flowering fertilizer for 2 to 3 times together with the pesticide while preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests.
The method has the beneficial effects that 1) the method fully considers the growth characteristics of the crystal sugar oranges and the physical and chemical properties of the acid soil; the alkaline special matched fertilizer is designed into I type, II type and III type in a breakthrough way; and the regulation and control methods of the three types of alkaline special matched fertilizers on the peracid soil are carefully researched, and finally, the complete use method is established.
2) The three alkaline special matched fertilizers are deeply researched on the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio and the chelated trace elements respectively, and suitable chemical indexes are determined; the chemical index is matched with the biological index of the crystal sugar orange, so that the planting and growth of the crystal sugar orange are promoted;
3) the method adopts the soil and nutrition regulation technology of planting the crystal sugar orange in the peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer and matrix soil improvement and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core, and performs 12 groups of field-sharing comparative tests and demonstration of a certain area on the crystal sugar orange planted in the peracid soil between 2019 and 2020.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the conventional planting method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a representation of roots and leaves of a plant of Citrus aurantium using conventional planting methods;
FIG. 3 is a representation of the roots and leaves of a plant of Citrus reticulata using the present invention;
fig. 4 is a comparison graph of comparison effects before and after the adoption of the technical scheme of the invention in a rock candy orange orchard.
Detailed Description
A regulating method for planting crystal sugar oranges in peracid soil (pH 3.5-5.0) is provided.
1. Soil conditioning technology
1) Peracid soil conditioning material: for peracid soil with the soil pH of 3.5-5.0, an alkaline organic fertilizer is adopted, the pH is 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standard of NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer;
the alkaline improved matrix has the pH value of 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standard of YC/T310-.
2) The using method comprises the following steps: after a pond is beaten before fixed planting of the crystal sugar oranges, each plant is fully and uniformly mixed with pond soil and then fixed planting by adopting 3-5 kg of alkaline organic fertilizer, 5-10L of alkaline improved matrix and 100-500 g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; for the fixed planting of the crystal sugar oranges, fertilizing furrows with the depth of 10-15 cm and the width of 20cm are formed on three sides of a plant, 3-5 kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 5-10L of alkaline improved matrix are applied to the furrows according to each plant, and then soil is returned to be uniformly mixed with the alkaline improved matrix.
2. Plant nutrition regulation and control technology
1) Alkaline special matching fertilizer for nutrition supply of crystal sugar orange planted in peracid soil
The fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chelated trace elements in different proportions, wherein nitrogen is mainly nitrate nitrogen, and contains chelated zinc (100-150 mg/kg calculated by Zn), chelated copper (80-100 mg/kg calculated by Cu), water-soluble boron (60-80 mg/kg calculated by B) and water-soluble molybdenum (0.8-1.2 mg/kg calculated by Mo).
The alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises: special formula fertilizer (N: P) for presanthesis2O5:K2O30: 8:8), special formula fertilizer for Xihua steady fruit (N: P)2O5:K2O18: 8:18) and fruit strengthening and promotionSpecial formula fertilizer (N: P) for shoots2O5:K2O＝8:8:32)
2) Application method
(1) Fertilizing before flowering:
for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 200-300 g of pre-flowering alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted for each plant2O5:K2O＝30:8:8)；
For crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 300-500 g of pre-flowering alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted by each plant2O5:K2O＝30:8:8)；
Performing three-side circular application, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering;
when the pesticide is used for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, the instant boron fertilizer (with the pure boron content of 18%) is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the leaves for 2 to 3 times together with the pesticide.
(2) Withering flowers and stabilizing fruits fertilizer:
for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-400 g of Xihua steady fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted by each plant2O5:K2O＝18:8:18)；
For crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of Xihua steady fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted by each plant2O5:K2O＝18:8:18)；
Applying the fertilizer circularly on three sides, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering.
(3) Fruit strengthening and tip promoting fertilizer:
for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-500 g of strong fruit tip-promoting alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted by each plant2O5:K2O＝8:8:32)；
For crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of strong fruit tip-promoting alkaline special formula fertilizer (N: P) is adopted by each plant2O5:K2O＝8:8:32)；
Applying the fertilizer circularly on three sides, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering.
Application effects
By adopting the soil and nutrition regulation and control technology for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer and matrix improved soil and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core, 12 groups of same-field comparison tests and demonstration of a certain area are carried out on the crystal sugar orange planted in the peracid soil from 2019 to 2020.
1. The test adopts a soil and nutrition regulation and control technology for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer and matrix improved soil and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core, and compared with the conventional planting method, the method comprises the following steps:
1) the rock candy orange plant adopting the peracid soil to plant the rock candy orange and the nutrition regulation technology has luxurious branches and leaves, green leaves, normal growth and developed root system; in the crystal sugar orange plants adopting the conventional planting method, upper leaves are greenish, yellow and dry, some leaves are brown and speckles, and the leaves are seriously expanded to the whole plants, so that the leaves fall off and even the plants are dead; the root system is not developed and is yellow brown, phloem rot (see fig. 1-4) is serious, and the like.
FIG. 1: permanent planting in 2016, and shooting 10 and 16 days in 2020.
The left picture is the growth phase of a crystal sugar orange plant by a conventional planting method: the plant grows abnormally, and the upper leaves are greenish and yellow; the right picture is the growth phase of the plant of the crystal sugar orange adopting the technical scheme of the invention: the plant grows normally. Green leaves with more results.
FIG. 2: the image is taken on 1 month in 2017 and on 23 months in 2020.
The left picture is the growth phase of the root system of the crystal sugar orange plant by the conventional planting method: underdeveloped root system, necrosis of root tip and decay of phloem of root system;
the right picture is the growth phase of the root system of the crystal sugar orange adopting the technical scheme of the invention: the root growth is recovered to normal, and the growth point of the fibrous root tip is obviously visible.
FIG. 3: setting the value for 1 month in 2017 and shooting at 23 months 4 in 2020
The left picture is the growth phase of the upper leaves of a crystal sugar orange plant by a conventional planting method: the leaves are green, yellow and dry.
The right picture is the long phase of the upper leaves of the crystal sugar orange adopting the technical scheme of the invention: flourishing branches and leaves, green leaves and normal growth.
FIG. 4: the permanent planting was performed in 2016, 9 and 30 in 2018 and 4 and 23 in 2020.
The fixed value of the rock candy orange orchard in the left picture is nearly three years, but the growth of the rock candy orange plants is slow, the upper leaves are green, yellow and dry, and planting farmers plan to dig out all the plants and fix the value again.
The right picture is the same position as the left picture, and the crystal sugar orange plant growth phase at the position is obtained after the technical scheme is implemented during the period from 1 month to 2020 in 2019: normal growth, luxuriant branches and leaves and green leaves.
2) The soil for planting the crystal sugar oranges by adopting the peracid soil and the crystal sugar orange plants adopting the nutrition regulation technology have the advantages that the number of fruits per plant, the fruit diameter, the fruit weight, the plant yield and the sugar degree are all remarkably improved compared with those of the conventional planting method (see tables 1 to 3). Wherein, (1) the rock candy oranges planted in 2015 year have an average single-plant fruiting number of 153.4, a single-plant yield of 28.4 kg and a sugar degree of 11.2% after soil and nutrition regulation and control technology for planting the rock candy oranges in 2019 year by adopting peracid soil, and the control of the conventional planting method is only 20.9, 4.3 kg and 10.5% respectively, and the former is respectively increased by 634.0%, 560.5% and 6.7% compared with the latter (see table 1).
Table 1 comparison of soil and nutrient control effects of rock candy orange planted in peracid soil 2015 permanent planting (5 groups average)
| Item | Number of fruits per plant | Fruit diameter (mm) | Weight of single fruit (g) | Yield per plant (kg) | Sugar degree (Brix%) |
| Crystal sugar orange regulation and control technology (A) | 153.4±30.1 | 69.2±0.7 | 185.4±5.4 | 28.4±5.1 | 11.2±0.2 |
| Conventional planting method (B) | 20.9±4.4 | 62.4±1.4 | 136.6±10.3 | 4.3±3.7 | 10.5±0.2 |
| A to B + -quantity | 132.5 | 6.8 | 48.8 | 24.1 | 0.7 |
| A is more than B ±%) | 634.0 | 10.9 | 35.7 | 560.5 | 6.7 |
| t value | 14.034** | 17.837** | 17.835** | 18.746** | 22.513** |
Note: arranging 5 strains in each treatment experiment, performing t test analysis by taking a group as a unit, and using a star in a t value column as a very significant mark, wherein the following steps are carried out; t is t0.05,4＝2.776；t0.01,4＝4.604。
(2) After the rock candy oranges planted in 2016 are planted in peracid soil in 2019 by a soil and nutrition regulation technology, the average number of single-plant results is 62.7, the single-plant yield is 10.2 kg, and the sugar degree is 10.8%, while the comparison results of the conventional planting method are only 5.3, 0.6 kg and 10.1%, respectively, and the former is respectively improved by 1083.0%, 1600.0% and 6.9% compared with the latter (see table 2).
TABLE 2 comparison of soil and nutrient control effects of rock candy orange planted in peracid soil 2016 set planting (4 groups average)
| Item | Number of fruits per plant | Fruit diameter (mm) | Weight of single fruit (g) | Yield per plant (kg) | Sugar degree (Brix%) |
| Crystal sugar orange regulation and control technology (A) | 62.7±11.8 | 65.8±1.6 | 161.3±11.4 | 10.2±2.4 | 10.8±0.1 |
| Conventional planting method (B) | 5.3±1.8 | 59.3±0.9 | 114.7±6.3 | 0.6±0.3 | 10.1±0.1 |
| A to B + -quantity | 57.4 | 6.5 | 46.6 | 9.6 | 0.7 |
| A is more than B ±%) | 1083.0 | 11.0 | 40.6 | 1600.0 | 6.9 |
| t value | 16.519** | 18.163** | 18.163** | 13.721** | 15.119** |
Note: t is t0.05,3＝3.182；t0.01,3＝5.841。
(3) After the rock candy oranges planted in 2017 are planted in peracid soil in 2020 and the nutrition regulation and control technology, the average number of single-plant fruits is 57.2, the single-plant yield is 9.7 kg, and the sugar degree is 11.4%, while the comparison of the conventional planting method is only 6.9, 0.8 kg and 10.7%, respectively, and the former is respectively improved by 729.0%, 1112.5% and 6.5% compared with the latter (see table 3).
Table 3 soil and nutrient control effect comparison 2017 permanent planting of rock candy orange planted in peracid soil (3 groups average)
Note: t is t0.05,2＝4.303；t0.01,2＝5.925。
2. 814 mu demonstration results show that the soil and nutrition regulation and control technology for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil with 'alkaline organic fertilizer and matrix improved soil and alkaline matched special fertilizer' as the core is adopted, compared with a non-demonstration area, the average single-plant yield is increased by 6.5-29.3 kg, the yield increase amplitude is 215.4-1563.5%, and the effect is obvious.
The above description is only a part of specific embodiments of the present invention (since the embodiments of the present invention are not exhaustive, the scope of the present invention is defined by the description scope of the present invention and other technical points), and the detailed contents or common general knowledge known in the schemes are not described herein too much. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation for those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A regulating method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil is characterized in that the regulating method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil comprises the steps of using an alkaline special matching fertilizer;
the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and chelated trace elements in different proportions;
the alkaline special matched fertilizer comprises three fertilizers with different proportions, namely type I, type II and type III;
the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with different proportions are respectively type I N: P2O5:K2O is 30:8: 8; type II N: P2O5:K2O18: 8: 18; type III N: P2O5:K2O＝8:8:32。
2. The method for regulating crystal sugar orange planting in peracid soil according to claim 1, wherein the method for regulating crystal sugar orange planting in peracid soil comprises using an alkaline organic fertilizer and an alkaline improving matrix.
3. The method for regulating and controlling crystal sugar orange planting in peracid soil according to claim 1, wherein the chelated trace elements are: chelated zinc, chelated copper, water-soluble boron and water-soluble molybdenum.
4. The conditioning method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline special matching fertilizer type I is used for pre-flowering fertilizer; the alkaline special matched fertilizer II is used for a fertilizer for withering flowers and stabilizing fruits, and the alkaline special matched fertilizer III is used for a fertilizer for strengthening fruits and promoting tips.
5. The regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil according to claim 2, wherein the pH value of the alkaline organic fertilizer is 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standards of NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer.
6. The regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil according to claim 2, wherein the pH value of the alkaline improvement matrix is 7.5-8.5, and other indexes meet the technical standard of YC/T310-2009 tobacco floating seedling matrix.
7. The regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil according to claim 2, wherein the application method of the alkaline organic fertilizer and the alkaline improvement matrix comprises the following steps: a) before the rock candy orange is planted, after the rock candy orange is beaten in the pond, the rock candy orange is fully and uniformly mixed with pond soil and then is planted; or b) opening a fertilizing ditch near the planted crystal sugar oranges, applying the fertilizing ditch, returning soil, and uniformly mixing the fertilizing ditch with the soil.
8. The regulation and control method for planting crystal sugar orange in peracid soil according to claim 7, wherein the application method of the alkaline organic fertilizer and the alkaline improvement matrix comprises the following steps: a) after the rock candy oranges are beaten in a pond before field planting, each plant adopts 3kg to 5kg of alkaline organic fertilizer, 5L to 10L of alkaline improved matrix and 100 g to 500 g of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and is fully and uniformly mixed with pond soil and then field planting is carried out; or b) for the fixed planted crystal sugar oranges, fertilizing furrows with the depth of 10-15 cm and the width of 20cm are formed on three sides of the plants, 3-5 kg of alkaline organic fertilizer and 5L-10L of alkaline improved matrix are applied to the furrows according to each plant, and then soil is returned to be uniformly mixed with the alkaline improved matrix.
9. The method for regulating and controlling crystal sugar orange planting in peracid soil according to claim 3, wherein the amount of chelated zinc is 100-150 mg/kg in Zn; 80-100 mg/kg of chelated copper (Cu), 60-80 mg/kg of water-soluble boron (B), and 0.8-1.2 mg/kg of water-soluble molybdenum (Mo).
10. The method for regulating and controlling crystal sugar orange planting in peracid soil according to claim 4, wherein the method for using the alkaline special matching fertilizer type I comprises: for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 200-300 g of the special alkaline pre-flowering formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 300-500 g of pre-flowering alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; performing three-side circular application, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering;
the use method of the alkaline special matched fertilizer II type comprises the following steps: for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-400 g of Xihua stable fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of Xihua steady fruit alkaline special formula fertilizer is adopted for each plant; performing three-side circular application, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering;
for crystal sugar oranges with the age of less than 5 years, 300-500 g of the alkaline special matching fertilizer III is adopted for each plant to promote the young fruit to grow into shoots; for crystal sugar oranges with the age of more than 5 years, 400-600 g of the alkali special formula fertilizer for strengthening fruit and promoting tip growth is adopted for each plant; applying the fertilizer circularly on three sides, covering the surface with fine soil, and watering.
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