CN112825802A - Crab seedling cultivation method with plateau characteristics - Google Patents
Crab seedling cultivation method with plateau characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a crab seed cultivation method with plateau characteristics, which comprises the following steps: selecting a culture pond, namely selecting a rectangular shape with the east-west direction and the average water depth of 0.8-1.2cm, wherein the area of the pond is between 10 and 15 mu, the bottom of the pond is flat, the sludge is less, water is convenient to enter and drain, and the required water resource is sufficient, so that a water source meeting the national culture water standard is used as a main water source point of the pond; obtaining a selected pond; according to the crab seedling breeding method with plateau characteristics, by adopting an ecological healthy breeding mode, surrounding the arrangement of variety selection, aquatic plant selection, escape prevention and bird prevention facilities, the stocking time of crabs, the addition of oxygen increasing equipment and configuration, the bred crabs are slightly small, but have good quality, and are complete in color, aroma and taste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a crab seedling cultivation method with plateau characteristics.
Background
The crabs are one of common foods in life, are popular with people in the market, are generally called Chinese mitten crabs and are also commonly named hairy crabs, are small-sized crab species mainly growing in the regions from Korean peninsula to China Fujian coastal estuaries, are staple food of China, contain more vitamin A, are helpful for skin keratosis, can supplement calcium for rickets of children and osteoporosis of old people, have single breeding structure in plateau regions, have low breeding benefit, meet the needs of improving aquatic variety structures, meet the multi-level needs of the masses, have uneven production and different physique sizes due to higher altitude and relatively cold plateau ponds in climate and breed crab seedlings according to the traditional method, have poor survival rate, greatly reduce economic benefit, therefore, a crab fry breeding method with plateau characteristics is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a crab fry breeding method with plateau characteristics, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a crab seed cultivation method with plateau characteristics comprises the following steps:
selecting a culture pond, namely selecting a rectangular shape with the east-west direction and the average water depth of 0.8-1.2cm, wherein the area of the pond is between 10 and 15 mu, the bottom of the pond is flat, sludge is less, water is convenient to enter and drain, and the required water resource is sufficient, so that a water source meeting the national culture water standard is used as a main water source point of the pond; obtaining a selected pond;
step two, performing aquatic weed planting on the selected pond, firstly selecting aquatic weeds, namely combining submerged plants and emerging plants, then planting the aquatic weeds in the optimal planting time, planting the aquatic weeds in different modes according to the characteristics of different plants, reserving blank zones with the width of 2-3 m around the pond, wherein the planting area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 40% of the area of the pond, and putting snails into the pond after the aquatic weeds are planted, wherein the snails are put in the pond in an amount of about 200 plus materials per mu to obtain a cultivation pond;
step three, erecting escape-proof facilities on the obtained cultivation pond, surrounding a water inlet and a water outlet of the pond by using iron wire nets with the calibers smaller than 1cm, simultaneously distributing 3m long timber piles around the pond, and fixing the timber piles on the timber piles through the wire nets, wherein fixing piles must be fixed at the outer opening of the pond to prevent river crabs from escaping; obtaining a pond with an anti-escape facility;
step four, the obtained pond with the anti-escape facilities erected is arranged, sludge, sundries and the like in the pond are removed, then the pond is cleaned by quicklime, the amount of the quicklime is 120 kg/mu, the quicklime is used for dissolving water and then splashing the water in the whole pond, and if the pH value of the water is lower, the amount of the quicklime can be increased to 150 kg/mu, and after 7-10 days; obtaining a finished pond;
fifthly, adding an oxygen facility to the pond after finishing; firstly, arranging a hose with a plurality of air outlets at the bottom and the wall of the pond, then connecting the hose with an aerator through the hose, and filling oxygen into the pond through the aerator and the hose to obtain a pond suitable for a growing environment;
step six, putting the crab seedlings in the pond suitable for the growth environment, firstly selecting the crab seedlings with good quality, sterilizing and disinfecting before putting, soaking the crab seedlings in 5% saline water for 3-5min, then selecting the optimal crab putting time, putting the crab seedlings with the size specification of 12-15 g/crab seedlings, putting 800 crab seedlings in each mu, and fixing the upside of the pond with a wooden pile through a wire mesh with a larger area after putting, thereby effectively preventing the feeding of the bird by stealing and obtaining the pond after putting the crab seedlings;
feeding the protected crab pond, wherein the feeding of the river crabs follows the principle of 'front essence, middle coarse essence and rear essence', animal protein is mainly used in the early stage, plant protein is mainly used in the middle stage, animal protein is mainly used in the later stage, scientific bait feeding is adopted, 1 time is respectively fed in the morning and evening every day from the first week to the sixth week, animal feed is fed, the feeding amount is 8-10% of the weight of the crabs, the crabs are fed regularly in the morning and at the night every day after being put in the ground for seven weeks, and the daily feeding rate accounts for 5-10% of the total weight of the crabs, so that the fed crab pond is obtained;
step eight, controlling the water quality of the obtained crab pond, firstly, injecting water into the pond for replacing once every 8-10 days, wherein the pH value is 6.5-8, secondly, regularly starting oxygenation equipment for 2 hours every day, and replacing water by adopting a mode of firstly discharging water and then injecting water, wherein the water is replaced by 20-30cm each time; applying quicklime for adjusting water once every half month, and spraying 12-13kg of quicklime for each mu every time to obtain a disease-free crab pond;
step nine, fishing the crabs in the obtained disease-free crab pond, capturing the crabs in the pond when the average weight of the crabs in the pond reaches about 150g-180g within 9-11 months, and capturing the crabs by using methods of stream net capturing, crab cage capturing, mesh bag capturing or clear pond capturing, so that the method for cultivating the crab seedlings with plateau characteristics can be completed, and finally the crabs with better quality can be obtained.
Preferably, in the second step, the submerged plants are selected from the group consisting of waterweed, hydrilla verticillata and hay, and the emergent aquatic plants are selected from the group consisting of reed rice.
Preferably, the planting modes of the waterweed, the hydrilla verticillata, the hay and the reed rice in the second step are as follows: the waterweed is directly planted with mud at the middle root, the hydrilla verticillata and the hay are sown after seed germination acceleration, and the reed rice is planted as the local conventional rice.
Preferably, the optimal time of the crab seedlings in the sixth step is 3 to 4 last ten days of the month.
Preferably, the animal feed in the seventh step comprises small trash fish, small shrimps, clam meat, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal, insect larvae and tubificidae, and the plant feed comprises tender grass, sweet potato, pumpkin, bean dregs, wheat bran and rice bran.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the crab seedling cultivation method with plateau characteristics, the oxygen equipment is added, so that the crab growth environment is more suitable, the growth of the crabs is better promoted in the relatively thin water quality through water quality management, the mutual cooperation of escape-preventing, bird-preventing and oxygen-increasing facilities is increased through a scientific feeding mode and an ecological health cultivation mode, so that the survival rate of the crabs cultivated by the method with plateau characteristics is greatly improved, the yield of the crabs is increased, the overall size of the produced crabs is uniform, the physique of the cultivated crabs is good, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
During cultivation, a pond for cultivation is selected, the pond is rectangular in east-west direction and with the area of 10 mu, the average water depth reaches 0.8cm, the bottom is flat, sludge is less, water is convenient to enter and drain, and the required water resource is sufficient, so that a water source meeting the national cultivation water standard is used as a main water source point of the pond; obtaining a selected pond; carrying out water grass planting on the selected pond, firstly, selecting water grass, namely combining submerged plants and emergent plants, selecting elodea nuttallii, hydrilla verticillata and hay from the submerged plants, selecting reed rice from the emergent plants, then, planting the reed rice in the optimal planting time, carrying out planting in different modes according to the characteristics of different plants, directly planting the elodea nuttallii with mud at the middle root part, sowing and planting the hydrilla verticillata and the hay after seed germination acceleration, planting the reed rice as same as local conventional rice, reserving blank belts with the width of 2m around the pond, ensuring that the planting area of the water grass is not more than 40% of the area of the pond, starting throwing snails after the water grass is planted, and throwing the snails in the pond with the weight of about 200kg per mu to obtain a cultivation pond; erecting escape-proof facilities on the obtained cultivation pond, surrounding a water inlet and a water outlet of the pond by using iron wires with the caliber smaller than 1cm, simultaneously distributing 3m long timber piles around the pond, and then fixing the timber piles on the timber piles through a wire mesh, wherein fixing piles must be fixed at the outer opening of the pond to prevent river crabs from escaping; obtaining a pond with an anti-escape facility; the obtained pond with the anti-escape facilities is arranged, sludge, sundries and the like in the pond are removed, then the pond is cleaned by quicklime, the amount of the quicklime is 120 kg/mu, the quicklime is splashed in the whole pond after being dissolved with water, and if the pH value of the water is lower, the amount of the quicklime can be increased to 150 kg/mu, and 7 days later; obtaining a finished pond; adding an oxygen facility to the pond after finishing; firstly, arranging a hose with a plurality of air outlets at the bottom and the wall of the pond, then connecting the hose with an aerator through the hose, and filling oxygen into the pond through the aerator and the hose to obtain a pond suitable for a growing environment; putting the crab seedlings in the pond suitable for the growth environment, firstly selecting high-quality seedlings for the crab seedlings, sterilizing and disinfecting the seedlings before putting the crab seedlings, soaking the crab seedlings in 5% saline water for 3min, then selecting the optimal crab putting time, wherein the optimal crab putting time is 3 to 4 months from the middle ten days to the last ten days, putting the seedlings with the size specification of 12 g/per unit, putting 500 seedlings per mu, and fixing the upper part of the pond by a wire mesh with a large area with a wooden pile after putting the seedlings, so that the larval eating is effectively prevented, and the pond after putting the crab seedlings is obtained; feeding the protected crab in the pond, wherein the feeding of river crabs follows the principle of 'front concentrate, middle-coarse and rear concentrate', the first stage mainly comprises animal protein, the middle stage mainly comprises plant protein, the later stage mainly comprises animal protein, the animal feed comprises small trash fish, shrimps, clam meat, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal, insect larvae and tubificidae, the plant feed comprises tender grass, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, bean dregs, wheat bran and rice bran, the scientific bait feeding is adopted, the feeding is respectively carried out for 1 time in the morning and evening every day from the first week to the sixth week, the feeding amount is 9% of the weight of the crab, the feeding is carried out at fixed time in the morning and evening every day after the crabs are put into the pond for seven weeks, the daily feeding rate accounts for 8% of the total weight of the crabs, and the fed crab pond is obtained; controlling the water quality of the obtained crab pond, namely firstly, injecting water into the pond for replacing the water once in 8 days, wherein the pH value of the water is 7.1, secondly, regularly starting oxygenation equipment for 2 hours every day, and replacing the water by adopting a mode of firstly discharging water and then injecting water, wherein the water is replaced by 20cm each time; applying quicklime for water adjustment once every half month, and spraying 12kg of quicklime for each mu every time to obtain a disease-free crab pond; fishing the crabs in the obtained disease-free crab pond, capturing the crabs in the pond when the average weight of the crabs in the pond reaches about 150gg within 9-11 months, and capturing the crabs by using methods of stream net capturing, crab cage capturing, mesh bag capturing or pond clearing capturing, so that the method for breeding the crab seedlings with plateau characteristics can be completed;
through tests, the crabs bred in 25 days in 3 months are bred to 30 days in 11 months and then fished out, the total crab yield in a pond of 10 mu is 600kg, the average yield per mu is 60kg, the maximum individual crab yield is 250g, the minimum individual crab yield is 80g, and the average individual weight is 130 g.
Example 2
During cultivation, a pond for cultivation is selected, the pond is rectangular in east-west direction and with the area of 12.5 mu, the average water depth reaches 1cm, the bottom is flat, sludge is less, water is convenient to enter and drain, and the required water resource is sufficient, so that a water source meeting the national cultivation water standard is used as a main water source point of the pond; obtaining a selected pond; carrying out aquatic weed planting on the selected pond, firstly, selecting aquatic weeds, namely combining submerged plants and emergent plants, selecting elodea nuttallii, hydrilla verticillata and hay from the submerged plants, selecting reed rice from the emergent plants, then, planting the reed rice in the optimal planting time, carrying out planting in different modes according to the characteristics of different plants, directly planting elodea nuttallii with mud at the middle root part, sowing and planting the hydrilla verticillata and the hay after seed germination acceleration, planting the reed rice as same as local conventional rice, reserving a blank zone with the width of 2.5m around the pond, ensuring that the planting area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 40% of the area of the pond, starting throwing snails after the aquatic weeds are planted, and throwing about 260kg per mu to obtain a cultivation pond; erecting escape-proof facilities on the obtained cultivation pond, surrounding a water inlet and a water outlet of the pond by using iron wires with the caliber smaller than 1cm, simultaneously distributing 3m long timber piles around the pond, and then fixing the timber piles on the timber piles through a wire mesh, wherein fixing piles must be fixed at the outer opening of the pond to prevent river crabs from escaping; obtaining a pond with an anti-escape facility; the obtained pond with the anti-escape facilities is arranged, sludge, sundries and the like in the pond are removed, then the pond is cleaned by quicklime, the amount of the quicklime is 120 kg/mu, the quicklime is splashed in the whole pond after being dissolved with water, and the amount of the quicklime can be increased to 150 kg/mu if the pH value of the water is lower, and the time is 8 days later; obtaining a finished pond; adding an oxygen facility to the pond after finishing; firstly, arranging a hose with a plurality of air outlets at the bottom and the wall of the pond, then connecting the hose with an aerator through the hose, and filling oxygen into the pond through the aerator and the hose to obtain a pond suitable for a growing environment; putting the crab seedlings in the pond suitable for the growth environment, firstly selecting high-quality seedlings for the crab seedlings, sterilizing and disinfecting the seedlings before putting the crab seedlings, soaking the crab seedlings in 5% saline water for 4min, then selecting the optimal crab putting time, wherein the optimal crab putting time is 3 to 4 months, the size specification of the seedlings is 13 g/per seedling, the number of the seedlings put in each mu is 600, and after putting, fixing the upper part of the pond with a wooden pile through a wire mesh with a large area, thereby effectively preventing the feeding of flying birds and obtaining the pond after putting the crab seedlings; feeding the protected crab in the pond, wherein the feeding of river crabs follows the principle of 'front concentrate, middle-coarse and rear concentrate', the first stage mainly comprises animal protein, the middle stage mainly comprises plant protein, the later stage mainly comprises animal protein, the animal feed comprises small trash fish, shrimps, clam meat, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal, insect larvae and tubificidae, the plant feed comprises tender grass, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, bean dregs, wheat bran and rice bran, the scientific bait feeding is adopted, the feeding is respectively carried out for 1 time in the morning and evening every day from the first week to the sixth week, the feeding amount is 10% of the weight of the crab, the feeding is carried out at fixed time in the morning and evening every day after the crabs are put into the pond for seven weeks, and the daily feeding rate accounts for 10% of the total weight of the crabs, so as to obtain the crab pond after the feeding; controlling the water quality of the crab pond after the crab is raised, firstly, injecting water into the pond for replacing the water once in 10 days, wherein the pH value of the water is 8, secondly, regularly starting oxygenation equipment for 2 hours every day, and replacing the water by adopting a mode of firstly discharging the water and then injecting the water, wherein the water replacement is 24cm each time; applying quicklime for water adjustment once every half month, and spraying 13kg of quicklime for each mu every time to obtain a disease-free crab pond; fishing the crabs in the obtained disease-free crab pond, capturing the crabs in the pond when the average weight of the crabs in the pond reaches about 155g in 9-11 months, and capturing the crabs by using methods of stream net capturing, crab cage capturing, mesh bag capturing or pond clearing capturing, so that the method for breeding the crab seedlings with plateau characteristics can be completed;
through tests, the crabs bred in 25 days in 3 months are bred to 30 days in 11 months and then fished out, the total crab yield in the pond of 15 mu is 1050kg, the average yield per mu is 75kg, the maximum individual crab yield is 240g, the minimum individual crab yield is 75g, and the average individual weight is 135 g.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A crab fry breeding method with plateau characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a culture pond, namely selecting a rectangular shape with the east-west direction and the average water depth of 0.8-1.2cm, wherein the area of the pond is between 10 and 15 mu, the bottom of the pond is flat, sludge is less, water is convenient to enter and drain, and the required water resource is sufficient, so that a water source meeting the national culture water standard is used as a main water source point of the pond; obtaining a selected pond;
step two, performing aquatic weed planting on the selected pond, firstly selecting aquatic weeds, namely combining submerged plants and emerging plants, then planting the aquatic weeds in the optimal planting time, planting the aquatic weeds in different modes according to the characteristics of different plants, reserving blank zones with the width of 2-3 m around the pond, wherein the planting area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 40% of the area of the pond, and putting snails into the pond after the aquatic weeds are planted, wherein the snails are put in the pond in an amount of about 200 plus materials per mu to obtain a cultivation pond;
step three, erecting escape-proof facilities on the obtained cultivation pond, surrounding a water inlet and a water outlet of the pond by using iron wire nets with the calibers smaller than 1cm, simultaneously distributing 3m long timber piles around the pond, and fixing the timber piles on the timber piles through the wire nets, wherein fixing piles must be fixed at the outer opening of the pond to prevent river crabs from escaping; obtaining a pond with an anti-escape facility;
step four, the obtained pond with the anti-escape facilities erected is arranged, sludge, sundries and the like in the pond are removed, then the pond is cleaned by quicklime, the amount of the quicklime is 120 kg/mu, the quicklime is used for dissolving water and then splashing the water in the whole pond, and if the pH value of the water is lower, the amount of the quicklime can be increased to 150 kg/mu, and after 7-10 days; obtaining a finished pond;
fifthly, adding an oxygen facility to the pond after finishing; firstly, arranging a hose with a plurality of air outlets at the bottom and the wall of the pond, then connecting the hose with an aerator through the hose, and filling oxygen into the pond through the aerator and the hose to obtain a pond suitable for a growing environment;
step six, putting the crab seedlings in the pond suitable for the growth environment, firstly selecting the crab seedlings with good quality, sterilizing and disinfecting before putting, soaking the crab seedlings in 5% saline water for 3-5min, then selecting the optimal crab putting time, putting the crab seedlings with the size specification of 12-15 g/crab seedlings, putting 800 crab seedlings in each mu, and fixing the upside of the pond with a wooden pile through a wire mesh with a larger area after putting, thereby effectively preventing the feeding of the bird by stealing and obtaining the pond after putting the crab seedlings;
feeding the protected crab pond, wherein the feeding of the river crabs follows the principle of 'front essence, middle coarse essence and rear essence', animal protein is mainly used in the early stage, plant protein is mainly used in the middle stage, animal protein is mainly used in the later stage, scientific bait feeding is adopted, 1 time is respectively fed in the morning and evening every day from the first week to the sixth week, animal feed is fed, the feeding amount is 8-10% of the weight of the crabs, the crabs are fed regularly in the morning and at the night every day after being put in the ground for seven weeks, and the daily feeding rate accounts for 5-10% of the total weight of the crabs, so that the fed crab pond is obtained;
step eight, controlling the water quality of the obtained crab pond, firstly, injecting water into the pond for replacing once every 8-10 days, wherein the pH value is 6.5-8, secondly, regularly starting oxygenation equipment for 2 hours every day, and replacing water by adopting a mode of firstly discharging water and then injecting water, wherein the water is replaced by 20-30cm each time; applying quicklime for adjusting water once every half month, and spraying 12-13kg of quicklime for each mu every time to obtain a disease-free crab pond;
step nine, fishing the crabs in the disease-free crab pond within 9-11 months
The crab seeds can be captured when the average weight of the crabs in the pond reaches about 150g-180g, and the crab seeds can be captured by using methods of stream net capture, crab cage capture, mesh bag capture or pond clearing capture, so that the crab seed cultivation method with plateau characteristics can be completed, and the crabs with better quality can be finally obtained.
2. The crab fry breeding method with plateau features as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the submerged plants are selected from the elodea nuttallii, the hydrilla verticillata and the hay, and the emergent plants are selected from the reed rice.
3. The crab fry breeding method with plateau features as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the planting modes of the waterweed, the hydrilla verticillata, the hay and the reed rice are as follows: the waterweed is directly planted with mud at the middle root, the hydrilla verticillata and the hay are sown after seed germination acceleration, and the reed rice is planted as the local conventional rice.
4. The crab fry breeding method with plateau features as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the good time of the crab seedlings is from the middle and last ten days of 3 months to the last ten days of 4 months.
5. The preparation process of the crab fry breeding method with plateau features as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: the seventh step is that the animal feed comprises small trash fish, shrimp, clam meat, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal, insect larva and tubificidae, and the plant feed comprises tender grass, sweet potato, pumpkin, bean dregs, wheat bran and rice bran.
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| JPH1084800A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-04-07 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Culture device |
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| CN103719003A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 靳职雄 | River crab breeding method |
| CN107711646A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab ecological cultivation method |
| CN107836389A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab cultivation method |
| CN107926795A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-04-20 | 当涂县湖阳玉生水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method of pond culture crab |
| CN109287540A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-02-01 | 贺琪 | A kind of crab cultivation method suitable for freshwater aquiculture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1084800A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1998-04-07 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Culture device |
| CN102487854A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-13 | 麻城市农业科学研究所 | Artificial double spawning method for bighead carps |
| CN103719003A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 靳职雄 | River crab breeding method |
| CN107711646A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-23 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab ecological cultivation method |
| CN107836389A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-27 | 合肥康青源养殖有限公司 | Crab cultivation method |
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