CN112774701A - 一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112774701A CN112774701A CN202011532962.3A CN202011532962A CN112774701A CN 112774701 A CN112774701 A CN 112774701A CN 202011532962 A CN202011532962 A CN 202011532962A CN 112774701 A CN112774701 A CN 112774701A
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- Prior art keywords
- composite oxide
- acid radical
- cobalt
- hydrotalcite
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 radical ion salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=S YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Natural products CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;cobalt Chemical compound [AlH3].[Co] BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)CCC1 XNDZQQSKSQTQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000171 higher toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015667 MoO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepane Chemical compound C1CCCNCC1 ZSIQJIWKELUFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000219 mutagenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-[[4-[(e)-[4-(4-ethoxyanilino)phenyl]-[4-[ethyl-[(3-sulfonatophenyl)methyl]azaniumylidene]-2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]methyl]-n-ethyl-3-methylanilino]methyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C(=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=2C(=CC(=CC=2)N(CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=C1 RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003390 teratogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
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- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
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- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
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- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
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- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
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Abstract
本发明属于催化材料技术领域,具体涉及一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物及其制备方法与应用。本发明制备方法包括以下步骤,(1)将钴盐、铝盐溶解,加入碱及酸根离子盐混合均匀后获得悬浊液;(2)将悬浊液晶化,得到酸根离子插层的水滑石;(3)将水滑石煅烧,即可获得复合氧化物。本发明通过焙烧得到酸根离子为水滑石中间离子的钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物催化剂,通过酸根离子的插层改性,在原有的钴铝水滑石复合氧化物催化剂的基础上,给最后形成的催化剂带来丰富的B酸中心,从而有效调节无机氯产物的选择性,B酸能够提供质子,与沉积在催化剂表面的Cl物种结合生成HCl,有效防止氯中毒问题的产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化材料技术领域,具体涉及一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
在现代各种工业生产过程中排放的含氯挥发性有机化合物(CVOCs,ChlorinatedVolatile Organic Compounds),可分为芳香烃氯化物,如氯苯、二氯苯;氯代脂肪烃类化合物,如三氯乙烯、氯乙烯等不饱和氯代脂肪烃和二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷等饱和氯代脂肪烃。在含氯VOC中,二氯甲烷因其具有麻醉作用、致突变、致癌以及致畸,严重危害环境与人类健康。用于二氯甲烷催化燃烧的催化剂主要是负载型贵金属(活性组分为Pt、Pd、Rh、Ru等贵金属),但价格较贵,成本高,且负载贵金属用于催化燃烧消除CVOCs通常容易氯中毒,使催化剂失活或产生毒性更大的多氯代产物,因此负载贵金属的催化剂的实际应用受到了很大的限制。非贵金属催化剂具有良好的活性与抗中毒能力,并且价格低廉,是一类具有广泛应用前的催化剂,开发高效稳定的催化剂用于CVOCs的催化燃烧是目前亟待解决的问题。
CN110327929A公开了提供了一种钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物的制备方法,具体包含以下步骤:(1)将钴盐、铝盐溶解于溶剂中,得到盐溶液,其中钴铝元素的摩尔比为1:1-5:1;随后将一定量的尿素或六次甲基亚胺加入所述盐溶液中得到混合溶液;(2)将步骤(1)所述混合溶液放入烘箱中晶化,晶化的温度为80-150℃,晶化时间为6-24h,得到钴铝水滑石;(3)将步骤(2)所述钴铝水滑石洗涤干燥后,在400-550℃的条件下焙烧3-6h,得到钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物,其中钴铝元素的摩尔比为1:1-5:1。该技术方案制备的钴铝水滑石催化剂用于二氯甲烷催化燃烧时,起燃温度低,完全燃烧温度低等优点,但是在二氯甲烷催化燃烧时,容易产生三氯甲烷、四氯化碳等毒性更大的CVOCs
综上所述,现有技术仍缺乏一种具有合乎环境要求产物选择性高的用于CVOCs的高稳定、高活性催化剂。
发明内容
针对现有技术的以上缺陷,本发明在非贵金属催化剂的合成过程中,加入含不同酸根离子的前驱体,引入丰富的B酸中心,从而有效调节无机氯产物的选择性(B酸能够提供质子,与沉积在催化剂表面的Cl物种结合生成HCl),有效防止氯中毒问题的产生。
为实现上述目的,按照本发明的一个方面,提供了一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将钴盐、铝盐溶解,加入碱及酸根离子盐混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液晶化,得到酸根离子插层的水滑石;
(3)将水滑石煅烧,即可获得复合氧化物。
作为优选,所述复合氧化物的通式为[Co2+ 1-xAl3+ x(OH)2]y+[(An-)y/n·mH2O]y-,其中An-为插层的酸根离子。下标x代表钴铝中铝元素的含量,m是水分子的量,上标的y是价态,n是酸根离子的价态。
作为优选,所述钴盐与所述铝盐的物质的量之比为(2-4):(1-2)。
作为优选,所述钴盐为氯化钴、硝酸钴和硫酸钴中的一种。
作为优选,所述铝盐为硝酸铝、氯化铝、硫酸铝中的一种。
作为优选,所述的酸根离子盐为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、硫代乙酰胺、硫酸钠、钨酸钠、磷酸钠、磷酸氢钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢铵和钼酸钠中的一种。
作为优选,所述碱为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠,所述悬浊液的pH为8-10。
作为优选,所述步骤(2)中的晶化为将悬浊液在惰性气体保护的氛围下,放入烘箱或油浴中加热,加热温度为80℃-150℃,晶化时间为12h-48h;所述步骤(3)中的煅烧条件为在400℃-800℃的条件下焙烧2h-8h。
按照本发明的另一方面,提供了酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,根据前面所述的制备方法制备而成。
按照本发明的另一方面,提供了酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物的应用,所述应用包括作为催化剂用于含有氯代烃的废气催化燃烧,优选地,所述氯代烃为二氯甲烷,所述含有氯代烃废气中氯代烃的体积占比为0.05%-5%,每克所述催化剂每小时催化含有氯代烃的废气为5L-60L,所述催化燃烧时的反应压力为0.1Mpa-0.5Mpa,反应温度为50℃-400℃。
本发明的有益效果有:
(1)本发明采取一种酸根离子盐作为钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物的前驱体,通过焙烧得到酸根离子为水滑石中间离子的钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物催化剂,通过酸根离子的插层改性,在原有的钴铝水滑石复合氧化物催化剂的基础上,在前驱体的合成过程中,引入酸根离子的盐溶液作为缓冲溶液,调节pH在8-10之间,给最后形成的催化剂带来丰富的B酸中心,从而有效调节无机氯产物的选择性,B酸能够提供质子,与沉积在催化剂表面的Cl物种结合生成HCl,有效防止氯中毒问题的产生。
(2)本发明采用类似的方法,成功将不同酸根离子引入钴铝水滑石前驱体,焙烧后得到具有丰富B酸中心的复合氧化物催化剂材料,在保证活性与稳定性的同时,能够有效降低CVOCs催化燃烧过程中副产物的生成。
(3)本发明制备的催化剂具有氧化性能强、比表面积大、热稳定性高,活性位点多等优点,使其能提供更多的活化位点、丰富的B酸中心、优异的氧化还原性能,有利于C-Cl键、C-H键和C-C键的断裂及烃类的氧化转化,与此同时能有效降低或消除CVOCs催化氧化过程中生成的副产物。
(4)应用本发明值得的催化剂,采用空气或含氧气气氛作为氧化剂,起燃温度低,完全燃烧温度低,可长时间稳定地将废气中的二氯甲烷等CVOCs转化成二氧化碳、水合氯化氢,催化剂的活性较好,且有效抑制副产物的产生。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例不同酸根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体的XRD图。
图2是本发明实施例1和对比实施例1不同酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物催化剂的XRD图。
图3是本发明催化剂对二氯甲烷催化稳定性的效果图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
实施例
实施例1
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入7.16g十二水磷酸氢二钠和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到磷酸氢根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将磷酸氢根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-HPO4 2-,其XRD图如附图2所示。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述;
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入1.76g磷酸氢二铵和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到磷酸氢根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将磷酸氢根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-HPO4 2-。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述;
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入1.53g磷酸二氢铵和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到磷酸二氢根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将磷酸二氢根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-H2PO4 -。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述;
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入1.42g硫代乙酰胺和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到硫酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将硫酸根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-SO4 2-。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述;
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入3.8g磷酸钠和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到磷酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将磷酸根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-PO4 3-。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述。
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入2.42g二水合钼酸钠和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到钼酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将钼酸根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-MoO4 2-。
实施例7
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,酸根离子盐不同,具体如下所述;
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入5.85g钨酸钠和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到钨酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将钨酸根离子插层的钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-WO4 2-。
对比实施例
对比实施例1
本实施例与实施例1主要不同之处在于,没有引入酸根离子,仅采用碳酸钠作为缓冲剂调节pH,具体如下所述:
一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,通过以下制备方法制备而成:
(1)首先将200ml去离子水至于烧杯中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下在80℃油浴锅中煮30min,然后将4.37g六水硝酸钴、1.88g九水硝酸铝溶于煮后的去离子水中,搅拌溶解形成盐溶液,随后依次加入1.06g碳酸钠和2g氢氧化钠,混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液于80℃油浴锅中,在惰性气体氛围的保护下搅拌加热24小时,自然冷却后抽滤,用脱气的去离子水和乙醇溶液洗涤,得到钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体,其XRD图如附图1所示;
(3)将钴铝水滑石前驱体于110℃烘箱内烘烤24小时,随后在400℃焙烧4小时,制得复合氧化物,标记为Co3Al-CO3 2-,XRD于附图2。
测试与结果分析。
1.XRD物相分析。
实施例中所得到的酸根离子插层钴铝水滑石衍生复合氧化物前驱体的XRD图列于附图1中。如图1所示,所合成的前驱体为明显的水滑石结构,酸根离子的改性,没有明显改变前驱体的主体结构。
图2中可以看到部分酸根离子改性的水滑石的主峰发生了明显的偏移。焙烧后,催化剂的物相未发生变化,Co3Al-CO3 2-催化剂和Co3Al-HPO4 2-催化剂主要呈四氧化三钴尖晶石结构,但Co3Al-HPO4 2-催化剂的衍射峰宽化,表明催化剂的比表面积增加。
2.催化测试
将实施例1与对比实施例制备的催化剂,在固定床微反应器(内径4mm石英)上进行二氯甲烷燃烧活性测试,催化剂的用量为单质钴计算,固定为100mg。二氯甲烷采用美国Stoelting公司的100系列KDS100型微量注射泵注射进入汽化室,然后与空气混合进入反应器进行燃烧。总流量采用质量流量计控制,二氯甲烷的浓度控制在1000ppm,反应压力为0.1Mpa,二氯甲烷的转化率与反应温度的关系见下表,表中T10%、T50%、T90%分别为转化率达到10%、50%、90%时所需的反应温度。三氯甲烷的最高浓度为催化剂用于二氯甲烷催化燃烧过程中检测到多氯代产物的最高浓度。催化剂用于二氯甲烷催化燃烧的主要反应产物为二氧化碳、水、氯化氢和氯气。测试结果如表1和图3所示。
表1催化性能测试表
其中,Co3Al-CO3 2-催化剂的完全转化温度为310℃(T90),且反应过程中有三氯甲烷与四氯化碳生成。Co3Al-HPO4 2-复合氧化物催化剂催化燃烧二氯甲烷的完全转化温度为280℃(T90),且反应过程中无副产物产生。说明在钴铝水滑石氧化物催化剂的合成过程中,引入含B酸性质的羟基的酸根离子能在保持对CVOCs的高效氧化性能的前提下,完全抑制副产物的产生。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将钴盐、铝盐溶解,加入碱及酸根离子盐混合均匀后获得悬浊液;
(2)将悬浊液晶化,得到酸根离子插层的水滑石;
(3)将水滑石煅烧,即可获得复合氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述复合氧化物的通式为[Co2+ 1-xAl3+ x(OH)2]y+[(An-)y/n·mH2O]y-,其中An-为插层的酸根离子。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钴盐与所述铝盐的物质的量之比为(2-4):(1-2)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钴盐为氯化钴、硝酸钴和硫酸钴中的一种。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铝盐为硝酸铝、氯化铝、硫酸铝中的一种。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的酸根离子盐为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、硫代乙酰胺、硫酸钠、钨酸钠、磷酸钠、磷酸氢钠、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢铵和钼酸钠中的一种。
7.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述碱为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠,所述悬浊液的pH为8-10。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的晶化为将悬浊液在惰性气体保护的氛围下,放入烘箱或油浴中加热,加热温度为80℃-150℃,晶化时间为12h-48h;所述步骤(3)中的煅烧条件为在400℃-800℃的条件下焙烧2h-8h。
9.一种酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物,其特征在于,根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备而成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的酸根插层水滑石衍生复合氧化物的应用,其特征在于,所述应用包括作为催化剂用于含有氯代烃的废气催化燃烧,优选地,所述氯代烃为二氯甲烷,所述含有氯代烃废气中氯代烃的体积占比为0.05%-5%,每克所述催化剂每小时催化含有氯代烃的废气为5L-60L,所述催化燃烧时的反应压力为0.1Mpa-0.5Mpa,反应温度为50℃-400℃。
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