CN112552474B - 用于喷涂法制备低密度热力管道的组合料 - Google Patents
用于喷涂法制备低密度热力管道的组合料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供用于喷涂法制备环保低密度热力管道的组合料,所述组合料发泡剂为化学发泡剂,该发泡剂包括甲酸和水。所述组合料制备原料包括A组分和B组分;其中,A组分为异氰酸酯组分;B组分为多元醇、催化剂、表面活性剂、改性聚醚、降粘剂和化学发泡剂的混合物。本发明的组合料,发泡剂为纯化学发泡剂,环保性好;改性聚醚为环己醇的环氧乙烷衍生物,其可以改善全水发泡体系导热系数高的特点;而且由于甲酸配方容易导致闭孔率低,该醚在促进体系相容性好的同时,也降低体系粘度增加混合效果,对改善闭孔率有帮助。由其制得的聚氨酯泡沫,密度较低的情况下也能达到良好性能,成品密度可达60‑78kg/m3。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于硬泡保温管生产领域,特别是涉及一种用于喷涂法制备热力管道的组合料,且该喷涂组合料环保。
背景技术
一般城市集中供热管道的保温层必须采用隔热性能好、不吸潮、使用寿命长、维修费用低的保温材料,硬质聚氨酯泡沫因可满足这些苛刻的要求而被广泛采用。
公开专利CN103159908 A公开了一种喷涂法预制直埋保温管的方法,该方法可代替传统浇筑法生产保温管,但以HCFC-141B作为发泡剂,不环保。
公开专利CN101039979 A公开了一种环戊烷为发泡剂制作聚氨酯管道的方法,该方法达到替代HCFC-141B的目的,但环戊烷易燃易爆,喷涂法使用比较危险,且对设备要求较高,需进行改造。
公开专利CN103819644 A公开了一种浇筑法生产直埋保温管的方法,该方法生产效率较低,且投料密度比较大,对聚氨酯发泡料的浪费也比较大,浇筑对聚乙烯外护管(PE)的张力较大,故PE的厚度同喷涂法生产相比也厚很多。
公开专利CN104877105 A公开了一种聚氨酯硬泡组合料及其制备方法,该方法使用HFC-365mfc/227ea作为发泡剂,成本较高,且不环保。
公开专利CN107868218 A公开了一种连续式喷涂法生产保温管道的聚氨酯硬泡组合料,该方法主要用的纯水作为发泡剂,因前期的热量起不来,很难让配方水在前期完全反应,密度较难降低,导致投料密度高,成本高。
公开专利CN101257947 A公开了一种用于甲酸发泡的聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫的催化剂体系以及生产该聚异氰脲酸酯硬质泡沫的方法和可由这种方法得到的聚异氰酸酯硬质泡沫。该方法制得的组合料无法应用于管道喷涂体系,且含有物理发泡剂戊烷,易燃易爆。
因此,需要一种环保型的喷涂组合料,可以解决上述组合料不环保、不安全、生产效率低、浪费大、成本高、投料密度高的问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种用于喷涂法制备低密度热力管道的组合料,具有环保、投料密度低、安全性好、成本低等优势。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种用于环保型化学发泡剂喷涂法制备低密度热力管道组合料,所述组合料发泡剂为化学发泡剂,该发泡剂包括甲酸和水。所述组合料制备原料包括A 组分和B组分;其中,A组分为异氰酸酯组分;B组分为多元醇、表面活性剂、改性聚醚、催化剂、降粘剂和化学发泡剂的混合物。以下所述的份为重量份。
优选地,A组分和B组分的质量比为(1.3-1.7):1。
本领域技术人员理解,本发明的组合料中,A组分和B组分分隔储存,即 A组分和B组分避免接触,分开放置。
优选地,在所述B组,在所述B组分中,所述多元醇起始剂为山梨醇、甘油、蔗糖、二甘醇、丙二醇、4-甲基邻苯二胺OTDA、乙二胺、壬基酚、乙醇胺等,并与环氧丙烷开环聚合得到的聚醚多元醇。优选重量份数为24-35的山梨醇和甘油混合起始的聚醚多元醇、重量份数为27-35的蔗糖和二甘醇混合起始的聚醚多元醇、重量份数为18-25的丙二醇聚醚多元醇。在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述B组分的总重量份数可以为100。
在一种优选的实施方式中,所述山梨醇和甘油混合起始聚醚多元醇可以为在25℃下,羟值为450-500mgKOH/g、粘度为4000-11000mPa·s,并且为纯PO 开环聚合的多元醇;所述蔗糖和二甘醇混合起始聚醚多元醇可以为在25℃下,羟值为400-450mgKOH/g、粘度为4000-7000mPa·s,并且为纯PO开环聚合的聚醚多元醇;丙二醇聚醚多元醇为在25℃下,羟值为110-170mgKOH/g、粘度为100-160mPa·s,并且为纯PO开环聚合的多元醇。这几种聚醚复配,可以使泡沫骨架很快达到一定的强度,以承受管子的重量;同时又结合山梨醇和二甘醇的韧性,使泡沫在承重过程中不会被压裂。
在本发明中,所述A组分可以为二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯、三异氰酸酯和四异氰酸酯中的任意一种或多种的组合;优选为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯;进一步优选为官能度为2.6-2.7的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯,以提高制得的组合料的性能。在一种实施方式中,所述A组分为多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
在本发明中,所述降粘剂选自优选为丙烯酯、烷酮类有机物、磷酸三(2- 氯丙基)酯、磷酸三乙酯、有机硅低聚物、邻苯二甲酸酯、脂肪族二元酸酯、异丁酸酯、苯多酸酯、环氧烃类、和烷基磺酸酯中的任意一种或多种的组合;优选为丙烯酯、烷酮类有机物、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯和磷酸三乙酯中的一种或多种;进一步优选为碳酸丙烯酯和/或磷酸三乙酯。
在本发明中,所述表面活性剂为硅氧烷类表面活性剂,例如:B84806、 AK8805、东峻H3636、DC193、M88108、B8423、B84806、Y16368、B8404、 AK8812中的任意一种或多种的组合,优选为M88108和B84806。本领域技术人员了解,B84806、AK8805、东峻H3636、DC193、M88108、B8423、B84806、 Y16368、B8404、AK8812均为混合物,且均为表面活性剂,均为透明液体,可以商业够买得到,比如购自赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司。
在本发明中,所述催化剂可以为胺类催化剂和/或有机金属盐类催化剂;
所述胺类催化剂为双(二甲胺基乙基)醚、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N-二甲基环己胺、三乙烯二胺、三乙胺、1,4-二甲基哌嗪、N,N-二甲基苄胺和双(2- 二甲氨基乙基)醚中的任意一种或多种的组合;优选为双(二甲胺基乙基)醚、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N-二甲基环己胺和三乙烯二胺的组合;
所述有机金属盐类催化剂为醋酸钾、辛酸亚锡、异辛酸钾和二月桂酸二丁基锡中的任意一种或多种的组合;优选为二月桂酸二丁基锡、异辛酸钾和醋酸钾的组合;优选地,所述化学发泡剂为甲酸和水。
本领域技术人员理解,用作发泡剂的水可以是自来水,也可以是去离子水。
本发明中,所述改性聚醚为环己醇环氧乙烷衍生物;优选每个分子环氧乙烷接支个数为5~9个,更优选n=6,化学结构式如下:
改性聚醚可以改善全水发泡体系导热系数高的特点;另外由于甲酸配方容易导致闭孔率低,其在促进体系相容性好的同时,也降低体系粘度,粘度低黑白料混合会更好,对改善闭孔率有帮助。
本领域技术人员理解,本发明的组合料在制备聚氨酯泡沫时,可以将A组分和B组分机械混合喷涂,从而得到聚氨酯泡沫。
本发明的组合料在制备聚氨酯泡沫时,可按照常规方法制备。在一种实施方式中,将组合料中的A组分与B组分按照比例加入料罐中并经高压机或喷涂机喷在旋转并匀速前进的钢管上自动固化成型,制得聚氨酯泡沫;优选地,混合发泡条件为:料温45-50℃,表压700-850psi。
由本发明所述的聚氨酯硬泡组合料制得的聚氨酯保温管泡沫密度较低的情况下也能达到良好性能,成品密度可达60-78kg/m3,吸水率≤8%,闭孔率≥90%, 50℃导热系数≤0.033W/(mK),径向压缩强度≥0.3Mpa。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明技术方案及其效果做进一步说明。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明的内容,并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。应用本发明的构思对本发明进行的简单改变都在本发明要求保护的范围内。
以下实施例和对比例中用到的原料来源如下:
山梨醇和甘油混合起始聚醚多元醇:R6305B(25℃下,粘度为4000mPa's,羟值为500mgKOH/g)购自句容宁武新材料发展有限公司;R2490(25℃下,粘度为11000mPa's、羟值为500mgKOH/g),购自万华化学(宁波)容威聚氨酯有限公司;
蔗糖和二甘醇混合起始聚醚多元醇:R420(25℃下,粘度为7000mPa's,羟值为430mgKOH/g)、R4110B(25℃下,粘度为4000mPa's、羟值为440 mgKOH/g),购自万华化学(宁波)容威聚氨酯有限公司;
丙二醇聚醚多元醇:C2010(25℃下,粘度为150mPa's,羟值为112 mgKOH/g)、C2007(25℃下,粘度为100mPa's,羟值为170mgKOH/g)、C2010B (25℃下,粘度为160mPa's,羟值为115mgKOH/g),购自万华化学(宁波)容威聚氨酯有限公司;
降粘剂:碳酸丙烯酯,简称PC,购自上海泰坦科技股份有限公司;磷酸三乙酯,简称TEP,购自青岛长荣化工科技有限公司;
表面活性剂:M88108和B84806,购自赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司;
胺类催化剂:双(二甲胺基乙基)醚、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、三乙烯二胺、 N,N-二甲基环己胺,购自赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司;
有机金属盐类催化剂:二月桂酸二丁基锡、异辛酸钾、醋酸钾,新典化学材料(上海)有限公司;
改性聚醚:环己醇环氧乙烷衍生物,C1104、n=6;C1104-A、n=5;C1104-B、 n=9;均购自万华化学集团股份有限公司。
发泡剂:甲酸,购自上海泰坦科技股份有限公司;
异氰酸酯:官能度为2.6-2.7的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯,PM200,购自万华化学集团股份有限公司。
实施例1-5(即S1-5)及对比例1-2(即D1-2)
根据表1和表2中各成分及其用量进行组合料中B组分的制备。
表1 S1-5中B组分的各成分及其用量
表2 D1-2中B组分的各成分及其用量
组合料中A组分为PM200,将A组分与B组分按照表3中的质量比加入料罐中并经高压机或喷涂机进行混合发泡,分别制得聚氨酯泡沫1-7;其中,混合发泡条件为:料温为45-50℃左右,表压800psi。聚氨酯泡沫1-5的物理性能见表4。
表3 S1-5和D1-2中A组分和B组分的质量比
S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | D1 | D2 | |
mA组分:mB组分 | 1.5:1 | 1.6:1 | 1.4:1 | 1.7:1 | 1.3:1 | 1.5:1 | 1.6:1 |
表4 S1-5和D1-2中制得的聚氨酯泡沫1-7的物理性能
根据表1、3、4可知,实施例1-5的组合料均能够制备得到符合技术指标的聚氨酯泡沫。
根据表2-4可知,对比例1-2的组合料制备得到的聚氨酯泡沫达不到技术指标的要求。
根据实施例1-5及对比例1-2的比较可知,对比例对应的组合料不合格,由其制得的聚氨酯泡沫不仅密度高,导热系数偏高,闭孔率偏低;达不到技术指标的要求。
Claims (13)
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合料,其特征在于,A组分和B组分的质量比为(1.3-1.7):1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合料,其特征在于,在B组分中,所述多元醇是以山梨醇、甘油、蔗糖、二甘醇、丙二醇、4-甲基邻苯二胺、乙二胺、壬基酚、乙醇胺中的一种或多种为起始剂,并与环氧丙烷开环聚合得到的聚醚多元醇。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述多元醇为重量份数为24-35的山梨醇和甘油混合起始的聚醚多元醇、重量份数为27-35的蔗糖和二甘醇混合起始的聚醚多元醇、重量份数为18-25的丙二醇聚醚多元醇。
5.根据权利要求3所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述山梨醇和甘油混合起始聚醚多元醇为在25℃下,羟值为450-500mgKOH/g、粘度为4000-11000mPa·s,并且为纯PO开环聚合的多元醇;和/或,所述蔗糖和二甘醇混合起始聚醚多元醇为在25℃下,羟值为400-450mgKOH/g、粘度为4000-7000mPa·s,并且为纯PO开环聚合的聚醚多元醇;和/或,丙二醇聚醚多元醇为在25℃下,羟值为110-170mgKOH/g、粘度为100-160mPa·s,并且为纯PO开环聚合的多元醇。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述A组分为二异氰酸酯、多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯、三异氰酸酯和四异氰酸酯中的任意一种或多种的组合。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述A组分为官能度为2.6-2.7的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
8.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述降粘剂选自丙烯酯、烷酮类有机物、磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯、磷酸三乙酯、有机硅低聚物、邻苯二甲酸酯、脂肪族二元酸酯、异丁酸酯、苯多酸酯、环氧烃类、和烷基磺酸酯中的任意一种或多种的组合。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述降粘剂为碳酸丙烯酯和/或磷酸三乙酯。
10.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为硅氧烷类表面活性剂:B84806、AK8805、东峻H3636、DC193、M88108、B8423、B84806、Y16368、B8404、AK8812中的任意一种或多种的组合。
11.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述催化剂为胺类催化剂和/或有机金属盐类催化剂;
所述胺类催化剂为双(二甲胺基乙基)醚、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N,N-二甲基环己胺、三乙烯二胺、三乙胺、1,4-二甲基哌嗪、N,N-二甲基苄胺和双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚中的任意一种或多种的组合;所述有机金属盐类催化剂为醋酸钾、辛酸亚锡、异辛酸钾和二月桂酸二丁基锡中的任意一种或多种的组合。
12.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的组合料,其特征在于,所述改性聚醚为每个分子环氧乙烷接枝个数n=6。
13.一种聚氨酯泡沫,通过权利要求1-12中任一项所述的组合料制备得到,成品密度为60-78kg/m3,吸水率≤8%,闭孔率≥90%,50℃导热系数≤0.033W/(mK),径向压缩强度≥0.3Mpa。
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