CN112796124A - 一种阳离子染料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阳离子染料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112796124A
CN112796124A CN202011621186.4A CN202011621186A CN112796124A CN 112796124 A CN112796124 A CN 112796124A CN 202011621186 A CN202011621186 A CN 202011621186A CN 112796124 A CN112796124 A CN 112796124A
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cationic dye
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钱振宇
靳曼
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Wuxi Hongdou Home Textile Sales Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种阳离子染料,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL 0.10~0.15重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.0~3.0重量份,醋酸2.5~3.0重量份,醋酸钠1.0~3.0重量份,无水硫酸钠8.0~10.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.5~1.0重量份,水60~70重量份。本发明的阳离子染料及其染色方法,扩散性能和匀染性能好,不易染花,得色均匀,容易操作,染色时间短,阳离子染料固色率高,提高染色均匀性和色牢度。

Description

一种阳离子染料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及服装技术领域,具体涉及一种阳离子染料及其制备方法。
背景技术
上世纪50年代腈纶工业化生产以后,人们发现在聚丙烯腈纤维上,阳离子染料不仅具有很高的直接性和浓艳的色泽,而且染色牢度比蛋白质纤维和纤维素纤维上的高很多,因而重新引起人们的兴趣,为了进一步适应腈纶和其它一些合成纤维的应用,又合成了许多牢度很高的新品种,例如多甲川结构、氮代多甲川结构和迫萘内酰胺结构等,从而使阳离子染料成为聚丙烯腈纤维染色的一类主要染料。
阳离子染料对腈纶纤维的亲和力比较大,在纤维中的迁移性能不好,难以匀染,不同染料对同一纤维的亲和力不同,在纤维内部的扩散速率也不相同,当上染速率差别较大的染料进行拼混时,染色过程中容易发生色泽变化、染色不匀的现象;而上染速率接近的染料拼混时,它们在染浴里浓度比例基本不变,使产品的色泽保持一致,染色比较均匀,这种染料拼染的性能称为染料的配伍性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的不足,提供一种阳离子染料及其制备方法,提高染料的耐晒牢度。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种阳离子染料,其中,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL0.10~0.15重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.0~3.0重量份,醋酸2.5~3.0重量份,醋酸钠1.0~3.0重量份,无水硫酸钠8.0~10.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.5~1.0重量份,水60~70重量份。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料,其中,还包括0.2~0.4重量份的硫氰酸铵。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料,其中,还包括0.5~1.0重量份的尿素和0.6~0.8重量份碳酸乙烯酯。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料,其中,还包括0.1~0.3重量份聚乙烯醇。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料,其中,还包括0.02~0.05重量份十二烷基叔胺盐。
一种阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至75℃~80℃,将纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至85℃~90℃,染色15~20min,然后第二次升温至95℃~100℃,然后染色20~25min,最后第三次升温至100℃~105℃,染色45~60min,最后在20~30min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,所述染色浴比为1:40~50。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,所述第一次升温的速率为1℃~3°/min。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,所述第二次升温的速率为0.5℃~1℃/min。
优选的是,所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,所述第一次升温的速率为0.1℃~0.3℃/min。
本发明的优点在于:
本发明的阳离子染料及其染色方法,扩散性能和匀染性能好,不易染花,得色均匀,容易操作,染色时间短,阳离子染料固色率高,提高染色均匀性和色牢度;通过加入硫氰酸铵改善纤维手感,提高纤维柔韧性,通过加入尿素和碳酸乙烯酯协同作为促染剂,可使纤维膨化,有利于染料向纤维内扩散,聚乙烯醇可防止染料泳移,进一步提高阳离子染料的固色率,十二烷基叔胺盐改进纤维的亲水性,提高染料的染色性,染液的稳定性和渗透性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
一种阳离子染料,其中,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL0.10~0.15重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.0~3.0重量份,醋酸2.5~3.0重量份,醋酸钠1.0~3.0重量份,无水硫酸钠8.0~10.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.5~1.0重量份,水60~70重量份。
其中,还包括0.2~0.4重量份的硫氰酸铵。硫氰酸铵改善纤维手感,提高纤维柔韧性。
其中,还包括0.5~1.0重量份的尿素和0.6~0.8重量份碳酸乙烯酯。通过加入尿素和碳酸乙烯酯协同作为促染剂,可使纤维膨化,有利于染料向纤维内扩散。
其中,还包括0.1~0.3重量份聚乙烯醇。聚乙烯醇可防止染料泳移,进一步提高阳离子染料的固色率。
其中,还包括0.02~0.05重量份十二烷基叔胺盐。十二烷基叔胺盐改进纤维的亲水性,提高染料的染色性,染液的稳定性和渗透性。
一种阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至75℃~80℃,将纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至85℃~90℃,染色15~20min,然后第二次升温至95℃~100℃,然后染色20~25min,最后第三次升温至100℃~105℃,染色45~60min,最后在20~30min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
其中,所述染色浴比为1:40~50。
其中,所述第一次升温的速率为1℃~3℃/min。
其中,所述第二次升温的速率为0.5℃~1℃min。
其中,所述第一次升温的速率为0.1℃~0.3℃/min。
染色后进行降温,其降温速率要缓慢,过快会影响手感,染色后即可进行水洗,有的也可进行柔软处理,以增进手感,染色时间对染料的扩散及是否上染充分有很大的关系,时间短,易造成环染,影响染色牢度,可根据所染色泽来确定染色时间。
选择在纤维玻璃化温度以上、染液沸点以下某一固定的温度始染,并保温染色45-90min,使始染中大部分的燃料上染,然后再升温至沸作短时间沸染,让燃料在纤维内充分扩散或移染,以提高染色均匀性和色牢度。
实施例1
一种阳离子染料,其中,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL0.10重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.0重量份,醋酸2.5重量份,醋酸钠1.0重量份,无水硫酸钠8.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.5重量份,水60重量份,硫氰酸铵0.2重量份,尿素0.5重量份,碳酸乙烯酯0.6重量份,聚乙烯醇0.1重量份,十二烷基叔胺盐0.02重量份。
一种阳离子染料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至75℃,将腈纶纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至85℃,染色15min,然后第二次升温至95℃,然后染色20min,最后第三次升温至100℃,染色45min,最后在20min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
所述染色浴比为1:40,所述第一次升温的速率为1℃/min,所述第二次升温的速率为0.5℃/min,所述第一次升温的速率为0.1℃/min。
实施例2
一种阳离子染料,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL 0.12重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.5重量份,醋酸2.6重量份,醋酸钠2.0重量份,无水硫酸钠9.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.7重量份,水66重量份,硫氰酸铵0.3重量份,尿素0.7重量份,碳酸乙烯酯0.7重量份,聚乙烯醇0.2重量份,二烷基叔胺盐0.04重量份。
一种阳离子染料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至78℃,将腈纶纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至87℃,染色17min,然后第二次升温至98℃,然后染色22min,最后第三次升温至102℃,染色50min,最后在25min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
所述染色浴比为1:45,所述第一次升温的速率为2℃/min,所述第二次升温的速率为0.7℃/min,所述第一次升温的速率为0.2℃/min。
实施例3
一种阳离子染料,其中,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL0.15重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 3.0重量份,醋酸3.0重量份,醋酸钠3.0重量份,无水硫酸钠10.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 1.0重量份,水70重量份,硫氰酸铵0.4重量份,尿素1.0重量份,碳酸乙烯酯0.8重量份,聚乙烯醇0.3重量份,十二烷基叔胺盐0.05重量份。
一种阳离子染料的染色方法,其中,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至80℃,将腈纶纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至90℃,染色20min,然后第二次升温至100℃,然后染色25min,最后第三次升温至105℃,染色60min,最后在30min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
所述染色浴比为1:50,所述第一次升温的速率为3℃/min,所述第二次升温的速率为1℃/min,所述第一次升温的速率为0.3℃/min。
下面列出实施例1-3的性能测试结果:
表1
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
染色饱和值 2.6 2.7 2.1
通过表1可以看出,本发明的阳离子染料具有良好的染色效果,染色饱和度高。
最后所应说明的是,以上具体实施方式仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照实例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

1.一种阳离子染料,其特征在于,按重量份数计算,包括以下组分:阳离子嫩黄7GL0.10~0.15重量份,阳离子艳红5GN 2.0~3.0重量份,醋酸2.5~3.0重量份,醋酸钠 1.0~3.0重量份,无水硫酸钠 8.0~10.0重量份,匀染剂TAN 0.5~1.0重量份,水60~70重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阳离子染料,其特征在于,还包括0.2~0.4重量份的硫氰酸铵。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阳离子染料,其特征在于,还包括0.5~1.0重量份的尿素和0.6~0.8重量份碳酸乙烯酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阳离子染料,其特征在于,还包括0.1~0.3重量份聚乙烯醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阳离子染料,其特征在于,还包括0.02~0.05重量份十二烷基叔胺盐。
6.一种阳离子染料的染色方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1的阳离子染料各组分配比混料得到阳离子染料;
(2)将阳离子染料加热至75℃~80℃,将纤维放入阳离子染料中,第一次升温至85℃~90℃,染色15~20min,然后第二次升温至95℃~100℃,然后染色20~25min,最后第三次升温至100℃~105℃,染色45~60min,最后在20~30min内缓慢降至50℃出机。
7.根据权利要求6所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述染色浴比为1:40~50。
8.根据权利要求6所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述第一次升温的速率为1℃~3℃/min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述第二次升温的速率为0.5℃~1℃min。
10.根据权利要求6所述的阳离子染料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述第一次升温的速率为0.1℃~0.3℃/min。
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