CN112624847A - Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention provides a Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The preparation method of the Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing eucalyptus bark, banana stalks, first urea and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain a mixture; mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid for fermentation to obtain a fermented fertilizer; and mixing the fermented fertilizer, second urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate and lanthanum nitrate, and then granulating to obtain the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer. The invention provides an Or sweetening rare earth organic fertilizer suitable for south Guangxi Osmanthus producing area and an application method thereof by taking fermented eucalyptus bark and banana stalks as substrates according to Or nutrition requirements and conditions. The fertilizer disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the sugar degree of the Or fruit, can effectively supplement nutrient elements which are easy to lack of the Or fruit, contains organic and inorganic compound fertilizers with higher organic matters, and provides an effective way for large-scale utilization of eucalyptus bark.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a fertile citrus sweetening rare-earth fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Guangxi citrus industry has been developed rapidly in recent years, and the planting area has reached 38.82 kilohm by 20182The yield is 836.49 ten thousand t, which accounts for 20.21 percent of the citrus yield of China, and the method becomes the first large production area of citrus production in China. "Or" as late-maturing miscellaneous citrus variety, the development is very rapid in Guangxi, and exceeds 13 ten thousand hm2The yield is over 100 ten thousand t. However, since the orchard is mainly reconstructed from the original eucalyptus forest, sugarcane field, cassava field and banana plantation, the soil nutrient status is generally poor, and the fertilization mode is generally based on experience, the problems of nutrient deficiency and yellowing, unstable yield, reduced quality and the like of the Or during production often occur. In the prior art, the content of organic matters in soil in an Or orchard is low, the soil acidity is strong, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and zinc are generally insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a citrus grandiflora sweetening rare earth fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer provided by the invention is suitable for Wo citrus sweetening rare earth organic fertilizer in Guangxi Guinan production areas and an application method thereof, can effectively supplement nutrient elements which are easy to lack of Wo citrus, contains organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with higher organic matters, and provides an effective way for large-scale utilization of eucalyptus bark.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
mixing eucalyptus bark, banana stalks, first urea and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain a mixture;
mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid for fermentation to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
and mixing the fermented fertilizer, second urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate and lanthanum nitrate, and then granulating to obtain the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark, the banana stalk, the first urea to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 550-750: 250-450: 15-30: 60-90.
Preferably, the content of phosphorus pentoxide in the calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer is more than or equal to 12 wt%.
Preferably, the zymocyte liquid is Phanerochaete chrysosporium, oyster mushroom, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and yeast according to the ratio of 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2 in a quantitative ratio.
Preferably, the number of active bacteria in the fermentation broth is not less than 2 × 108cfu/mL。
Preferably, the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark to the zymocyte liquid is 55-75: 1 to 2.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is below 50 ℃ and the fermentation time is 20-25 d.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fermented fertilizer, the second urea, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the magnesium oxide, the zinc sulfate and the lanthanum nitrate is 1000: 10-20: 30-40: 30-50: 25-35: 5: 2 to 3.
Preferably, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the content of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in the agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is more than or equal to 98 wt%; the potassium sulfate is agricultural potassium sulfate, and the content of potassium oxide in the agricultural potassium sulfate is more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the magnesium oxide is agricultural magnesium oxide, and the content of the magnesium oxide in the agricultural magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the zinc sulfate is agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and the content of zinc in the agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate is more than or equal to 30.0 wt%; the lanthanum nitrate is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, and the lanthanum content of the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is more than or equal to 30.0 wt%.
The invention also provides the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
The invention provides a preparation method of a Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing eucalyptus bark, banana stalks, first urea and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain a mixture; mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid for fermentation to obtain a fermented fertilizer; and mixing the fermented fertilizer, second urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate and lanthanum nitrate, and then granulating to obtain the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer. In the invention, the eucalyptus bark has higher carbon-nitrogen ratio, is suitable for being used as an organic fertilizer raw material, can improve the comprehensive utilization rate of resources, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of eucalyptus bark waste; the banana stalks not only contain high amount of carbohydrate, but also are rich in potassium element required by the oranges, and can be subjected to fertilizer treatment; the rare earth element lanthanum is an activator of plant reductase, has the property and structure similar to those of calcium, is called super active calcium, can accelerate the growth of plants and greatly improve the stress resistance of the plants by improving the content of calmodulin, can stimulate the absorption of the plants to mineral nutrient elements, promotes the synthesis of plant chlorophyll, can also influence the metabolic processes of carbon assimilation and nitrogen assimilation in the plants, and enhances the photosynthesis, thereby improving the biomass of the plants. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rare earth lanthanum element is a compound trace element fertilizer with wide source, convenient use, less dosage and low cost. Lanthanum can obviously improve the fruit setting rate of the oranges, the fruit is generally colored in advance, and the soluble solid content of the fruits is also improved to different degrees. The invention provides a citrus-rich sweetening rare earth organic fertilizer suitable for south Guangxi sweet-scented osmanthus and an application method thereof, aiming at the site conditions and the tree nutrient demand conditions of specific citrus-rich varieties in south Guangxi sweet-scented osmanthus production areas, fermented eucalyptus bark and banana stalks are used as substrates, and according to the nutritional demands and conditions of citrus-rich. The fertilizer can effectively improve the sugar degree of the Or fruit, can effectively supplement nutrient elements which are easy to lack of the Or fruit, contains organic and inorganic compound fertilizers with higher organic matters, and provides an effective way for large-scale utilization of eucalyptus bark
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
mixing eucalyptus bark, banana stalks, first urea and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain a mixture;
mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid for fermentation to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
and mixing the fermented fertilizer, second urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate and lanthanum nitrate, and then granulating to obtain the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark, the banana stalk, the first urea and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is preferably 550-750: 250-450: 15-30: 60-90.
In the invention, the content of phosphorus pentoxide in the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is preferably more than or equal to 12 wt%, and the content of magnesium oxide is preferably more than or equal to 12 wt%.
In the present invention, the water content of the eucalyptus bark and the banana stem is preferably independently less than 30 wt%, and the eucalyptus bark and the banana stem are independently pulverized to a maximum size of not more than 2 cm.
In the invention, the zymocyte liquid is preferably Phanerochaete chrysosporium, oyster mushroom fungus, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes according to the ratio of 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2 in a quantitative ratio.
In the present invention, the number of active bacteria in the fermentation broth is preferably not less than 2X 108cfu/mL。
In the invention, the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark to the zymocyte liquid is preferably 55-75: 1 to 2.
In the invention, the fermentation temperature is preferably below 50 ℃, and the fermentation time is preferably 20-25 d.
In the invention, the water content during fermentation is preferably 50-60 wt%.
In the invention, preferably, the fermented material obtained by mixing the mixture and the zymophyte liquid is piled into a long strip pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the bottom width of 1.5-2 m and unlimited length to form the decomposed fermented fertilizer. In the invention, if the fermentation temperature is exceeded, the fermentation pile is preferably turned by a turner; after fermentation it is preferably comminuted to a maximum size of not more than 3 mm.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the fermented fertilizer, the second urea, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the magnesium oxide, the zinc sulfate and the lanthanum nitrate is preferably 1000: 10-20: 30-40: 30-50: 25-35: 5: 2 to 3.
In the invention, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the content of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in the agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably more than or equal to 98 wt%; the potassium sulfate is agricultural potassium sulfate, and the content of potassium oxide in the agricultural potassium sulfate is preferably more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the magnesium oxide is agricultural magnesium oxide, and the content of the magnesium oxide in the agricultural magnesium oxide is preferably more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the zinc sulfate is agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and the content of zinc in the agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate is preferably more than or equal to 30.0 wt%; the lanthanum nitrate is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, and the lanthanum content of the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is preferably more than or equal to 30.0 wt%.
In the present invention, it is preferable to further dry the granulated product after the granulation, and the specific manner of drying in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a technical manner known to those skilled in the art may be adopted.
In the invention, the water content of the Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer is preferably within 20 wt%.
The invention also provides the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail the Wo citrus sweetened rare earth fertilizer and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Mixing 550 parts by weight of eucalyptus bark, 450 parts by weight of banana stalks, 15 parts by weight of urea and 60 parts by weight of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus uniformly; the water content of the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks is lower than 30 wt%, and the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks are crushed to the maximum size of not more than 2 cm.
(2) Adding 10 parts of zymogen liquid into the mixture, wherein the water content is controlled at 50 wt%; the zymophyte liquid is Phanerochaete chrysosporium, oyster mushroom, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes according to the ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1, the number of active bacteria is not less than 2 x 108cfu/mlL。
(3) Fermentation: and piling the mixed material into a long strip pile with the height of 1m, the bottom width of 1.5m and unlimited length, controlling the fermentation temperature below 50 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 25 days to form the decomposed fermented fertilizer. If the fermentation temperature exceeds the fermentation temperature control, turning the fermentation pile by using a turning machine;
(4) blending: adding 20 parts of urea, 40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 35 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc sulfate and 2 parts of lanthanum nitrate into 1000 parts of the fermented fertilizer, uniformly mixing, granulating and drying. The water content of the finished fertilizer product is controlled within 20 wt%.
Example 2
(1) 650 parts of eucalyptus bark, 350 parts of banana stalk, 20 parts of urea and 75 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus are mixed and stirred uniformly; the water content of the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks is lower than 30 wt%, and the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks are crushed to the maximum size of not more than 2 cm.
(2) Adding 15 parts of zymophyte liquid into the mixture, wherein the water content is controlled at 50%; the zymophyte liquid is Phanerochaete chrysosporium, oyster mushroom, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and microzyme, and the ratio of the fermentation liquid to the zymophyte liquid is 2: 2: 2: 1: 1, the number of active bacteria is not less than 2 x 108cfu/mL。
(3) Fermentation: and piling the mixed material into a long strip pile with the height of 1.5m, the bottom width of 2m and unlimited length, controlling the fermentation temperature below 50 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 23 days to form the decomposed fermented fertilizer. If the fermentation temperature exceeds the fermentation temperature control, turning the fermentation pile by using a turning machine;
(4) blending: adding 15 parts of urea, 35 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc sulfate and 3 parts of lanthanum nitrate into 1000 parts of the fermented fertilizer, uniformly mixing, granulating and drying. The water content of the finished fertilizer product is controlled within 20 wt%.
Example 3
(1) Mixing 750 parts of eucalyptus bark, 250 parts of banana stalks, 30 parts of urea and 90 parts of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus uniformly; the water content of the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks is lower than 30 wt%, and the eucalyptus bark and the banana stalks are crushed to the maximum size of not more than 2 cm.
(2) Adding 20 parts of zymogen liquid into the mixture, and controlling the water content to be 60%; the zymophyte liquid is Phanerochaete chrysosporium, oyster mushroom, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and microzyme, and the ratio of the fermentation liquid to the zymophyte liquid is 2: 2: 2: 2: 2, the number of active bacteria is not less than 2 x 108cfu/mL。
(3) Fermentation: and piling the mixed material into a long strip pile with the height of 1m, the bottom width of 2m and the unlimited length, controlling the fermentation temperature below 50 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 20 days to form the decomposed fermented fertilizer. If the fermentation temperature exceeds the fermentation temperature control, turning the fermentation pile by using a turning machine;
(4) blending: adding 10 parts of urea, 30 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of potassium sulfate, 25 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc sulfate and 3 parts of lanthanum nitrate into 1000 parts of the fermented fertilizer, uniformly mixing, granulating and drying. The water content of the finished fertilizer product is controlled within 20 percent.
Example 4
2018-2019, and the fertilizer efficiency experiments of the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer disclosed by the invention in the embodiments 1-3 are carried out in Guangxi Nanning Dingdang orange bases for two consecutive years. Selecting Yangyang orange rootstock Or citrus as an experimental material, and setting 4 experimental groups, wherein a control group is used for traditional fertilization, commercial organic fertilizer is applied in a ditch of 20-40 cm in the current year in 10 kg/plant, and 3 treatment groups are respectively applied in a ditch of 20-40 cm in the current year in 10 kg/plant of the sweetening rare earth fertilizer of the Or citrus of examples 1-3. Other cultivation management techniques are consistent. Each experimental group 3 was repeated, and 10 trees in each repetition were 1 cell, and the total number of cells was 12, and 120 trees were tested. And carrying out experimental treatment for 2 years continuously, picking fruits of the Or in the next 1 month, counting the yield of each plant and measuring the quality of the fruits. As can be seen from table 1, after fertilization treatment in the 1 st year (2018), the yield of each plant of the trees in the treatment groups of examples 1 to 3 is significantly increased by 8.1 to 10.9% compared with the control group, the soluble solid content is significantly increased by 14.9 to 17.8% compared with the control group, and the red color a of the peel is also 13.3 to 14.3% higher than that of the control group, but there is no significant difference. The difference between the single fruit weight, the edible rate, the juice yield and the solid-acid ratio of the fruits is not obvious from the control group. After fertilization treatment in the 2 nd year (2019), compared with a control group, the yield of a single plant of a tree body of a treated group is increased by 17.0-26.2%, and the difference reaches a significant level; the soluble solid of the fruit is obviously improved by 9.9-18.8%, and the solid-acid ratio is also obviously improved by 10.0-16.6%; the fruit brightness is obviously improved, and particularly the red color a of the peel is obviously increased by 21.1-24.3%. The planting density of the base is 54 plants/mu, the economic benefits of the experimental group are compared according to the yield of each plant and the fruit selling price in 2018-2019, and the results are shown in table 2. As can be seen from the table 2, the yield of Guangxi Osmanthus nanwa planting can be obviously improved by applying the sweetening rare earth fertilizer disclosed by the invention in the embodiments 1-3 in 2018-2019. Compared with the traditional fertilization, the yield of the treated fertilizer per mu in 2018 is increased by 8.1-10.9%, and the benefit is improved by 14.6-19.6%; the yield of treatment groups per mu in 2019 is increased by 14.6-19.6%, and the benefit is improved by 27.9-43.1%.
The change of the yield of each plant and the quality of fruits treated by different fertilizers in 12018-2019 years
Table 22018-2019 economic benefit analysis of different fertilizer treatments
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing eucalyptus bark, banana stalks, first urea and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to obtain a mixture;
mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid for fermentation to obtain a fermented fertilizer;
and mixing the fermented fertilizer, second urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium oxide, zinc sulfate and lanthanum nitrate, and then granulating to obtain the Wo citrus sweetening rare earth fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark, the banana stem, the first urea to the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is 550-750: 250-450: 15-30: 60-90.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of phosphorus pentoxide in the calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer is not less than 12 wt.%.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the zymocyte liquid is Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis and yeast in a ratio of 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2 in a quantitative ratio.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the number of active bacteria in the fermented solution is not less than 2X 108cfu/mL。
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the eucalyptus bark to the zymophyte liquid is 55-75: 1 to 2.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is below 50 ℃ and the fermentation time is 20-25 days.
8. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the fermented fertilizer to the second urea to the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the potassium sulfate to the magnesium oxide to the zinc sulfate to the lanthanum nitrate is 1000: 10-20: 30-40: 30-50: 25-35: 5: 2 to 3.
9. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the agricultural ammonium dihydrogen phosphate content is not less than 98 wt%; the potassium sulfate is agricultural potassium sulfate, and the content of potassium oxide in the agricultural potassium sulfate is more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the magnesium oxide is agricultural magnesium oxide, and the content of the magnesium oxide in the agricultural magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 50.0 wt%; the zinc sulfate is agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and the content of zinc in the agricultural zinc sulfate heptahydrate is more than or equal to 30.0 wt%; the lanthanum nitrate is lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, and the lanthanum content of the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is more than or equal to 30.0 wt%.
10. The Or sweetening rare earth fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Application publication date: 20210409 |