CN112618974B - External folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device - Google Patents
External folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112618974B CN112618974B CN202011555470.6A CN202011555470A CN112618974B CN 112618974 B CN112618974 B CN 112618974B CN 202011555470 A CN202011555470 A CN 202011555470A CN 112618974 B CN112618974 B CN 112618974B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/02—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rescue cages, bags, or the like
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an external folding high-rise building fire emergency escape device, wherein an upper boss and a lower boss are arranged on the outer side of a surrounding wall in parallel, the bottom end of a primary platform is hinged to the lower boss, and a limiting block is arranged on the outer side face of the lower boss; the top end of the primary platform is connected with a secondary platform through a folding connecting piece, the primary platform is detachably connected with the enclosing wall through a rope, and the secondary platform is connected with the top plate through a guy rope; when the ropes are fixed on the enclosing wall, the folding connecting piece is closed, and the primary platform and the secondary platform are parallel to the enclosing wall; when the rope is unfolded from the enclosing wall, the folding connecting piece is unfolded, the primary platform and the secondary platform form a common plane and are perpendicular to the enclosing wall, and the primary platform is abutted to the upper surface of the limiting block. The invention provides the evacuee with a higher safety coefficient, so that the evacuee can be rapidly far away from the disaster, the evacuee can avoid inhaling toxic gas, the evacuee can be prevented from choking, and the life safety of the evacuee can be ensured to a greater extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire escape devices, in particular to an external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device.
Background
As is well known, fire is a major environmental safety incident with great killing power on life safety and property safety. Along with the development of the economy in China, various high-rise buildings are continuously emerging, and modern buildings are large in scale, high in standard, dense in personnel and numerous in equipment. In case of fire hazard, serious casualties and property loss are caused, so that strict requirements are put on fire prevention of high-rise buildings.
If the fire disaster occurs in the high-rise building, the fire disaster is at any time be buried in the fire sea if the initial treatment is improper. When fire disaster occurs in high-rise buildings, firstly, the fire condition and the environment are observed in a cool and quiet way, the trend of the fire condition and the possibility of the disaster condition development are rapidly analyzed and judged, and the decision of breaking the fire disaster is reasonably made. And more importantly, different escape methods are needed according to different fire places. When the fire is on the upper side, the nose is covered by the wet towel, so that the invasion of smoke is blocked, and the escape can be realized by running down along the safety stairs rapidly. However, if the fire point is in the middle part and the range of the firework blocking area is not large, in order to prevent the thick smoke in the fire field from choking in, a towel, a mask nose cover and a creeping evacuation method can be adopted, the smoke is lighter than the air and floats on the upper part, the smoke is close to the ground to evacuate, which is the best method for avoiding the suction of the smoke and filtering toxic gas, and cold water can be poured on the head and the body or the head and the body can be wrapped by wet towels, wet cotton quilts, wet blankets and the like after passing through the firework blocking area, and then the smoke is flushed out; if the fire is at the upper part or the range of the firework blocking area is large, other methods except upward running are not available.
At present, high-rise building structures are more and more complex and personnel are more and more dense. Sudden fires and disasters are a safety hazard for high-rise personnel. When these disasters occur, high-rise personnel cannot get effective escape and avoidance, resulting in a number of people being unfortunately in distress. Thus, high-rise escape becomes an important problem at present, and many high-rise escape devices are generated to cope with the problem.
The fire escape device for the domestic high-rise building mainly comprises: 1) The small slow-descent escape device for single person or household has no external protection to human body in use, is easily affected by fire, smoke, barrier and the like in fire disaster, and brings pain and casualties to escape process due to the fear of high degree and tightening force of ropes per se in mind; 2) The life-saving air cushion is characterized in that trapped people can jump downwards to cause casualties before the air cushion is inflated, the trapped people strive to jump downwards after seeing the air cushion, the jumping people do not get away from the air cushion earlier, and the jumping people jump downwards to collide; the use height of the inflatable cushion is limited, the inflatable cushion is suitable for being under 20m, and the inflatable cushion is light in weight and easy to fly; 3) The flexible life-saving slideway has the defects that rubber is easy to age, the elasticity is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, and collision can be generated with walls and surrounding protrusions in the descending process; 4) The fire elevator installed in the high-rise building has the defects that when the fire elevator is taken down stairs, the fire elevator needs to pass through a fire scene and does not avoid a core area of the fire scene, most combustible materials are used as building materials in the building, particularly chemical synthetic materials are used, the materials and the products are easy to catch fire and have high temperature, a large amount of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other toxic gases are generated in the combustion process, and meanwhile, a large amount of oxygen in the air is consumed, so that the human body is seriously harmed and the people are influenced to evacuate; the allowable concentration of carbon monoxide inhaled by a person is zero percent two; the allowable concentration of carbon dioxide in contact is three percent, but in the case of fire, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the room is five percent, and the highest concentration can reach more than ten percent, and in the case of fire-fighting elevators, the carbon monoxide is not different from the carbon monoxide entering a sealed poison gas chamber.
At present, other escape devices mainly move downwards from the outside of a high building to escape, but the danger that a fire disaster possibly causes explosion is ignored in the moving process, and if the fire disaster causes explosion in the moving process, the safety of an escaper is further threatened, and the escaper is difficult to advance and retreat. In summary, for high-rise buildings, the emergency escape device used in fire should meet the following two requirements: 1. avoiding the core area of the fire scene; 2. can be used for multiple people to escape once.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device, which gives the evacuee a higher safety coefficient, can lead the evacuee to be away from disasters rapidly, prevents the evacuee from sucking toxic gas generated by the fire, effectively avoids the danger of explosion caused by the fire in the moving process of other types of escape devices, prevents the evacuee from choking, strives for a larger rescue opportunity for the evacuee, and ensures the life safety of the evacuee to a greater extent so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
An external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device comprises a balcony body, wherein an enclosing wall is arranged at an opening of the balcony body, and a top plate is arranged above the balcony body; an upper boss and a lower boss are arranged on the outer side of the enclosing wall in parallel, the bottom end of the primary platform is hinged to the lower boss, and a limiting block is arranged on the outer side face of the lower boss; the top end of the primary platform is connected with a secondary platform through a folding connecting piece, the primary platform is detachably connected with the enclosing wall through a rope, and the secondary platform is connected with the top plate through a guy rope; when the ropes are fixed on the enclosing wall, the folding connecting piece is closed, and the primary platform and the secondary platform are parallel to the enclosing wall; when the rope is unfolded from the enclosing wall, the folding connecting piece is unfolded, the primary platform and the secondary platform form a common plane and are perpendicular to the enclosing wall, and the primary platform is abutted to the upper surface of the limiting block; the upper boss is hinged with the lower boss through a first guardrail, and the second guardrail is arranged on the second stage platform.
According to the further improved scheme, the limiting block and the lower boss are integrally formed, and the bottom end of the primary platform is connected to the outer side face of the lower boss through a hinge; one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the end, far away from the enclosing wall, of the primary platform, and a hook A for tying the rope is fixedly connected to the outer side face of the enclosing wall.
According to a further improvement scheme, the folding connecting piece is a 180-degree hinge, the primary platform and the secondary platform are connected between the 180-degree hinges, the second guardrails are fixedly connected to the two sides and the outer sides above the secondary platform, and the second guardrails on the two sides are fixedly connected with limiting mechanisms for limiting the excessive rotation of the first guardrails.
According to a further improvement scheme, the inhaul cable is symmetrically fixedly connected above the second guardrail on the outer side, one end of the inhaul cable is fixedly connected with a rope sleeve, the outer side face of the top plate is fixedly connected with a hook B, and the inhaul cable is fixedly connected to the hook B through the rope sleeve.
The invention further adopts the improvement that the first guardrail is provided with two left and right foldable wings, and the upper end and the lower end of the first guardrail are connected between the upper boss and the lower boss through hinges; when the first guardrail is folded, the first guardrail is positioned between the upper boss and the lower boss and is parallel to the enclosing wall; when the first guardrail is unfolded, the first guardrail is positioned at two sides of the primary platform and clamped into the limiting mechanism.
According to a further improvement scheme, the limiting mechanism comprises a baffle and a spring piece; the baffle is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second guardrail, and the spring piece is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second guardrail; when the first guardrail is unfolded, the first guardrail extrudes the spring piece and is clamped between the spring piece and the baffle.
According to a further improvement scheme, the primary platform and the secondary platform comprise rectangular frames, and grid plates are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the frames.
According to the further improved scheme, the hooks A and B are expansion hooks, and the inhaul cable is made of a steel wire rope.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, a fixed or movable step is arranged on the balcony body at the inner side of the enclosing wall.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The first, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device of the invention endows the evacuee with higher safety coefficient, can lead the evacuee to be away from the disaster rapidly, prevents the evacuee from sucking toxic gas generated by the fire, simultaneously effectively avoids the danger of explosion caused by fire in the moving process of other types of escape devices, prevents the evacuee from choking, strives for a larger rescue opportunity for the evacuee, ensures the life safety of the evacuee to a greater extent, and has huge application prospect.
The external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device is suitable for different crowds in the application process, is composed of pure machinery, is simple in structure and convenient to use, does not need long-time operation and movement of an evacuee, can provide shelter for multiple persons, can be used repeatedly, is convenient to install, can be adjusted according to actual sites, and is suitable for various high-rise buildings.
Thirdly, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device adopts the structural design of the expansion type hook and the steel wire rope sleeve, and the steel wire rope is utilized to effectively strengthen the problem of firm carrying of people and bearing when the device is in a fire; the extrusion between the contact surfaces of the first stage platform and the second stage platform and the 180-degree hinge are utilized for reinforcement, so that the device is more stable when carrying people.
Fourth, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device provided by the invention has the advantages that the first-stage platform and the second-stage platform are welded with the grid plates on the frame so as to ensure uniform stress, and the condition of stepping on the ground caused by various problems and the sudden danger caused by possible high-altitude diseases are effectively avoided.
Fifth, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device is opened in sequence when in use, and the clamping ports at all positions are closed to be fixed, so that the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device is very convenient and quick; when the novel guardrail is used, the limit of the spring piece to the first guardrail is released, and then the first guardrail is sequentially folded in the reverse order of unfolding, and a rope is tied, so that the occupied space is reduced.
Sixth, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device adopts a 180-degree hinge and limiting block structure at key positions, is beneficial to quick opening and fixing of the device, and avoids the problems that a platform is sprung and difficult to fix and the like.
Seventh, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device is arranged outside the enclosing wall, and the height difference between the enclosing wall and the escape device is utilized to ensure that harmful smoke dust does not invade an evacuee.
Eighth, the external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device of the invention, the step with certain height is designed in the balcony body, thus being convenient for the old and the young to enter the device, reducing the time of entering the device, eliminating fear psychology to a certain extent, increasing personal safety coefficient and improving the escape efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the present invention in a folded state.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the present invention in a folded state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a partial structure in a folded state of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the present invention in a half-unfolded state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure in a half-unfolded state according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the invention after being unfolded.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the invention after being unfolded.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the invention after being unfolded.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the invention after deployment.
Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of F in fig. 7.
In the figure: 1-balcony body, 101-enclosure, 102-roof, 2-upper boss, 3-lower boss, 301-stopper, 4-first stage platform, 401-frame, 402-grid plate, 5-second stage platform, 6-rope, 7-cable, 701-rope sling, 8-180 DEG hinge, 9-first guardrail, 10-second guardrail, 11-couple A, 12-couple B, 13-stop gear, 1301-baffle, 1302-spring leaf, 14-step.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 10, an external folding high-rise building fire emergency escape device comprises a balcony body 1, wherein an enclosing wall 101 is arranged at the opening of the balcony body 1, and a top plate 102 is arranged above the balcony body 1; the outer side of the enclosing wall 101 is parallel to the lower boss 3 through an upper boss 2, the bottom end of the primary platform 4 is hinged to the lower boss 3, and a limiting block 301 is arranged on the outer side surface of the lower boss 3; the top end of the primary platform 4 is connected with a secondary platform 5 through a folding connecting piece, the primary platform 4 is detachably connected with a surrounding wall 101 through a rope 6, and the secondary platform 5 is connected with a top plate 102 through a guy rope 7; when the rope 6 is fixed on the enclosing wall 101, the folding connecting piece is closed, and the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 are parallel to the enclosing wall 101; when the rope 6 is unfolded from the enclosing wall 101, the folding connecting piece is unfolded, the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 form a common plane and are perpendicular to the enclosing wall 101, and the primary platform 4 is abutted against the upper surface of the limiting block 301; a first guardrail 9 is hinged between the upper boss 2 and the lower boss 3, and a second guardrail 10 is arranged on the secondary platform 5; in the present embodiment, the upper boss 2 and the lower boss 3 are mounted on the enclosure wall 101 by expansion bolts.
The limiting block 301 and the lower boss 3 are integrally formed, so that the stability of the limiting block 301 is enhanced, and the bottom end of the primary platform 4 is connected to the outer side surface of the lower boss 3 through a hinge; one end of the rope 6 is fixedly connected with the end of the primary platform 4 far away from the enclosing wall 101, and a hook A11 for tying the rope 6 is fixedly connected on the outer side surface of the enclosing wall 101.
The folding connecting piece is a 180-degree hinge 8, the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 are welded or connected between the 180-degree hinges 8 through bolts, the second guardrails 10 are welded on two sides and the outer side above the secondary platform 5, and the second guardrails 10 on two sides are fixedly connected with limiting mechanisms 13 for limiting the first guardrails 9 from rotating excessively.
The guy rope 7 is symmetrically and fixedly connected above the second guardrail 10 on the outer side, one end of the guy rope 7 is provided with a rope sleeve 701, the outer side surface of the top plate 102 is fixedly connected with a hook B12, and the guy rope 7 is fixedly connected on the hook B12 through the rope sleeve 701.
The first guardrail 9 is provided with two left and right foldable wings, and the upper end and the lower end of the first guardrail 9 are connected between the upper boss 2 and the lower boss 3 through hinges; when the first guardrail 9 is folded, the first guardrail is positioned between the upper boss 2 and the lower boss 3 and is parallel to the enclosing wall 101; when the first guardrail 9 is unfolded, the first guardrail is positioned at two sides of the primary platform 4 and clamped into the limiting mechanism 13.
The limiting mechanism 13 comprises a baffle 1301 and a spring piece 1302; the baffle 1301 is welded on the outer side of the second guardrail 10, and the spring piece 1302 is welded on the inner side of the second guardrail 10; when the first guard rail 9 is unfolded, the first guard rail 9 presses the spring piece 1302 and is clamped between the spring piece 1302 and the baffle 1301.
The primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 comprise rectangular frames 401, and grid plates 402 are welded on the inner sides of the frames 401.
The hook A11 and the hook B12 are expansion hooks, and the inhaul cable 7 is made of a steel wire rope.
Example 2: this embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and the main improvement is that when embodiment 1 is in use, since the enclosure 101 has a certain height, the aged and young people are less convenient to enter the escape device; in the present embodiment, however, the above-described drawbacks can be avoided, specifically:
A fixed or movable step 14 is arranged on the balcony body 1 at the inner side of the enclosing wall 101; the fixed step 14 can be formed by piling bricks and concrete; the movable step 14 can be formed by nailing a wood plate or by welding steel materials; in this embodiment, the steps 14 are formed by stacking bricks and concrete; the step 14 with a certain height is designed in the balcony body 1, so that the time for the old and the young to enter the device can be shortened conveniently, fear psychology can be eliminated to a certain extent, the personal safety coefficient can be increased, and the escape efficiency can be improved.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.
The specific working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
When the rope 6 is unfolded, the rope is firstly unfolded from the hook A11, then the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 are unfolded to be vertical to the enclosing wall 101, the lower end of the primary platform 4 is abutted against the limiting block 301, the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 are connected through the 180-degree hinge 8 and unfolded in a straight line, after the rope is unfolded, the rope is stably unfolded through extrusion between contact surfaces of the primary platform 4 and the secondary platform 5 and the 180-degree hinge 8, and the rope is unfolded to be vertical to the enclosing wall 101, so that the limiting block 301 limits the bouncing of the platform; then the first guardrail 9 of the primary platform 4 is unfolded, and finally the first guardrail 9 and the second guardrail 10 of the secondary platform 5 are fixed in a limiting mode through the spring piece 1302 and the baffle 1301, and the steel wire rope is in a fully-stretched state at the moment, so that the device is unfolded.
When the escape device is retracted, firstly, the limit of the spring piece 1302 and the baffle 1301 to the first guardrails 9 is relieved, then the first guardrails 9 on two sides of the primary platform 4 are rotated to the middle through the rotary hinges to retract parallel to the enclosing wall 101, then the frame 401 of the primary platform 4 is pulled up through the rope 6, the retraction of the primary platform 4 is realized by rotating the frame 401 upwards to parallel to the enclosing wall 101 through the rotary hinges, in the process, the secondary platform 5 is retracted and folded together with the primary platform 4 through the rotation of the 180-degree hinge 8 connected with the primary platform 4, and finally the rope 6 is tethered on the hook A11, so that the escape device is retracted.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An external folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device comprises a balcony body (1), wherein an enclosing wall (101) is arranged at the opening of the balcony body (1), and a top plate (102) is arranged above the balcony body (1); the method is characterized in that: an upper boss (2) and a lower boss (3) are arranged on the outer side of the enclosing wall (101) in parallel, the bottom end of the primary platform (4) is hinged to the lower boss (3), and a limiting block (301) is arranged on the outer side face of the lower boss (3); the top end of the primary platform (4) is connected with a secondary platform (5) through a folding connecting piece, the primary platform (4) is detachably connected to the enclosing wall (101) through a rope (6), and the secondary platform (5) is connected to the top plate (102) through a guy cable (7); when the rope (6) is fixed on the enclosing wall (101), the folding connecting piece is closed, and the primary platform (4) and the secondary platform (5) are parallel to the enclosing wall (101); when the rope (6) is unfolded from the enclosing wall (101), the folding connecting piece is unfolded, the primary platform (4) and the secondary platform (5) form a common plane and are perpendicular to the enclosing wall (101), and the primary platform (4) is abutted to the upper surface of the limiting block (301); a first guardrail (9) is hinged between the upper boss (2) and the lower boss (3), and a second guardrail (10) is arranged on the secondary platform (5);
The limiting block (301) and the lower boss (3) are integrally formed, and the bottom end of the primary platform (4) is connected to the outer side face of the lower boss (3) through a hinge; one end of the rope (6) is fixedly connected with the end of the primary platform (4) far away from the enclosing wall (101), and a hook A (11) for tying the rope (6) is fixedly connected on the outer side surface of the enclosing wall (101);
The folding connecting piece is a 180-degree hinge (8), the primary platform (4) and the secondary platform (5) are connected between the 180-degree hinges (8), the second guardrails (10) are fixedly connected to the two sides and the outer sides above the secondary platform (5), and the second guardrails (10) on the two sides are fixedly connected with limiting mechanisms (13) for limiting the excessive rotation of the first guardrails (9);
The guy cable (7) is symmetrically fixedly connected above the second guardrail (10) at the outer side, one end of the guy cable (7) is fixedly connected with a rope sleeve (701), the outer side surface of the top plate (102) is fixedly connected with a hook B (12), and the guy cable (7) is fixedly connected on the hook B (12) through the rope sleeve (701);
the first guard rail (9) is provided with two left and right foldable wings, and the upper end and the lower end of the first guard rail (9) are connected between the upper boss (2) and the lower boss (3) through hinges; when the first guardrail (9) is folded, the first guardrail is positioned between the upper boss (2) and the lower boss (3) and is parallel to the enclosing wall (101); when the first guardrail (9) is unfolded, the first guardrail is positioned at two sides of the primary platform (4) and clamped into the limiting mechanism (13);
The limiting mechanism (13) comprises a baffle plate (1301) and a spring piece (1302); the baffle plate (1301) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second guardrail (10), and the spring piece (1302) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second guardrail (10); when the first guardrail (9) is unfolded, the first guardrail (9) presses the spring piece (1302) and is clamped between the spring piece (1302) and the baffle plate (1301);
the primary platform (4) and the secondary platform (5) comprise rectangular frames (401), and grid plates (402) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the frames (401).
2. An external folding high-rise building fire emergency escape apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the hook A (11) and the hook B (12) are expansion hooks, and the inhaul cable (7) is made of a steel wire rope.
3. An external folding high-rise building fire emergency escape apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the balcony body (1) on the inner side of the enclosing wall (101) is provided with a fixed or movable step (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011555470.6A CN112618974B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | External folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011555470.6A CN112618974B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | External folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112618974A CN112618974A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| CN112618974B true CN112618974B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN202011555470.6A Active CN112618974B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | External folding type high-rise building fire emergency escape device |
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| CN113823137A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-21 | 沃迪克（北京）工业技术有限公司 | Emergency rescue training facility |
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| KR20100138392A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-31 | 주식회사 에스엠텍 | A safety balustrade for escaping emergency |
| CN201775881U (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2011-03-30 | 武汉理工大学 | High-rise rescue-awaiting platform |
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