CN112557665B - 一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法。该确认试剂包括三羟甲基氨基甲烷、凝血因子X激活剂、兔脑磷脂、明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖、硫柳汞钠、氯化钙。本发明狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒通过调整稳定剂的浓度和组分,使狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒稳定性好、抗干扰能力强,试剂复溶2‑8℃放置可以稳定10天,冻干粉2‑8℃放置可以稳定2年。本发明稳定性优于一般的市售产品,使试剂得到充分利用,减少了试剂浪费,使医院很好的节约成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,特别涉及一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
狼疮抗凝物质(LA)是病理性循环抗凝物质,为IgG、IgM或两者混合型。LA通过识别磷脂结合凝血酶原,阻断活化的凝血因子Ⅴ与凝血酶原作用,抑制纤维蛋白的形成,在体外干扰APTT、PT、dRVVT凝血试验,致使凝血时间延长。
在体内,LA可激活血小板和(或)通过β2-GPI结合,诱导黏附分子、组织因子表达及补体活化而产生血栓前状态,促进血栓形成。LA与血管内皮细胞膜磷脂作用,干扰内皮细胞释放纤溶酶原激活物而抑制纤溶;LA与血小板膜磷脂作用,干扰花生四烯酸代谢,促进血小板活化;LA可抑制与磷脂相关的内源性抗凝物质,使血液凝固性增强。LA检测阳性患者中约有1/3发生血栓,最常见的是深静脉血栓、肺栓塞及大血管血栓、血小板减少症、产科表现为不明原因的习惯性流产、死胎、胎儿发育迟滞。因此,提供一种LA的检测试剂具有重要的现实意义。
检测原理:在受检血浆中加入确认试剂(LAC),凝血因子X激活剂直接激活凝血因子X成为活化的凝血因子X,在钙和过量磷脂的参与下使血液凝固,测定凝固时间,血浆中如果存在狼疮抗凝物(LA),磷脂会中和狼疮抗凝物(LA),测定血浆凝固时间会在正常参考范围内。此检验,主要用于经过狼疮抗凝物(LA)筛选试剂(LAS)筛选血浆样本后的异常样本(凝固时间超出正常参考范围)的确认。
现有的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂存在稳定性差的问题,而且标本中的血红蛋白、胆红素、甘油三酯、肝素会干扰检测结果的准确性。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法。该狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)具有高稳定性、对其它干扰物质的抗干扰能力强、高灵敏度的优点。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂,包括凝血因子X激活剂、兔脑磷脂、缓冲液、明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖、硫柳汞钠和氯化钙;
确认试剂中各组分用量为:
在本发明中,检测试剂中脑磷脂选自兔脑磷脂,相比卵磷脂、猪脑磷脂、牛脑磷脂、大豆磷脂、花生磷脂、合成磷脂等,兔脑磷脂配合本发明确认试剂中其它试剂后使得确认试剂的稳定性更强,从而本发明试剂具备了稳定性好、保质期长等特点;
检测试剂中缓冲液为Tris-Hcl缓冲溶液,相比磷酸盐缓冲液、碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液、柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液、HEPES缓冲液,PH为7.4的Tris-HCl缓冲液配合本发明确认试剂中其它试剂后使得确认试剂的稳定性更强,从而本发明试剂具备了稳定性好、保质期长等特点;
现有技术中,冻干保护剂、稳定剂一般有糖类(蔗糖、海藻糖、乳糖、葡萄糖等)、聚合物类(聚乙二醇、pvp、明胶、聚乙烯亚胺等)、氨基酸类(甘氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、懒氨酸等),本发明优选明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖的组合作为本发明冻干保护剂、稳定剂,配合本发明确认试剂中其它试剂后使得确认试剂的稳定性更强,从而本发明试剂具备了稳定性好、保质期长等特点;
检测试剂中防腐剂优选硫柳汞钠,相比叠氮钠、硫柳汞钠、山梨酸钾、乳酸钠等防腐剂有,硫柳汞钠作为本发明的防腐剂,配合本发明确认试剂中其它试剂后使得确认试剂的稳定性更强,从而本发明试剂具备了稳定性好、保质期长等特点。
作为优选,确认试剂中各组分用量为:
优选地,确认试剂中各组分用量为:
更优选地,确认试剂中各组分用量为:
作为优选,确认试剂还包括水,1L确认试剂中各组分用量为:
作为优选,1L确认试剂中各组分用量为:
优选地,1L确认试剂中各组分用量为:
更优选地,1L确认试剂中各组分用量为:
本发明该提供了该确认试剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将三羟甲基氨基甲烷、凝血因子X激活剂、兔脑磷脂、明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖、硫柳汞钠、氯化钙混匀;
或者,先将三羟甲基氨基甲烷溶于水中,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂、兔脑磷脂、明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖、硫柳汞钠、氯化钙混匀,调节pH到7.5~8.5。
作为优选,调节pH到8.0。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中,确认试剂的制备方法为:称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷2~5g溶于800mL去离子水中,充分搅拌15~20min,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂80~100U,兔脑磷脂5~50mg,明胶20~25g,甘氨酸35~40g,海藻糖10~15g,硫柳汞钠0.1~0.5g,氯化钙1.2~1.8g搅拌20~50min,定容到1升,调节pH到8.0,该液体即为狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)。
本发明还提供了确认试剂或试剂盒的使用方法,取待测血浆与确认试剂1:1混合,测定凝固所需时间,即得待测血浆的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)检测时间。
本发明提供了一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法。该确认试剂包括三羟甲基氨基甲烷、凝血因子X激活剂、兔脑磷脂、明胶、甘氨酸、海藻糖、硫柳汞钠、氯化钙。与现有技术相比,本技术具有以下优点:
本发明狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒通过调整稳定剂的浓度和组分,使狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒稳定性好、抗干扰能力强,试剂复溶2-8℃放置可以稳定10天,冻干粉2-8℃放置可以稳定2年。本发明稳定性优于一般的市售产品,使试剂得到充分利用,减少了试剂浪费,使医院很好的节约成本。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种狼疮抗凝物的确认试剂及其制备方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明提供狼疮抗凝物确认检测的试剂(LAC)是由下述原料配制而成:三羟甲基氨基甲烷2~5g,凝血因子X激活剂80~100U,兔脑磷脂10~15mg,明胶20~25g,甘氨酸35~40g,海藻糖10~15g,硫柳汞钠0.1~0.5g,氯化钙1.2~1.8g,其余是去离子水,最终总体积为1升。
制备方法:称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷2~5g溶于800mL去离子水中,充分搅拌15~20min,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂80~100U,兔脑磷脂10~15mg,明胶20~25g,甘氨酸35~40g,海藻糖10~15g,硫柳汞钠0.1~0.5g,氯化钙1.2~1.8g搅拌20~50min,定容到1升,调节pH到8.0,该液体即为狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)。
该试剂手工法检测原理:加入待测血浆到玻璃管中,37℃预温1min后,在血浆中加入预温本发明试剂,然后记录从加入试剂到血液凝固时间。即为待测血浆的狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)时间。
表1本发明确认试剂的使用方法
本发明提供的测定试剂及其应用及含有该试剂的试剂盒中所用原料及试剂均可由市场购得。
下面结合实施例,进一步阐述本发明:
实施例1
称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g溶于800mL去离子水中,充分搅拌15~20min,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂80U,兔脑磷脂10mg,明胶20g,甘氨酸35g,海藻糖15g,硫柳汞钠0.1g,氯化钙1.2g搅拌20~50min,定容到1升,调节PH到8.0,该溶液即为狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)。
实施例2
称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷3g溶于800mL去离子水中,充分搅拌15~20min,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂90U,兔脑磷脂12mg,明胶22g,甘氨酸37g,海藻糖10g,硫柳汞钠0.3g,氯化钙1.5g搅拌20~50min,定容到1升,调节PH到8.0,该溶液即为狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)。
实施例3
称取三羟甲基氨基甲烷5g溶于800mL去离子水中,充分搅拌15~20min,然后加入凝血因子X激活剂100U,兔脑磷脂15mg,明胶25g,甘氨酸40g,海藻糖14g,硫柳汞钠0.5g,氯化钙1.8g搅拌20~50min,定容到1升,调节PH到8.0,该液体即为狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂(LAC)。
试验例1本发明狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂盒(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂盒(LAC)开瓶复溶稳定性对比试验
1、本发明实施例1提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒(LAC)开封后复溶在2-8℃条件下的稳定性
将本发明实施例1提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒(LAC)开封复溶后置于2-8℃条件下保存,每天在Coatron3000血凝仪上用同一正常质控(33-48s)进行测试,结果见表2。
表2与市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)开瓶复溶稳定性对比
注:市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂,由鲁塞尔氏蝰蛇毒、磷脂、抗肝素剂、钙、缓冲液、稳定剂、叠氮钠和染料组成。
表2表明本发明实施例1提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)开瓶复溶后的稳定性显著优于市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC),本发明狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)开瓶复溶后可以稳定10天而市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)只能放置3天左右。
将本发明实施例2、实施例3制备的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)进行上述试验,结果与实施例1制备的试剂的结果相近,无显著差异。表明本发明提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性显著提高。
2、本发明实施例1提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)冻干粉复溶后37℃加速热稳定性相比较
本发明实施例1提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)复溶后保存在37℃下连续测定24小时,对质控血浆进行检测,结果仍较稳定,而市售的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)复溶后在第10小时以后就发生了变化,结果说明本发明实施例1的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性较好,37℃放置时间长,为医院降低了一定的成本和开销。(结果见表3)。
表3本发明狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)复溶后37℃加速热稳定性对比试验
将本发明实施例2、实施例3制备的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)进行上述试验,结果与实施例1制备的试剂的结果相近,无显著差异。表明本发明提供的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性较好,37℃放置时间长,为医院降低了一定的成本和开销。
试验例2本发明狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂盒(LAC)和市售狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂盒(LAC)抗干扰性能对比试验
本发明狼疮抗凝物筛选试剂盒(LAC)通过调整稳定剂的浓度和组分,使狼疮抗凝物筛选试剂盒稳定性高、抗干扰能力强,对标本中含有血红蛋白(0-300mg/dL)、胆红素(0-20mg/dL)、甘油三酯(0-800mg/dL)、肝素(0-300IU/dL)时,检测结果不受影响。检测结果如下:
表4市售狼疮抗凝物确认检测试剂盒(LAC)抗干扰性能检测结果
表5本发明实施例1狼疮抗凝物确认试剂盒(LAC)抗干扰性能检测结果
试验例3本发明狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)所需脑磷脂的筛选
本发明确认试剂中,在其它试剂组分选定后,探讨不同来源的磷脂对试剂稳定性的影响,在37℃下对质控血浆进行检测,连续测定20小时,结果如表6所示。
表6 37℃下不同种类的脑磷脂对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
从表6中可以看出,用兔脑磷脂制成的狼疮抗凝物确认试剂,其稳定性远好于其它来源的磷脂配制成的试剂。
试验例4稳定剂、冻干保护剂对对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
1.不同种类的聚合物对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,在此条件下,探讨添加聚合物类物质对LAC的稳定性的影响。分别添加3%的聚乙二醇、pvp、明胶、聚乙烯亚胺,37℃保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表7。
表7在37℃下添加不同种类的聚合物对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
从表7可知,明胶对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂的稳定性效果最佳。
2.不同种类的氨基酸对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,在此条件下,探讨添加氨基酸类物质对LAC的稳定性的影响。分别添加3%的甘氨酸、精氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸(盐酸盐),37℃保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表8。
表8在37℃下添加不同种类的氨基酸对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
从表8可知,甘氨酸对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂的稳定性效果最佳。
3.不同种类的糖类对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,在此条件下,探讨添加糖类物质对LAC的稳定性的影响。分别添加2%的蔗糖、海藻糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇,37℃保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表9。
表9在37℃下添加不同种类的糖类物质对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)的稳定性的影响
从表9可知,海藻糖对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂的稳定性效果最佳。
4.不同浓度的明胶对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,以此为基础,添加3%的甘氨酸、2%的海藻糖,在此条件下,分别添加1%-6%的明胶,探讨明胶浓度对LAC的稳定性的影响。LAC在37℃下保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表10。
表10在37℃下明胶含量对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
由表10可知,在上述确认试剂的组分中,选择添加1%~5%的明胶,能有效地保证狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)在37℃稳定20个小时。
5.不同浓度的甘氨酸对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,以此为基础,再添加2%的海藻糖、1-5%的明胶(浓度设置:1%、2%、3%、4%、5%),在此条件下,分别添加1%-6%的甘氨酸,探讨甘氨酸浓度对LAC的稳定性的影响。LAC在37℃下保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表11。
表11在37℃下甘氨酸含量对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
从表11可以看出,在上述确认试剂的组分中,选择添加1%~5%的甘氨酸,能有效地保证狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)在37℃稳定20个小时。
6.不同浓度的海藻糖对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
1L狼疮抗凝物确认试剂组分中,含有:凝血因子X激活剂80U、兔脑磷脂10mg、三羟甲基氨基甲烷2g、硫柳汞钠0.1g、氯化钙1.2g,以此为基础,再添加1~5%的甘氨酸(浓度设置:1%、2%、3%、4%、5%)、1-5%的明胶(浓度设置:1%、2%、3%、4%、5%),在此条件下,分别添加0.5-3.5%的海藻糖,探讨海藻糖浓度对LAC的稳定性的影响。LAC在37℃下保存,定时对质控血浆进行检测,试验结果见表12。
表12在37℃下0。海藻糖含量对狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)稳定性的影响
从表12可以看出,在上述确认试剂的组分中,选择添加0.5%~3.0%的海藻糖,能有效地保证狼疮抗凝物确认试剂(LAC)在37℃稳定22个小时。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
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