CN112759659B - Seaweed polymer extracting solution, preparation method thereof and seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film - Google Patents
Seaweed polymer extracting solution, preparation method thereof and seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00
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- C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
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- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
- C08J2403/08—Ethers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/07—Aldehydes; Ketones
Abstract
The invention provides a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-90 parts of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, 1.5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-5 parts of boric acid, 0.4-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15-2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4-5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2-3.0 parts of glycerol. The seaweed extract obtained by degradation under specific neutral conditions has higher content of effective components, the extract and other functional polymer materials are grafted, copolymerized and fully crosslinked, so that various components are organically combined to form the seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film, the water retention and heat preservation are facilitated, the temperature of heat preservation soil is improved by more than 3 ℃ in winter, the water retention rate is improved by more than 20%, the weed prevention rate is 50%, the seaweed extract can be completely degraded by microorganisms, and the seaweed biological water retention film is environment-friendly and has no residue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a seaweed polymer extracting solution, a preparation method thereof and a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film.
Background
The liquid mulching film is a film forming substance prepared into liquid, and a layer of colloidal film is formed on the surface layer of soil after spraying, so that soil particles are connected to play a role of the mulching film. The use of the liquid mulching film can enable the soil surface to form a multi-molecular reticular film, the use of the film can seal the pores on the soil surface and inhibit the soil moisture from volatilizing, but the moisture permeation is not influenced, and meanwhile, the dispersed soil particles can be glued together to form a soil aggregate structure. The liquid mulching film has more advantages in the aspects of processing preparation, service performance, degradation degree and the like than the conventional degradable mulching films such as degradable mulching films, and is easy to popularize and use in a large area. In recent years, the development of liquid mulching films is mostly concentrated on chemical polymer materials, the use of high polymer substances in seaweed is less, the cost of the conventional liquid mulching films is higher, the liquid mulching films have all functions of the conventional liquid mulching films, the degradation performance is good, the cost is low, the liquid mulching films can be sprayed on the site, the liquid mulching films are not limited by the terrain, and the liquid mulching films have the functions of soil moisture conservation, temperature increase and the like. Wherein the seaweed extract contains natural active substances which can regulate the growth of plants; in addition, alginic acid has passivation effect on heavy metal in soil, and can prevent crops from absorbing heavy metal ions; alginic acid also has strong water retention and fertilizer retention effects, and can prolong the fertilizer efficiency. In addition, the mulching film is a novel multifunctional liquid mulching film which integrates a fertilizer, a growth regulating substance and an agricultural film.
However, the water retention of 201110036149.1 in the prior art is not ideal enough, the mechanical property is poor, and a series of problems of environmental pollution and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which has good water-retaining property, good heat-retaining property, biodegradability and high mechanical strength.
The invention provides a seaweed polymer extracting solution which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-40 parts of seaweed, 5-30 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10-40 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-25 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-35 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 15-45 parts of citric acid and 1-2 parts of water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-35 parts of seaweed, 10-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 7-20 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-30 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 20-40 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of seaweed, 15-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 25-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 8-12 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-15 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 25-35 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
Preferably, the seaweed is selected from one or more of brown algae, red algae and green algae.
The invention provides a preparation method of the seaweed polymer extracting solution, which comprises the following steps:
A) pulverizing seaweed, and cleaning to obtain pretreated seaweed;
B) mixing the pretreated seaweed with water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and digesting and extracting to obtain a primary extraction mixed solution;
C) mixing the primary extraction mixed solution with potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, extracting, adding sodium citrate, adjusting to neutrality, stirring, and centrifuging to obtain seaweed polymer extract.
Preferably, the step A) is ground to 20 meshes; the temperature for extracting in the step B) is 60-80 ℃; the extraction time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, the extraction time in the step C) is 1-2 h; the extraction temperature is 60-80 ℃; the stirring time is 1-1.5 h.
The invention provides a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
55-90 parts of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, 1.5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-5 parts of boric acid, 0.4-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15-2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4-5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2-3.0 parts of glycerol.
The invention provides a preparation method of a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, potassium persulfate, glutaraldehyde, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol, and heating and stirring to obtain the seaweed polymer extracting solution.
Preferably, the heating temperature is 55-75 ℃; the stirring time is 1-5 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-90 parts of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, 1.5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-5 parts of boric acid, 0.4-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15-2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4-5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2-3.0 parts of glycerol. The seaweed extract obtained by degradation under specific neutral conditions has higher content of effective components, the extract and other functional polymer materials are grafted, copolymerized and fully crosslinked, so that various components are organically combined to form the seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film, the water retention and heat preservation are facilitated, the temperature of heat preservation soil is improved by more than 3 ℃ in winter, the water retention rate is improved by more than 20%, the weed prevention rate is 50%, the seaweed extract can be completely degraded by microorganisms, and the seaweed biological water retention film is environment-friendly and has no residue.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mulch film according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the degradation of the mulching film according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a seaweed polymer extracting solution, a preparation method thereof and a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film, and a person skilled in the art can realize the seaweed polymer extracting solution by properly improving process parameters by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention provides a seaweed polymer extracting solution which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-40 parts of seaweed, 5-30 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10-40 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-25 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-35 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 15-45 parts of citric acid and 1-2 parts of water.
The components in parts by weight are calculated according to the mass percentage if the total amount is 100.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 10-40 parts by weight of seaweed; preferably 15 to 35 parts by weight; more preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 5-30 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate; preferably, the sodium bicarbonate comprises 10-25 parts by weight of sodium bicarbonate; more preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 10-40 parts by weight of sodium carbonate; preferably 15-35 parts by weight of sodium carbonate; more preferably 25 to 35 parts by weight.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 5-25 parts by weight of potassium tripolyphosphate; preferably, the potassium tripolyphosphate additive comprises 7-20 parts by weight of potassium tripolyphosphate; more preferably 8 to 12 parts by weight of potassium tripolyphosphate.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 5-35 parts by weight of sodium pyrophosphate; preferably, the sodium pyrophosphate is 5-30 parts by weight; more preferably, the sodium pyrophosphate is included by 5 to 15 parts by weight.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 15-45 parts by weight of citric acid; preferably, the citric acid comprises 20-40 parts by weight of citric acid; more preferably, the citric acid is 25 to 35 parts by weight.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises 1-2 parts of water; preferably comprising 1 part of water.
The weight ratio of the seaweed to the water is 10: 1-40: 1; preferably 15:1 to 25: 1.
The sources of the above components are not limited in the present invention, and they are commercially available.
In a part of the preferred embodiments of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-35 parts of seaweed, 10-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 7-20 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-30 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 20-40 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
In a part of the preferred embodiments of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of seaweed, 15-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 25-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 8-12 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-15 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 25-35 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
According to the present invention, the seaweed is preferably selected from one or more of brown algae, red algae and green algae.
Further preferably, the seaweed is dried seaweed of one or more of brown algae.
Wherein the seaweed adopted in the method is natural wild or artificial cultivation.
The invention provides a preparation method of the seaweed polymer extracting solution, which comprises the following steps:
A) crushing and cleaning seaweed to obtain pretreated seaweed;
B) mixing the pretreated seaweed with water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and digesting and extracting to obtain a primary extraction mixed solution;
C) mixing the primary extraction mixed solution with potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, extracting, adding sodium citrate, adjusting to neutrality, stirring, and centrifuging to obtain seaweed polymer extract.
The preparation method of the seaweed polymer extracting solution provided by the invention comprises the steps of crushing and cleaning seaweed to obtain pretreated seaweed.
The seaweed is pulverized preferably to 20 meshes.
Pulverizing the seaweed raw material into 20 meshes, and cleaning the seaweed with clear water for later use.
Mixing the pretreated seaweed with water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, digesting and extracting to obtain a primary extraction mixed solution.
The quality and proportion of the seaweed, the sodium bicarbonate, the sodium carbonate, the potassium tripolyphosphate, the sodium pyrophosphate, the citric acid and the water are clearly described in the invention, and are not described in detail herein.
The extraction is preferably carried out in an extraction tank, and the extraction temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃; more preferably 60 ℃ to 75 ℃; the extraction time is 2-3 h.
And mixing the primary extraction mixed solution with potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate for extraction.
The extraction time is preferably 1-2 h; the extraction temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃; more preferably 60 ℃ to 75 ℃;
the liquid obtained above is adjusted to neutrality by adding citric acid. The pH value of the neutral pH-adjusted aqueous solution is 7.
Then stirring and centrifuging to obtain the seaweed macromolecule extracting solution.
The stirring time is 1-1.5 h.
The centrifugation is preferably carried out in a centrifuge, and the rotation speed of the centrifugation is preferably 3000 r/min. The time is preferably 30 min.
According to the invention, the addition of the sodium carbonate, the sodium bicarbonate, the potassium tripolyphosphate, the sodium pyrophosphate and the citric acid enables the seaweed to be degraded under a neutral condition, so that effective substances are well reserved, and the water retention performance and the protection performance are facilitated.
The invention realizes the addition of a large amount of seaweed additives (the highest addition can reach 85-90 percent), and the used raw materials are more environment-friendly. The project has the innovation point of breaking through the composition proportion of the main raw materials of seaweed substances and a small amount of chemical reagents, and has the characteristics of high composite efficiency, ecological cleanness, process/use safety and the like. The multifunctional degradable black liquid mulching film technology helps to solve the problem of white pollution, remarkably solves the problem of pollution caused by a large number of plastic films, and achieves the purposes of increasing both production and income of agriculture and comprehensively utilizing resources. It not only has the functions of heat absorption, temp. raising, moisture preservation and seedling preservation of plastic mulch film, but also has strong adhesion capability, and can connect soil particles into ideal aggregate. The soil conditioner can be prepared by pressing soil into soil after being used in combination with the self-degradation of soil microorganisms into a promoting substance containing seaweed patent components, so that the pollution of the mulching film to the land and the environment is solved to a great extent, and the characteristic of integrating pesticides, fertilizers and agricultural films is added.
The invention provides a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
55-90 parts of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, 1.5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-5 parts of boric acid, 0.4-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15-2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4-5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2-3.0 parts of glycerol.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 55-90 parts by weight of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method; preferably 60 to 90 parts by weight; more preferably 65 to 90 parts by weight; most preferably 70 to 90 parts by weight; particularly preferably 75 to 90 parts by weight.
The seaweed extract prepared by the invention can be added with high content, and the performance of the mulching film is better improved.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 1.5-25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol; preferably 1.5 to 20 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol; more preferably 1.5 to 18 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol; most preferably 1.5 to 15 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.2-5 parts by weight of boric acid; preferably 0.5 to 4 parts by weight of boric acid; more preferably 1 to 3 parts by weight of boric acid; most preferably 1 to 2.5 parts by weight of boric acid.
The seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.4-3 parts by weight of potassium persulfate, preferably 0.5-2.5 parts by weight of potassium persulfate, and more preferably 0.5-2 parts by weight of potassium persulfate.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.15-2 parts by weight of glutaraldehyde; preferably 0.2 to 1.5 parts by weight of glutaraldehyde; more preferably 0.25 to 1.0 parts by weight; most preferably 0.25 to 0.8 parts by weight.
The seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.5-10 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch; preferably 1-8 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch; more preferably, the starch glue comprises 2-5 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch.
The seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.4-5.0 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; preferably 1 to 4.5 parts by weight; more preferably 1.25 to 4.25 parts by weight.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises 0.2-3.0 parts by weight of glycerol; preferably 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight of glycerol; more preferably 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight.
The sources of the above components are not limited in the present invention, and they are commercially available.
The seaweed polymer extracting solution is rich in natural active functional substances (alginic acid, seaweed polysaccharide, seaweed protein and the like), wherein the alginic acid not only has a passivation effect on heavy metals in soil and can prevent crops from absorbing the heavy metal ions, but also has strong water retention and fertilizer retention effects and can prolong the fertilizer efficiency; the seaweed polysaccharide is rich in immune stress resistance, can prevent diseases to a certain extent, and the seaweed protein is an effective carrier rich in amino structures and has a good promoting effect on the physiological development of crops.
In addition, the invention organically combines the seaweed macromolecule extracting solution and the functional macromolecule substance to form the seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film, has good use convenience and degradability, does not cause damage to crops, and is beneficial to crop water retention, heat preservation and the like.
The invention provides a preparation method of a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, potassium persulfate, glutaraldehyde, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol, and heating and stirring to obtain the seaweed polymer extracting solution.
The preparation method of the seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the invention comprises the steps of mixing seaweed polymer extracting solution, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, potassium persulfate, glutaraldehyde, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glycerol.
The sources of the above components are not limited in the present invention, and they are commercially available.
The invention has been described clearly for the mixture ratio of the above components, and is not limited herein.
The present invention is not limited to the specific mixing method, and those skilled in the art will be familiar with the mixing method.
The heating temperature is preferably 55-75 ℃; more preferably 60 ℃ to 70 ℃; the stirring time is preferably 1-5 h; more preferably 1-4 h; the most preferable time is 1-3 h.
Finally, the uniform and stable flowable colloidal solution is prepared.
The invention organically combines the seaweed polymer extracting solution with a small amount of grafting materials to form the environment-friendly degradable liquid mulching film, which is beneficial to specific use and solves the problems existing in the application of common mulching films.
The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film is an extremely uniform and stable yellow brown or black brown colloidal solution.
The invention provides a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-90 parts of the seaweed polymer extracting solution or the seaweed polymer extracting solution prepared by the preparation method, 1.5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-5 parts of boric acid, 0.4-3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15-2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4-5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2-3.0 parts of glycerol. The seaweed extract obtained by degradation under specific neutral conditions has higher content of effective components, the extract and other functional polymer materials are grafted, copolymerized and fully crosslinked, so that various components are organically combined to form the seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film, the water retention and heat preservation are facilitated, the temperature of heat preservation soil is improved by more than 3 ℃ in winter, the water retention rate is improved by more than 20%, the weed prevention rate is 50%, the seaweed extract can be completely degraded by microorganisms, and the seaweed biological water retention film is environment-friendly and has no residue.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mulch film according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the degradation of the mulching film according to the present invention.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe in detail a seaweed polymer extract, a preparation method thereof, and a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film provided by the present invention with reference to examples. The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional store unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Macromolecular substance content distribution in seaweed polysaccharide enzymolysis concentrated solution
Preparing a raw material seaweed extracting solution:
1) crushing 100 kg of seaweed raw material to 20 meshes; cleaning the seaweed with clear water for later use;
2) transferring the seaweed obtained in the step 1) into an extraction tank, adding a certain amount of water, simultaneously adding sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, controlling the temperature within 60 ℃, digesting and extracting for 2.5 hours.
3) Sequentially adding potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), and extracting for 1 hour under the condition of heat preservation;
4) adding citric acid into the liquid obtained in the step 3) to adjust the liquid to be neutral.
5) And (3) keeping the temperature of the liquid obtained in the step 4) and stirring for 1 hour, and stopping stirring.
6) Transferring the liquid obtained in the step 5) into a centrifugal machine, and centrifuging to obtain the product.
Example 2 preparation of the Water-retaining liquid mulching film of algae organism of the present invention
The preparation method of the seaweed liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
780 kg of the seaweed extract prepared by the method, 105 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 15 kg of boric acid, 5 kg of potassium persulfate, 2.5 kg of glutaraldehyde, 5 kg of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 37.5 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 5 kg of glycerol are treated and mixed for 1 hour at the temperature of 60 ℃ under the condition of high-speed stirring to prepare uniform and stable colloidal liquid.
Example 3
Preparing a raw material seaweed extracting solution:
1) crushing 100 kg of seaweed raw material to 20 meshes; cleaning the seaweed with clear water for later use;
2) transferring the seaweed obtained in the step 1) into an extraction tank, adding a certain amount of water, simultaneously adding sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, controlling the temperature within 65 ℃, digesting and extracting for 3 hours.
3) Sequentially adding potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), and extracting for 1.5 hours under the condition of heat preservation;
4) adding citric acid into the liquid obtained in the step 3) to adjust the liquid to be neutral.
5) And (3) keeping the temperature of the liquid obtained in the step 4), stirring for 1.5 hours, and stopping.
6) Transferring the liquid obtained in the step 5) into a centrifugal machine, and centrifuging to obtain the product.
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of the Water-retaining liquid mulching film of algae organism of the present invention
The preparation method of the seaweed liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
820 kg of seaweed extract prepared by the method, 65 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 kg of boric acid, 10 kg of potassium persulfate, 5 kg of glutaraldehyde, 30 kg of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 42.5 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 7.5 kg of glycerol are treated and mixed for 2 hours under the condition of high-speed stirring at the temperature of 70 ℃ to prepare uniform and stable colloidal solution.
Example 5
Preparing a seaweed extracting solution:
1) crushing 100 kg of seaweed raw material to 20 meshes; cleaning the seaweed with clear water for later use;
2) transferring the seaweed obtained in the step 1) into an extraction tank, adding a certain amount of water, simultaneously adding sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, controlling the temperature within 70 ℃, digesting and extracting for 3 hours.
3) Sequentially adding potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), and extracting for 2.5 hours under the condition of heat preservation;
4) adding citric acid into the liquid obtained in the step 3) to adjust the liquid to be neutral.
5) And (3) keeping the temperature of the liquid obtained in the step 4), stirring for 1.5 hours, and stopping.
6) Transferring the liquid obtained in the step 5) into a centrifugal machine, and centrifuging to obtain the product.
EXAMPLE 6 preparation of the Water-retaining liquid mulching film of algae organism of the present invention
The preparation method of the seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film comprises the following steps:
900 kg of seaweed extract prepared by the method, 15 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 kg of boric acid, 19 kg of potassium persulfate, 5 kg of glutaraldehyde, 25 kg of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 12.5 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 12.5 kg of glycerol are treated and mixed for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ under the condition of high-speed stirring to prepare uniform and stable colloidal liquid.
Comparative example 1
1) Preparing a seaweed extracting solution: crushing 100 kg of seaweed raw material to 20 meshes; cleaning the seaweed with clear water for later use;
2) transferring the seaweed obtained in the step 1) into an extraction tank, adding a certain amount of water, simultaneously adding sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, controlling the temperature within 60 ℃, digesting and extracting for 2.5 hours;
3) and (3) keeping the temperature of the liquid obtained in the step 2) and stirring for 1 hour, and stopping stirring.
4) Transferring the liquid obtained in the step 3) into a centrifugal machine, and centrifuging to obtain the product.
Comparative example 2
The remainder of the example 2 was the same as the digestant only, with the results as given in the following table:
comparative example 3
Comparative example 4
In the same manner as the rest of example 6, only the crosslinking agent was changed, and the results were as follows:
comparative example 5
In the same manner as the rest of example 4, only the lubricant was changed, and the results were as follows:
example 7 Effect verification of the Water-retaining liquid mulching film of seaweed organism of the present invention
The test is carried out in a complete growth cycle of the rape by taking the rape as a test crop, and the heat preservation and water retention performance and the weed prevention performance of the seaweed biological water retention liquid mulching film are verified.
1. Test design and determination
And (3) test crops: rape (variety 169, de gao), the basic situation is shown in table 1 below.
The mulching film is used as a main test object, and clear water is used as a reference (CK) for research to obtain relevant data of water retention, heat preservation and weed prevention.
TABLE 1 Effect of liquid mulch treatment on soil moisture (%)
From the above results, it can be seen that the water content of the soil treated by the liquid mulching film is significantly increased, and the liquid mulching film can increase the water content of the soil by more than 20% compared with the control. The water-retaining effect is achieved to a certain extent below common plough layer soil layers.
TABLE 2 influence of liquid mulch treatment on the temperature (. degree. C.) of the soil at the seedling stage of oilseed rape
From the results, the temperature of the soil under the mulch after the liquid mulch treatment is obviously improved, and can be improved by 3.5 ℃ at most.
TABLE 3 demonstration of liquid mulch treatment on weed control
From the above results, it was found that the suppression ratio of weeds by the treatment with the liquid mulching film was close to that by the covering with the ordinary mulching film.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The seaweed polymer extracting solution is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
10-40 parts of seaweed, 5-30 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10-40 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-25 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-35 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 15-45 parts of citric acid and 1-2 parts of water;
the seaweed is selected from one or more of brown algae, red algae and green algae;
the preparation method of the seaweed polymer extracting solution comprises the following steps:
A) crushing and cleaning seaweed to obtain pretreated seaweed;
B) mixing the pretreated seaweed with water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and digesting and extracting to obtain a primary extraction mixed solution;
C) mixing the primary extraction mixed solution with potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, extracting, adding sodium citrate, adjusting to neutrality, stirring, and centrifuging to obtain seaweed polymer extract.
2. The seaweed polymer extracting solution as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-35 parts of seaweed, 10-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 7-20 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-30 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 20-40 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
3. The seaweed polymer extracting solution as claimed in claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of seaweed, 15-25 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 25-35 parts of sodium carbonate, 8-12 parts of potassium tripolyphosphate, 5-15 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 25-35 parts of citric acid and 1 part of water.
4. A method for preparing the seaweed polymer extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
A) crushing and cleaning seaweed to obtain pretreated seaweed;
B) mixing the pretreated seaweed with water, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and digesting and extracting to obtain a primary extraction mixed solution;
C) mixing the primary extraction mixed solution with potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, extracting, adding sodium citrate, adjusting to neutrality, stirring, and centrifuging to obtain seaweed polymer extract.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pulverization in the step A) is to 20 mesh; the temperature for extracting in the step B) is 60-80 ℃; the extraction time is 2-3 h.
6. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein the extraction time of the step C) is 1-2 h; the extraction temperature is 60-80 ℃; the stirring time is 1-1.5 h.
7. The seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
55 to 90 parts of the seaweed polymer extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the seaweed polymer extract produced by the production method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, 1.5 to 25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2 to 5 parts of boric acid, 0.4 to 3 parts of potassium persulfate, 0.15 to 2 parts of glutaraldehyde, 0.5 to 10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.4 to 5.0 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.2 to 3.0 parts of glycerol.
8. A preparation method of a seaweed biological water-retaining liquid mulching film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the seaweed polymer extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the seaweed polymer extract prepared by the method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid, potassium persulfate, glutaraldehyde, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and glycerol, and heating and stirring the mixture.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the heating temperature is 55 ℃ to 75 ℃; the stirring time is 1-5 h.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105713620A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 陈一坚 | Liquid fertilizer mulching film with high water retention and method for preparing liquid fertilizer mulching film |
| CN108559336A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-21 | 安徽巢湖南方膜业有限责任公司 | A kind of production technology of degradable composite package film |
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| RU2240816C1 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2004-11-27 | Тихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии Дальневосточного отделения РАН | Method for complex processing brown algae for preparing preparations for medicine and cosmetology |
| US20080317926A1 (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-25 | Cp Kelco U.S., Inc. | Carrageenan Process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105713620A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 陈一坚 | Liquid fertilizer mulching film with high water retention and method for preparing liquid fertilizer mulching film |
| CN108559336A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-21 | 安徽巢湖南方膜业有限责任公司 | A kind of production technology of degradable composite package film |
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