CN112689573B - 动力汽车 - Google Patents

动力汽车 Download PDF

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CN112689573B
CN112689573B CN201980042373.6A CN201980042373A CN112689573B CN 112689573 B CN112689573 B CN 112689573B CN 201980042373 A CN201980042373 A CN 201980042373A CN 112689573 B CN112689573 B CN 112689573B
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chassis
frame
flywheel
wheel
hydraulic
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CN112689573A (zh
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R·德瑞森特
A·内维兹
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A Neiweizi
R Deruisente
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A Neiweizi
R Deruisente
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D24/00—Connections between vehicle body and vehicle frame
    • B62D24/04—Vehicle body mounted on resilient suspension for movement relative to the vehicle frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/08—Auxiliary drives from a ground wheel, e.g. engaging the wheel tread or rim
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/10—Auxiliary drives directly from oscillating movements due to vehicle running motion, e.g. suspension movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0015—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being hydraulic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/30—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/11—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted with resilient means for suspension, e.g. of wheels or engine; sub-frames for mounting engine or suspensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D37/00—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements
    • B62D37/04—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements by means of movable masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D63/00—Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for
    • B62D63/02—Motor vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/10—Auxiliary drives directly from oscillating movements due to vehicle running motion, e.g. suspension movement
    • B60K2025/106—Auxiliary drives directly from oscillating movements due to vehicle running motion, e.g. suspension movement by fluid means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/12—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable fluidic accumulator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/30—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by chargeable mechanical accumulators, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

″动力汽车″将具有大型高压室，该高压室中充满了加压至20吨的液压流体，可用于汽车的初始运动。对于高压室，通过泵、活塞、阀门和电动工具收集的压力将太高。据估计，在压力罐完全耗尽之前，汽车将在2秒内从零移动到20英里，并以每小时150英里的速度行驶一英里。压力储器补充只需3‑4秒。

Description

动力汽车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于并要求由发明人于2018年4月24日在美国专利商标局提交的，名称为″KINETIC AUTOMOBILE(动力汽车)″的共同待决的美国临时专利申请序号62/661,915的权益，通过引用将其并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车。
发明概述
为了使汽车行驶，它需要某种能量。石油(汽油)中发现的能量是势能。发动机将这种势能转换为动力，从而使汽车行驶。一旦运动，如果不是由于摩擦和空气阻力而逐渐吸收能量，动量将使其永远持续下去。因此，如果能量没有连续补充，汽车将停止。
石油不是唯一储存能量的元素，并且还有各种将储存能量转换为运动的方式。汽车通过运动产生各种形式的其他能量。这些独立的能量源，如果得到有效利用，可能足以补偿由于摩擦和空气阻力而损失的能量。根据本发明，可以挖掘并保存由运动和各种相关力产生的足够能量，以便稍后用于在停车后使汽车恢复运动。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施方案的动力汽车的俯视图。
图2是图1所示的根据本发明实施方案的动力汽车的侧视图。
附图中的特征用以下附图标记编号
2底盘 24制动液压泵
4框架 26制动液压泵齿轮
6动力盒 28千斤顶
7拉伸弹簧 30交流发电机
8液压驱动马达 32交流发电机齿轮
9导向柱 34电池
10驱动轴 36电容器
12轮 37充电系统
14飞轮 38充电系统端口
15液压管路 40固定驻车齿轮
16散热器 42车轮臂
18溢流储器 43车轮支撑弹簧
19回油管路 44滑动接头转向柱
20主储器 46转向总成
22减震泵 48车轮转向节
发明详述
″动力汽车″将具有大的腔室或″动力箱″，其填充有被加压至20吨的液压流体以用于汽车的初始运动。
动力箱6是一种特殊构造的可折叠波纹管，其长度不少于3英尺，当完全在垂直方向上将达到约1英尺的高度。动力箱将用螺栓固定在底盘4上，在汽车框架4和底盘2之间的空间中，箱6优选地支撑底盘2的全部或几乎全部重量。底盘2在箱6上的重量产生液压。为了在动力箱6中产生更大的压力，橡皮筋或重钢弹簧7会将底盘拉到框架4上。请参见第1页的图片。底盘2的重量和带/弹簧7的张力一起可以产生大于20吨的压力。导向柱9允许底盘2仅竖直移动，而不能横向移动。
动力和运动
动力箱6通过液压管路15连接到4个液压驱动马达8，每个车轮12上各有一个。当踩下加速踏板时，响应加速踏板的连续可调继动阀将导致液压流体处于压力下而从动力箱6流到液压马达8以使车轮12以7,000至14,000rpm转动。踩下加速器的次数越多，继动阀打开的越远，允许更多的液压流体流到液压马达8，从而使它们转动得更快。
液压马达8将优选具有大而重的飞轮14以产生动量。一旦达到期望值，驾驶员将优选从加速器释放压力，并且汽车将滑行直到期望附加速度。效果就像太空推进：加速和滑行。
液压流体将从液压马达8流入散热器16，在散热器16中冷却并失去压力。流体也可能流到溢流储器18。请参见第8页的图片。当在动力箱中发生吸力时，溢流储器18中的流体将通过回流管路19返回到动力箱6。
散热器16中的液压流体将流到主储器20。另外的液压流体管路15将从储器18、20延伸到震动吸收泵(减震泵)22和制动液压泵24。减震泵22，每个车轮多达四(4)个，起到减震器和泵的作用，并且经过特殊设计，可以承受较大的震动并在遇到震动时输送高压流体。液压管路将泵22连接到动力箱6。
每个车轮提供一个制动液压泵24。这些液压泵24将装备有齿轮26。制动泵24的齿轮26将与飞轮14的齿紧密间隔，飞轮14的齿在加速器被踩下时驱动轮，并且在汽车正在滑行时与轮一起旋转。当强烈踩下制动踏板时，它将导致制动液压泵24的齿轮26与旋转的飞轮14的齿啮合。然后，飞轮14将有力地驱动液压泵24的齿轮26，从而产生大量的流体压力将通过液压管路15将高压液压流体驱动回动力箱6。
从减震泵22和制动液压泵24收集并提供给动力箱6的流体压力用于继续驱动循环。为了防止动力箱6完全耗尽，可以在动力箱6的每一侧上设置两个到四个12伏千斤顶28，该千斤顶被定位成将底盘2从框架4上抬起。该动作将扩展动力箱6，产生吸力，从储器18、20吸取液压流体。的确，正是通过这种吸力，液压流体首先到达了动力箱6进行初始运动，底盘2的重量提供压力。当踩下加速踏板时，千斤顶28被释放；当释放加速踏板时，千斤顶28接合底盘2并且它们锁定，从而防止了在不需要加速时底盘2掉落引起的不必要的压力损失。
电气和充电系统
优选地，提供四个交流发电机30和四个专用电池34，以为汽车供电。交流发电机30优选地布置成类似于制动液压泵，每个车轮一个，交流发电机齿轮32靠近飞轮14并且能与飞轮14接合。如果交流发电机30不断旋转，则仅在需要时才施加充电负荷。第一电池可以优选地专用于照明并且优选地连接至后轮交流发电机中的一个。第二电池可以优选地专用于HVAC，并且可以连接至另一后轮交流发电机。第三电池可以专用于喇叭无线电刮水器锁窗，并且可以连接至前轮交流发电机之一。第四电池可以优选地专用于千斤顶、制动器和控制阀，并且将被连接至另一前轮交流发电机。超级电容器组36优选地专用于每个电池以对其充电。优选提供充电端口38，用于将电池连接到充电系统37。
制动系统
当踩下制动踏板时，交流发电机的齿轮32将首先接合飞轮14。充电负荷将具有使汽车减速的效果。当释放制动踏板时，交流发电机齿轮32将与飞轮14脱离。制动踏板将返回其原始位置。
在最初踩下制动踏板之后交流发电机与飞轮接合之后，如果进一步踩下制动踏板，则制动液压泵24的齿轮26将接合飞轮14。来自交流发电机30的充电负荷与动力箱6中的液压泵24所建立的高压相结合会产生足够大的阻力，以使车轮立即停止而不锁死车轮。如果进一步踩下制动踏板，则一组固定的驻车齿轮40将接合飞轮14并锁定车轮，从而防止汽车在停止后滚动。固定齿轮40可以通过锁定所有车轮来使汽车停止。当驻车齿轮40接合后，制动踏板将不会回到其原始位置(用作驻车制动器)，直到将制动踏板踩到地板上为止。
悬架
该汽车优选地具有四(4)个车轮独立悬架。每个车轮可以由附接至框架的弹簧加载的车轮支撑件或″车轮臂″42支撑。弹簧43将车轮推向地面。根据优选实施方案，车轮支撑件42将支撑车轮12、飞轮、液压驱动马达8、交流发电机齿轮32、制动液压泵齿轮26和减震泵22。前臂42也将为转向总成提供支撑。
转向
转向将与常规汽车相同地操作，除了将滑动接头转向柱44连接至转向组件46以适应底盘的垂直运动。常规的车轮转向节48优选地设置在飞轮的车轮侧上，以允许在转向组件的控制下转向。
其他功能
每个车轮本身就是一个单元，称为″动力装置″。动力装置拥有自己的独立传动系-悬架-制动器和充电系统。根据替代实施方案，单件设备将用作马达、泵和发电机的组合。
根据替代实施方案，空气或水可以代替液压流体。
根据另外的替代实施方案，可以使用两个不同的驱动系统来使汽车行驶，例如，前轮可以由电动马达驱动，而后轮可以由本文所述的液压系统驱动，反之亦然。

Claims (5)

1.汽车，包括：
框架；
底盘；
与框架连接的多个弹簧偏置的车轮支撑件；
通过驱动轴安装在每个车轮支撑件上的车轮；
飞轮，固定在所述驱动轴或车轮上，使其不相对于车轮旋转；
可折叠波纹管，其位于框架和底盘之间，并构造成承受所述底盘的重量以在可折叠波纹管内建立压力；
多个张紧元件，其一端连接到所述框架，第二端连接到所述底盘，以将所述底盘拉向所述框架，以在可折叠波纹管内产生附加压力；
位于所述框架与所述底盘之间的多个导向柱，用于防止所述底盘相对于所述框架的侧面运动；
多个电动千斤顶，位于所述框架与所述底盘之间，以将所述底盘抬离所述框架，从而在可折叠波纹管内产生吸力；
液压驱动马达，位于至少一个车轮附近，并与所述驱动轴相连；
所述液压驱动马达还经由液压管路附接到所述可折叠波纹管，以向所述液压驱动马达提供液压动力；
具有交流发电机齿轮的交流发电机，该交流发电机齿轮能够可逆地与所述飞轮啮合，用于
向所述交流发电机提供动力；所述交流发电机电与电池连接以对所述电池充电；
制动液压泵，其齿轮能够可逆地与所述飞轮啮合并连接到可折叠波纹管，以在所述汽车运动期间当所述液压泵齿轮与所述飞轮啮合时向所述可折叠波纹管提供加压流体；
固定的制动/驻车齿轮，能够可逆地与所述飞轮啮合，以阻止所述飞轮旋转并使所述汽车保持静止状态；
减震泵，其一端附接到所述框架，第二端附接到所述车轮支撑件，并通过液压管路与所述可折叠波纹管连接，用于在所述汽车运动期间在所述减震泵受压时向所述可折叠波纹管提供加压流体；
其中，由于所述底盘的重量、所述张紧元件的张力以及从所述制动液压泵和所述减震泵接收到的加压流体而在所述可折叠波纹管中产生的压力被用于将所述加压流体推向所述液压驱动马达以引起所述驱动轴、飞轮和车轮加速；
并且其中，每个所述车轮支撑件由所述框架独立地支撑并与所述框架连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车，还包括用于为所述电池充电的充电系统和充电端口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汽车，还包括汽油动力发动机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的汽车，不具有汽油动力发动机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的汽车，还包括电池供电的驱动系统。
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