CN112752891B - 机电锁芯 - Google Patents
机电锁芯 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112752891B CN112752891B CN201980038909.7A CN201980038909A CN112752891B CN 112752891 B CN112752891 B CN 112752891B CN 201980038909 A CN201980038909 A CN 201980038909A CN 112752891 B CN112752891 B CN 112752891B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
- E05B63/0056—Locks with adjustable or exchangeable lock parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B13/00—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used
- E05B13/005—Disconnecting the handle
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B13/00—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used
- E05B13/10—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used formed by a lock arranged in the handle
- E05B13/101—Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used formed by a lock arranged in the handle for disconnecting the handle
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
- E05B17/04—Devices for coupling the turning cylinder of a single or a double cylinder lock with the bolt operating member
- E05B17/044—Clutches, disengageable couplings
- E05B17/045—Clutches, disengageable couplings for keeping the rotor disconnected from the bolt actuating member, when being turned, e.g. forcefully, without the proper key
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
- E05B27/0042—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with additional key identifying function, e.g. with use of additional key operated rotor-blocking elements, not of split pin tumbler type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
- E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
- E05B47/0005—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being rotary movable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0615—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control operated by handles, e.g. by knobs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
- E05B47/0638—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by disconnecting the rotor
- E05B47/0642—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by disconnecting the rotor axially, i.e. with an axially disengaging coupling element
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B9/00—Lock casings or latch-mechanism casings ; Fastening locks or fasteners or parts thereof to the wing
- E05B9/08—Fastening locks or fasteners or parts thereof, e.g. the casings of latch-bolt locks or cylinder locks to the wing
- E05B9/084—Fastening of lock cylinders, plugs or cores
- E05B9/086—Fastening of rotors, plugs or cores to an outer stator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00896—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0015—Output elements of actuators
- E05B2047/0017—Output elements of actuators with rotary motion
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
- E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B2047/0094—Mechanical aspects of remotely controlled locks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B47/0012—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
公开了可互换机电锁芯,用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。可互换机电锁芯可以包括可移动塞,可移动塞具有相对于锁芯体的、与锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于锁芯体的、与锁装置处于解锁状态对应的第二位置。可互换机电锁芯可以包括可移动地耦接到锁芯体的芯保持部。芯保持部可以可定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超出锁芯体的包络,以将锁芯体保持在锁装置的开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于固持位置缩回以允许移除。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求2018年4月13日提交的、案卷号为BAS-0064-01-US、名称为“机电锁芯”的第62/657,578号美国临时申请和2019年4月5日提交的、案卷BAS-20180503-02-US、名称为“机电锁芯”的第62/829,974号美国临时申请的权益,其全部公开内容通过引用明确并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及锁芯,尤其涉及具有机电锁定系统的可互换锁芯。
背景技术
小型可互换芯(SFIC)可以用于经常需要更新钥匙的应用。SFIC可以被移除并替换为由不同钥匙启动的替代SFIC,所述钥匙包括相同规格的不同钥匙或使用替代钥匙格式的不同钥匙,如物理钥匙和访问凭证,如智能卡、接近卡、遥控钥匙、手机等。
发明内容
在实施例中,提供了可互换机电锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。可互换机电锁芯可以包括可移动塞,该可移动塞具有相对于锁芯体的、与锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于锁芯体的、与锁装置处于解锁状态对应的第二位置。可互换机电锁芯可以包括可移动地耦接到锁芯体的芯保持部。芯保持部可以可定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过锁芯体的包络,以将锁芯体保持在锁装置的开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于固持位置缩回以允许将锁芯体从锁装置的开口中移除。
在本公开的示例性实施例中,提供了可互换机电锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换锁芯。所述可互换锁芯包括:锁芯体,其具有前端和后端;可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑并且包括操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方;机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,并且在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述可移动塞解耦;以及致动器,其能够从所述锁芯体的外部访问。所述致动器独立于所述可移动塞地、操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部,以使所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动到所述移除位置。
在其示例中,所述致动器为机械致动器。在其示例中,所述致动器完全位于锁芯体的内部。在其变型中,所述致动器能够通过锁芯体中的开口访问。在其另一示例中,当操作员可致动输入装置耦接到锁芯体时,操作员可致动输入装置阻挡对锁芯体中的开口的访问。
在其另一示例中,所述可互换机电锁芯还包括控制套筒。所述可移动塞由所述控制套筒容纳。芯保持部从控制套筒延伸。所述致动器独立于芯保持部操作性地耦接到控制套筒。在其变型中,所述控制套筒包括第一部分齿轮,并且所述致动器包括第二部分齿轮,所述第一部分齿轮和第二部分齿轮相互啮合,以将致动器操作性地耦接到芯保持部。
在其另一示例中,所述机电控制系统包括第一阻挡件,所述第一阻挡件可定位在第一位置和第二位置中,在第一位置中,致动器无法将芯保持部从固持位置移动至移除位置,在第二位置中,致动器能够将芯保持部从固持位置移动至移除位置。在其变型中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器、由电子控制器驱动的马达、操作性地耦接到马达的电源以及离合器,在所述机电控制系统的所述第一配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在第一位置中以接合所述可移动塞,并且在所述机电控制系统的所述第二配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在与所述可移动塞分离的第二位置中。在其另一变型中,所述电子控制器、所述马达和所述电源中的每一者由所述操作员致动组件支撑。在其另一变型中,所述第一阻挡件可由离合器定位。在其另一变型中,所述第一阻挡件由离合器承载。在其另一变型中,在所述第一阻挡件处于所述第二位置的情况下,所述致动器将以两个自由度移动,以将所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动到所述移除位置。在其另一种变型中,所述两个自由度包括平移然后是转动。
在其另一示例中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器,所述电子控制器执行访问授权逻辑,以确定是允许还是拒绝第一者的移动。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,提供了一种可互换锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换锁芯。所述可互换锁芯包括:具有内部的锁芯体,所述锁芯体包括具有第一最大横向范围的上部、具有第二最大横向范围的下部以及具有第三最大横向范围的腰部,所述第三最大横向范围小于所述第一最大横向范围且小于所述第二最大横向范围,所述下部、所述上部和所述腰部形成所述锁芯体的包络,所述锁芯体具有前端和与所述前端相对的后端,所述前端包括前面;可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的所述内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的所述后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑,所述操作员可致动组件包括延伸到所述锁芯体的所述内部中的基座和操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方并且由所述基座支撑;机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,并且在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述可移动塞解耦;以及固持件,其在所述锁芯体的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间的位置处将所述操作员可致动组件耦接到所述锁芯体。
在其示例中,所述锁芯体包括开口,并且所述操作员可致动组件的基座包括凹槽,所述固持件位于锁芯体的开口和操作员可致动组件的凹槽中。在其变型中,所述凹槽为周向凹槽,且所述固持件允许操作员可致动组件绕可移动塞轴线自由转动。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,提供了一种可互换机电锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换锁芯。所述可互换锁芯包括:具有内部的锁芯体,所述锁芯体包括具有第一最大横向范围的上部、具有第二最大横向范围的下部以及具有第三最大横向范围的腰部,所述第三最大横向范围小于所述第一最大横向范围且小于所述第二最大横向范围,所述下部、所述上部和所述腰部形成所述锁芯体的包络,所述锁芯体具有前端和与所述前端相对的后端,所述前端包括前面;可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的所述内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的所述后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑,所述操作员可致动组件包括操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方并且由所述锁芯体支撑,所述操作员可致动输入装置包括与所述可移动塞轴线相交的旋钮部和从所述旋钮部向外延伸的拇指凸耳;和机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,并且在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述可移动塞解耦。
在其示例中,所述旋钮部关于可移动塞轴线转动对称。在其另一示例中,所述旋钮部的第一部是基座的第一部,所述基座的第二部位于锁芯体的内部,并且旋钮部的第二部是由基座支撑的盖。在其变型中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器、由所述电子控制器驱动的马达以及操作性地耦接到所述马达的电源,所述电子控制器、所述马达和所述电源中的每一者由所述操作员可致动组件的所述基座支撑。在其另一变型中,所述旋钮部限制电源和电子控制器。在其另一变型中,所述机电控制系统包括离合器,在所述机电控制系统的所述第一配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在第一位置中以接合所述可移动塞,并且在所述机电控制系统的所述第二配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在与所述可移动塞分离的第二位置中。在其另一变型中,所述电源与可移动塞轴线相交。
在其另一示例中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器、由所述电子控制器驱动的马达以及操作性地耦接到所述马达的电源,所述电子控制器、所述马达和所述电源中的每一者由所述操作员可致动组件支撑。在其变型中,当机电控制系统处于第二配置时,操作员可致动组件绕可移动塞轴线自由旋转。在其另一变型中,所述机电控制系统包括离合器,在所述机电控制系统的所述第一配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在第一位置中以接合所述可移动塞,并且在所述机电控制系统的所述第二配置中,所述离合器可由所述马达定位在与所述可移动塞分离的第二位置中。
在其另一示例中,当机电控制系统处于第二配置时,操作员可致动输入装置绕可移动塞轴线自由旋转。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,提供了一种访问具有操作员可致动组件的可互换锁芯的芯保持部的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:通过非接触的方法移动固持件,所述固持件将所述操作员可致动组件的操作员可致动输入装置的第一部耦接到所述操作员可致动组件的第二部;和至少使所述操作员可致动输入装置的所述第一部远离所述锁芯移动,以提供对操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部的致动器的访问。
在其示例中,所述移动步骤包括:将多个磁体定位在操作员可致动输入装置附近。在其变型中,所述操作员可致动输入装置包括旋钮部,并且将所述多个磁体定位在所述操作员可致动输入装置附近的步骤包括:围绕所述旋钮部周围放置环的步骤,所述环支撑所述多个磁体。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,提供了一种可互换机电锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换锁芯。所述可互换锁芯包括:锁芯体,其具有前端和后端;可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑并且包括操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方;机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部,并且在第三配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述可移动塞和所述芯保持部两者解耦,其中所述机电控制系统在所述第一配置、所述第二配置和所述第三配置之间自动转换。
在其示例中,在机电控制系统的第二配置中,操作员可致动输入装置还操作性地耦接到可移动塞。在其另一示例中,所述机电控制系统包括马达和控制元件,所述控制元件在所述机电控制系统处于所述第一配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的前面的第一位置,在所述机电控制系统处于所述第二配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的所述前面的第二位置,并且在所述机电控制系统处于所述第三配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的所述前面的第三位置。在其变型中,所述可移动塞的所述前面在所述锁芯体的所述前端和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间;并且在所述控制元件的所述第一位置、所述控制元件的所述第二位置和所述控制元件的所述第三位置中的至少一个位置中,所述控制元件的端部位于所述可移动塞的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间。在其另一变型中,在所述控制元件的所述第一位置、所述控制元件的所述第二位置和所述控制元件的所述第三位置中的多个位置中,所述控制元件的所述端部位于所述可移动塞的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间。
在其另一示例中,所述机电锁芯还包括控制套筒。可移动塞由控制套筒容纳,且芯保持部从控制套筒延伸。在其变型中,所述机电控制系统包括定位在所述可移动塞内的凸轮构件,所述凸轮构件能够从第一位置移动到第二位置,在所述第一位置中,所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述控制套筒操作性地解耦,在所述第二位置中,所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述控制套筒。在其另一变型中,所述凸轮构件沿可移动塞轴线从凸轮构件的第一位置直线地平移到凸轮构件的第二位置。在其另一变型中,所述控制元件使凸轮构件从凸轮构件的第一位置移动到凸轮构件的第二位置。在其另一变型中,所述凸轮构件相对于可移动塞从凸轮构件的第一位置转动到凸轮构件的第二位置。在其另一变型中,所述控制元件使凸轮构件从凸轮构件的第一位置移动到凸轮构件的第二位置。在其另一变型中,所述凸轮构件绕垂直于可移动塞轴线的轴线转动。
在其另一示例中,所述锁芯体包括具有第一最大横向范围的上部、具有第二最大横向范围的下部以及具有第三最大横向范围的腰部,所述第三最大横向范围小于第一最大横向范围且小于第二最大横向范围,所述下部、上部和腰部形成锁芯体的包络。
在本公开的另一示例性实施例中,提供了一种可互换锁芯,其用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用。所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换锁芯。所述可互换锁芯包括:锁芯体,其具有前端和后端;可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑并且包括操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方;机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部,并且在第三配置中将所述操作员可致动输入装置与锁塞和所述芯保持部两者解耦;所述机电控制系统包括马达和控制元件,所述控制元件在所述机电控制系统处于所述第一配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的前面的第一位置,在所述机电控制系统处于所述第二配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的所述前面的第二位置,并且在所述机电控制系统处于所述第三配置时被所述马达驱动到相对于所述可移动塞的所述前面的第三位置。
在其示例中,所述可移动塞的所述前面在所述锁芯体的所述前端和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间;并且在所述控制元件的所述第一位置、所述控制元件的所述第二位置和所述控制元件的所述第三位置中的至少一个位置中,所述控制元件的端部位于所述可移动塞的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间。在其变型中,在所述控制元件的所述第一位置、所述控制元件的所述第二位置和所述控制元件的所述第三位置中的多个位置中,所述控制元件的所述端部位于所述可移动塞的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间。在其另一变型中,所述可移动塞的所述前面在所述锁芯体的所述前端和所述锁芯体的所述后端之间;并且在所述控制元件的所述第一位置、所述控制元件的所述第二位置和所述控制元件的所述第三位置中的至少一个位置中,所述控制元件的端部位于所述可移动塞的所述前面和所述锁芯体的所述前端之间。
在其另一示例中,所述机电锁芯还包括控制套筒。可移动塞由控制套筒容纳。芯保持部从控制套筒延伸。在其变型中,所述机电控制系统包括定位在所述可移动塞内的凸轮构件,所述凸轮构件能够从第一位置移动到第二位置,在所述第一位置中,所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述控制套筒操作性地解耦,在所述第二位置中,所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述控制套筒。在其另一变型中,所述凸轮构件沿可移动塞轴线从凸轮构件的第一位置直线地平移到凸轮构件的第二位置。
附图说明
通过参照以下结合附图对示例性实施例的描述,本公开的上述和其他特征和优点及其实现方式将变得更加明显,并且将得到更好的理解,在附图中:
图1示出了机电锁芯的前立体图;
图2示出了图1的机电锁芯的后立体图;
图3示出了图1的机电锁芯的左视图;
图4示出了图1的机电锁芯的右视图;
图5示出了图1的机电锁芯的主视图;
图6示出了图1的机电锁芯的后视图;
图7示出了图1的机电锁芯的俯视图;
图8示出了图1的机电锁芯的仰视图;
图9示出了图1的机电锁芯的分解的前立体图,用于装配到以局部切断示出的锁筒;
图9A示出了图9的锁筒的局部剖视图,示出了锁筒的示例性固持件;
图10示出了图9的机电锁芯和锁筒的分解的后立体图;
图11示出了图9的机电锁芯和锁筒的前立体图,其中机电锁芯装配到锁筒;
图12示出了图9的机电锁芯和锁筒的后立体图,其中机电锁芯装配到锁筒;
图13示出了图1的机电锁芯的锁芯体的包络的示意图;
图14示出了图1的机电锁芯的锁芯组件的分解的后立体图;
图15示出了图1的机电锁芯的操作员可致动组件和离合器组件的分解的前立体图;
图16示出了图1的机电锁芯的操作员可致动组件和离合器组件的分解的后立体图;
图17示出了图15和图16的离合器组件的分解的前立体图;
图18示出了图1的机电锁芯沿图1的线18-18的剖视图,其中图17的离合器组件与图14的锁芯组件的锁致动器塞分离;
图19示出了图18的剖视图的详细视图;
图20示出了图18的剖视图,其中离合器组件与锁致动器塞接合;
图20A示出了图20的局部剖视图,其中磁性移除工具位于操作员可致动组件的操作员可致动输入装置周围,以使固持件移动,以允许移除操作员可致动输入装置;
图21示出了沿着图1的线18-18的图1的剖视图,其中操作员可致动组件的电池和操作员可致动输入装置被移除,并且操作员可致动组件转动以将操作员可致动组件中的通道与图14的锁芯组件的锁芯体中的通道对齐;
图22示出了图21的剖视图,其中工具被插入到操作员可致动组件的通道和锁芯体的通道中,并且与图14的锁芯组件的控制组件的致动器接合;
图23示出了控制组件的致动器朝向锁芯体的后部移位的图22的剖视图;
图24示出了与图23的布置相对应的图1的机电锁芯的局部切断图;
图25示出了图17的剖视图,其中离合器组件与锁致动器塞接合;
图26示出了与图25的布置相对应的图1的机电锁芯的局部切断图;
图27示出了图25和图26的布置,其中控制组件的致动器转动以将机电锁芯的芯保持部从图24的伸出位置移动到所示的缩回位置;
图28示出了图1的机电锁芯沿图26的线28-28的剖视图,其中芯保持部处于伸出位置;
图29示出了图5的机电锁芯沿图27的线29-29的剖视图,其中芯保持部处于缩回位置;
图30示出了图1的机电锁芯的侧立体图;
图31是图30的机电锁芯的分解图;
图32是图30的机电锁芯的沿图30的线32-32获取的剖视图;
图33是示例性机电锁芯和操作员装置的代表性视图;
图34是机电锁芯的控制序列的代表性视图;
图35示出了另一机电锁芯的后立体图;
图36示出了图35的机电锁芯的俯立体图;
图37示出了图32的机电锁芯的沿着图35的线37-37获取的剖视图,其中所述机电锁芯处于锁定状态并且具有分离的离合器;
图38示出了机电锁芯的沿图35的线37-37获取的剖视图,其中所述机电锁芯处于解锁状态并且具有接合的离合器;
图39示出了机电锁芯的沿图35的线37-37获取的剖视图,其中所述机电锁芯处于可缩回状态并且具有分离的离合器;
图40示出了机电锁芯的沿图35中线40-40获取的局部剖视图,其中芯保持部处于伸出位置中;
图41示出了机电锁芯的沿着图35中线40-40获取的局部剖视图,其中芯保持部处于缩回位置中;
图42示出了机电锁芯的沿着图35的线37-37获取的剖视图,其中机电锁芯具有处于控制配置的锁组件和接合的离合器;
图43示出了机电锁芯的沿着图35的线37-37获取的剖视图,其中机电锁芯具有处于控制配置的锁组件和分离的离合器;
图44示出了机电锁芯的沿图38的线44-44获取的剖视图;
图45示出了大型机电可互换芯的侧立体图,其包括图1的机电锁芯的操作员可致动组件;
图46示出了图45的大型机电可互换芯的分解图;
图47示出了图45的大型机电可互换芯的锁芯组件的分解图;
图48示出了图45的大型机电可互换芯的沿图45的线48-48获取的剖视图;
图49示出了另一机电锁芯的后立体图;
图50示出了图32的机电锁芯的分解图;
图51示出了图32的机电锁芯的锁芯组件的分解图;
图52示出了图49的机电锁芯的沿着图49的线52-52获取的剖视图,所述机电锁芯处于锁定状态并且具有分离的离合器;
图53示出了图49的机电锁芯的沿图49的线52-52获取的剖视图,所述机电锁芯处于解锁状态并且具有接合的离合器;
图54示出了图49的机电锁芯的沿图49的线54-54获取的剖视图,其中芯保持部处于伸出位置中;
图55示出了图49的机电锁芯的沿图49的线54-54获取的剖视图,其中芯保持部处于缩回位置中;
图56示出了图49的机电锁芯的沿着图49的线52-52获取的剖视图,所述机电锁芯具有处于控制配置的锁组件和接合的离合器;和
图57示出了图49的机电锁芯的局部分解图。
在多个视图中,相应的附图标记表示相应部分。本文列出的示例说明了本发明的示例性实施例,并且这种示例不应被解释为以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
为了促进对本公开的原理的理解,现在参照下面描述的附图中所示的实施例。本文所公开的实施例不旨在为详尽全面的或将本公开限制为在以下详细描述中公开的精确形式。相反,选择和描述实施例以便本领域技术人员可以利用其教导。因此,不旨在因此限制本公开的范围。在多个视图中,相应的附图标记表示相应部分。
术语“耦接”、“被耦接”、“耦接器”及其变型用于包括以下两种布置,即两个或更多个部件直接物理接触的布置和两个或更多个部件彼此不直接接触(例如,部件通过至少第三部件“耦接”)但仍然彼此配合或彼此作用的布置。
在本公开和权利要求书中的一些示例中,数字术语(例如第一、第二、第三和第四)用于指代各种部件或特征。这种用法并不旨在表示部件或特征的顺序。相反,数字术语用于帮助读者识别所指代的部件或特征,并且不应狭义地解释为提供部件或特征的特定顺序。
参照图1-6,机电锁芯100包括芯组件102和操作员致动组件104。.如本文中更详细解释的,在某些配置中,操作员致动组件104可以被致动以使芯组件102的锁致动器塞106(见图14)围绕其纵向轴线108转动。此外,操作员致动组件104可以定向为允许访问控制组件176(见图14),以使芯组件102的芯保持部110相对于芯组件102的芯体112移动。
参照图2,锁致动器塞106包括多个(例如两个)凹部114形式的锁接口,当芯组件102被容纳在锁筒122的凹部124中时,所述凹部容纳锁筒122的锁销120,如图9中所示。在实施例中,锁致动器塞106的锁接口可以包括一个或更多个凸部、一个或更多个凹部,或者一个或更多个凸部和一个或更多个凹部的组合。此外,锁接口可以设置为耦接到锁致动器塞106的一个或更多个部件的一部分。锁销120又耦接到锁筒122的凸轮构件126(见图10),所述凸轮构件可通过锁销120相应的转动而转动。如本领域中已知的,凸轮构件126又可以耦接到锁系统,例如门锁的闩栓、挂锁的柄或其他合适的锁系统。
当芯组件102被容纳在锁筒122的凹部124中时,芯保持部110位于第一位置,在该第一位置中,所述芯保持部被容纳在锁筒122的内壁130中的凹部128(见图9A)中,以固持芯组件102或以其他方式防止在芯保持部110不移动到第二位置的情况下将芯组件102从锁筒122移除,在该第二位置中,芯保持部110未被容纳在锁筒122的凹部128中。此外,芯组件102定位成通常与锁筒122的前表面132齐平。
在所示的实施例中,芯体112限定“8”字型轮廓(见图9和图10),该“8”字型轮廓被容纳在锁筒22(见图9和图10)的对应“8”字型轮廓中。所示的“8”字型轮廓被称为小型可互换芯(“SFIC”)。芯体112的尺寸和形状也可以设置为与大型可互换芯(“LFIC”)(见图48-50)和其他已知芯兼容。
参照图13,芯组件102包括具有第一最大横向范围(di)的上部134、具有第二最大横向范围(d2)的下部136和具有第三最大横向范围(d3)的腰部138。第三最大横向范围(d3)小于第一最大横向范围(di)且小于第二最大横向范围(d2)。具有满足第一最大横向范围(di)、第二最大横向范围(d2)和第三最大横向范围(d3)的关系的纵向形状的示例性可互换锁芯包括小型可互换芯(SFIC)、大型可互换芯(LFIC)和其他合适的可互换芯。在替代实施例中,芯组件102可具有不满足第一最大横向范围(di)、第二最大横向范围(d2)和第三最大横向范围(d3)的关系的纵向形状。
当芯保持部110被容纳在芯体112的包络内时,芯体112可相对于锁筒122沿方向162沿纵向轴线108平移,以将芯体112(芯体112具有“8”字型轮廓)从锁筒122移除,并且当芯保持部110在锁筒122的凹部128中、至少部分位于芯体112的包络之外时,芯体112不可相对于锁筒122沿纵向轴线108平移而将芯体112从锁筒122移除(见图9A)。
尽管机电锁芯100被示出为与锁筒122一起使用,但是机电锁芯100可与多个锁系统一起使用,以提供限制耦接的锁系统的操作的锁定装置。示例性锁系统包括门把手、挂锁和其他合适的锁系统。此外,尽管操作员致动组件104被示出为包括大致圆柱形的旋钮,但是可以使用其他用户可致动的输入装置,包括手柄、杆和用于与操作员交互的其他合适的装置。
转向图14,更详细地描述了芯组件102的部件。芯组件102的芯体112包括上腔140和下腔142。下腔142包括锁致动器塞106,锁致动器塞被容纳穿过芯体112的后面144。上腔140包括控制组件176。
锁致动器塞106通过固持件146而相对于芯体112被固持。固持件146维持锁致动器塞106沿轴线108的纵向位置,同时允许锁致动器塞106绕纵向轴线108转动。在所示实施例中,固持件146是C形夹148,其被容纳在锁致动器塞106的凹槽150中。如图19中所示,C形夹148被容纳在芯体112的面154和芯体112的面158之间的、芯体112的开口152中。
回到图14,控制套筒166被容纳在芯体112的下部136的开口164中。控制套筒166具有带中心通孔168的大致圆形的形状。锁致动器塞106被容纳在控制套筒166的孔168内,如图19中所示。控制套筒166还支撑芯保持部110。控制套筒166还包括部分齿轮170。控制套筒166、芯保持部110和部分齿轮170示出为整体部件。在实施例中,芯保持部110和部分齿轮170中的一个或更多个是耦接到控制套筒166的分离组件。
芯体112的上腔140容纳控制组件176。如本文中更详细解释的,控制组件176限制对芯保持部110的访问并控制其移动。控制组件176包括致动器180、偏置构件182和帽184。示例性偏置构件182是压缩弹簧,且帽184是球。偏置构件182的第一端接触帽184,且偏置构件182的第二端被容纳在致动器180的凸部196之上(见图18)。在实施例中,凸部196是可选的,并且偏置构件182抵靠致动器180的端部。致动器180还包括工具接合部200,其与设置在芯体112的前端190中的通道202对齐。
致动器180、偏置构件182和帽184从容纳锁致动器塞106的、芯体112的后端192插入上腔140中。帽184通过后端192被按压,并邻接上腔140的后端,上腔的后端具有凸部188(见图2和图6),以固持帽184。
致动器180还包括与控制套筒166的部分齿轮170相互啮合的部分齿轮210。参照图28,示出了致动器180的部分齿轮210与控制套筒166的部分齿轮170相互啮合,并且芯保持部110处于伸出位置。通过使致动器180沿方向212逆时针转动,控制套筒166沿方向214顺时针转动至释放位置,在该释放位置中,可以将机电锁芯100从锁筒122移除。例如,在释放位置中,芯保持部110缩回到芯组件102的包络中,如图29中所示。通过使致动器180沿方向214顺时针转动,控制套筒166沿方向212逆时针转动至固定或固持位置,在该固定或固持位置中,不可以将机电锁芯100从锁筒122移除。例如,在固定位置中,芯保持部110延伸超过芯组件102的包络,如图28中所示。如图25中所示并在本文中更详细解释的,通过通道202插入工具204以接合工具接合部200,以使致动器180沿方向160平移,并且使致动器180沿方向212(见图29)绕轴线206转动以缩回芯保持部110。
参照图18,锁致动器塞106包括锁致动器塞106的前端252上的接合接口250。接合接口250包括多个接合特征256,例如凹部,该多个接合特征与操作员致动组件104的可移动离合器300的接合接口254的多个接合特征258(例如凸部)配合。通过包括多个互锁凸部和凹部,如示出的实施例中所示,离合器300可以具有相对于锁致动器塞106、绕纵向轴线108的多个转动位置,其中离合器300的接合特征258可以接合锁致动器塞106的接合特征256。在其他实施例中,接合特征256可以是凸部,或者凹部和凸部的组合,并且接合特征258会具有互补凹部,或者互补凹部和凸部的组合。在其他实施例中,锁致动器塞106的接合特征256和可移动离合器300的接合特征258可以是大致平坦的摩擦表面,这些摩擦表面在保持接触时耦接离合器300和锁致动器塞106以一起转动。
如本文中更详细解释的,可移动离合器300能够沿纵向轴线108在方向160和方向162上、在第一位置(在第一位置中,可移动离合器300的接合接口254与锁致动器塞106的接合接口250分离)和第二位置(在第二位置中,可移动离合器300的接合接口254与锁致动器塞106的接合接口250接合)之间移动。可移动离合器300的移动由电动马达302控制,如本文中更详细描述的。在第一位置中,操作员致动组件104与锁致动器塞106操作性地解耦,并且操作员致动组件104绕纵向轴线108的转动不会导致锁致动器塞106绕纵向轴线108转动。在第二位置中,操作员致动组件104与锁致动器塞106操作性地耦接,并且操作员致动组件104绕纵向轴线108的转动会导致锁致动器塞106绕纵向轴线108转动。
如图18中所示,可移动离合器300和电动马达302都是操作员致动组件104的一部分,该部分耦接到芯组件102,并且通过固持件304(例如C形夹)相对于芯组件102得到保持(见图31和32)。在实施例中,可移动离合器300和电动马达302中的一个或两个是芯组件102的一部分,并且当操作员驱动组件104耦接到芯组件102时,操作员致动组件104操作性地耦接到可动离合器300。
参照图15、16和18,示出了操作员致动组件104。操作员致动组件104包括基座310,该基座在杆314中具有凹部312,以容纳可移动离合器300。参照图16,基座310的杆314包括多个引导件320,该多个引导被容纳在可移动离合器300的通道322中。引导件320允许可移动离合器300相对于基座310沿纵向轴线108在方向160和方向162上移动,同时限制可移动离合器300相对于基座310的转动。
参照图15,基座310包括另一凹部330,如本文所解释的,该另一凹部容纳操作员致动组件104的、包括底座336的几个部件,所述底座包括容纳马达302的开口338。底座336稳定马达位置并支撑电气组件370。如图19中所示,当组装时,马达302的驱动轴340延伸穿过基座310的中心孔342。
参照图17,马达302通过控制销346操作性地耦接到可移动离合器300。控制销346具有螺纹内部通道348,该螺纹内部通道与马达302的驱动轴340的螺纹外表面接合。通过使马达302的驱动轴340绕纵向轴线108沿第一方向转动,控制销346沿方向160朝向锁致动器塞106前进。通过使马达302的驱动轴340绕纵向轴线108沿与第一方向相反的第二方向转动,控制销346沿方向162后退远离锁致动器塞106。偏置构件350(例如压缩弹簧)位于可移动离合器300的止动表面352和控制销346之间。
销354位于控制销346的横通道356中并且位于可移动离合器300中的纵长开口358中。销354防止控制销346随马达302的驱动轴340绕纵向轴线108转动,从而确保将驱动轴340绕纵向轴线108的转动移动转化为可移动离合器300沿纵向轴线108的平移移动,该平移移动或者是朝向锁致动器塞106或者是远离锁致动器塞106。纵长开口358是纵长的,以允许驱动轴340转动足够的量,而使:即使在可移动离合器300的接合特征258与锁致动器塞106的接合特征256不对齐时,可移动离合器300的接合特征258也坐落在锁致动器塞106的接合特征256中。在这种不对齐的情况下,驱动轴340的持续转动导致控制销346继续沿方向160前进并压缩偏置构件350。然后,操作员通过使操作员致动组件104绕纵向轴线108转动,将使可移动离合器300绕纵向轴线108转动,从而使可移动离合器300的接合特征258坐落在锁致动器塞106的接合特征256中,并且减轻偏置构件350的部分压缩。
回到图15和图16,操作员致动组件104还包括电气组件370,该电气组件包括第一电路板372,该第一电路板包括电子控制器374(见图33)、无线通信系统376(见图33)、存储器378(见图33)和其他电气部件。电气组件370还包括通过柔性电路382耦接到第一电路板372的第二电路板380。第二电路板380支撑用于电源390(例如电池)的负接触部384和正接触部386。第二电路板380还支撑电容传感器引线388,该电容传感器引线耦接到触敏电容传感器392,例如可从位于加利福尼亚州圣何塞市、邮编95134、198号Champion Court的Cypress Semiconductor Corporation获得的CAPSENSE传感器。
触敏电容传感器392直接位于操作员可输入装置394,例如旋钮盖(见图18)的后面。当操作员触摸操作员可致动输入装置394的外部396时,触敏电容传感器392感测由电子控制器374监视的触摸。将触敏电容传感器392放置于操作员可致动输入装置394后面的优点之一是:当操作员触摸操作员致动组件104时静电释放的重定向。
参照图18,当操作员致动组件104被组装时,第一电路板372和第二电路板380被定位在保护盖400的相对侧上。在实施例中,保护盖400由硬化材料制成,很难在该材料中钻孔以达到和转动锁致动器塞106。示例性材料包括沉淀硬化不锈钢、高碳钢或高锰钢。参照图15,保护盖400通过多个紧固件402(例如螺栓)固定到基座310,所述多个紧固件的轴穿过基座310中的开口404并螺纹连接到保护盖400的凸台406中。通过将保护盖400从基座310的底侧耦接到基座310,当将电源390从操作员致动组件104移除时,不可访问第一电路板372。超级电容器410也位于第一电路板372和保护盖400之间,并且操作性地耦接到马达302以驱动马达302。在实施例中,超级电容器410可位于保护盖400的另一侧。
电源390位于电池底座420中的开口418中。如图18中所示,电池底座420的优点之一是防止电池390接触电容传感器引线388和触敏电容传感器392。泡沫间隔件422还维持电源390和触敏电容传感器392之间的间隔关系。第二泡沫间隔件423被放置在超级电容器410和保护盖400之间。参照图16,电池底座420包括夹子424,该夹子被容纳在保护盖400的凹部426中,使得在不移除紧固件402的情况下无法将电池底座420从保护盖400移除,因为夹子424被基座310的斜面428保持在适当的位置(见图15)。
参照图16,操作员可致动输入装置394通过包括槽432的开口固持环430固定到电池底座420。槽432允许固持环430膨胀以增加固持环430的内部434的尺寸。在非膨胀状态下,固持环430适配在电池底座420的表面436之上,并且比电池底座420的固持件438具有相对于电池底座420的表面436突出的更小的径向范围,如图20中所示。此外,在非膨胀状态下,固持环430比操作员可致动输入装置394的固持件440具有更大的径向范围(见图16)。因此,当固持环430具有比电池底座420的固持件438小的径向范围时,操作员可致动输入装置394被固定到电池底座420。
参照图20A,工具450承载多个磁体452。在实施例中,工具450具有带中心开口454的圆形的形状,以容纳操作员可致动输入装置394。当磁体452被定位为与固持环430相邻时,磁体452使固持环430朝向磁体452向外膨胀。在一个实施例中,用工具450围绕操作员可致动输入装置394每隔30°放置磁体。磁体的定向围绕圆环交替(第一磁体,其北极更靠近操作员可致动输入装置394;接着是第二磁体,其南极更靠近操作员可致动输入装置394,等等)。这种膨胀导致固持环430的径向范围大于电池底座420的固持件438的径向范围。因此,可将操作员可致动输入装置394从电池底座420移除。
操作员致动组件104还包括传感器460(见图16),该传感器在离合器300处于图18的分离位置时向机电锁芯100的电子控制器374提供指示。在所示实施例中,传感器460是在第一臂462中具有光源并且在第二臂464中具有光学检测器的光学传感器。附件470(见图17)通过容纳在凹部474中的凸耳472耦接到离合器300。附件470包括中心开口476和支腿478,控制销346和驱动轴340延伸通过该中心开口,当离合器300处于图18的分离位置时,支腿位于传感器460的第一臂462和第二臂464之间。
回到图33,电子控制器374操作性地耦接到无线通信系统376。无线通信系统376包括针对诸如操作员装置500的其它无线装置收发通信信号所需的收发机和其它电路。在一个实施例中,无线通信系统376包括射频天线,并且通过诸如蓝牙网络或WIFI网络的无线射频网络与其他无线装置通信。
在实施例中,机电锁芯100与操作员装置500通信,而不需要与其他机电锁芯100通信。因此,机电锁芯100不需要维持与其它机电锁芯100的现有连接来操作。其中一个优点是,机电锁芯100不需要维持与其他机电锁芯100的网络通信,从而增加电池390的电池寿命。在其他实施例中,机电锁芯100维持与其它机电锁芯100的通信,并且是机电锁芯100的网络的一部分。示例性网络包括局域网和网状网络。
电气组件370还包括输入装置360。示例性输入装置360包括按钮、开关、杆、触摸显示器、按键和可以由操作员致动以向电子控制器370提供输入的其他操作员可致动装置。在实施例中,触敏电容传感器392是示例性输入装置,因为其提供了何时触摸操作员可致动输入装置394的指示。
一旦与操作员装置500建立了通信,则操作员装置500的各输入装置506可以被操作员致动以向电子控制器374提供输入。在一个实施例中,机电锁芯100需要在基于来自操作员装置500的通信采取动作之前致动或输入到机电锁芯100的输入装置360。要求在基于来自操作员装置500的通信采取动作之前致动或输入到机电锁芯100的输入装置360的优点之一在于,机电锁芯100不需要评估接近机电锁芯100的每个无线装置。相反,机电锁芯100可以利用致动或输入到输入装置360来开始收听来自操作员装置500的通信。如本文所述,在所示实施例中,操作员致动组件104用作输入装置360。操作员致动组件104电容性地感测到操作员致动组件104上或者靠近操作员致动组件104的操作员点击。
用于机电锁芯100的示例性输出装置362包括视觉输出装置、音频输出装置和/或触觉输出装置。示例性视觉输出装置包括灯、分段显示器、触摸显示器和用于向操作员装置500的操作员提供视觉提示或消息的其他合适装置。示例性音频输出装置包括扬声器、蜂鸣器、铃铛和用于向操作员装置500的操作员提供音频提示或消息的其他合适装置。示例性触觉输出装置包括振动装置和用于向操作员装置500的操作员提供触觉提示的其他合适装置。在实施例中,机电锁芯100从无线通信系统376向操作员装置500发送一个或更多个输出信号以在操作员装置500上显示。
在所示实施例中,机电锁芯100包括通过窗口364可见并且从机电锁芯100的操作员致动组件104的外部可见的多个灯(见图1和图2)。电子控制器374可基于机电锁芯100的状态改变灯的照度。例如,当拒绝访问以致动锁致动器塞106时,灯可以具有第一照明模式,当授权访问以致动锁致动器塞106时,灯可以具有第二照明模式,并且当已经授权访问以将机电锁芯100从锁筒122移除时,灯可以具有第三照明模式。示例性照度变化可以包括颜色、亮度、闪光与固体照明以及其他视觉可感知特征。
操作员装置500由操作员携带。示例性操作员装置500包括手机、平板电脑、个人计算装置、手表、徽章、饰品以及能够通过无线网络与机电锁芯100通信的、与操作员相关联的其他合适装置。示例性手机包括位于加利福尼亚州库比蒂诺无限环路1号(邮编95014)的苹果公司销售的IPHONE品牌手机和三星电子有限公司销售的GALAXY品牌手机。
操作员装置500包括电子控制器502、无线通信系统504、一个或更多个输入装置506、一个或更多个输出装置508、存储器510和电源512,所有这些都通过电路514电互连。在一个实施例中,电子控制器502是基于微处理器的,且存储器510是非暂时性计算机可读介质,其包括存储在其中的处理指令,所述处理指令可由操作员装置500的微处理器执行,以控制包括与机电锁芯100通信的、操作员装置500的操作。示例性非暂时性计算机可读介质包括随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(例如,EPROM、EEPROM或闪存)或能够存储信息的任何其他有形介质。
参照图34,电子控制器374执行控制阻挡件306的位置的访问授权逻辑430(见图26)。如本文更详细解释的,阻挡件306的位置控制机电锁芯100的芯保持部110是否可以从伸出位置(见图28)移动到缩回位置(见图29)。阻挡件306可由电动马达302定位在阻挡位置(见图24)或者释放位置(见图26),在阻挡位置中,芯保持部110不可以移动到图29的缩回位置,在释放位置中,芯保持部110可以移动到图29的缩回位置。
本文所使用的术语“逻辑”包括在一个或更多个可编程处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列、数字信号处理器、硬接线的逻辑或其组合上执行的软件和/或固件。因此,根据实施例,各逻辑可以任何适当的方式实现,并且将保持与本文所公开的实施例一致。另外,还可以认为包含逻辑的非暂时性机器可读介质388实施在任何有形形式的计算机可读载体内,例如固态存储器、磁盘以及光盘,其包含将致使处理器执行本文所述的技术的计算机指令和数据结构的适当集合。本公开设想了其他实施例,其中电子控制器374不是基于微处理器的,而是被配置成基于一组或更多组硬接线的指令来控制阻挡件306和/或机电锁芯100的其他部件的操作。此外,电子控制器374可以包含在单个装置内,或可以是联网在一起或以其他方式电连接以提供本文所述功能的多个装置。
如框522所表示的,电子控制器374接收操作员接口认证请求。在一个实施例中,操作员接口认证请求522是通过无线网络从操作员装置500接收的消息。在一个实施例中,操作员接口认证请求522是输入装置360中的一个或更多个输入装置的致动。如本文中更详细解释的,在一个实施例中,操作员致动组件104用作输入装置360。操作员致动组件104电容性地感测到操作员致动组件104上的或者靠近操作员致动组件104的操作员点击。
电子控制器374还接收与操作员装置500的操作员的身份和/或访问级别相关的认证标准524。在一个实施例中,认证标准接收自操作员装置500或者在电子控制器374和操作员装置500之间传送。在一个实施例中,已经向操作员装置提供所需认证标准(例如生物特征输入或密码)的指示被传送给电子控制器374。
基于操作员接口认证请求522和认证标准524的访问授权逻辑520确定是授权操作员装置500的操作员访问以将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置,还是拒绝操作员装置500的操作员访问以将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置。如果授权操作员装置500的操作员访问以将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置,则访问授权逻辑520启动马达302以将阻挡件306移动到释放位置(见图26),如框526所示。如果拒绝操作员装置500的操作员访问以将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置,则访问授权逻辑520将阻挡件306维持在阻挡位置(见图25),如框528所示。
此外,在实施例中,基于操作员接口认证请求522和认证标准524的访问授权逻辑520确定操作员装置500的操作员是被授权访问锁致动器塞106(所述锁致动器塞又致动所示实施例中的凸轮构件126),还是被拒绝访问锁致动器塞106。如果操作员装置500的操作员被授权访问锁致动器塞106,则访问授权逻辑520启动马达302以将离合器300移动到接合位置(见图20)。如果操作员装置500的操作员被拒绝访问以将离合器300移动到接合位置,则访问授权逻辑520将离合器300维持在分离位置(见图18)。
参照图18-29解释机电锁芯100的各操作。图18示出了其中离合器300处于分离位置的机电锁芯100的剖视图,其中离合器300的接合接口254与锁致动器塞106的接合接口250间隔开。图18是机电锁芯100的息止位置。在息止位置中,操作员致动组件104可绕纵向轴线108自由转动,并且在所示实施例中,为离合器300的一部分的阻挡件306防止为了将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置而致动致动器180。
参照图20,电子控制器374已确定,已经授权访问锁致动器塞106或访问以将芯保持部110移动到图29的缩回位置。作为响应,马达302将离合器300沿方向160移动到接合位置,在该接合位置中,离合器300的接合接口254与锁致动器塞106的接合接口250接合。该位置还对应于阻挡件306处于释放位置(见图26)。当离合器300沿方向160移动到图20中所示的位置时,操作员致动组件104绕纵向轴线108的转动导致锁致动器塞106绕纵向轴线108的转动。在实施例中,在预定时间段之后,电子控制器374将离合器300移回到图18中所示的位置。
如上所述,离合器300的接合位置对应于阻挡件306的释放位置。为了将芯保持部110从图28的伸出位置移动到图29的释放位置,操作员手动地致动致动器180。然而,如图20中所示,操作员致动组件104阻挡对致动器180的访问。通过移除操作员可致动输入装置394、触敏电容传感器392、泡沫间隔件422和电源390,可以获得对致动器180的访问。如本文所讨论且如图20A中所示,使用工具450作为子组件来移除操作员可致动输入装置394、触敏电容传感器392和泡沫间隔件422。
一旦操作员可致动输入装置394、触敏电容传感器392和泡沫间隔件422被移除,则可以将电源390从电池底座420移除。如果操作员仅被授权致动锁致动器塞106,则当电源390被移除时,电子控制器374利用存储在超级电容器410中的能量使离合器300返回到图18的位置。如果操作员已被授权致动芯保持部110,则当电源390被移除时,电子控制器374将离合器300留在图20的位置。
如图15、16和21中所示,第二电路板380包括孔550,第一电路板372包括凹部552,保护盖400包括孔554,底座336包括凹部556,且基座310包括共同形成通道564的孔560(见图21)。操作员致动组件104可根据需要转动,以使通道564与芯体112中的通道202对齐。
参照图22,工具204穿过通道564和通道202插入芯体112中,并与致动器180的工具接合部200接合。在一个实施例中,工具204是具有六角形轮廓的扳手,并且致动器180的工具接合部200具有对应的六角形轮廓。在图22中所示的致动器180的位置中,由于阻挡件211(见图24)接触基座310的杆314,因此致动器180不能绕轴线206转动足够的角度范围,以将芯保持部110缩回至图29的缩回位置。
通过对工具204沿方向160推动,致动器180可以抵着偏置构件182的偏置沿方向160平移到图23和24中所示的位置。在图23和图24中所示的位置中,由于阻挡件211(见图24)接触离合器300的阻挡件306,因此致动器180不能绕轴线206转动足够的角度范围,以将芯保持部110缩回到图29的缩回位置。在图23和图24中,离合器300处于分离位置,与访问授权逻辑520相对应,确定操作员没有将芯保持部110从图28的伸出位置移动到图29的缩回位置的访问权限。
相比之下,在图25和26中,访问授权逻辑520已确定操作员具有将芯保持部110从图28的伸出位置移动到图29的缩回位置的访问权限。因此,离合器300已经沿方向16上朝向锁致动器塞106向前平移。在离合器300的这个位置中,致动器180的阻挡件211可以沿方向212绕轴线206转动到阻挡件306后面的位置,如图27中所示。图27中的致动器180的位置对应于图29,其中芯保持部110处于缩回位置,允许将机电锁芯100从锁筒122移除。
在由于芯保持部110处于图28的伸出位置而机电锁芯100耦接到锁筒122时,操作员致动组件104不可以与芯组件102去耦,以提供对锁致动器塞106或致动器180的访问。参照图30-32,当机电锁芯100耦接到锁筒122时,固持件304位于锁筒122内、锁筒122的前表面132的后面。因此,不可以移除固持件304,直到授权用户使芯保持部110缩回到图29的缩回位置并将机电锁芯100从锁筒122移除为止。一旦移除,则可以将固持件304移除,并且将操作员致动组件104与芯组件102去耦。
参照图1,机电锁芯100的操作员致动组件104具有可被操作员抓住以转动操作员致动组件104的外表面外形。操作员可致动输入装置394包括前表面600和大致圆柱形的侧表面602。操作员可致动输入装置394与基座310配合,所述基座包括大致圆柱形的侧表面604和具有大致弓形的侧表面608和顶面610的拇指凸耳606。拇指凸耳606帮助操作员抓住操作员致动组件104并且使操作员致动组件104相对于芯组件102转动。操作员致动组件104可具有不同形状的外表面外形,可以包括多个凸耳606或不包括凸耳606。
参照图45-48,操作员致动组件104耦接到大型可互换芯(“LFIC”)900。芯900包括锁芯体、控制套筒904、芯保持部906和锁致动器塞910(见图47)。锁致动器塞910与锁致动器塞106一样,在接合以致动锁装置时,可以由操作员致动组件104转动。类似地,芯保持部906与芯保持部110一样,可以缩回以将锁芯900从锁筒移除。操作员致动组件104利用固持件920(例如,C形夹)耦接到芯900。
芯900包括控制组件950,该控制组件具有致动器952和工具接合部954。工具接合部954利用工具204以与机电锁芯100的致动器180相同的方式访问。致动器952的阻挡件958必须像图27中机电锁芯100的阻挡件211一样定位,以使致动器952转动,从而通过控制套筒904的部分齿轮964和致动器952的部分齿轮966的相互啮合而使控制套筒904转动。由于被容纳在芯保持部906中的开口972中的销970的移动,控制套筒904的转动将芯保持部906缩回到锁芯体902中。
参照图35和36,示出另一机电锁芯1100。机电锁芯1100包括耦接到操作员致动组件1104的芯组件1102。如本文更详细解释的,在某些配置中,操作员致动组件1104可被致动以使芯组件1102的芯塞组件1106(见图40)绕其纵向轴线1108转动,并且在某些配置中,操作员致动组件1104可被致动以使芯组件1102的芯保持部1110相对于芯组件1102的芯体1112移动。机电锁芯1100包括解锁状态和锁定状态。另外,芯组件1102包括常规配置和控制配置。在所示的示例性实施例中,芯体1112限定“8”字型轮廓(也见图40和41),该“8”字型轮廓被容纳在锁筒的对应“8”字型轮廓内。“8”字型轮廓被称为小型可互换芯(“SFIC”)。芯体1112的尺寸和形状也可以设置为与大型可互换芯(“LFIC”)和其他已知芯兼容。相应地,机电锁芯1100可与多个锁系统一起使用,以提供限制耦接的锁系统的操作的锁定装置。此外,尽管操作员致动组件1104被示出为包括大致圆柱形的旋钮,但是可以使用其他用户可致动的输入装置,包括手柄、杆和用于与操作员交互的其他合适的装置。
芯保持部1110可在图40中所示的伸出位置和图41中所示的缩回位置之间移动。当芯保持部1110处于伸出位置时,芯保持部1110至少部分地位于芯体1112的外包络之外。因此,机电锁芯1100在安装配置中固持在锁筒内。也就是说,芯保持部1110禁止通过直接施加的力将机电锁芯1100从锁筒移除。当芯保持部1110处于缩回位置时,芯保持部1110至少位于芯体1112的外包络内或完全位于芯体1112的外包络内。如图41中所示,芯保持部1110已经绕纵向轴线1108转动(见图42),并且已经被容纳在芯体1112的开口内。因此,可以将机电锁1100从锁筒移除或安装在锁筒内。
现在参照图37-44,更详细地示出了机电锁芯1100。操作员致动组件1104包括旋钮座1120、被容纳在旋钮座1120中的凹部内且由该凹部支撑的旋钮盖1126、由旋钮座1120支撑的马达1124、电耦接到马达1124的电池1122、包围电池1122、马达1124和旋钮座1120的至少一部分的旋钮盖1128。例如为固定螺钉的紧固件1129(见图37)相对于旋钮座1120保持旋钮盖1128,因此旋钮座1120和旋钮盖1128一起绕轴线1108转动。操作员致动组件1104还包括印刷电路板组件(“PCBA”)130。PCBA 1130电耦接到用于供电的电池1122并且通信地耦接到马达1124以控制马达1124的功能。在所示的示例性实施例中,马达1124是步进马达或能够进行位置控制(开环或闭环)的其他马达驱动器。电池1122可以示例性地为币形电池。另外,操作员致动组件1104包括用于与用户携带的电子凭证(例如与操作员装置500)进行无线通信的发送器和接收器。在所示的示例性实施例中,旋钮盖1128示例性地包括保护PCBA1130、发送器和接收器以及马达1124免受施加到旋钮盖1128的力和冲击的影响的防撬盖。在一个实施例中,旋钮盖1126利用从旋钮盖1126的、面向马达1124的下侧螺纹连接到旋钮盖1126中的紧固件耦接到旋钮座1120。
芯组件1102的芯体1112包括与纵向轴线1108同心布置的腔1140。腔1140容纳锁致动组件。锁致动组件包括芯塞组件1106、偏置构件1150、离合器1152、柱塞1156和离合器固持件1154。离合器1152可沿轴向方向1109、1110轴向移动,并且操作性地耦接到旋钮座1120,例如花键连接件(见图44)。离合器1152的第一端具有多个接合特征。离合器1152还包括中心通道,该中心通道容纳柱塞1156和偏置构件1150的至少一部分。柱塞1156包括基座部和从基座部沿轴向方向1110延伸的远端部。在所示的示例性实施例中,柱塞1156的基座部螺纹耦接到马达1124的驱动轴。因此,当马达1124致动时,柱塞1156可在中心通道内沿轴向方向1109、1110轴向移动。此外,柱塞1156响应于马达1124的驱动轴的转动移动而轴向移动。
离合器1152包括与中心通道同轴的中心开口,该中心通道至少允许柱塞1156的远端部通过。在所示的示例性实施例中,偏置构件1150将离合器1152沿轴向方向1110向芯塞组件1106偏置。离合器1152包括垂直于中心通道的槽1158。柱塞1156通过被容纳在槽1158中的离合器固持件1154轴向固持在离合器1152的中心通道内。因此,柱塞1156被固定到离合器1152,以限制相对于离合器1152的轴向移动。
芯塞组件1106包括芯塞体1160和控制套筒1164。芯塞体1160的第一端包括多个接合特征,该多个接合特征被配置成接合离合器1152的多个接合特征。具体地,离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征的对齐导致离合器1152与芯塞体1160接合。当柱塞1156沿轴向方向1110轴向移位时,离合器1152沿轴向方向1110类似地移位。如果离合器1152的接合特征与芯塞体1160的接合特征对齐,则接合特征将接合(见图38)。如果离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征未对齐,则多个接合特征将不会接合。然而,当离合器1152由于柱塞1156压缩偏置构件1150而“预加载”时,柱塞1156将继续沿轴向方向1110轴向移位(见图39)。由于离合器1152在操作期间响应于用户转动旋钮盖1128而转动,因此由于旋钮盖1128的转动,离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征将对齐。
控制套筒1164环绕芯塞体1160,并且支撑芯保持部1110,以在伸出位置和缩回位置之间转动。控制套筒1164可绕纵向轴线1108选择性地转动。更具体地,控制套筒1164绕纵向轴线1108的转动受到成堆销段1170、1172的约束。在所示的示例性实施例中,销段1170、1172相对于纵向轴线1108沿径向方向1180径向定位并且可沿径向方向1178、1179移动。偏置构件1176将销段1170、1172沿径向方向1179偏置(见图39)。
芯塞组件1106还包括具有波形轮廓的键片1178。键片1178可沿轴向方向1110、1109轴向移动。当芯组件1102进入控制模式时,与图38的常规配置相比,在图42的控制配置中,马达1124的驱动轴转动以使柱塞1156沿轴向1110进一步轴向移位。更具体地,柱塞1156沿轴向方向1110的足够轴向移位导致柱塞1156的远端部与键片1178接合。当键片1178沿轴向方向1110移位时,键片1178的波形轮廓的斜面部接合销段1172并且使销段1170、1172径向移位。因此,键片1178将柱塞1156的轴向移动转化为销段1170、1172的径向移动。
为了退出控制配置并返回常规配置,马达1124改变转动方向。当马达1124反转使得柱塞1156沿轴向方向1109轴向移位时,偏置构件1176沿径向方向1179的偏压力使键片1178沿轴向方向1109轴向移动。因此,键片1178可以与柱塞1156去耦。此外,当柱塞1156沿轴向方向1109移位时,离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征分离。在所示的示例性实施例中,马达1124在第一预设时间到期后反转。
当安装芯塞体1160或者将其从芯体1112移除时,键片1178沿轴向方向1110轴向移位,以使销段1170、1172沿径向方向1180径向移动。销段1170、1172沿径向方向1180的移位导致销段1170、1172的邻接表面与控制剪切线1190对齐(见图42)。控制剪切线1190由控制套筒1164的外表面与芯体1112的腔1140的内壁的界面限定。
操作剪切线1192(见图38)由芯塞体1160的外表面与控制套筒1164的内表面的界面限定。由于用户可以随时释放旋钮盖1128,因此操作剪切线1192被配置为即使在机电锁芯1100的锁定状态下也接合。然而,在离合器1152分离的情况下,旋钮盖1128自由旋转,并且用户无法使芯塞体1160转动。
图38示出了在离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征接合的情况下,处于解锁状态的机电锁芯1100的剖视图。在此,马达1124已经致动以使柱塞1156和离合器1152沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征接合,因为它们彼此对齐。马达1124沿方向1110对柱塞1156的致动不足以使键片1178沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。因此,销段1170、1172之间的界面保持在操作剪切线1192处,并且机电锁芯1100从锁定状态(离合器1152与芯塞1160间隔开)转换到解锁状态(离合器1152与芯塞1160接合)。用户转动旋钮盖1128将导致芯塞体1160的转动。
图39示出了在离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征分离的情况下,处于解锁状态的机电锁芯1100的剖视图。在此,马达1124已经致动以使柱塞1156和离合器1152沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征分离,因为它们彼此未对齐。因此,柱塞1156沿轴向方向1110的持续移位已经“预加载”偏置构件1150。当用户使旋钮盖1128绕纵向轴线1108转动时,离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征一旦它们彼此对齐就接合。马达1124尚未致动以使键片1178沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。因此,销段1170、1172之间的界面保持在操作剪切线1192处,并且机电锁芯1100从锁定状态转换到解锁状态。用户转动旋钮盖1128将导致离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征对齐并且使芯塞体1160转动。
图40示出了机电锁芯1100的局部剖视图,其中芯保持部1110位于伸出位置。因此,芯保持部1100延伸到芯体1112的外包络之外。此外,销段1170、1172之间的界面位于操作剪切线1192处。因此,芯塞体1160可以相对于控制套筒1164转动。
图41示出机电锁芯1100的局部剖视图,其中芯保持部1110处于缩回位置。因此,芯保持部1110至少进一步位于芯体1112的外包络之内。此外,销段1170、1172之间的界面位于控制剪切线1190处。因此,芯塞体1160和控制套筒1164一起绕纵向轴线1108转动。
图42示出了机电锁芯1100的剖视图,其中锁组件1102处于控制配置。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征接合。在此,马达1124已经致动以使柱塞1156和离合器1152沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征接合,因为它们彼此对齐。此外,马达1124已经致动以使键片1178沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。因此,销段1170、1172已经沿径向方向1180径向移位,直到销段1170、1172之间的界面处于控制剪切线1190处。因此,芯塞体1160和控制套筒1154可以绕纵向轴线1108一起转动并且将芯塞组件1106从芯体1112移除。
图43示出了机电锁芯1100的剖视图,其中锁组件1102处于控制配置。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征分离。在此,马达1124已经致动以使柱塞1156和离合器1152沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征分离,因为它们彼此未对齐。因此,柱塞1156沿轴向方向1110的持续移位已经“预加载”偏置构件1150。当用户使旋钮盖1128绕纵向轴线1108转动时,离合器1152和芯塞体1160的接合特征一旦它们彼此对齐就接合。
现在转到图44,示出了离合器1152和旋钮座1120之间的花键连接。由于这种花键连接,离合器1152转动地耦接到旋钮盖1128。此外,花键连接允许离合器1152沿轴向方向1109、1110轴向移位,并且传递用户施加到旋钮盖1128的扭矩。也就是说,离合器1152的接合特征不能与芯塞体1160的接合特征接合,除非马达1124致动以使柱塞1156沿轴向方向1110轴向移位。因此,碰撞旋钮盖1128不会导致离合器1152与芯塞体1160瞬时接合。
机电锁芯1100的优点之一是不需要机械工具来将芯组件1102从常规配置转换为或转化为控制配置。相反,机电锁芯1100只要求用户具有管理员特权。因此,简化了机电锁芯1100的安装和移除。其中另一个优点是机电锁芯1100的零件数量较少,这导致简化的制造。机电锁芯1100的其中另一个优点是由于没有载流移动部件而提高了可靠性。此外,没有滑动或转动接触部或滑环。相反,所有电子元件包含在操作员致动组件1104内,并且机械部件不是接地路径的一部分。
在所示的示例性实施例中,操作员致动组件1104由芯组件1102的整体式芯体1112支撑。整体式芯体1112的优点之一是抵抗垂直和正面碰撞。
参照图49-57,示出了另一示例性机电锁芯1200。机电锁芯1200包括耦接到操作员致动组件1204的芯组件1202。如本文更详细解释的,在某些配置中,操作员致动组件1204可被致动以使芯组件1102的锁芯塞1206绕其纵向轴线1208转动(见图52),并且在某些配置中,操作员致动组件1204可被致动以使芯组件1202的芯保持部1210相对于芯组件1202的芯体1212移动。
机电锁芯1200可配置为解锁状态和锁定状态。另外,芯组件1202可配置为常规配置和控制配置。在所示的示例性实施例中,芯体1212限定“8”字型轮廓(也见图54和55),该“8”字型轮廓被容纳在锁筒的对应“8”字型轮廓内。“8”字型轮廓被称为小型可互换芯(“SFIC”)。芯体1212的尺寸和形状也可以设置为与大型可互换芯(“LFIC”)和其他已知芯兼容。相应地,机电锁芯1200可与多个锁系统一起使用,以提供限制耦接的锁系统的操作的锁定装置。此外,尽管操作员致动组件1204被示出为包括具有拇指凸耳的大致圆柱形的旋钮,但是可以使用其他用户可致动的输入装置,包括手柄、杆和用于与操作员交互的其他合适的装置。
芯保持部1210可在图54中所示的伸出位置和图55中所示的缩回位置之间移动。当芯保持部1210处于伸出位置时,芯保持部1210至少部分地位于芯体1212的外包络之外。因此,机电锁芯1200在安装配置中固持在锁筒122中。也就是说,芯保持部1210禁止通过直接施加的力将机电锁芯1200从锁筒122移除。当芯保持部1210处于缩回位置时,芯保持部1210至少进一步位于芯体1212的外包络内或完全位于芯体1212的外包络内。如图55中所示,芯保持部1210已经绕纵向轴线1208转动,并且已经被容纳在芯体1212的开口内。因此,可以将机电锁1200从锁筒122移除或安装在锁筒内。
操作员致动组件1204与操作员致动组件104大致相同,除了操作员可致动基座1220与基座310相比具有不同的外部轮廓。此外,离合器300包括中心开口1228(见图50),柱塞1156取代控制销346延伸通过该中心开口。锁芯塞1206包括锁致动器塞106的接合接口250,该接合接口与离合器300的接合接口254配合,以使离合器300与锁芯塞1206接合。锁芯塞1206还包括中心孔1216,柱塞1156可延伸通过该中心孔。
与用于机电锁芯1100的离合器1152和柱塞1156的移动类似,机电锁芯1200的控制器374控制马达302使离合器300和柱塞1156移动。与机电锁芯100类似,电子控制器374使离合器300沿方向1250朝向锁芯塞1206前进,以使离合器300的接合接口254与锁芯塞1206的接合接口250接合。一旦接合,操作员可以使操作员致动组件1204绕纵向轴线1208转动,以致动锁装置,例如凸轮构件126,机电锁芯1200耦接到该致动锁装置。
与机电锁芯1100类似,芯保持部1210由控制套筒1216承载(见图51)。参照图51,芯体1212包括容纳中心孔1216和锁芯塞1206的腔1232。锁芯塞1206被进一步容纳在中心孔1216的内部1234内。参照图57,利用卡环1240将锁芯塞1206保持在芯体1212内,所述卡环被部分地容纳在锁芯塞1206中的凹部1242中并且位于芯体1212的固持件凸耳1244和固持件凸耳1246之间。以类似的方式,芯保持部1210包括凹部1250,卡环1252被部分地容纳在所述凹部中。卡环1252位于芯体1212的固持件凸耳1246和芯体1212的固持件凸耳1254之间,以相对于芯组件1202保持操作员致动组件1204。
控制套筒1216支撑芯保持部1210,以在伸出(见图54)和缩回(见图55)位置之间转动。控制套筒1216可绕纵向轴线1208选择性地转动。更具体地,控制套筒1216绕纵向轴线1208的转动由凸轮构件1280的位置控制。参照图51,凸轮构件1280位于锁芯塞1206的凹部1282中,并且利用销1284可转动地耦接到锁芯塞1206。凸轮构件1280包括被柱塞1156接触以使凸轮构件1280绕销1284转动的端部1284。凸轮构件1280的第二端1286通过中心孔1216中的开口1292接触销段1288。销段1288通过偏置构件1290(例如压缩弹簧)沿方向1294(见图52)被偏置。
参照图52,离合器300与锁芯塞1206分离,并且柱塞1156未接触凸轮构件1280的销1284。当电子控制器374确定操作员有权致动锁芯塞1206时,电动马达302将离合器300向前移动到接合位置,在该位置中,离合器300的接合接口254与锁芯塞1206的接合接口250接合,但是柱塞1156未接触凸轮构件1280的销1284(见图53)。在该位置中,操作员致动组件1204的转动引起锁芯塞1206的相应转动,而不是中心孔1216的转动。当电子控制器374确定操作员有权使芯保持部1210缩回时,马达302持续将柱塞1156相对于离合器300向前推动,导致柱塞1156接触凸轮构件1280的销1284,以使凸轮构件1280绕销1284转动,从而将销段1288推出中心孔1216中的开口1292,并且将第二端1286推入中心孔1216的开口1292中(见图55和56)。当第二端1286位于中心孔1216的开口1292中时,如图55和56中所示,锁芯塞1206耦接到中心孔1216。在此位置中,操作员致动组件1204的转动导致锁芯塞1206和中心孔1216的相应转动,从而将芯保持部1210缩回到图55中所示的位置。
机电锁芯1200还包括分度器1300(见图51)。在所示实施例中,分度器1300是围绕锁芯塞1206的多个凹部1302。当多个凹部中的凹部1302与销段1304所在的通道1302垂直对齐时,该凹部1302容纳销段1304。偏置构件1306将销段1304偏置到凹部1302中,并且向操作员提供锁芯塞1206的转动位置的触觉反馈。
虽然本发明被描述为具有示例性设计,但是在本公开的精神和范围内可以对本发明进行进一步的修改。因此,本申请旨在涵盖利用其一般原理的本发明的任何变型、用途或适应性修改。此外,本申请旨在涵盖在本发明所属领域的已知或惯常实践范围内的与本公开不同的内容。
Claims (15)
1.一种可互换机电锁芯,用于与具有锁定状态和解锁状态的锁装置一起使用,所述锁装置包括开口,所述开口的尺寸被设置为容纳所述可互换机电锁芯,所述可互换机电锁芯包括:
锁芯体,其具有前端和后端;
可移动塞,其在所述锁芯体的内部定位为靠近所述锁芯体的后端,所述可移动塞具有相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于锁定状态对应的第一位置,以及相对于所述锁芯体的、与所述锁装置处于所述解锁状态对应的第二位置,所述可移动塞能够绕可移动塞轴线在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间转动;
芯保持部,其可移动地耦接到所述锁芯体,所述芯保持部能够定位在固持位置和移除位置中,在所述固持位置中,所述芯保持部延伸超过所述锁芯体的包络,以将所述锁芯体保持在所述锁装置的所述开口中,在所述移除位置中,所述芯保持部相对于所述固持位置朝向所述锁芯体缩回;
操作员可致动组件,其由所述锁芯体支撑并且包括操作员可致动输入装置,所述操作员可致动输入装置位于所述锁芯体的所述前端的前方;
机电控制系统,其在第一配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置操作性地耦接到所述可移动塞,并且在第二配置中将所述操作员可致动组件的所述操作员可致动输入装置与所述可移动塞解耦;以及
致动器,其能够从所述锁芯体的外部访问,所述致动器独立于所述可移动塞地、操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部,以使所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动到所述移除位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述致动器为机械致动器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述致动器完全位于所述锁芯体的内部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述致动器能够通过所述锁芯体中的开口访问。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,当所述操作员可致动输入装置耦接到所述锁芯体时,所述操作员可致动输入装置阻挡对所述锁芯体中的所述开口的访问。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,还包括控制套筒,所述可移动塞由所述控制套筒容纳,所述芯保持部从所述控制套筒延伸,且所述致动器独立于所述芯保持部操作性地耦接到所述控制套筒。
7.根据权利要求6所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述控制套筒包括第一部分齿轮,并且所述致动器包括第二部分齿轮,所述第一部分齿轮和第二部分齿轮相互啮合,以将所述致动器操作性地耦接到所述芯保持部。
8.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述机电控制系统包括第一阻挡件,所述第一阻挡件能够定位在第一位置和第二位置中,在所述第一位置中,所述致动器无法将所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动至所述移除位置,在所述第二位置中,所述致动器能够将所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动至所述移除位置。
9.根据权利要求1所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器,所述电子控制器执行访问授权逻辑,以确定是允许还是拒绝第一者的移动。
10.根据权利要求8所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述机电控制系统包括电子控制器、由所述电子控制器驱动的马达、操作性地耦接到所述马达的电源以及离合器,在所述机电控制系统的所述第一配置中,所述离合器能够由所述马达定位在第一位置中以接合所述可移动塞,并且在所述机电控制系统的所述第二配置中,所述离合器能够由所述马达定位在与所述可移动塞分离的第二位置中。
11.根据权利要求10所述的可互换机电锁芯,所述电子控制器、所述马达和所述电源中的每一者由所述操作员致动组件支撑。
12.根据权利要求10所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述第一阻挡件能够由所述离合器定位。
13.根据权利要求10所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述第一阻挡件由所述离合器承载。
14.根据权利要求10所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,在所述第一阻挡件处于所述第二位置的情况下,所述致动器将以两个自由度移动,以将所述芯保持部从所述固持位置移动到所述移除位置。
15.根据权利要求14所述的可互换机电锁芯,其中,所述两个自由度包括平移然后是转动。
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