CN112544564A - Management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before breeding - Google Patents
Management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544564A CN112544564A CN202011427421.4A CN202011427421A CN112544564A CN 112544564 A CN112544564 A CN 112544564A CN 202011427421 A CN202011427421 A CN 202011427421A CN 112544564 A CN112544564 A CN 112544564A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/50—Livestock or poultry management
- Y02P60/52—Livestock or poultry management use of renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The application relates to a management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before breeding, which comprises the following steps: building a boar house: the boar house is naturally ventilated and comprises a backup feeding fence, a young feeding fence and an adult feeding fence, and an anti-skid floor is laid on the ground of the boar house; managing a breeding environment: adding an air conditioner and a fan in the boar house, and controlling the temperature in the boar house to be between 15 and 27 ℃; feeding management: dividing the feeding amount of one day into two meals for feeding in the morning and at night, cleaning the feed tank in time, and supplying fresh drinking water 24 hours all day; managing a replacement boar vaccine: starting an immunization program when the backup boar is 5-6 months old or the weight of the backup boar reaches 90kg, and inoculating the vaccine once every other week; managing the production of boar vaccines; production boar health management: the produced boar is purified once every 2-3 months by using the medicine. This application has the effect that promotes boar's semen quality and hybridization ability, and it is with low costs to cultivate.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a management method for improving breeding capacity of boars on the premise of hybridization.
Background
The boar plays an important role in the breeding process of the swinery, and the goal of breeding the boar is to ensure that the boar has good semen quality and breeding capability and complete the breeding task. The breeding of the boars is the life line and benefit of livestock breeding enterprises, but the current boar breeding methods are common, the breeding process is relatively original, the semen quality and the breeding capacity of the boars obtained by breeding are generally poor in the process of breeding the boars in batches, and the breeding cost is high, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the semen quality and the breeding capacity of the boars, the management method for improving the breeding capacity of the boars before breeding is provided.
The application provides a management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before hybridization, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before breeding comprises the following steps:
building a boar house: the pigsty is naturally ventilated and comprises a backup feeding fence, a young feeding fence and an adult feeding fence, wherein backup boars with the weight of less than 80 kg are fed in the backup feeding fence in a group manner, young boars are fed in the young feeding fence in a single manner, adult boars are fed in the adult feeding fence in a single manner, and an anti-skidding floor is laid on the ground of the pigsty;
managing a breeding environment: adding an air conditioner and a fan inside the boar house, keeping the temperature in the boar house between 15 and 27 ℃, and keeping the humidity in the boar house between 45 and 70 percent;
feeding management: for spare boars with the weight of less than 100 kg, the spare boars are allowed to freely eat the breeding pig feed; for reserve boars of more than 100 kg, feeding the boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; feeding the young boars and the adult boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; in the process of feeding the boars, the feeding amount of one day is divided into two meals for feeding in the morning and at night, the feed tank is cleaned in time, and fresh drinking water is supplied 24 hours all day;
managing a replacement boar vaccine: starting an immunization program when the backup boar is 5-6 months old or the weight of the backup boar reaches 90kg, and inoculating the vaccine once every other week;
managing the production of boar vaccines: inoculating 2 parts/head of classical swine fever vaccine passage cell seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of fine inactivated seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of pseudorabies vaccine every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of foot and mouth disease inactivated seedlings every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every middle ten days of March every year, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every last 9 months every year, and inoculating 1 part/head of diarrhea vaccine every last 9 months every year and strengthening the inoculation every 20 days later;
production boar health management: the produced boar is purified once every 2-3 months by using the medicine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the life habits and the breeding standards of the backup boars, the young boars and the adult boars are different, the backup boars, the young boars and the adult boars are separately bred, batch breeding can be facilitated, phenomena of fighting, malicious snatching and the like between the boars in different stages can be avoided, and the anti-skid floor is safer; the air conditioner and the fan directly improve the temperature, the humidity and the air quality in the boar house, the temperature is between 15 and 27 ℃, and the humidity is between 45 and 70 percent, so that the healthy growth of the boar is facilitated, and the morbidity of the boar is effectively avoided; on the premise of meeting the nutritional requirements of breeding boars, the breeding boars are fed in a limited manner, and are quantified at regular time, the breeding boars cannot be used for satiety every time, the daily ration volume is required not to be too large, otherwise, the bellyband is increased easily due to fattening, and meanwhile, the breeding boars are easy to be raised into a habit of picky eating, so that feed waste is caused, more importantly, the breeding boars are easy to cause weakness, and limb and hoof diseases can be caused, so that the reproductive function of the breeding boars is reduced, and the reproductive capacity can be completely lost in severe cases; under the condition that the physique of the reserve boar is not strong, a plurality of vaccines of different types are inoculated step by step every 7 days, the different vaccines are not easy to generate mutual interference, and the reserve boar can be prevented from being attacked; strict vaccination operation is required for the production boar, so that the production boar is effectively prevented from suffering from the following diseases: the boar diseases such as hog cholera, porcine encephalitis B, rabies, foot-and-mouth disease, infectious diseases caused by parvovirus and the like make the physique of the boar stronger, improve the semen quality and the breeding capacity of the boar and improve the breeding capacity of the boar; the produced boars are purified once every 2-3 months by using the medicine, so that the morbidity of the produced boars can be reduced, the physique of the boars is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boars is improved.
Preferably, in the health management step of the production boar, the specific medicine purification scheme and the used medicines are as follows:
(1)1 kg of hulbutai, 0.5 kg of changqing and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added into each ton of feed stuff in january for 1 month, wherein the body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder is used for 1 month
(2) Adding 2 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in April for 7 days, spraying 1% dipterex aqueous solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te into body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies infection still occurring sporadically after production boar repellets, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(3) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1 kg of aconitum carmichaeli are added into each ton of feed in May, wherein the aconitum carmichaeli contains 10% doxycycline hydrochloride
(4) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1.5 kg of tusu are added into each ton of feed in August for continuous feeding for 7 days
(5) Adding 2.5 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in October, feeding for 7 days, spraying 1% trichlorfon water solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te trichlorfon onto body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies and mite infection occurring sporadically after production boar expels parasites, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(6)1 kg of hulbitai and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added into each ton of feed stuff in November
(7) Every 2-4 months, 0.3-0.4 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 20% of enramycin, or 1 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 10% of bacitracin zinc.
By adopting the technical scheme, in January, by adding a proper amount of Hubitai, Ruchang and body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder into the feeding material, the blue ear disease of the boar can be effectively controlled, and the comprehensive disease of the boar can be effectively prevented; in April, a proper amount of anthelmintic is added into feeding materials, or 1% of dipterex aqueous solution/1: 1000 times of dipterex/1: 250 te is directly sprayed on the body surface of a boar, or 1% of abamectin/1% of ivermectin/1% of doramectin are directly injected, so that scabies and other infections on the body surface of the boar are effectively prevented; in May, by adding a proper amount of sulikang and aconitum flavum into the feeding material, the diseases such as eperythrozoon and hair follicle hemorrhage are effectively prevented; in August, by adding a proper amount of sulikang and aconitum napellus into the feed, the diseases of toxoplasma gondii, eperythrozoon and the like are effectively prevented and controlled; in October, a proper amount of anthelmintic is added into feeding materials, or 1% of dipterex aqueous solution/1: 1000 times of dipterex/1: 250 te of dipterex is directly sprayed on the body surface of a boar, or 1% of abamectin/1% of ivermectin/1% of doramectin are directly injected, so that scabies and other infections on the body surface of the boar are effectively prevented; in November, by adding a proper amount of hubitai and body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder into the feeding material, the blue ear disease of the boar can be effectively controlled, and the comprehensive disease of the boar can be effectively prevented; and every 2-4 months, by adding a proper amount of Enlading into the feeding materials, tympanites, clostridium perfringens and the like are effectively prevented.
Preferably, in the step of managing the vaccine of the replacement boar, the immunization program is as follows:
(1) 2 parts of subculture cell vaccine of 154-day-old inoculated classical swine fever vaccine/head
(2)1 part of each head of 161-day-old inoculated Japanese encephalitis B attenuated vaccine
(3)168 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 head/head
(4) 2m 1/head of small inactivated vaccine for 175-day-old boar
(5)1 part of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine inoculated to pigs at age of 182 days/head
(6)189 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 part/head
(7) 2 ml/head of fine inactivated vaccine for 196-day-old boar
(8) 1 part/head of 203 day-old efficient inactivated vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease inoculation
(9)2 heads of the classical swine fever vaccine are inoculated at the age of 210 days per head.
By adopting the technical scheme, each vaccine is inoculated twice, so that the backup boars can be effectively prevented from suffering from the following diseases: the boar diseases such as hog cholera, porcine encephalitis B, rabies, foot-and-mouth disease, infectious diseases caused by parvovirus and the like make the physique of the boar stronger and improve the breeding capability of the boar.
Preferably, in the feeding management step, for young boars and adult boars, the boar feeding amount of A kg is B kg/head per day, B =2.2+ K (A-120), and the value of K ranges from 0.045 to 0.055.
By adopting the technical scheme, the feeding amount of the boars is calculated according to the weight of the boars, and on the premise that B =2.2+ K (A-120), the boars can be effectively prevented from being too fat or too thin, and the boars are stronger in physique.
Preferably, glass windows for sunlight irradiation and ventilation are arranged on four sides of the boar house, and white or cyan curtains are arranged on the outer sides of the glass windows.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the glass window can ensure to have sufficient illumination in the boar house, and the glass window has ventilation effect after opening, the (window) curtain can not be got up when the weather is hot, avoid too much sunshine to penetrate directly, avoid high temperature in the boar house, and the boar can be more sensitive to white or cyan, when natural wind blows the (window) curtain, white (window) curtain or the cyan (window) curtain that flutters, can have certain stimulation to the boar, make the boar no longer keep quiet state of sleeping, make the boar excitement move, the too obese problem of boar has effectively been solved, make the physique of boar stronger, promote the breeding ability of boar.
Preferably, a plurality of anti-skid floors are horizontally laid on the ground of each backup feeding fence, each young feeding fence and each adult feeding fence, the anti-skid floors are full-crack floors, the ground of each backup feeding fence, each young feeding fence and each adult feeding fence is also provided with a slope and a crib, the anti-skid floors are arranged on the lower side of the slope, the cribs are arranged on the higher side of the slope, anti-skid grains are arranged on the surface of the slope, and the surface inclination angle of the slope is 5-12 degrees.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface of the full-leakage floor is rough, the boar is not easy to fall down when walking on the full-leakage floor, and the full-leakage floor has a good water filtering effect, so that excessive and over-moist water accumulation in the backup feeding fence, the young feeding fence and the adult feeding fence is avoided, the living environment of the boar is cleaner, and the boar is not easy to get ill; when the boar needs to eat, the boar can approach the trough only by climbing the slope, the surface of the slope has an anti-skidding function, the inclination angle of the slope is moderate, the problem that the boar cannot climb up or climbs up too easily is not easy to occur, a certain exercise effect is achieved, the problem that the boar is too fat is effectively solved, the boar is enabled to have a stronger physique, and the breeding capacity of the boar is improved; and the liquid splashed out in the feeding process of the boars can flow down along the slope and then is discharged from the full-leakage floor, so that the living environment of the boars is cleaner.
Preferably, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an electronic display screen and a computer are additionally arranged in the boar house, the computer, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the electronic display screen are electrically connected, a standard temperature interval value and a standard humidity interval value are preset in the computer, when the temperature sensor detects that the real-time temperature in the boar house is not in the standard temperature interval value, the computer controls the air conditioner to start, when the humidity sensor detects that the real-time humidity in the boar house is not in the standard humidity interval value, the computer controls the fan to start, and the electronic display screen is used for displaying the temperature and the humidity in the boar house in real time.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, temperature sensor, humidity transducer is used for the real-time temperature and humidity in the automated inspection boar house, electronic display screen is used for supplying the staff to look over temperature and humidity in the boar house in real time, when temperature and humidity in the boar house are unusual (real-time temperature has surpassed standard temperature interval value promptly, real-time humidity has surpassed standard humidity interval value), the computer is corresponding control air conditioner and/or fan start-up work, it is normal until temperature and humidity resume, thereby realize the function of automatic control temperature and humidity, it is more intelligent, need not that the staff stares at the temperature and humidity in the boar house at every moment.
Preferably, the backup feeding fence, the young feeding fence and the adult feeding fence are square, in the step of managing the breeding environment, an air conditioner is arranged above each backup feeding fence, the young feeding fence and the adult feeding fence, a window is respectively arranged at the bottoms of four corners of each backup feeding fence, the young feeding fence and the adult feeding fence, and a fan is arranged at each window.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, each reserve fence of raising, young raising fence and adult raising fence all are equipped with an air conditioner and four fans specially, four fans that divide into the four corners and arrange, work efficiency can be higher, can change humidity and temperature in raising the fence in the very short time again, and can make the air in raising the fence more fresh fast, make the boar more comfortable in the living environment of each stage, reduce the incidence of boar, make the physique of boar stronger, promote the breeding ability of boar.
Preferably, a horn for making a harsh sound is further installed above each of the back-up feeding pens, the young feeding pens and the adult feeding pens, and the horn is activated for 10 minutes each at 8 o 'clock in the morning and 6 o' clock in the evening.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ear pricking sound emitted by the loudspeaker is the unpleasant sound of the boar but does not influence the health of the boar, after the loudspeaker is started at 8 o 'clock in the morning and at 6 o' clock in the evening, the sounds can stimulate the boar, so that the boar is not in a quiet sleeping state any more, the boar can be promoted to move in the morning and evening, the problem that the boar is too fat is effectively solved, the physique of the boar is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boar is improved.
Preferably, a protective net is detachably assembled on the inner side of the window, a gap is reserved between the protective net and the fan, a smell bag is placed in the gap, the smell bag is one or more of bay leaves, lemongrass oil, citronella, garlic or geraniol, the fan is started for half an hour every morning and afternoon, and the smell of the smell bag is driven into the spare rearing pens, the young rearing pens and the adult rearing pens.
By adopting the technical scheme, the odors of the odor bag are all offensive odors of the boars but do not affect the health of the boars, and after the fans are started every morning and afternoon, the odors can stimulate the boars, so that the boars are not in a quiet sleeping state any more, the boars are promoted to move for half an hour in the morning and at night, the problem that the boars are too obese is effectively solved, the physique of the boars is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boars is improved; the protection network can prevent that the boar from destroying fan and smell package, and ensures the circulation of air.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the reserved boars, the young boars and the adult boars are separately fed, batch breeding can be facilitated, phenomena such as shelf-off, malicious snatching and the like between the boars in different stages can be avoided, the safety is higher, the young boars and the adult boars are cultured in a single body, a larger living space is provided for each boar, the healthy growth of the boars is facilitated, the anti-slip floor can prevent the boars from falling down, the safety is higher, the morbidity of the produced boars can be reduced, the physique of the boars is stronger, and the breeding capability of the boars is improved;
2. the ear pricking sounds emitted by the loudspeakers are unpleasant sounds of the boars but do not affect the health of the boars, and after the loudspeakers are started at 8 o 'clock in the morning and at 6 o' clock in the evening, the sounds can stimulate the boars, so that the boars are not in a quiet sleeping state any more, the boars are promoted to move in the morning and at night, the problem that the boars are too fat is effectively solved, the physique of the boars is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boars is improved;
3. the smell of the smell bag is all the smell which is unpleasant for the boar but does not affect the health of the boar, and after the fan is started every morning and afternoon, the smell can stimulate the boar, so that the boar does not keep a quiet sleeping state any more, the boar is promoted to move for half an hour in the morning and in the evening, the problem that the boar is too obese is effectively solved, the physique of the boar is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boar is improved; the protection network can prevent that the boar from destroying fan and smell package, and ensures the circulation of air.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a pigsty according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a backup rearing fence, a young rearing fence, and an adult rearing fence according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 101. a backup feeding fence; 102. young breeding pens; 103. adult rearing pens; 104. an anti-slip floor; 105. an air conditioner; 106. a fan; 107. a slope; 108. a trough; 109. a temperature sensor; 110. a humidity sensor; 111. an electronic display screen; 112. a computer; 113. a horn; 114. a protective net; 115. a flavor bag; 116. a water outlet; 117. a glass window.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2.
The embodiment of the application discloses a management method for improving breeding capacity of boars on the premise of hybridization. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the management method for improving the breeding capacity of the boars before hybridization comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of boar house building, breeding environment management, feeding management, backup boar vaccine management, boar vaccine production management and boar health management.
Building a boar house: the boar house is naturally ventilated and comprises a backup feeding fence 101, a young feeding fence 102 and an adult feeding fence 103, backup boars below 80 kg are fed in a group mode in the backup feeding fence 101, young boars are fed in the young feeding fence 102 in a single mode, adult boars are fed in the adult feeding fence 103 in a single mode, an anti-skidding floor 104 is laid on the ground of the boar house, the backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103 are 7-10 square meters in area, the area can be saved, large activity space of the boars can be guaranteed, and the boars in the picture 1 comprise the two backup feeding fences 101, the two young feeding fences 102 and the two adult feeding fences 103.
A plurality of anti-skid floors 104 are horizontally laid on the ground of each of the backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103, the anti-skid floors 104 are full-leaking floors, a drainage space is designed at the bottom of the full-leaking floors, a drainage outlet 116 is arranged on one side of the drainage space, a slope 107 and a trough 108 are further arranged on the ground of each of the backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103, the anti-skid floors 104 are arranged on the lower side of the slope 107, the trough 108 is arranged on the higher side of the slope 107, anti-skid lines are arranged on the surface of the slope 107, the surface inclination angle of the slope 107 is 10 degrees, and in other embodiments, the angle can be 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 11 degrees or 12 degrees.
Managing a breeding environment: the air conditioner 105 and the fan 106 are additionally arranged in the boar house, the temperature in the boar house is kept between 15 and 27 ℃, the humidity in the boar house is kept between 45 and 70 percent, the boar house is kept clean, dry and ventilated, the boar house is kept cool in summer, the boar house is kept sufficiently illuminated in autumn, winter and spring, glass windows 117 for sunlight irradiation and ventilation are arranged on four sides of each backup breeding fence 101, the young breeding fence 102 and the adult breeding fence 103, and white or cyan curtains are arranged on the outer sides of the glass windows 117.
A temperature sensor 109, a humidity sensor 110, an electronic display screen 111 and a computer 112 are additionally arranged in each of the backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103, the temperature sensor 109 and the humidity sensor 110 are respectively provided with four rectangular corners, the computer 112 is electrically connected with the temperature sensor 109, the humidity sensor 110 and the electronic display screen 111, a standard temperature interval value and a standard humidity interval value are preset in the computer 112, the computer 112 controls the air conditioner 105 to start when the temperature sensor 109 detects that the real-time temperature in the boar house is not in the standard temperature interval value, the computer 112 controls the fan 106 to start when the humidity sensor 110 detects that the real-time humidity in the boar house is not in the standard humidity interval value, and the electronic display screen 111 is used for displaying the temperature and the humidity in the boar house in real time.
The backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103 are all square, in the step of managing the breeding environment, an air conditioner 105 is arranged above each backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103, a window is respectively arranged at the bottom of each of four corners of each backup feeding fence 101, the young feeding fence 102 and the adult feeding fence 103, and a fan 106 is arranged at each window.
Two horns 113 for making a harsh sound are installed above each of the back-up rearing pens 101, the young rearing pens 102, and the adult rearing pens 103, and the horns are activated 11310 minutes each day at 8 o 'clock in the morning and at 6 o' clock in the evening.
A protective net 114 is detachably assembled on the inner side of the window, a gap is reserved between the protective net 114 and the fan 106, a smell bag 115 is placed in the gap, the smell bag 115 is one or more of laurel leaf, lemongrass oil, citronella, garlic or geraniol, the fan 106 is started for half an hour every morning and afternoon, and the smell of the smell bag 115 is driven into the backup rearing column 101, the young rearing column 102 and the adult rearing column 103.
Feeding management: for spare boars with the weight of less than 100 kg, the spare boars are allowed to freely eat the breeding pig feed; for reserve boars of more than 100 kg, feeding the boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; feeding the young boars and the adult boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; in the process of feeding the boars, the feeding amount of one day is divided into two meals for feeding in the morning and at night, the trough is cleaned in time, and fresh drinking water is supplied 24 hours all day.
In the feeding management step, for young boars and adult boars, the boar feeding amount of A kg is B kg/head per day, B =2.2+ K (A-120), and the value range of K is 0.045-0.055.
In the feeding and management step, aiming at a backup breeding pig with the weight of 20-60 kg, the breeding pig feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60 portions of corn
24 portions of soybean meal
2 portions of fish meal
1.8 parts of soybean oil
0.2 portion of microecological preparation
4 parts of premix.
By the formula of the pig feed, the nutritional requirements of reserve pigs with the weight of 20-60 kg in the growth process can be comprehensively supplied.
In the feeding and management step, aiming at spare breeding pigs with the weight of 60-100 kg, the breeding pig feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
64.8 portions of corn
6 portions of wheat middling
24.6 parts of soybean meal
0.6 part of soybean oil
0.2 portion of microecological preparation
4 parts of premix.
By the formula of the pig feed, the nutritional requirements of backup pigs with the weight of 60-100 kg in the growth process can be comprehensively supplied.
Managing a replacement boar vaccine: starting an immunization program when the replacement boar is 5-6 months old or the weight of the replacement boar reaches 90kg, and inoculating the vaccine every other week, wherein the immunization program is as follows:
(1) 2 parts of subculture cell vaccine of 154-day-old inoculated classical swine fever vaccine/head
(2)1 part of each head of 161-day-old inoculated Japanese encephalitis B attenuated vaccine
(3)168 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 head/head
(4) 2m 1/head of small inactivated vaccine for 175-day-old boar
(5)1 part of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine inoculated to pigs at age of 182 days/head
(6)189 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 part/head
(7) 2 ml/head of fine inactivated vaccine for 196-day-old boar
(8) 1 part/head of 203 day-old efficient inactivated vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease inoculation
(9)2 heads of the classical swine fever vaccine are inoculated at the age of 210 days per head.
Managing the production of boar vaccines: inoculating 2 parts/head of classical swine fever vaccine passage cell seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of fine inactivated seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of pseudorabies vaccine every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of foot and mouth disease inactivated seedlings every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every middle ten days of March every year, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every last 9 months every year, and inoculating 1 part/head of diarrhea vaccine every last 9 months every year and strengthening the inoculation every 20 days later;
production boar health management: the production boar uses the medicine for purification once every 2-3 months, and the specific medicine purification scheme and the used medicines are as follows:
(1) in the feed, 1 kg of breath bitis (produced by Shaanxi Hua animal medicine industry Co., Ltd., main components of 200g of tylosin tartrate, TMP, bromfenacin, tolerance factor reduction, import 1806), 0.5 kg of Yoghuang (produced by Wuhan Huayang animal medicine industry Co., Ltd.) and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added in each ton of feed in January, wherein the body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder is used for 1 month
(2) Adding 2 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in April for 7 days, spraying 1% dipterex aqueous solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te into body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies infection still occurring sporadically after production boar repellets, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(3) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1 kg of aconitum carmichaeli are added into each ton of feed in May, wherein the aconitum carmichaeli contains 10% doxycycline hydrochloride
(4) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1.5 kg of tusu are added into each ton of feed in August for continuous feeding for 7 days
(5) Adding 2.5 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in October, feeding for 7 days, spraying 1% trichlorfon water solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te trichlorfon onto body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies and mite infection occurring sporadically after production boar expels parasites, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(6)1 kg of hulbitai and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added into each ton of feed stuff in November
(7) Every 2-4 months, 0.3-0.4 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 20% of enramycin, or 1 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 10% of bacitracin zinc.
The implementation principle of the management method for improving the breeding capacity of the boars on the premise of hybridization is as follows: the reserve boars, the young boars and the adult boars have different life habits and breeding standards, the reserve boars, the young boars and the adult boars are separately bred, batch breeding can be facilitated, the phenomena of fighting, malicious snatching and the like among the boars in different stages can be avoided, the reserve boars, the young boars and the adult boars are safer, the young boars and the adult boars are bred in a single body, a larger living space is provided for each boar, healthy growth of the boars is facilitated, and the anti-skid floor 104 can prevent the boars from falling down and is safer; the air conditioner 105 and the fan 106 directly improve the temperature, the humidity and the air quality in the boar house, the temperature is 15-27 ℃, the humidity is 45-70%, the healthy growth of the boar is facilitated, and the morbidity of the boar is effectively avoided; on the premise of meeting the nutritional requirements of breeding boars, the breeding boars are fed in a limited manner, and are quantified at regular time, the breeding boars cannot be used for satiety every time, the daily ration volume is required not to be too large, otherwise, the bellyband is increased easily due to fattening, and meanwhile, the breeding boars are easy to be raised into a habit of picky eating, so that feed waste is caused, more importantly, the breeding boars are easy to cause weakness, and limb and hoof diseases can be caused, so that the reproductive function of the breeding boars is reduced, and the reproductive capacity can be completely lost in severe cases; under the condition that the physique of the reserve boar is not strong, a plurality of vaccines of different types are inoculated step by step every 7 days, the different vaccines are not easy to generate mutual interference, and the reserve boar can be prevented from being attacked; strict vaccination operation is required for the production boar, so that the production boar is effectively prevented from suffering from the following diseases: the boar diseases such as hog cholera, porcine encephalitis B, rabies, foot-and-mouth disease, infectious diseases caused by parvovirus and the like make the physique of the boar stronger, improve the semen quality and the breeding capacity of the boar and improve the breeding capacity of the boar; the produced boars are purified once every 2-3 months by using the medicine, so that the morbidity of the produced boars can be reduced, the physique of the boars is stronger, and the breeding capacity of the boars is improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A management method for improving breeding capacity of boars before breeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
building a boar house: the pigsty is naturally ventilated and comprises a backup feeding fence (101), a young feeding fence (102) and an adult feeding fence (103), backup boars with the weight of less than 80 kg are fed in a group in the backup feeding fence (101), young boars are fed in the young feeding fence (102) in a single mode, adult boars are fed in the adult feeding fence (103) in a single mode, and an anti-skid floor (104) is laid on the ground of the pigsty;
managing a breeding environment: an air conditioner (105) and a fan (106) are added in the boar house, the temperature in the boar house is kept between 15 and 27 ℃, and the humidity in the boar house is kept between 45 and 70 percent;
feeding management: for spare boars with the weight of less than 100 kg, the spare boars are allowed to freely eat the breeding pig feed; for reserve boars of more than 100 kg, feeding the boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; feeding the young boars and the adult boars with complete feed, wherein the feeding amount is 2.2-3.0 kg/head per day; in the process of feeding the boars, the feeding amount of one day is divided into two meals for feeding in the morning and at night, the feed tank is cleaned in time, and fresh drinking water is supplied 24 hours all day;
managing a replacement boar vaccine: starting an immunization program when the backup boar is 5-6 months old or the weight of the backup boar reaches 90kg, and inoculating the vaccine once every other week;
managing the production of boar vaccines: inoculating 2 parts/head of classical swine fever vaccine passage cell seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of fine inactivated seedlings every half year, inoculating 1 part/head of pseudorabies vaccine every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of foot and mouth disease inactivated seedlings every four months, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every middle ten days of March every year, inoculating 1 part/head of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine every last 9 months every year, and inoculating 1 part/head of diarrhea vaccine every last 9 months every year and strengthening the inoculation every 20 days later;
production boar health management: the produced boar is purified once every 2-3 months by using the medicine.
2. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: in the above health management steps of the production boar, the specific drug purification scheme and the drugs used are as follows:
(1)1 kg of hulbutai, 0.5 kg of changqing and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added into each ton of feed stuff in january for 1 month, wherein the body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder is used for 1 month
(2) Adding 2 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in April for 7 days, spraying 1% dipterex aqueous solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te into body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies infection still occurring sporadically after production boar repellets, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(3) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1 kg of aconitum carmichaeli are added into each ton of feed in May, wherein the aconitum carmichaeli contains 10% doxycycline hydrochloride
(4) 0.8 kg of sulikang and 1.5 kg of tusu are added into each ton of feed in August for continuous feeding for 7 days
(5) Adding 2.5 kg of parasiticide into feeding material per ton in October, feeding for 7 days, spraying 1% trichlorfon water solution or 1:1000 times or 1:250 te trichlorfon onto body surface of production boar with severe ectoparasite, preventing and treating scabies and mite infection occurring sporadically after production boar expels parasites, and injecting 1% avermectin or 1% ivermectin or doramectin for preventing and treating
(6)1 kg of hulbitai and 4 kg of body resistance strengthening and detoxifying powder are added into each ton of feed stuff in November
(7) Every 2-4 months, 0.3-0.4 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 20% of enramycin, or 1 kg of Enlarding is added into each ton of feeding materials, wherein the Enlarding contains 10% of bacitracin zinc.
3. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: in the step of managing the vaccine of the replacement boar, the immunization program is as follows:
(1) 2 parts of subculture cell vaccine of 154-day-old inoculated classical swine fever vaccine/head
(2)1 part of each head of 161-day-old inoculated Japanese encephalitis B attenuated vaccine
(3)168 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 head/head
(4) 2m 1/head of small inactivated vaccine for 175-day-old boar
(5)1 part of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine inoculated to pigs at age of 182 days/head
(6)189 days old inoculated pseudorabies attenuated vaccine 1 part/head
(7) 2 ml/head of fine inactivated vaccine for 196-day-old boar
(8) 1 part/head of 203 day-old efficient inactivated vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease inoculation
(9)2 heads of the classical swine fever vaccine are inoculated at the age of 210 days per head.
4. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: in the feeding management step, for young boars and adult boars, the boar feeding amount of A kg is B kg/head per day, B =2.2+ K (A-120), and the value range of K is 0.045-0.055.
5. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: glass windows (117) used for sunlight irradiation and ventilation are arranged on four side faces of the boar house, and white or cyan curtains are arranged on the outer sides of the glass windows (117).
6. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: each reserve raises fence (101), the equal level in ground of young raising fence (102) and adult raising fence (103) has laid polylith anti-skidding floor (104), anti-skidding floor (104) are the floor of leaking entirely, each reserve raises fence (101), the ground of young raising fence (102) and adult raising fence (103) still is provided with slope (107) and trough (108), slope (107) lower one side is located in anti-skidding floor (104), the higher one side in slope (107) is located in trough (108), the surface of slope (107) is provided with anti-skidding line, and the surface inclination of slope (107) is 5-12 degrees.
7. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: a temperature sensor (109), a humidity sensor (110), an electronic display screen (111) and a computer (112) are additionally arranged in the boar house, the computer (112), the temperature sensor (109), the humidity sensor (110) and the electronic display screen (111) are electrically connected, a standard temperature interval value and a standard humidity interval value are preset in the computer (112), the computer (112) controls the air conditioner (105) to start when the temperature sensor (109) detects that the real-time temperature in the boar house is not in the standard temperature interval value, the computer (112) controls the fan (106) to start when the humidity sensor (110) detects that the real-time humidity in the boar house is not in the standard humidity interval value, and the electronic display screen (111) is used for displaying the temperature and the humidity in the boar house in real time.
8. The management method for improving the breeding capacity of boars before hybridization according to claim 1, wherein the management method comprises the following steps: the back-up feeding fence (101), the young feeding fence (102) and the adult feeding fence (103) are square, in the step of managing the breeding environment, an air conditioner (105) is installed above each back-up feeding fence (101), the young feeding fence (102) and the adult feeding fence (103), a window is respectively arranged at the bottom of four corners of each back-up feeding fence (101), the young feeding fence (102) and the adult feeding fence (103), and a fan (106) is installed at each window.
9. The management method for improving breeding ability of boars before hybridization according to claim 8, wherein: a loudspeaker (113) for emitting harsh sound is also arranged above each of the backup feeding fence (101), the young feeding fence (102) and the adult feeding fence (103), and the loudspeaker (113) is respectively started for 10 minutes at 8 o 'clock in the morning and 6 o' clock in the evening.
10. The management method for improving breeding ability of boars before hybridization according to claim 8, wherein: a protective net (114) is detachably assembled on the inner side of the window, a gap is reserved between the protective net (114) and the fan (106), a smell bag (115) is placed in the gap, the smell bag (115) is one or more of laurel leaf, lemongrass oil, citronella, garlic or geraniol, the fan (106) is started for half an hour every morning and afternoon, and the smell of the smell bag (115) is driven into the backup feeding column (101), the young feeding column (102) and the adult feeding column (103).
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