CN112654737B

CN112654737B - Combing machine

Info

Publication number: CN112654737B
Application number: CN201980058055.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 妮可·泽格; 罗兰·弗里德里希
Original assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Current assignee: Trutschler Group Europe
Priority date: 2018-09-12
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-19
Also published as: WO2020052837A1; EP3850131B1; CN112654737A; DE102018122276A1; DE102018122276B4; EP3850131A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a combing machine (1) having more than eight combing heads, wherein each combing head is designed to be supplied by means of at least one lap or by means of at least one sliver from a can, wherein the combed fibers are integrated for each combing head into a respective individual sliver and are transported to a placement table (5), transported to a drafting device (10) and drafted into slivers, and placed in a can. According to the invention, the drafting device (10) has a working width of more than 180mm, preferably at least 200mm, at the nip line of the main draft.

Description

Combing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a combing machine with a plurality of combing heads.

Background

In the current textile preparation process, the combing machine has eight combing heads in a single piece, at which the fibers to be combed are present as a lap having a width of approximately 30 cm. The productivity of the combing machine is thereby almost exclusively dependent on the number of combing gaps achieved, which in continuous operation amounts to 350 to 550 per minute. It is therefore only possible to increase productivity in combing by other machines. When increasing the number of combing machines, it is also necessary to increase the number of winding machines proportionally, wherein currently about five combing machines are supplied by one winding machine. Thus entailing large space and investment requirements.

CH681309A and DE1020060026841A1 describe combing machines which can have more than eight combing heads. In order to supply the combing machine, the carding slivers from the can are present at the combing heads, so that expensive and space-consuming winding machines can be dispensed with. The combing head has a width of 6cm to 10cm depending on the number of slivers transported and has substantially the same functionality as a conventional combing machine. At the combing machine, therefore, there are fiber slivers in narrow slivers, which can only accommodate a defined volume. A disadvantage is that, at the same production rate, the can has to be replaced at a very fast pace, since the current lap contains a volume of 24 to 32 slivers in conventional combing.

DE102006026850A1 describes a combing machine with multiple sets of combing heads. The combing head is supplied by means of a fibre lap or directly from a can. Depending on the drive design, there are different arrangements of groups of combing heads in combination with gear boxes or gear elements.

All known designs have not been used in continuous operation to date. Furthermore, all designs are not fully integrated with the textile production line, since the slivers produced have a significantly greater weight compared to the prior art, and no further subsequent treatment of the relatively thick combed slivers is disclosed. If the subsequent textile preparation process remains unchanged, a sliver of approximately 5 to 10ktex must be supplied from the combing machine described above, so that the subsequent machine can be operated further with only slight adjustments.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of a combing machine so that the machine can continue to operate as unchanged as possible before and after the textile preparation process.

The invention comprises a combing machine with more than eight combing heads, wherein each combing head is designed to be supplied by means of at least one lap or by means of at least one sliver, wherein the combed fibers are integrated for each combing head into one individual sliver and are transported to a placement table, are fed to a drafting device and drafted into a sliver and are placed in a can.

The core idea of the invention is that, since the number of fibre slivers is greater than in the prior art, the standing board must also have a greater width in order to transport the fibre slivers away. Since the strip weight amounts to a higher value, the drafting device must also be adapted accordingly according to the invention. A strip mass of 1.5 times cannot be handled by existing drafting mechanisms, since the quality of the drafted fiber strip is significantly reduced if the maximum fiber quantity to be drafted at the nip line at the beginning of the main draft exceeds 0.4 ktex/mm. According to the invention, the drafting mechanism has a working width at the nip line of the main draft of more than 180mm, preferably at least 200 mm. It has been shown here that in wider drawing frames, a greater degree of bending in the middle of the drawing frame roller has only a minor effect on the quality of the drawn fiber. More precisely, a fiber quantity at the nip line of more than 0.4ktex/mm at the beginning of the main draft has a clearly more negative effect, since only the outer fiber layers in the cross section are drafted here.

The drawing frame alternatively or in combination has at least two drawing zones for pre-drawing and at least one drawing zone for main drawing. By means of the additional pre-drawing, the fiber quantity per mm of nip line can be reduced, so that increased strip quality can also be handled by the four-over-four drawing frames or the five-over-four drawing frames.

Since now 12, 16, 24 or more combed slivers are fed simultaneously into the drafting device via a wider placement table, a combination of a wider drafting device and an additional pre-drafting is advantageous, in particular in combing machines with 16 or more combing heads, since the working width of the drafting device can be limited to, for example, 330mm or even only 250mm, while not exceeding the maximum fiber quantity of 0.4ktex/mm at the nip line at the start of the main drafting.

Each drawing zone for the pre-drawing is advantageously operated at a draw of 1.1 to 3.0 times. By increasing the pre-draw by a factor of 3.0, the larger fiber amount can be ideally treated in the main draw zone.

Furthermore, the drawing zone for the main drawing advantageously operates at a draw of 2.0 to 30 times.

In order to allow the increased combed fiber mass to enter the drawing frame on the widened placement table, the fiber sliver is preferably integrated before entering the drawing frame by means of guide elements or by means of a feed funnel having a gradually narrowing opening angle. The opening angle may be gradually narrowed in multiple stages or continuously.

Alternatively or additionally, the guide elements can also be arranged between the drafting mechanism rollers in order to continuously reduce the width of the drafted fiber strand.

When very large fibre quantities are processed, for example on a combing machine with at least 16 combing heads, it can be advantageous to apply a transverse sliver withdrawal device before entering the drafting unit.

Likewise, the use of a transverse sliver-drawing device after the drawing frame can be advantageous, since an excessively wide, thin web is transported out of the drawing frame, which web needs to be placed in the can as a sliver.

The placement table is advantageously designed to actively transport the sliver between the combing head and the drawing frame, so that the sliver enters the drawing frame with a low pulling force.

Drawings

In addition, the measures for improving the invention are further illustrated below with the aid of the description of preferred embodiments of the invention and with reference to the drawings. In the figure:

FIG. 1 shows a top view of a combing machine according to the prior art;

fig. 2a, 2b show top views of two combing machines according to the invention with more than eight combing heads.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of another combing machine according to the invention with twelve combing heads.

Fig. 4 shows a comparison of the sizes of the two drafting unit cylinders.

Figure 5 shows the drafting mechanism in four upper and four lower positions.

Figure 6 shows the drafting mechanism in the top five and bottom four.

Fig. 7 shows a top view of another combing machine according to the invention with twelve combing heads.

FIG. 8 shows a top view of another combing machine according to the invention with twelve combing heads.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a combing machine 1 with eight combing heads K1-K8 according to the prior art. At each combing head K1 to K8 there is a lap W1 to W8 of fibre with its own band, for example 80ktex, which lap has a width of approximately 300mm. In the combing process, the fibers are pulled from the unwound fiber reel, combed and lapped again onto the now combed fibers. The combed fibres are integrated into individual fibre slivers F1-F8 of approximately 11.25ktex each and are turned approximately 90 ° to be transported to the placing table 5. A total of eight slivers F1-F8 are transported from the placement table 5 to the drafting mechanism 10. The eight slivers F1 to F8 enter the drafting device with a total sliver weight of approximately 90ktex, are drafted and drawn with a width factor of 18, and are placed as single slivers in a can by means of a coiler 20 at a setting speed of approximately 5ktex and approximately 230 m/min.

FIGS. 2a and 2b show a top view of two combing machines according to the invention, which can have 12 (top) combing heads K1-K12 or 16 (bottom) combing heads K1-K16. The four combing heads K1 to K4 are each integrated into a module M1 and can be selectively widened. Each module can be at least partially integrated into an existing drive system or into an existing drive system. The combing machine of the following figure has a total of 16 combing heads K1 to K16, said combing heads K1 to K16 being integrated into four modules M1 to M4. According to the prior art, the modules M1 to M4 can be arranged one after the other, opposite or symmetrically with respect to the drawing frame 10 and can be driven in different configurations by means of motors and transmissions.

Since four to eight slivers are now leaving the combing head and resting on the placement table 5, the slivers placed to the greatest extent by the drafting mechanism 10 on the placement table 5 have twice the weight of the slivers due to the longer transport path. In this case, despite the polished placement surface on the placement table 5, a significantly greater draft is still exerted on the fiber sliver in the course of transport to the drafting device 10 than, for example, in the fiber slivers F1 or F2. Since the strength is reduced due to the overlapping position, the net weight is increased enough to break the fiber strands. For this reason, it may be necessary to actively transport the laid sliver to the drafting mechanism 10 when the combing heads are more than eight. The placement table can thus be designed as a movable table (endless conveyor belt) or be equipped with a transport device (oscillating table, driven roller guide), as a result of which the sliver is transported from the combing head into the drafting device 10 from its placement position as far as possible without tension.

According to fig. 2a, at each combing head K1-K12 there is a respective fiber lap W1-W12 with 80ktex fibers, said lap W1-W12 having a width of about 300mm. During the combing process, the fibers are pulled from the unwound fiber reel, combed and again lapped over the fibers that have been combed to date. The combed fibres are integrated into individual fibre slivers F1-F12 of about 11.25ktex each and turned through about 90 ° to be transported to the placing table 5. A total of twelve slivers F1 to F12 are transported from the placement table 5 to the drafting mechanism 10. The twelve fiber strands F1 to F12 enter the drafting device 10 with a total strand weight of approximately 135ktex, are drafted and drawn with a width factor of 27, and are placed in a can with the aid of a coiler 20 at approximately 5 ktex. Under this laid weight of the sliver, the sliver moves through the drawing frame 10 at a higher speed of about 350 m/min. In order to reduce the can filling time of the can winding in a non-redundant manner, the slivers are placed in the can, preferably having a diameter of at least 1000mm, after having passed through the combing machine according to the invention.

The exemplary embodiment of fig. 3 shows an improved combing machine 1 with twelve combing heads K1-K12, at which there are fiber slivers from two cans C1-C24 each with a diameter of 400 to 600 mm. The four combing heads K1 to K4 are each integrated into a module M1 and can be selectively widened. Each module can be at least partially integrated into an existing drive system or into an existing drive system.

The combing heads K1 to K12 are designed narrower than combing heads in which a lap is present, and are for example only 80mm wide, two slivers each of approximately 10ktex being present at each combing head K1 to K12. The combed fibres are integrated into individual slivers F1-F12 of about 3.1ktex each and turned through about 90 deg. for transport to the standing table 5. A total of twelve slivers F1-F12 are transported from the placing table 5 to the drawing frame 10 at a speed of about 80 m/min. The twelve fiber strands F1 to F12 enter the drafting device 10 with a total strand weight of approximately 37ktex, are drafted and drawn with a width factor of 7.5, and are placed in a can with the aid of the coiler 20 at approximately 5 ktex. When there are 16 combing heads (not shown here), a total of 16 slivers of approximately 49.6Ktex enter the drafting mechanism 10. In order to reduce the time for changing the can, the sliver is placed in a can having a diameter of at least 1000mm after passing through the combing machine according to the invention. According to the embodiment of fig. 2a to 3, the number of combing heads can be enlarged almost arbitrarily.

Since the number of fiber strands is increased or even doubled compared to the prior art, the standing board has a larger width compared to the prior art. Alternatively or additionally, the fiber strands can also be placed one above the other in two planes, as a result of which advantageous drawing in the drawing frame and drawing device can be produced. If the combing machine is integrated in an existing textile apparatus without significant changes to the upstream or downstream apparatus, the combing machine must likewise place a single sliver of about 5ktex in the can coiler 20. Thereby resulting in a significantly higher delivery speed and a significantly higher total draw. The greater number of fibre strands to be laid leads to a variation in the collision of the fibres in the web guiding means.

For this purpose, the following solutions are provided, which are independent of one another or can likewise be combined with one another:

based on tests with a combing machine with 12 combing heads, a specific minimum width of the drafting mechanism is necessary. In the case of high-quality drawn fiber strands, a maximum fiber quantity of 0.4ktex per mm of nip line has proven to be advantageous when the main drawing is carried out. When this value is higher, only the outer layers of the fiber are drawn, resulting in a non-uniform drawn fiber sliver. Based on a conventional combing machine with eight combing heads, three-over-three-under drafting mechanisms or four-over-three-under drafting mechanisms are used, which have a single pre-drafting zone and a single main drafting zone with a working width of 180mm at the nip line. Therefore, on a combing machine with 12 combing heads, the working width at the nip line in the inlet of the main drafting zone must be at least 250mm, while on a combing machine with 16 combing heads it must be at least 300mm.

Fig. 4 shows a conventional roller 11 of a drawing frame with a working width of 180mm at the nip line. Above which is arranged a modified roll 11a of a drawing frame with a working width of 330mm at the nip line. Due to the absolutely higher pressure load exerted by the additional fiber strand in the same pressure per unit area, the pressure load of the drafting mechanism rollers (upper rollers) can be increased to 5.5N per mm of nip line in the main drafting zone, which corresponds to a material load of more than 1000 newtons.

In a drawing frame with a preliminary drawing zone and a main drawing zone, the main drawing must have an amplitude factor of 11.25 times when the amplitude factor of the preliminary drawing is, for example, 1.58 times, in order to deliver a sliver of about 5 ktex. When the combing heads are eight, the minimum working width at the nip line in the entrance of the main drafting zone is 143mm.

Approximately 135ktex are supplied to the drafting unit on a combing machine with twelve combing heads. When the pre-draft amplitude factor is, for example, 1.58 times, the main draft must have an amplitude factor of 17 times in order to deliver a sliver of about 5 ktex. The minimum working width at the jaw line in the main drafting zone was 215mm.

Approximately 180ktex is supplied to the drafting unit on a combing machine with 16 combing heads, which is adjusted with a pre-draft amplitude factor of 1.58. The main draft is adjusted with an amplitude factor of 23 times and the minimum working width at the nip line in the main draft zone is 285mm.

In order that the main draft is not too great, a wider draft mechanism can be combined with another pre-draft zone. For this purpose, at least one drawing frame with four upper and four lower drawing frames (fig. 5) or five upper and four lower drawing frames (fig. 6) can be used, by means of which the main drawing is reduced and the drawing of the fiber strand is thereby made more uniform. For example, two preliminary drafts with a coefficient of amplitude of 1.58 can be set, so that the main draft, starting at approximately 180ktex, is still only carried out with a coefficient of amplitude of 15. The drafting mechanism can thereby be adjusted to a working width of about 200 to 220mm at the nip line in the main drafting zone.

Fig. 5 shows a drawing frame 10 configured as a four-over-four-under drawing frame, wherein rollers 11/12 and 13/14 form a first drawing zone V1. The second drafting zone V2 is formed by rollers 13/14 and 15/16, and the third drafting zone V3 is formed by rollers 15/16 and 17/18. The drawing zones V1 and V2 serve as pre-drawing zones and can preferably be operated at a draw of 1.1 times to 3.0 times. The main draw zone V3 can be run at 2.0 to 30 times draw. If a drawing frame 10 with a working width of, for example, 250mm at the nip line in the main drawing zone is operated for 12 or 16 fiber slivers, the fiber slivers not shown here, which are transported to the drawing frame 10 by the placement table 5, must be integrated before entering the drawing frame 10. The individual fibre strips on the placement table 5 are in total wider than the working width at the nip line in the main drafting zone V3. The feed horn 6 or the transverse strip draw-off 7 is therefore applied before the first roll 11/12. The feeding bell mouth is provided with an enlarged bell mouth, and the bell mouth can reduce the width of the fiber strips from the placing table 5 to the working width of the clamping jaw line in the main drafting zone V3. The drafting mechanism in figure 5 is an unregulated drafting mechanism. Upstream of the drawing frame 10, a feed horn 6 is provided, which feed horn 6 has a variable feed angle α in the direction of travel of the web, as will be explained further on in fig. 7.

Figure 6 shows a drawing frame 10 configured as a drawing frame with five upper and four lower rolls 11/12 and 13/14 forming a first drawing zone V1. The second drafting zone V2 is formed by rollers 13/14 and 15/16, and the third drafting zone V3 is formed by rollers 15/16 and 17/18/19. The drawing zones V1 and V2 serve as pre-drawing zones and can preferably be operated at a draw of 1.1 times to 3.0 times. The main draw zone V3 can be operated at a draw of 2.0 to 30 times. If a drawing frame 10 with a working width of, for example, 250mm at the nip line in the main drawing zone is operated for 12 or 16 slivers, the slivers, not shown here, which are transported to the drawing frame 10 by means of the placement table 5 must be integrated before entering the drawing frame 10. The individual fibre strips on the placement table 5 are in total wider than the working width at the nip line in the main draft zone V3. It is therefore possible to apply the guide element 8, either the feed horn 6 or the transverse strip extraction device 7, before the first roller 11/12. By means of the enlarged flare, the feed flare 6 is able to reduce the width of the sliver from the placement table 5 to the working width at the nip line in the main drafting zone V3. The drawing frame in figure 6 is an unregulated drawing frame. Of course, the application is equally possible in all embodiments with adjusted drafting mechanisms.

FIG. 7 shows a combing machine 1 with twelve combing heads K1-K12. At each combing head K1-K12 there is a respective lap W1-W12, which has a width of approximately 300mm. During the combing process, the fibers are pulled from the unwound fiber lap, combed and spliced again to the fibers that have now been combed. The combed fibres are integrated into one single sliver F1-F12 each and turned through approximately 90 ° to be transported to the placing table 5. A total of twelve slivers F1-F12 are transported by the placement table 5 to the drawing frame 10, upstream of which drawing frame 10 a modified feed horn 6 is arranged. In the present exemplary embodiment, the feed bell 6 is designed in two stages, wherein the first stage has an opening angle α 1 of between 110 ° and 80 °. The opening angle α 2 of the second stage is between 80 ° and 45 °. Alternatively, the opening angle of the bell-mouth can also be rounded and thereby be narrowed continuously or in a stepless manner from 110 ° to 80 ° to 45 °. The fiber sliver guided on the placement table 5 is especially pre-compressed by the feed horn 6 with a decreasing opening angle in the direction of the sliver travel and is reduced to the working width at the nip line of the drafting zone V3. The twelve slivers F1 to F12 enter a drawing frame in the form of four upper and four lower drawing frames, are drawn, drawn and placed as the single sliver in the can by means of a can coiler 20. The guide element 8 can be arranged before or between the rollers of the drafting device 10, with which guide element 8 the fiber strand is reduced in width.

Fig. 8 shows a combing machine according to fig. 7, in which the slivers F1 to F12 are not integrated via the feed bell 6, but via a transverse sliver take-off 7, which transverse sliver take-off 7 integrates the slivers to the effective working width at the nip line in the main draft of the drafting arrangement 10 by means of two

endless belts

7a, 7 b. A transverse ribbon draw-off device 9 is likewise arranged at the end of the drafting device 10, by means of which transverse ribbon draw-off device 9 the wide and thin fibre web coming from the drafting device 10 is integrated into a fibre sliver for the coiler 20.

In all of the above-mentioned examples, the fiber sliver placed in the can coiler 20 may also have a sliver weight of, for example, about 7.5ktex or about 10 ktex. The draft in the pre-draft zone and/or in the main draft zone only has to be adjusted here. When the weight of the strap delivered to the can coiler 20 is about 5ktex to 10ktex, only minor changes in the adjustments in the existing machines of the textile preparation process are necessary.

List of reference numerals

1. Combing machine

5. Placing table

6. Feeding bell mouth

7. Transverse strip extraction device

7a, 7b endless belt

8. Guiding element

9. Transverse strip extraction device

10. Drafting mechanism

11. 11a roller

12. Roller drum

13. Roller drum

14. Roller drum

15. Roller drum

16. Roller drum

17. Roller drum

18. Roller drum

19. Roller drum

20. Can coiler

C1-C24 can

F1-F816 fiber strip

K1-K16 combing head

M1-M4 module

V1-V3 draft zone

W1-W16 fiber roll

Claims

1. A combing machine (1) having more than eight combing heads, wherein each combing head is designed to be supplied by means of at least one fiber lap or by means of at least one sliver from a can, wherein combed fibers are integrated for each combing head into one individual sliver and are transported to a placement table (5), transported to a drafting mechanism (10) and drafted into a sliver and placed in a can, characterized in that the drafting mechanism (10) has a working width at the nip line of more than 180mm at the beginning of the main draft.

2. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the drafting mechanism (10) is configured to handle a maximum fibre mass of 0.4ktex per mm of nip line at the start of the main drafting at the nip line.

3. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the drafting mechanism (10) has at least two drafting zones (V1, V2) for pre-drafting and at least one drafting zone (V3) for main drafting.

4. Combing machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the drafting mechanism (10) is configured as a four-over-four-under drafting mechanism or a five-over-four-under drafting mechanism.

5. Combing machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that each drafting zone (V1, V2) for pre-drafting is operated with a drafting of 1.1 to 3.0 times.

6. Combing machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one drafting zone (V3) for the main drafting is operated at a draft of 2.0 to 30 times.

7. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure loading on the drafting mechanism rollers amounts to 5.5N per mm of nip line in the main drafting zone.

8. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that before entering the drafting unit (10) the sliver is integrated by means of a feed horn with a gradually narrowing opening angle.

9. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the integration of the sliver is carried out by means of a transverse sliver withdrawal device before entering the drafting unit (10).

10. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliver is integrated by means of at least one guide element (8) before entering the drafting device (10) or in the drafting device.

11. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after the drafting unit (10) the sliver is integrated by means of a transverse sliver extraction device.

12. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the placing table (5) is configured to transport the sliver actively between the combing head and the drafting mechanism.

13. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drafted sliver can be placed in a can having a diameter of at least 1000 mm.

14. Combing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drafting mechanism (10) has a working width at the nip line at the beginning of the main drafting of at least 200 mm.