CN112616737A - Breeding method for improving summer freshwater shrimp yield - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving summer freshwater shrimp yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616737A CN112616737A CN202011541375.0A CN202011541375A CN112616737A CN 112616737 A CN112616737 A CN 112616737A CN 202011541375 A CN202011541375 A CN 202011541375A CN 112616737 A CN112616737 A CN 112616737A
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000498251 Hydrilla Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 11
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000058338 Macrobrachium nipponense Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer, which is characterized in that a fertilizer-water mode in the freshwater shrimp cultivation process is adjusted, the consumption of decomposed organic fertilizer in the early stage fertilizer-water process is greatly reduced, and a compound modifier with a slow release function is added for compensating phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freshwater shrimp culture, in particular to a culture method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer.
Background
Freshwater shrimps, the academic name of macrobrachium nipponensis, are famous freshwater shrimp cultures in China. The freshwater shrimps are delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, and have great market potential. The freshwater shrimps have the characteristics of quick growth, short period and high economic benefit, and the artificial breeding of the freshwater shrimps is developed quickly and forms a certain scale. The artificial culture of the freshwater shrimps mainly comprises pond culture, paddy field culture, net cage culture and the like. However, the survival rate of the existing artificial freshwater shrimps is generally low. One important reason influencing the survival rate of the freshwater shrimps is that the freshwater shrimps have high requirements on water quality environment, and when the freshwater shrimps are cultured in summer, the water quality is poor due to high organic matter content in the water body, the phenomenon that the freshwater shrimps die in batches in large quantities easily occurs, and the yield of the freshwater shrimps is influenced to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a culture method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer.
The invention provides a culture method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, in the last 6 th month, emptying the water in the pond, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then airing the pond for 10-20 days, injecting water into the pond to 20-30cm, and splashing tea seed cake for pond cleaning;
s2, 3-5 days after pond cleaning, adding the enzymolysis feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier into the pond, and adding the decomposed organic fertilizer into the pond on the 2 nd day after the enzymolysis feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier is added;
s3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 2-4 days after adding the decomposed organic fertilizer;
injecting water into the pond every 7-10 days after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, wherein the water is injected for 20-30cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 100-;
after the shrimp seedlings are put in, putting feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the weight of the shrimps each time, and putting quicklime into the pond every other half month;
after the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
the ciliate insecticide is put into the pond once every 30 days in 8-11 months;
fishing the shrimps in 1-2 months in the next year.
Preferably, in the step S2, the preparation method of the enzymolysis feather powder-ground phosphate rock composite modifier is as follows: adding 20-40 mesh phosphate rock powder into a high-energy ball mill, and performing high-energy ball milling for 100-50 min under the conditions that the revolution speed is 200-300r/min and the ball-to-material ratio is (30-50):1 to obtain modified phosphate rock powder; mixing the modified phosphate rock powder, enzymolysis feather powder, zeolite powder, active carbon and corn starch according to a mass ratio of 1: (2-3): (0.3-0.5): (0.2-0.5) and (0.1-0.2), adding water until the water content is 15-20%, pressing into granules with diameter of 5-10mm, and drying.
Preferably, in the step S2, the adding amount of the ground phosphate rock-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier is 50-100kg/hm2。
Preferably, in the step S2, the adding amount of the decomposed organic fertilizer is 500-600kg/hm2。
Preferably, in step S3, the hydrilla verticillata coverage is 30-40%.
Preferably, in the step S4, the shrimp larvae putting amount is 80-120 ten thousand per hm2。
Preferably, in the step S4, the adding amount of the quicklime is 80-100kg/hm every time2。
Preferably, in the step S4, the ciliate insecticide is added in an amount of 5-8kg/hm2。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention firstly adopts a high-energy ball milling method to perform ball milling modification on the ground phosphate rock, increases the content and the release speed of soluble phosphorus in the ground phosphate rock, and then mixes and presses the ground phosphate rock, the enzymolysis feather meal, the zeolite powder, the active carbon and the corn starch according to a proper proportion into particles with the diameter of 5-10mm, thereby obtaining the ground phosphate rock-enzymolysis feather meal composite modifier. The zeolite powder and the activated carbon have the characteristics of large specific surface area and porosity, can play a role in coating and slow release after being mixed and pressed with the phosphorite powder and the enzymolysis feather powder into granules, and the corn starch is used as a binder, can be degraded after the granules are put into a water body to cause the granules to be gradually disintegrated, and also plays a role in controlling the release speed of nitrogen and phosphorus elements.
Compared with the traditional freshwater shrimp culture mode in summer, the invention greatly reduces the amount of decomposed organic fertilizer in the early stage of the water fertilization process, and meanwhile, by adding the phosphate rock powder-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier with the slow release function, the eutrophication and water quality reduction caused by excessive rich water and higher nitrogen and phosphorus content can be avoided, and sufficient nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer can be provided for the growth of aquatic weeds, so that the proper nitrogen and phosphorus supply amount can be maintained in the freshwater shrimp culture process, and the survival rate and the yield of the freshwater shrimps are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A breeding method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer comprises the following steps:
s1, in the last 6 th month, emptying the water in the pond, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then drying the pond for 20 days, injecting water into the pond to 20cm, and splashing tea seed cake for pond cleaning;
s2, adding the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier into the pond 5 days after the pond is cleaned, wherein the adding amount of the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier is 100kg/hm2(ii) a Adding rotten organic fertilizer into the pond on the 2 nd day after adding the phosphate rock powder-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier, wherein the adding amount of the rotten organic fertilizer is 600kg/hm2；
S3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 4 days after adding the decomposed organic fertilizer, wherein the coverage rate of the hydrilla verticillata is 40%;
after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, water is injected into the pond every 10 days, and the water is injected for 20cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 100cm, putting the shrimp seeds into the pond, wherein the putting amount of the shrimp seeds is 100 thousands/hm2；
After putting the shrimp larvae, putting feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the shrimp weight each time, putting quicklime into the pond every other half month, and the quicklime putting amount is 80-100kg/hm each time2；
After the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
the ciliate insecticide is put into the pond every 30 days in 8-11 months, and every timeThe dosage of the ciliate insecticide is 5-8kg/hm2；
Fishing the shrimps in 1-2 months in the next year.
In step S2, the preparation method of the ground phosphate rock-enzymatic feather powder composite modifier is as follows: adding 40-mesh phosphate rock powder into a high-energy ball mill, and performing high-energy ball milling for 150min under the conditions that the revolution speed is 300r/min and the ball-to-material ratio is 50:1 to obtain modified phosphate rock powder; mixing the modified phosphate rock powder, enzymolysis feather powder, zeolite powder, activated carbon and corn starch according to a mass ratio of 1: 3: 0.5: 0.5:0.2, adding water until the water content is 20%, pressing into granules with the diameter of 5-10mm, and drying to obtain the product.
Example 2
A breeding method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer comprises the following steps:
s1, in the last 6 th month, emptying the water in the pond, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then airing the pond for 10 days, injecting water into the pond to 30cm, and splashing tea seed cake for pond cleaning;
s2, adding the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier into the pond 3 days after the pond is cleaned, wherein the adding amount of the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier is 50kg/hm2(ii) a Adding decomposed organic fertilizer into the pond on the 2 nd day after adding the phosphate rock powder-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier, wherein the adding amount of the decomposed organic fertilizer is 500kg/hm2；
S3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 2 days after adding the decomposed organic fertilizer, wherein the coverage rate of the hydrilla verticillata is 30%;
after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, water is injected into the pond every 7 days, and the water is injected for 30cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 120cm, putting the shrimp seeds into the pond, wherein the putting amount of the shrimp seeds is 120 thousands/hm2；
After putting the shrimp larvae, putting feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the shrimp weight each time, putting quicklime into the pond every other half month, and the quicklime putting amount is 80-100kg/hm each time2；
After the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
putting ciliate insecticide into the pond every 30 days in 8-11 months, wherein the dosage of the ciliate insecticide is 5-8kg/hm2；
Fishing the shrimps in 1-2 months in the next year.
In step S2, the preparation method of the ground phosphate rock-enzymatic feather powder composite modifier is as follows: adding 20-mesh phosphate rock powder into a high-energy ball mill, and performing high-energy ball milling for 150min under the conditions that the revolution speed is 200r/min and the ball-to-material ratio is 30:1 to obtain modified phosphate rock powder; mixing the modified phosphate rock powder, enzymolysis feather powder, zeolite powder, active carbon and corn starch according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 0.3: 0.2:0.1, adding water until the water content is 15%, pressing into granules with the diameter of 5-10mm, and drying to obtain the product.
Example 3
A breeding method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer comprises the following steps:
s1, emptying water in the pond in 6 months and 3 days, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then drying the pond for 15 days, injecting water into the pond to 25cm, and splashing tea seed cake for cleaning the pond;
s2, adding the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier into the pond 4 days after the pond is cleaned, wherein the adding amount of the ground phosphate rock-enzymolyzed feather powder composite modifier is 75kg/hm2(ii) a Adding the phosphate rock powder-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier into the pond on the 2 nd day, and adding the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer into the pond, wherein the adding amount of the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer is 550kg/hm2；
S3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 3 days after adding the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer, wherein the coverage rate of the hydrilla verticillata is 35%;
after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, water is injected into the pond every 10 days, and the water is injected for 20cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 105cm, putting the shrimp seeds of Taihu lake I into the pond, wherein the putting amount of the shrimp seeds is 80 ten thousand per hm2；
After putting the shrimp larvae, putting the feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the weight of the shrimps each time, putting quicklime into the pond every other half month once, and the quicklime putting amount is80-100kg/hm2；
After the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
putting ciliate insecticide into the pond every 30 days in 8-11 months, wherein the dosage of the ciliate insecticide is 5-8kg/hm2；
Fishing the shrimps after 1 month and 11 days in the next year.
In step S2, the preparation method of the ground phosphate rock-enzymatic feather powder composite modifier is as follows: adding 30-mesh phosphate rock powder into a high-energy ball mill, and performing high-energy ball milling for 120min under the conditions that the revolution speed is 250r/min and the ball-to-material ratio is 40:1 to obtain modified phosphate rock powder; mixing the modified phosphate rock powder, enzymolysis feather powder, zeolite powder, active carbon and corn starch according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.5: 0.4: 0.25:0.15, adding water until the water content is 18%, pressing into granules with the diameter of 5-10mm, and drying to obtain the product.
Comparative example 1
The traditional method for breeding the freshwater shrimp in summer comprises the following steps:
s1, emptying water in the pond in 6 months and 3 days, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then drying the pond for 15 days, injecting water into the pond to 25cm, and splashing tea seed cake for cleaning the pond;
s2, adding decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer into the pond 6 days after the pond is cleaned, wherein the adding amount of the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer is 1100kg/hm2；
S3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 3 days after adding the decomposed pig manure organic fertilizer, wherein the coverage rate of the hydrilla verticillata is 35%;
after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, water is injected into the pond every 10 days, and the water is injected for 20cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 105cm, putting the shrimp seeds of Taihu lake I into the pond, wherein the putting amount of the shrimp seeds is 80 ten thousand per hm2；
After putting the shrimp larvae, putting feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the shrimp weight each time, putting quicklime into the pond every other half month, and the quicklime putting amount is 80-100kg/hm each time2；
After the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
putting ciliate insecticide into the pond every 30 days in 8-11 months, wherein the dosage of the ciliate insecticide is 5-8kg/hm2；
Fishing the shrimps after 1 month and 11 days in the next year.
The freshwater shrimp culture effects of example 3 and comparative example 1 were compared, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of the freshwater shrimp culture results
| Adult shrimp size (only/kg) | Yield (kg/hm)2) | |
| Example 3 | 201 | 1037 |
| Comparative example 1 | 213 | 812 |
Compared with the traditional freshwater shrimp culture mode in summer, the method greatly reduces the consumption of decomposed organic fertilizer in the early stage of the fertilizer water process, and meanwhile compensates nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer by adding the phosphate rock powder-enzymolysis feather powder composite modifier with the slow release function, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus contents are higher and the water quality is reduced due to excessive fertilizer water, and sufficient nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer can be provided for growth of aquatic plants, so that the proper phosphorus and nitrogen supply can be maintained in the freshwater shrimp culture process, and the survival rate and the yield of the freshwater shrimps are improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A culture method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, in the last 6 th month, emptying the water in the pond, splashing quicklime for disinfection, then airing the pond for 10-20 days, injecting water into the pond to 20-30cm, and splashing tea seed cake for pond cleaning;
s2, 3-5 days after pond cleaning, adding the enzymolysis feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier into the pond, and adding the decomposed organic fertilizer into the pond on the 2 nd day after the enzymolysis feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier is added;
s3, planting hydrilla verticillata in the pond 2-4 days after adding the decomposed organic fertilizer;
injecting water into the pond every 7-10 days after the hydrilla verticillata is planted, wherein the water is injected for 20-30cm every time;
s4, when the water depth reaches 100-;
after the shrimp seedlings are put in, putting feed into the pond twice a day, wherein the feed putting amount is 3-4% of the weight of the shrimps each time, and putting quicklime into the pond every other half month;
after the shrimp seedlings are put in, an oxygen increasing machine is used for increasing oxygen once every 2-3 days, and the oxygen increasing agent is used for increasing the oxygen twice every day in 8-9 months;
the ciliate insecticide is put into the pond once every 30 days in 8-11 months;
fishing the shrimps in 1-2 months in the next year.
2. The cultivation method for improving the yield of the summer freshwater shrimps as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the preparation method of the enzymolysis feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier comprises the following steps: adding 20-40 mesh phosphate rock powder into a high-energy ball mill, and performing high-energy ball milling for 100-50 min under the conditions that the revolution speed is 200-300r/min and the ball-to-material ratio is (30-50):1 to obtain modified phosphate rock powder; mixing the modified phosphate rock powder, enzymolysis feather powder, zeolite powder, active carbon and corn starch according to a mass ratio of 1: (2-3): (0.3-0.5): (0.2-0.5) and (0.1-0.2), adding water until the water content is 15-20%, pressing into granules with diameter of 5-10mm, and drying.
3. The cultivation method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S2, the amount of the enzymolytic feather powder-phosphate rock powder composite modifier is 50-100kg/hm2。
4. The cultivation method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the addition amount of the decomposed organic fertilizer in the step S2 is 500-600kg/hm2。
5. The cultivation method for improving the yield of summer freshwater shrimps as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrilla verticillata coverage rate in the step S3 is 30-40%.
6. The cultivation method for improving the summer freshwater shrimp yield as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step S4, the shrimp larvae putting amount is 80-120 ten thousand per hm2。
7. The cultivation method for improving the yield of freshwater shrimps in summer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the step S4, the amount of quicklime put in each time is 80-100kg/hm2。
8. The cultivation method for improving the summer freshwater shrimp yield as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step S4,the adding amount of ciliate pesticide is 5-8kg/hm2。
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