CN112608141A - 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112608141A
CN112608141A CN202010533736.0A CN202010533736A CN112608141A CN 112608141 A CN112608141 A CN 112608141A CN 202010533736 A CN202010533736 A CN 202010533736A CN 112608141 A CN112608141 A CN 112608141A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mixture
zinc oxide
drying
powder
zno
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010533736.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
龚文
张磊
潘俊乔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foshan Southern China Institute For New Materials
Original Assignee
Foshan Southern China Institute For New Materials
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foshan Southern China Institute For New Materials filed Critical Foshan Southern China Institute For New Materials
Priority to CN202010533736.0A priority Critical patent/CN112608141A/zh
Publication of CN112608141A publication Critical patent/CN112608141A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/453Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632Organic additives
    • C04B35/634Polymers
    • C04B35/63404Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63416Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64Burning or sintering processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/51Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
    • C04B41/5116Ag or Au
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/88Metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C17/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/28Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for applying terminals
    • H01C17/281Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for applying terminals by thick film techniques
    • H01C17/283Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
    • H01C17/285Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits applied to zinc or cadmium oxide resistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C17/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/30Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C7/00Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/105Varistor cores
    • H01C7/108Metal oxide
    • H01C7/112ZnO type
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3241Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3262Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
    • C04B2235/3267MnO2
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3275Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
    • C04B2235/3277Co3O4
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3279Nickel oxides, nickalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3294Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3298Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/658Atmosphere during thermal treatment
    • C04B2235/6583Oxygen containing atmosphere, e.g. with changing oxygen pressures
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/66Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
    • C04B2235/667Sintering using wave energy, e.g. microwave sintering

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法,涉及无铅压电陶瓷技术领域,该方案采用铋、锑、钴、镍、锰、铬、铝、硅、稀土元素进行掺杂,提高其电学性能。本发明使用微波烧结的工艺制备的氧化锌压敏电阻,相比传统的烧结工艺,相同配方下微波烧结的烧结温度更低,烧结时间更短,可降低氧化锌压敏电阻在生产过程中的能源使用,节能环保。

Description

一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于电子陶瓷元器件技术领域,尤其涉及一种微波烧结工艺制备用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的方法。
背景技术
ZnO压敏电阻避雷器具有非常优越的非线性特性、响应速度快、高能流通能力强等优异的电学性能,被广泛应用于电力系统、电网系统之中,作为抗浪涌冲击的保护设备。随着我国的超高压输电线路盒高速铁路的快速发展,国内对ZnO压敏电阻避雷器器件的需求量越来越高,对ZnO压敏电阻避雷器器件的电学性能也有着更高的要求。
传统的ZnO压敏电阻避雷器制备方法是使用箱式炉在1000°C以上进行烧结,温度较高而且保温时间长,制备过程能耗高。
微波烧结是一种新发展的特种烧结工艺,此工艺利用微波的作用下由材料内部介质损耗而产生热量进行加热的。加热过程中,材料内部分子或离子动能增加,降低了烧结活化能,具有传质速度快、加热均匀等特点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法,以解决背景技术中所提出的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案如下:
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,包括ZnO、Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2、In2O3以及稀土氧化物Sm2O3、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3混合组成;混合物中,ZnO的摩尔分数为93.5%~97%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.5%~1%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2的摩尔分数为1.5%~3.35%、In2O3的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%,稀土氧化物的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%。
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1中所述的物料和配比混合后形成混合物,向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干并造粒得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:400~500r/min,球磨时间:0.5h~4h;
(2)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7MPa~10MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min;
(3)将成型后的坯体样品在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz~24GHz的频率下800°C~1200°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷;
(4)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中550°~650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中,向所述混合物中加入Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2,加入总量不超过总量的5.1mol%。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中,还向所述混合物中加入SmO2、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3、In2O3其中一种或多种,加入总量不超过所述混合物的0.3%mol。
进一步地,所述步骤(1)中,还向所述混合物中加入PVA作为粘结剂辅料,加入总量为混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%。
进一步地,所述步骤(3)~(4)中,将所述步骤(2)中得到的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结工艺,在2.45GHz~24GHz的频率下,800°C~1200°C下烧结后,使用丝网印刷工艺两面印刷银电极,再在空气气氛中550°C~650°C热处理得到。
有益效果:本发明提供了一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法,采用微波烧结工艺,缩短了烧结时间并降低了烧结温度,降低了制备过程中的耗能,且在稀土氧化物或氧化铟的作用下控制ZnO晶体在烧结过程中的发育,使得所得产品具备良好得电学性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
本具体实施方法仅仅是对本发明的解释,并不是对本发明的限制。下述本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此未构成冲突就可以互相组合。
实施例一
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2、稀土氧化物Sm2O3构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中,ZnO的摩尔分数为94.9%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.1%、0.5%、1%、0.5%、0.4%、0.5%,Sm2O3的摩尔分数为0.3%。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:500r/min,球磨时间:30min上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7.5MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)将成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz的频率下900°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例二
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2和Al(NO3)3`9H2O构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中, Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.14%、0.55%、1.06%、0.5%、0.35%、0.88%,Al(NO3)3`9H2O的摩尔分数为0.01%,余量为ZnO。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:500r/min,球磨时间:30min上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7.5MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz的频率下900°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例三
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2、In2O3构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中,ZnO的摩尔分数为94.9%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.1%、0.5%、1%、0.5%、0.4%、0.5%,In2O3的摩尔分数为0.3%。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:480r/min,球磨时间:2h上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在8MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)将成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在24GHz的频率下950°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例四
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2、稀土氧化物CeO2构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中,ZnO的摩尔分数为94.90%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.1%、0.5%、1%、0.5%、0.4%、0.5%,CeO2的摩尔分数为0.3%。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:500r/min,球磨时间:2h上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7.5MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)将成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz的频率下1000°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例五
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2、稀土氧化物CeO2构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中,ZnO的摩尔分数为94.90%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.1%、0.5%、1%、0.5%、0.4%、0.5%,Y2O3的摩尔分数为0.3%。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:500r/min,球磨时间:2h上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7.5MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)将成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz的频率下1000°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例六
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,由ZnO、Bi2O3及Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2、稀土氧化物La2O3构成,制备方法包括以下步骤。
(1)将各粉料按所述摩尔质量称量。其中,ZnO的摩尔分数为94.90%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.8%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、SiO2的摩尔分数分别为1.1%、0.5%、1%、0.5%、0.4%、0.5%,La2O3的摩尔分数为0.3%。
(2)向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:500r/min,球磨时间:2h上述混合物球磨得到浆料所的浆料在90°C下烘干。
(3)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在10MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min。
(4)将成型后的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz的频率下1000°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷。
(5)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
实施例七
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,包括ZnO、Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2、In2O3以及稀土氧化物Sm2O3、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3混合组成;混合物中,ZnO的摩尔分数为93.5%~97%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.5%~1%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2的摩尔分数为1.5%~3.35%、In2O3的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%,稀土氧化物的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%。
一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1中所述的物料和配比混合后形成混合物,向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,加入PVA用于作为粘结剂辅料,加入总量为混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干并造粒得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:400~500r/min,球磨时间:0.5h~4h;
其中,向所述混合物中加入Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2,加入总量不超过总量的5.1mol%;
还向所述混合物中加入SmO2、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3、In2O3其中一种或多种,加入总量不超过所述混合物的0.3%mol;
(2)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7MPa~10MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min;
(3)将成型后的坯体样品在空气气氛中使用微波烧结工艺,在2.45GHz~24GHz的频率下,800°C~1200°C下烧结后,使用丝网印刷工艺两面印刷银电极,再在空气气氛中550°C~650°C热处理得到片式ZnO陶瓷;
(4)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干。烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中550°~650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻,其特征在于:包括ZnO、Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2、In2O3以及稀土氧化物Sm2O3、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3混合组成;混合物中,ZnO的摩尔分数为93.5%~97%,Bi2O3的摩尔分数为0.5%~1%,Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2的摩尔分数为1.5%~3.35%、In2O3的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%,稀土氧化物的摩尔分数为0%~0.3%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)按照权利要求1中所述的物料和配比混合后形成混合物,向上述混合物中加入粘结剂PVA和超纯水后使用球磨机进行球磨混合得到混合浆料,将所得浆料在90°C下烘干并造粒得到混合粉体;其中PVA为上述粉体混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%,超纯水与粉体的质量比为3:2,球磨速率:400~500r/min,球磨时间:0.5h~4h;
(2)将干燥后的粉体倒入模具,使用压片机将混合粉体在7MPa~10MPa下压制成型得到坯体并用鼓风干燥机150°C下干燥30min;
(3)将成型后的坯体样品在空气气氛中使用微波烧结炉在2.45GHz~24GHz的频率下800°C~1200°C下烧结,得到片式ZnO陶瓷;
(4)采用丝网印刷工艺为上述片式ZnO陶瓷两面印刷银电极浆料,使用鼓风干燥箱150°C下烘干,烘干完成后将其在空气气氛中550°~650°C下处理得到片式氧化锌压敏电阻。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,向所述混合物中加入Bi2O3、Sb2O3、Co3O4、NiO、MnO2、Cr2O3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、SiO2,加入总量不超过总量的5.1mol%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,还向所述混合物中加入SmO2、Y2O3、CeO2、La2O3、In2O3其中一种或多种,加入总量不超过所述混合物的0.3%mol。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,还向所述混合物中加入PVA作为粘结剂辅料,加入总量为混合物质量分数的0.003%~0.006%。
6.根据权利要求2至5任意一项所述的一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)~(4)中,将所述步骤(2)中得到的坯体在空气气氛中使用微波烧结工艺,在2.45GHz~24GHz的频率下,800°C~1200°C下烧结后,使用丝网印刷工艺两面印刷银电极,再在空气气氛中550°C~650°C热处理得到。
CN202010533736.0A 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法 Pending CN112608141A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010533736.0A CN112608141A (zh) 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010533736.0A CN112608141A (zh) 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112608141A true CN112608141A (zh) 2021-04-06

Family

ID=75224361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010533736.0A Pending CN112608141A (zh) 2020-06-12 2020-06-12 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112608141A (zh)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101823874A (zh) * 2010-04-01 2010-09-08 江苏大学 一种高非线性稀土氧化物掺杂的氧化锌压敏陶瓷材料
CN104671771A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 辽宁法库陶瓷工程技术研究中心 一种高电压梯度氧化锌基压敏电阻材料及其制备方法
CN108546111A (zh) * 2018-06-07 2018-09-18 清华大学 一种高电压梯度、低残压、低泄露电流的氧化锌压敏电阻陶瓷及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101823874A (zh) * 2010-04-01 2010-09-08 江苏大学 一种高非线性稀土氧化物掺杂的氧化锌压敏陶瓷材料
CN104671771A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 辽宁法库陶瓷工程技术研究中心 一种高电压梯度氧化锌基压敏电阻材料及其制备方法
CN108546111A (zh) * 2018-06-07 2018-09-18 清华大学 一种高电压梯度、低残压、低泄露电流的氧化锌压敏电阻陶瓷及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王迎军 主编: "《新型材料科学与技术 无机材料卷(上册)》", 31 October 2016, 华南理工大学出版社 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101700976B (zh) 一种高压避雷器用非线性电阻片的配方及其制造方法
CN102070337A (zh) 一种低温烧结铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷及其制备方法
CN104944935A (zh) 一种氧化锌压敏电阻陶瓷及其制备方法
CN112456998A (zh) 一种高介电常数的石榴石铁氧体材料及其制备方法
CN101279844A (zh) 复合稀土氧化物掺杂的氧化锌压敏陶瓷材料
CN108863336B (zh) 一种镍系微波铁氧体基片材料及其制备方法
CN101891474A (zh) 铌酸钾钠-钛酸铋钠钾压电陶瓷及其制备方法
CN102584210A (zh) 一种高压TiO2环形压敏电阻器的制备方法
CN114031402B (zh) 一种低温烧结微波介质材料MgZrNb2O8及其制备方法
CN107673755A (zh) 一种永磁铁氧体的制备方法
CN113354399A (zh) 低温共烧复合陶瓷材料及制备方法
CN102584233A (zh) 一种中高介电常数低温共烧陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN113024239A (zh) 一种宽温超低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法
CN109534806A (zh) 一种Li系微波介电陶瓷材料及其制备方法和用途
CN113336541B (zh) 一种双工器用低温共烧玻璃陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN104230321A (zh) M型钙永磁铁氧体及其制备方法
CN110171962A (zh) 一种低温共烧陶瓷微波与毫米波材料
CN102276249B (zh) 提高ZnO防雷芯片边缘工频耐受能力的方法
CN112608141A (zh) 一种用于高压避雷器的氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法
CN112010650A (zh) 一种低温烧结高品质因素微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法
CN102531579B (zh) 陶瓷介质材料及其制备方法和陶瓷电容器及其制备方法
CN104446437A (zh) 一种用于防雷的氧化锌半导瓷片及其制备方法
CN110627480A (zh) MgO-Al2O3-GeO2三元体系微波介质材料的制备方法
US3033792A (en) Method of manufacturing ferrite magnetostriction vibrators
CN112430082B (zh) 一种氧化锌匣钵及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20210406

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication