CN112844993A - 一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法 - Google Patents

一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法 Download PDF

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CN112844993A
CN112844993A CN201911190014.3A CN201911190014A CN112844993A CN 112844993 A CN112844993 A CN 112844993A CN 201911190014 A CN201911190014 A CN 201911190014A CN 112844993 A CN112844993 A CN 112844993A
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wax
wood
modified polypropylene
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宋魁彦
王旭婷
牛康任
张丹
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Northeast Forestry University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0406Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
    • B05D3/0413Heating with air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/10Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
    • B05D3/104Pretreatment of other substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/36Aliphatic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2320/00Organic additives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2507/00Polyolefins
    • B05D2507/02Polypropylene

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,包括以下步骤:将硬木家具木材在碱性溶液中浸泡处理,用180目和240目砂纸进行粗磨处理,再用400目砂纸进行水磨处理,取适量的改性聚丙烯蜡加热使之熔化,采用电热风枪烘烤木材试样表面,用刷子蘸取液态改性聚丙烯蜡点涂到木材表面,继续加热,蜡均匀布满木材表面,采用电弓加热器对木材表面从室温升温到预定温度烘烤,用干净白布不断擦拭烫蜡用硬木表面,改性聚丙烯蜡蜡完全浸入到木材管孔中,自然降温,用蜡起子铲去表面浮蜡,并用白布揩擦抛光,再用低温烘烤数秒,清除铲痕。本发明通过采用硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡及烫蜡方法,使得烫蜡后的硬木家具表面纹理清晰,耐磨性增强,耐热性提高,且改性聚丙烯蜡具有极性,可与处理后木材产生氢键结合,结合力增强,较为明显的提高了硬木家具性能。

Description

一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法
技术领域
本发明涉及硬木家具加工技术领域,特别涉及一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法。
背景技术
硬木家具因其天然的独特的纹理被广泛应用,在硬木家具表面进行烫蜡是一种较为环保的表面处理方法,凸显木材表面纹理,带给人舒适的视觉感受,越来越受到人们的喜爱。随着资源的减少,红木类名贵木材资源匮乏,榆木、榉木、水曲柳等硬木逐渐占有市场,较为环保的硬木表面处理方法也备受关注。传统的烫蜡工艺中使用的蜡多为蜂蜡和虫蜡,凸显木材表面纹理,具有美观性和保护作用。但是天然蜡与木材几乎无化学结合,且熔点较低,受热容易熔化,破坏木材美观性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,解决了传统烫蜡耐热性差和烫蜡表面结合弱的问题,从一定程度上提高蜡与木材的结合力,增强了烫蜡家具的耐热性和耐磨性,扩宽了烫蜡家具的应用范围。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供的技术方案为:
一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将硬木家具木材在碱性溶液中浸泡30min~60min,进行木材预处理,捞出后气干处理2~3天,直至质量恒重;
(2)依次用180目、240目砂纸对硬木家具表面进行粗磨处理,去除戗茬、起毛等缺陷,用热棉布轻轻地擦拭家具表面,除去木渣、粉尘等杂物;
(3)用400目水砂纸顺着纹理方向,对硬木家具表面进行水磨处理;
(4)取适量的改性聚丙烯蜡加热使之熔化,用蜡量为50~100g/m2
(5)采用电热风枪烘烤木材试样表面,用刷子蘸取液态改性聚丙烯蜡点涂到木材表面,继续用电热风枪加热,使蜡均匀布满木材表面;
(6)采用电弓加热器对木材表面从室温升温到预定温度烘烤,预定烘烤温度为160~260℃,烘烤时间为1min~3min,用绑在小木块上的干净白布不断擦拭烫蜡用硬木表面,使改性聚丙烯蜡蜡完全浸入到木材管孔中;
(7)自然降温一定时间后,待蜡在家具表面凝固,用蜡起子铲去表面浮蜡,起蜡时间在5~10min,并用白布揩擦抛光,再用低温烘烤数秒,以清除铲痕,烫蜡完成。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中碱性溶液为NaOH溶液,NaOH质量分数为4%~9%,去除木材抽提物,使导管通畅,同时增强木材极性,与蜡产生结合。
进一步地,所述步骤(4)中的改性聚丙烯蜡为马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯蜡,包括如下重量百分含量的各组分:二甲苯溶剂60~80份,聚丙烯蜡15~30份,马来酸酐4~8份,引发剂0.6~1.2份。制备步骤为:四口瓶中加入15~30份聚乙烯蜡和60~80份二甲苯,接通氮气,在油浴锅中加热至聚丙烯蜡溶解,升温至预定温度90~120℃,搅拌速度为300~500r/min,充分搅拌;马来酸酐和过氧化苯甲酰溶于少量二甲苯溶剂中,分三次滴加到四口瓶中;反应时间为1~5h,反应到达预定时间后,采用丙酮抽滤3次;将接枝产物放入真空干燥箱中恒温干燥直至接枝产物质量恒重,得到改性聚丙烯蜡。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
本发明所述的硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,使得烫蜡后的硬木家具表面纹理清晰,耐磨性增强,耐热性提高,且改性聚丙烯蜡具有一定的极性,可与处理后木材产生氢键结合,结合力增强,较为明显的提高了硬木家具性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例
本实施例提供了一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将硬木家具木材在碱性溶液中浸泡30min~60min,进行木材预处理,气干2~3天;
(2)依次用180目、240目砂纸对硬木家具表面进行粗磨处理,去除戗茬、起毛等缺陷;用热棉布轻轻地擦拭家具表面,除去木渣、粉尘等杂物;
(3)用400目水砂纸顺着纹理方向,对硬木家具表面进行水磨处理;
(4)取适量的改性聚丙烯蜡加热使之熔化,用蜡量为50~100g/m2
(5)采用电热风枪烘烤木材试样表面,用刷子蘸取液态改性聚丙烯蜡点涂到木材表面,继续用电热风枪加热,使蜡均匀布满木材表面;
(6)采用电弓加热器对木材表面从室温升温到预定温度烘烤,预定烘烤温度为160~260℃,烘烤时间为1min~3min,用干净白布不断擦拭烫蜡用硬木表面,使改性聚丙烯蜡蜡完全浸入到木材管孔中;
(7)自然降温一定时间后,待蜡在家具表面凝固,用蜡起子铲去表面浮蜡,起蜡时间在5~10min,并用白布揩擦抛光,再用低温烘烤数秒,以清除铲痕,烫蜡完成。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中碱性溶液为NaOH溶液,NaOH质量分数为4%~9%。
进一步地,所述步骤(4)中的改性聚丙烯蜡为马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯蜡,包括如下重量百分含量的各组分:二甲苯溶剂60~80份,聚丙烯蜡15~30份,马来酸酐4~8份,引发剂0.6~1.2份。制备步骤为:四口瓶中加入15~30份聚乙烯蜡和60~80份二甲苯,接通氮气,在油浴锅中加热至聚丙烯蜡溶解,升温至预定温度90~120℃,搅拌速度为300~500r/min,充分搅拌;马来酸酐和过氧化苯甲酰溶于少量二甲苯溶剂中,分三次滴加到四口瓶中;反应时间为1~5h,反应到达预定时间后,采用丙酮抽滤3次;将接枝产物放入真空干燥箱中恒温干燥直至接枝产物质量恒重,得到改性聚丙烯蜡。
综上所述,本发明通过采用硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,使得烫蜡后的硬木家具表面纹理清晰,耐磨性增强,耐热性提高,且改性聚丙烯蜡可与处理后木材产生氢键结合,结合力增强,较为明显的提高了硬木家具性能,使得硬木家具表面形成环保无污染且能够较好保护木材的膜层,有助于减少家具行业中化学涂饰品的使用量,同时保证了硬木家具的使用质量。
以上对本发明的实施方式做了较为详细的说明,但并不局限于上述举例。对于本领域的技术人员而言,在本发明的实质范围内,对实施方式进行多种变化、修改及替换和调整,都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种硬木家具用改性聚丙烯蜡烫蜡方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将硬木家具木材在碱性溶液中浸泡30min~60min,进行木材预处理,气干2~3天,直至木材质量恒重;
(2)用180目、240目砂纸对硬木家具表面进行粗磨处理,去除戗茬、起毛等缺陷,用热棉布轻轻地擦拭家具表面,除去木渣、粉尘等杂物;
(3)用400目砂纸,顺着纹理方向,对硬木家具表面进行水磨处理;
(4)取适量的改性聚丙烯蜡加热使之熔化,用蜡量为50~100g/m2
(5)采用电热风枪烘烤木材试样表面,用刷子蘸取液态改性聚丙烯蜡点涂到木材表面,继续用电热风枪加热,蜡均匀布满木材表面;
(6)采用电弓加热器对木材表面从室温升温到预定温度烘烤,预定烘烤温度为160~260℃,烘烤时间为1min~3min,用干净白布不断擦拭烫蜡用硬木表面,改性聚丙烯蜡蜡完全浸入到木材管孔中;
(7)自然降温一定时间后,待蜡在家具表面凝固,用蜡起子铲去表面浮蜡,起蜡时间在5~10min,并用白布揩擦抛光,再用低温烘烤数秒,清除铲痕。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种硬木家具用蜡烫蜡方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中碱性溶液为NaOH溶液,NaOH质量分数为4%~9%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种硬木家具用蜡烫蜡方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中的改性聚丙烯蜡为马来酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯蜡,包括如下重量百分含量的各组分:二甲苯溶剂60~80份,聚丙烯蜡15~30份,马来酸酐4~8份,引发剂0.6~1.2份,制备步骤为:四口瓶中加入15~30份聚乙烯蜡和60~80份二甲苯,接通氮气,在油浴锅中加热至聚丙烯蜡溶解,升温至预定温度90~120℃,搅拌速度为300~500r/min,充分搅拌;马来酸酐和过氧化苯甲酰溶于少量二甲苯溶剂中,分三次滴加到四口瓶中;反应时间为1~5h,反应到达预定时间后,采用丙酮抽滤3次;将接枝产物放入真空干燥箱中恒温干燥直至接枝产物质量恒重,得到改性聚丙烯蜡。
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