CN112772472A - Ecological breeding pool and ecological breeding method for wild black porgy - Google Patents
Ecological breeding pool and ecological breeding method for wild black porgy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112772472A CN112772472A CN202110105557.1A CN202110105557A CN112772472A CN 112772472 A CN112772472 A CN 112772472A CN 202110105557 A CN202110105557 A CN 202110105557A CN 112772472 A CN112772472 A CN 112772472A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological breeding pond for wild black porgy and an ecological breeding method thereof, and the ecological breeding pond comprises a pond body, wherein the pond body is made of cement, the bottom of the pond body is boiler-shaped and is provided with a sewage discharge outlet, an isolation cover is arranged above the sewage discharge outlet, a plurality of sieve holes are formed in the front side wall, the rear side wall, the left side wall and the right side wall of the isolation cover, a sewage discharge mechanism is connected below the sewage discharge outlet and comprises a sewage discharge pipe connected with the sewage discharge outlet, one end of the sewage discharge pipe, far away from the sewage discharge outlet, is connected with an adapter, the lower end of the adapter is connected with a drainage channel, the upper end of the adapter is connected with an insertion pipe, the outer side of the insertion pipe is provided with a protection pipe fixed in soil, the insertion pipe is arranged in a sliding manner in the protection pipe. The invention has the functions of conveniently discharging sewage and improving the health condition of the juvenile sea bream, thereby improving the survival rate of the juvenile fish after releasing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of black porgy culture, in particular to an ecological breeding pond and an ecological breeding method for wild black porgy.
Background
The black porgy is fish in the bottom layer of shallow sea, has a long culture history and great commercial value in coastal cities in China, is common high-grade edible fish in fish markets in various places, and has delicious taste. The breeding of the black porgy fries mainly adopts an artificial breeding technology, the existing artificial breeding technology is simple in mode and high in breeding density, so that the black porgy is low in health degree and is not easy to breed healthy fries, the maintenance conditions for breeding the fries are poor, the bred fries are not easy to adapt to the natural environment, and the survival rate is low after releasing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological breeding pond for wild black porgy, which has the functions of convenient pollution discharge and convenient black porgy breeding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an ecological pond of breeding, includes the cell body, the cell body adopts cement to make, the cell body bottom is boiler shape and is equipped with the drain, the drain top is equipped with the cage, all is equipped with a plurality of sieve meshes on four lateral walls all around the cage, and the drain below is connected with sewage mechanism, sewage mechanism includes the blow off pipe of being connected with the drain, and the one end that the drain was kept away from to the blow off pipe is connected with the adapter, and the lower extreme and the drainage canal of adapter are connected, and the upper end that the switching has is even connected with the intubate, and the intubate outside is equipped with the protection tube of fixing in soil, and the intubate slides to be established in the protection tube, and the upper end of intubate is connected with the removal subassembly, the circumference of cage.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the breeding process, fertilizers such as impurity in the water and fodder can deposit at the bottom of the pool, reduce water quality easily and need regularly discharge, when needs blowdown, the accessible removes the subassembly and shifts up the intubate and make drainage canal and blow off pipe intercommunication, thereby make the sewage of cell body bottom discharge through the blow off pipe, and the cage can prevent that the macrobiosis in the cell body from escaping through the blow off pipe, and can start pull throughs to dredge the sieve mesh in the blowdown process, make the difficult jam of sieve mesh be convenient for discharge sewage, so make and breed black porgy in-process blowdown convenient, be convenient for black porgy breeds and grows, improve black porgy rate of reproduction.
The invention is further configured to: the cage includes the cover body and shroud, and the shroud passes through bolt and cover body coupling, pull throughs include with cage upper end sliding connection's stripper plate, one side that the stripper plate is close to the cage lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of extrusion cones, and the extrusion awl corresponds with stripper plate threaded connection and sieve mesh position, and the equipartition has two rotary tanks on the lateral wall of extrusion cone, one side that the cage lateral wall was kept away from to the stripper plate is equipped with the promotion subassembly.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs mediation sieve mesh, can start and promote the subassembly and promote the stripper plate for in the extrusion awl inserts the sieve mesh, so reciprocal can dredge the sieve mesh fast, and the shroud can separate with the cover body, makes people can separate pull throughs and the cover body, and the extrusion awl can separate with the extrusion simultaneously, makes people change the extrusion awl more convenient, thereby makes pull throughs maintain and install more conveniently.
The invention is further configured to: be fixed with extrusion spring on the stripper plate four corners, the other end of extrusion spring and the adjacent cover body lateral wall butt of stripper plate, the drive assembly is including fixing the drive block of keeping away from one side of cover body lateral wall at the stripper plate, the drive block is convex, the shroud downside is fixed with the extrusion motor, and the motor shaft of extrusion motor is down and be fixed with the extrusion cam.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can drive the extrusion cam through the extrusion motor and rotate, when extrusion cam extrusion drive block, can make the stripper plate remove to cover body side wall to make in the extrusion awl inserts the sieve mesh, realize the mediation to the sieve mesh, and dredge only to the sieve mesh on a lateral wall at every turn, make the blowdown can go on simultaneously with the mediation, improve blowdown efficiency.
The invention is further configured to: the side wall of the cover body is in threaded connection with four positioning bolts, the positioning bolts correspond to the extrusion springs and are inserted into the inner sides of the extrusion springs, and the extrusion plate is provided with a yielding groove for the positioning bolts to be embedded.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, people are when the blowdown, and the position of extrusion spring receives positioning bolt's restriction and is difficult for rocking, when needs separate pull throughs and the cover body, can demolish positioning bolt earlier for it is convenient that extrusion spring and cover body separate.
The invention is further configured to: the movable assembly comprises an installation box, the upper end of the insertion pipe is inserted into the installation box, a transmission gear is rotatably connected in the installation box, the inner side of the transmission gear is in threaded connection with the insertion pipe, a sewage discharging motor is fixed in the installation box, a driving gear is fixed on a motor shaft of the sewage discharging motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the transmission gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the blowdown motor can drive the initiative driving gear and rotate, and the driving gear can drive gear and rotate, and then realizes the regulation of position about the intubate, and the people of being convenient for are to the regulation of intubate position.
The invention aims to provide an ecological breeding method of wild black porgy, which has the functions of high breeding rate of the black porgy and high survival rate of bred juvenile fish after releasing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the use of an ecological breeding pond of any one of claims 1 to 5 for breeding black porgy,
step 1: collecting and temporarily culturing wild parents: collecting wild black porgy parents captured in a natural sea area, acquiring the wild black porgy parents in batches to avoid the problems of close-relative reproduction, genetic drift and the like, soaking and sterilizing the wild black porgy parents in a 5mg/L potassium permanganate solution, stocking the pond in a seawater pond with the area of more than 15 mu, the depth of a pond water body of more than 2.5 m, the salinity of the seawater pond of 20-30 per mill, the pH of 8.1-8.4, stocking at a low density, and the stocking density is controlled to be 200 plus one 300 shrimp per mu, during the temporary stocking period, feeding the palaemon carinicauda in winter, and feeding the penaeus vannamei in summer and autumn with the feeding amount of 5-10kg per mu per week;
step 2: preparing ecological breeding related facilities: preparing ecological breeding ponds, wherein the building area is 1000m2, the water depth is 2 m, 1 waterwheel type aerator with 1.5KW power is distributed in each ecological breeding pond, the aerator is placed in the center of the pond and is fixed by nylon ropes, 3 water pumps with 1.5KW are arranged, 2 water pumps are used for pumping natural seawater and river fresh water, 1 water pump is used for draining water, and a salinity meter and a seawater salinity adjusting concentrator are arranged;
and step 3: breeding the parent fish of the black porgy temporarily: in spring season, the natural water temperature is above 12 ℃, the salinity of the ecological breeding pond is adjusted to 28 per mill, when the salinity is low, a seawater salinity adjusting concentrator is adopted to fill high salinity seawater, when the salinity is high, diluting with fresh water, fishing the black porgy parent from the seawater pond, narcotizing with MS-222, selecting black porgy parent fish with proper age, strong physique and fat beauty, putting 2-3 age black porgy parent fish, putting 28-30 parent fish in each ecological breeding pond, the ratio of male to female is 1.2:1, the quality requirement of the black porgy is more than 500 g/tail, the length of the male fish is more than 21cm, the length of the female fish is more than 19cm, after the parent fish is put in the ecological breeding pond, running a water vehicle type aerator for 24 hours, so as to improve the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be more than 5mg/L, and simultaneously, water enters the ecological breeding pond from the seawater pond for 5 to 8 hours every day and flows into the ecological breeding pond;
and 4, step 4: natural spawning: along with the rising of water temperature, the gonad of parent fish gradually grows mature, the salinity of natural seawater in the ecological breeding pond is adjusted, pollution-free fresh water in a natural river channel is mainly adopted for dilution, the salinity is adjusted to be 24-25 per thousand, black sea bream is induced to start to lay eggs in batches, the diameter of fertilized eggs is about 0.9mm, the fertilized eggs are hatched and emerge within 2 days, newly hatched fry float on the water surface, and the fry passively move along with water flow;
and 5: hatching and seedling management: after hatching, adjusting inflow of fresh water, adjusting salinity to 23 per thousand to ensure that the fries are uniformly distributed in the pond, after hatching for 4 days, opening the fries, putting rotifer brachialis into the ecological breeding pond, wherein the rotifer brachialis needs to be enriched with chlorella or chlorella concentrated solution for 0.5 day before feeding, the input amount is 8-10/mL, and 30% of water is replaced every day in the stage until the fries are cultured to be more than 10 mm;
step 6: and (3) juvenile fish growth management: when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 10mm, the water inlet time is gradually increased, the water body exchange rate is 60%, and meanwhile, the salinity is reduced to about 21 per thousand, so that the density of biological baits such as copepods, cladocera and the like in the pond is improved; when the black porgy grows to above 21mm, the stage is cultured in flowing water mode, the flowing water time is 12-15h per day, and the flowing water quantity is 30m3The natural baits are mainly organisms such as exopalaemon carinicauda, mysid and goby which are propagated and grown in the seawater pond by self; when the juvenile black porgy grows to be more than 30mm, increasing the flowing time of the ecological breeding pond again to be 20-24h, and meanwhile, putting fresh and live mottled clams, wherein the feeding amount of the mottled clams is 2-3 kg/day, and the shell length is more than 1cm, so that the juvenile black porgy can be preyed; when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 40mm, the food width range is increased, the wet weight of large-scale seaweed is fed for 1 Kg/day, the live prawns are fed for 2 Kg/day, and the shellfish is fed for 1 Kg/day; the fish body is above 40mm, can be transferred to natural sea area for wild training, and the stocking density in the net cage is controlled at 50-80 tail/m3In the stage, the fish is not fed to meet the aim that the fish body adapts to the sea condition of the natural sea area, training is carried out for 7 days, and black porgy fries are released to a target area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the black porgy is firstly put in low-density stocking in the early stage, the growth performance and the digestion physiological function of the fish are improved, the oxidation resistance and the nonspecific immunity of the organism are improved, more excellent juvenile fish can be conveniently bred, as the black porgy is highly sensitive to the external environment, therefore, the salt content is regulated to stimulate the black porgy, so that the black porgy oocyte is matured and ovulated in the most suitable salt content, the sperm activity of the male fish is improved, the duration of the sperm activity is prolonged, and the water pump and the waterwheel type aerator are used for carrying out flowing water stimulation to further induce the black porgy to lay eggs, and the flowing water can update the water body, supplement biological bait and ensure the freshness of the water body, meanwhile, the ecological breeding pond is a 1000-square high-level pond, the water body is wide, the black porgy can move freely and can be preyed conveniently, the natural reproduction process of the black porgy can be triggered more easily, and the breeding rate is improved.
In the juvenile black porgy growth process, according to the juvenile black porgy length separator growth phase, be aided with different natural bait in the growth phase of difference for the juvenile black porgy can grow up fast, and can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing, improve juvenile black porgy survival rate, and increase the water flow rate through water pump and waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, simulate natural environment, thereby further make juvenile black porgy can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing. Ecological pond of breeding is regarded as the retaining pond concurrently to satisfy the required water consumption of mariculture production every day, and the ecological pond of breeding sewage discharge convenience in, make the higher development that is favorable to black porgy of quality of water in the pond, make black porgy healthier and more be convenient for to release.
The invention is further configured to: and 3, in the temporary parent fish culture process in the step 3, splashing bleaching powder with the concentration of 1mg/L once every two weeks, and splashing 1g bleaching powder per cubic meter of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the excessive propagation of algae is inhibited by the bleaching powder, and the black porgy eats natural animal and plant baits such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthonic animals and the like in the ecological breeding pond, so that the circulation of substances in the pond can be promoted, and the function of purifying a water body is achieved.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through the regulation to black porgy breeds environment salinity, make black porgy oocyte ripe and ovulation at the most suitable salinity, promote the spermatic vigor of male fish simultaneously, prolong the active duration of sperm, thereby the black porgy breeding rate has been improved, and in black porgy juvenile growth process, separate its growth phase according to black porgy juvenile somatic growth, be aided with different natural bait in the growth phase of difference, make black porgy juvenile can grow fast, and can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing, improve black porgy juvenile survival rate, and increase the water flow rate through frequency conversion water pump and waterwheel type oxygen-increasing machine, simulate natural environment, thereby further make black porgy juvenile can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing, further improve black porgy juvenile survival rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating steps of the ecological breeding method of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ecological breeding pond in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 2 at A;
figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view highlighting the structure of the pull through of the present embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1. a tank body; 2. an isolation cover; 3. a dredging device; 4. a sewage draining mechanism; 11. a sewage draining outlet; 21. a cover body; 22. a cover; 211. screening holes; 31. a pressing plate; 32. extruding a cone; 33. a compression spring; 34. a transmission block; 35. an extrusion motor; 36. an extrusion cam; 37. positioning the bolt; 311. a yielding groove; 321. a rotating tank; 41. a blow-off pipe; 42. an adapter; 43. a drainage channel; 44. inserting a tube; 45. protecting the tube; 46. a moving assembly; 461. installing a box; 462. a transmission gear; 463. a sewage discharging motor; 464. a drive gear.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment discloses an ecological breeding method of wild black porgy, as shown in figures 1 to 4,
step 1: collecting and temporarily culturing wild parents: collecting wild black porgy parents captured in a natural sea area, collecting and obtaining the wild black porgy parents in batches to avoid the problems of close-relative reproduction, genetic drift and the like, soaking and sterilizing the wild black porgy parents by adopting 5mg/L potassium permanganate solution, stocking the wild black porgy parents in a seawater pond (soil pond), wherein the pond area is more than 15 mu, the pond water depth is more than 2.5 m, the seawater pond salinity is 20-30 per mill, the pH value is 8.1-8.4, stocking is performed at a low density, the stocking density is controlled at 300 fries/mu, during temporary stocking, the palaemon white shrimps are fed in winter, the penaeus vannamei is fed in summer and autumn, and the feeding amount is 5-10 kg/mu every week.
Step 2: preparing ecological breeding related facilities: the ecological pond of breeding is prepared, the construction area is 1000m2, the water depth is 2 meters, the ecological pond of breeding includes the cell body, the cell body adopts cement to make, the bottom of the pool is pot bottom shape, the bottom of the pool is equipped with the drain, the drain top is equipped with the cage, the drain below is connected with sewage discharging mechanism, every mouthful of ecological pond of breeding joins in marriage 1 of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine of power 1.5KW, place in pond central point, fix with the nylon rope, be equipped with 3 water pumps of 1.5KW, extract natural sea water respectively, river course fresh water and drainage, be equipped with the salinity meter and seawater salinity adjust concentrated machine.
And step 3: breeding the parent fish of the black porgy temporarily: in spring season, natural water temperature is above 12 ℃, the salinity of an ecological breeding pond is adjusted to 28 per thousand, when the salinity is low, a seawater salinity adjusting concentrator is adopted to fill high salinity seawater, when the salinity is high, fresh water is adopted to dilute, black porgy parents are caught from the seawater pond, MS-222(0.5mL/L) is adopted to anaesthetize, the MS-222 is ethyl meta-aminobenzoate mesylate, black porgy parent fishes with proper age, strong physique and good quality are selected, black porgy parent fishes with 2-3 ages are put in, the number of the black porgy parent fishes in each ecological breeding pond is 28-30, the relatively high population number is beneficial to maintaining the genetic diversity of the black porgy population, the ratio of male and female is 1.2:1, the gender of the black porgy is determined according to the shape of genital papilla, the quality requirement of the black porgy is above 500 g/tail, the male fish grows above 21cm, and the female fish grows above 19cm, after parent fishes are put in the pond, a waterwheel type aerator in the ecological breeding pond operates for 24 hours to improve the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be more than 5 mg/L. Meanwhile, water flows into the ecological breeding pond from the seawater pond for 5-8 hours every day, in the temporary breeding process of the parent fish, bleaching powder is sprayed once every two weeks, the concentration is 1mg/L, and 1g of bleaching powder is sprayed on each cubic meter of water body to inhibit excessive breeding of algae, and the black porgy eats natural animal and plant baits of phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthonic animals and the like in the ecological breeding pond, so that the circulation of substances in the pond can be promoted, and the function of purifying the water body is achieved.
And 4, step 4: natural spawning: the gonads of parent fishes gradually grow and mature along with the rising of water temperature, the salinity of natural seawater in an ecological breeding pond is adjusted, pollution-free fresh water in a natural river channel is mainly adopted for dilution, the salinity is adjusted to be 24-25 per thousand, black sea breams are induced to start to lay eggs in batches, the diameter of fertilized eggs is about 0.9mm, the fertilized eggs are hatched and emerge within 2 days, newly hatched larva fishes float on the water surface, and the larva fishes passively move along with water flow.
And 5: hatching and seedling management: after hatching, the inflow of fresh water is adjusted, and the salinity is adjusted to 23 per thousand, so that the fry are uniformly distributed in the pond. After 4 days of incubation, opening the fry, putting Brachionus plicatilis into the ecological breeding pond, wherein the Brachionus plicatilis needs to be enriched with chlorella or chlorella concentrated solution for 0.5 day before feeding, the input amount is 8-10/mL, and 30% of water is replaced every day in the stage until the fry is cultivated to be more than 10 mm.
Step 6: and (3) juvenile fish growth management: when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 10mm, the water inlet time is gradually increased, the water body exchange rate is 60%, and meanwhile, the salinity is reduced to about 21 per thousand, so that the density of biological baits such as copepods, cladocera and the like in the pond is improved; when the black porgy grows to above 21mm, the stage is cultured in flowing water mode, the flowing water time is 12-15h per day, and the flowing water quantity is 30m3The natural baits are mainly organisms such as exopalaemon carinicauda, mysid and goby which are propagated and grown in the seawater pond by self; when the juvenile black porgy grows to be more than 30mm, increasing the flowing time of the ecological breeding pond again to be 20-24h, and meanwhile, putting fresh and live mottled clams, wherein the feeding amount of the mottled clams is 2-3 kg/day, and the shell length is more than 1cm, so that the juvenile black porgy can be preyed; when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 40mm, the food width range is increased, large-scale seaweed is fed with the feed with the wet weight of 1 Kg/day, the live prawns with the wet weight of 2 Kg/day and the shellfish with the wet weight of 1 Kg/day; the fish body is above 40mm, can be transferred to natural sea area for wild training, and the stocking density in the net cage is controlled at 50-80 tail/m3In the stage, the fish is not fed to meet the aim of adapting to the sea condition of the natural sea area, training is carried out for 7 days, and the black porgy fries are released to a target area to realize the aim of natural population recovery.
The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out low-density stocking on black porgy in an earlier stage, improving the growth performance of fish, digesting physiological functions, improving the oxidation resistance and nonspecific immunity of an organism, facilitating breeding of more excellent juvenile fish, stimulating the black porgy by adopting a mode of adjusting salinity because the black porgy is highly sensitive to the external environment, maturing and ovulation of oocytes of the black porgy at the most appropriate salinity, simultaneously improving the sperm activity of male fish, prolonging the duration time of the sperm activity, carrying out running water stimulation by utilizing a water pump and a waterwheel aerator, further inducing the black porgy to lay eggs, updating a water body by running water, supplementing biological baits and ensuring the freshness of the water body, meanwhile, the ecological breeding pond is a 1000-square high-place pond, and is wide in water body, so that the free movement and predation of the black porgy are facilitated, the natural reproduction process of the black porgy is more easily triggered, and the rate is improved.
In the juvenile black porgy growth process, according to the juvenile black porgy length separator growth phase, be aided with different natural bait in the growth phase of difference for the juvenile black porgy can grow up fast, and can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing, improve juvenile black porgy survival rate, and increase the water flow rate through water pump and waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, simulate natural environment, thereby further make juvenile black porgy can adapt to natural environment more soon after releasing. Ecological pond of breeding is regarded as the retaining pond concurrently to satisfy the required water consumption of mariculture production every day, and the ecological pond of breeding sewage discharge convenience in, make the higher development that is favorable to black porgy of quality of water in the pond, make black porgy healthier and more be convenient for to release.
Ecological pond of breeding includes cell body 1, the bottom of cell body 1 is equipped with drain 11, the upper end of drain 11 is equipped with cage 2, the equipartition is equipped with a plurality of sieve meshes 211 on the lateral wall of the four sides all around of cage 2, be equipped with pull throughs 3 in cage 2, lower extreme at drain 11 is connected with sewage discharging mechanism 4, sewage discharging mechanism 4 includes the blow off pipe 41 of being connected with drain 11, the one end that drain 11 was kept away from to blow off pipe 41 is connected with adapter 42, adapter 42's lower extreme and drainage 43 are connected, intubate 44 has been inserted to the upper end that the switching has, be equipped with the protection tube 45 of fixing in soil in the intubate 44 outside, intubate 44 slides and establishes in protection tube 45, upper end at intubate 44 is connected with removal subassembly. The moving assembly 46 comprises a mounting box 461, the upper end of the insertion tube 44 is inserted into the mounting box 461, a transmission gear 462 is rotatably connected in the mounting box 461, the inner side of the transmission gear 462 is in threaded connection with the insertion tube 44, a sewage motor 463 is fixed in the mounting box 461, a driving gear 464 is fixed on a motor shaft of the sewage motor 463, the driving gear 464 is meshed with the transmission gear 462, the sewage motor 463 can drive the driving gear 464 to rotate, and then the transmission gear 462 is driven to rotate, so that the insertion tube 44 can move up and down.
At the breed in-process, the waste material that the water sediment and breed the production can be piled up at the bottom of the pool, through 463 with intubate 44 rebound of blowdown motor this moment for blow off pipe 41 and water drainage 43 intercommunication, in 1 bottom waste material of cell body can follow rivers and enter into water drainage 43, thereby the sewage of 1 bottom of the cell body of being convenient for people discharge, and cage 2 can make 1 big biology in the bottom of the cell body be difficult for escaping through blow off pipe 41.
The cage 2 is including the cover body 21 and shroud 22, shroud 22 passes through the bolt and is connected with the cover body 21, pull throughs 3 include the stripper plate 31 with shroud 22 sliding connection, one side that stripper plate 31 is close to the cover body 21 lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of extrusion awl 32, extrusion awl 32 corresponds with stripper plate 31 threaded connection and sieve mesh 211 position, the equipartition has two rotary slot 321 on the lateral wall of extrusion awl 32, be fixed with extrusion spring 33 on stripper plate 31 four corners, the other end and the cover body 21 inner wall butt of extrusion spring 33, one side of keeping away from adjacent cover body 21 lateral wall at stripper plate 31 is fixed with convex transmission piece 34. A pressing motor 35 is fixed to the lower side of the cover 22, and a pressing cam 36 is fixed to the pressing motor 35 with its motor shaft facing downward.
When carrying out the blowdown, start extrusion motor 35 and drive extrusion cam 36 rotatory, can promote the stripper plate 31 and remove to the lateral wall of cage 2 when extrusion cam 36 contacts with transmission piece 34, make extrusion awl 32 can insert in sieve pore 211, and then realize the mediation to sieve pore 211, after extrusion cam 36 separates with transmission piece 34, stripper plate 31 can reset under extrusion spring 33's effect, so when carrying out the blowdown, to the sieve pore 211 intermittent type mediation on four lateral walls of the cover body 21, be convenient for people's blowdown. Four positioning bolts 37 are connected to the side wall of the cover body 21 through threads, the positioning bolts 37 correspond to the extrusion springs 33 and are inserted into the inner sides of the extrusion springs 33, the extrusion plate 31 is provided with a yielding groove 311 for the positioning bolts 37 to be embedded, when the extrusion plate 31 moves back and forth, the positioning bolts 37 can limit the extrusion springs 33 to enable the extrusion springs 33 not to incline easily, and the positioning bolts 37 can be embedded into the yielding groove 311 to enable the extrusion plate 31 to move without being limited by the positioning bolts 37.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the design concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an ecological pond of breeding, includes cell body (1), its characterized in that: the sewage treatment pool is characterized in that the pool body (1) is made of cement, the bottom of the pool body (1) is boiler-shaped and is provided with a sewage draining outlet (11), an isolation cover (2) is arranged above the sewage draining outlet (11), a plurality of sieve pores (211) are arranged on four side walls of the isolation cover (2) in front, back, left and right directions, a sewage draining mechanism (4) is connected below the sewage draining outlet (11), the sewage draining mechanism (4) comprises a sewage draining pipe (41) connected with the sewage draining outlet (11), one end, far away from the sewage draining outlet (11), of the sewage draining pipe (41) is connected with an adapter (42), the lower end of the adapter (42) is connected with a water draining channel (43), an insertion pipe (44) is connected to the upper end of the adapter, a protection pipe (45) fixed in soil is arranged on the outer side of the insertion pipe (44), the insertion pipe (44) is slidably arranged in the protection pipe (45), a, and a dredging device (3) is arranged on the inner side of the isolation cover (2).
2. The ecological breeding pond according to claim 1, wherein: the cage (2) is including the cover body (21) and shroud (22), and shroud (22) are connected with the cover body (21) through the bolt, pull throughs (3) include stripper plate (31) with cage (2) upper end sliding connection, one side that stripper plate (31) are close to cage (2) lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of extrusion awl (32), and extrusion awl (32) correspond with stripper plate (31) threaded connection and sieve mesh (211) position, and the equipartition has two rotation grooves (321) on the lateral wall of extrusion awl (32), one side that cage (2) lateral wall was kept away from in stripper plate (31) is equipped with the promotion subassembly.
3. The ecological breeding pond according to claim 2, characterized in that: be fixed with extrusion spring (33) on stripper plate (31) four corners, the other end and the adjacent cover body (21) lateral wall butt of stripper plate (31) of extrusion spring (33), the drive assembly is including fixing transmission piece (34) of keeping away from one side of the cover body (21) lateral wall in stripper plate (31), transmission piece (34) are arc, shroud (22) downside is fixed with extrusion motor (35), and the motor shaft of extrusion motor (35) is down and be fixed with extrusion cam (36).
4. The ecological breeding pond according to claim 2, characterized in that: the side wall of the cover body (21) is in threaded connection with four positioning bolts (37), the positions of the positioning bolts (37) correspond to the extrusion springs (33) and are inserted into the inner sides of the extrusion springs (33), and the extrusion plate (31) is provided with a yielding groove (311) for embedding the positioning bolts (37).
5. The ecological breeding pond according to claim 1, wherein: the movable assembly (46) comprises a mounting box (461), the upper end of the insertion pipe (44) is inserted into the mounting box (461), a transmission gear (462) is connected in the mounting box (461) in a rotating mode, the inner side of the transmission gear (462) is in threaded connection with the insertion pipe (44), a sewage discharge motor (463) is fixed in the mounting box (461), a driving gear (464) is fixed on a motor shaft of the sewage discharge motor (463), and the driving gear (464) is meshed with the transmission gear (462).
6. An ecological breeding method of wild black porgy is characterized in that: the use of an ecological breeding pond of any one of claims 1 to 5 for breeding black porgy,
step 1: collecting and temporarily culturing wild parents: collecting wild black porgy parents captured in a natural sea area, acquiring the wild black porgy parents in batches to avoid the problems of close-relative reproduction, genetic drift and the like, soaking and sterilizing the wild black porgy parents in a 5mg/L potassium permanganate solution, stocking the pond in a seawater pond with the area of more than 15 mu, the depth of a pond water body of more than 2.5 m, the salinity of the seawater pond of 20-30 per mill, the pH of 8.1-8.4, stocking at a low density, and the stocking density is controlled to be 200 plus one 300 shrimp per mu, during the temporary stocking period, feeding the palaemon carinicauda in winter, and feeding the penaeus vannamei in summer and autumn with the feeding amount of 5-10kg per mu per week;
step 2: preparing ecological breeding related facilities: preparing ecological breeding ponds, wherein the building area is 1000m2, the water depth is 2 m, 1 waterwheel type aerator with 1.5KW power is distributed in each ecological breeding pond, the aerator is placed in the center of the pond and is fixed by nylon ropes, 3 water pumps with 1.5KW are arranged, 2 water pumps are used for pumping natural seawater and river fresh water, 1 water pump is used for draining water, and a salinity meter and a seawater salinity adjusting concentrator are arranged;
and step 3: breeding the parent fish of the black porgy temporarily: in spring season, the natural water temperature is above 12 ℃, the salinity of the ecological breeding pond is adjusted to 28 per mill, when the salinity is low, a seawater salinity adjusting concentrator is adopted to fill high salinity seawater, when the salinity is high, diluting with fresh water, fishing the black porgy parent from the seawater pond, narcotizing with MS-222, selecting black porgy parent fish with proper age, strong physique and fat beauty, putting 2-3 age black porgy parent fish, putting 28-30 parent fish in each ecological breeding pond, the ratio of male to female is 1.2:1, the quality requirement of the black porgy is more than 500 g/tail, the length of the male fish is more than 21cm, the length of the female fish is more than 19cm, after the parent fish is put in the ecological breeding pond, running a water vehicle type aerator for 24 hours, so as to improve the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be more than 5mg/L, and simultaneously, water enters the ecological breeding pond from the seawater pond for 5 to 8 hours every day and flows into the ecological breeding pond;
and 4, step 4: natural spawning: along with the rising of water temperature, the gonad of parent fish gradually grows mature, the salinity of natural seawater in the ecological breeding pond is adjusted, pollution-free fresh water in a natural river channel is mainly adopted for dilution, the salinity is adjusted to be 24-25 per thousand, black sea bream is induced to start to lay eggs in batches, the diameter of fertilized eggs is about 0.9mm, the fertilized eggs are hatched and emerge within 2 days, newly hatched fry float on the water surface, and the fry passively move along with water flow;
and 5: hatching and seedling management: after hatching, adjusting inflow of fresh water, adjusting salinity to 23 per thousand to ensure that the fries are uniformly distributed in the pond, after hatching for 4 days, opening the fries, putting rotifer brachialis into the ecological breeding pond, wherein the rotifer brachialis needs to be enriched with chlorella or chlorella concentrated solution for 0.5 day before feeding, the input amount is 8-10/mL, and 30% of water is replaced every day in the stage until the fries are cultured to be more than 10 mm;
step 6: and (3) juvenile fish growth management: when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 10mm, the water inlet time is gradually increased, the water body exchange rate is 60%, and meanwhile, the salinity is reduced to about 21 per thousand, so that the density of biological baits such as copepods, cladocera and the like in the pond is improved;when the black porgy grows to above 21mm, the stage is cultured in flowing water mode, the flowing water time is 12-15h per day, and the flowing water quantity is 30m3The natural baits are mainly organisms such as exopalaemon carinicauda, mysid and goby which are propagated and grown in the seawater pond by self; when the juvenile black porgy grows to be more than 30mm, increasing the flowing time of the ecological breeding pond again to be 20-24h, and meanwhile, putting fresh and live mottled clams, wherein the feeding amount of the mottled clams is 2-3 kg/day, and the shell length is more than 1cm, so that the juvenile black porgy can be preyed; when the juvenile sea bream grows to be more than 40mm, the food width range is increased, the wet weight of large-scale seaweed is fed for 1 Kg/day, the live prawns are fed for 2 Kg/day, and the shellfish is fed for 1 Kg/day; the fish body is above 40mm, can be transferred to natural sea area for wild training, and the stocking density in the net cage is controlled at 50-80 tail/m3In the stage, the fish is not fed to meet the aim that the fish body adapts to the sea condition of the natural sea area, training is carried out for 7 days, and black porgy fries are released to a target area.
7. The ecological breeding method of wild black porgy as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: and 3, in the temporary parent fish culture process in the step 3, splashing bleaching powder with the concentration of 1mg/L once every two weeks, and splashing 1g bleaching powder per cubic meter of water.
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