CN112535151A - Liquid composition for attracting bees, solid honey attractant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid composition for attracting bees, solid honey attractant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112535151A CN112535151A CN202011423283.2A CN202011423283A CN112535151A CN 112535151 A CN112535151 A CN 112535151A CN 202011423283 A CN202011423283 A CN 202011423283A CN 112535151 A CN112535151 A CN 112535151A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/14—Insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
Abstract
Disclosed is a liquid composition for attracting bees, comprising: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar; fully dissolving honeycomb spleen with water, concentrating and filtering to obtain honeycomb spleen extracting solution; the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee inducing essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18; the bee-inducing essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 4-6: 1. also disclosed is a solid bee attractant comprising: the bee attractant comprises the liquid composition for attracting bees, hydrophilic colloid, humectant and pH regulator. Also discloses a preparation method of the solid bee attractant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the hydrophilic colloid with water, and adding humectant and antiseptic; adding the attractant liquid composition, adsorbent and pH regulator to obtain attractant stock solution, and solidifying the attractant stock solution to obtain solid bee attractant. Low cost, easy operation and stable finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of insect attractants, and particularly relates to a liquid composition for attracting bees, a solid honey attractant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soybean is an important oil plant and protein plant, and once China is the main country of soybean, but the soybean planting area is sharply reduced due to low economic benefit and large import trade impact. In recent years, due to the influence of agricultural planting structure adjustment policy under agricultural supply side innovation, the planting area of soybeans is increased to some extent, but the soybeans still depend on imports seriously, and the problem of grain safety is serious.
The utilization of soybean heterosis is an important way for improving the yield per unit, but the high seed production cost of hybrid soybean is an urgent problem to be solved. Under the existing seed production system, fructification can be realized only by relying on pollination media, and the method mainly adopts artificial bee application and liquid bee attractant sprayed in the field for luring.
The method ensures that the outcrossing maturing rate of the female parent in the breeding field is far higher than that of the soybean in the natural environment, but has the following defects and drawbacks: (1) the attractant is in a liquid form, is diluted according to a fixed proportion before use, is not beneficial to transportation, needs low-temperature storage and has a short shelf life; (2) the duration time of the flowering phase of the soybeans is about 40 days, workers are required to spray the attractant in the field, the effective time is 3 days in sunny weather, the attraction effect is seriously influenced by rainfall, and the soybean seeds cannot be sprayed in time after raining and are not suitable for large-scale seed production; (3) in the current stage, the hybrid soybean pilot-scale test platform adopts isolated net rooms for hybridization, the number of the hybridization soybean pilot-scale test platform reaches more than 500 and is increased year by year, each net room needs a slot door feeder to feed attractant, and the attractant is supplemented periodically, maintained and disinfected, so that the operation is complex, time and labor are consumed, the failure in severe weather is fast, and the effect is poor; (4) the liquid attractant in the traditional formula contains a large amount of protein, sugar and other components which are easy to breed bacteria, is easy to decay and deteriorate in a high-temperature and humid field environment and breeds mould; (5) the attractant has high viscosity, easy blockage of the spray head and poor mechanical operation effect.
Content of application
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a liquid composition for attracting bees, a solid honey attractant containing the liquid composition for attracting bees and a preparation method thereof, which realize the expected effects of low cost, easy operation and stable finished product. The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
1. a liquid composition for attracting bees, which is characterized in that,
the bee attracting liquid composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
2. the bee attracting liquid composition according to item 1, wherein the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 5: 1.
3. an attractant liquid composition for bees according to item 1 or 2, characterized in that said essential oil comprises: lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil;
preferably, the essential oil comprises lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
4. a solid bee attractant, comprising: an attractant bee liquid composition, a hydrophilic colloid, a humectant and a pH regulator;
the bee attracting liquid composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
5. the solid bee attractant according to item 4, further comprising a preservative, an adsorbent and a food color.
6. The solid bee attractant according to item 4 or 5, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrophilic colloid, the humectant and the honeycomb spleen is 3-6: 2-4: 0.5-1.5, preferably 4-5: 2.5-3.5: 0.75-1.2.
7. The solid bee attractant according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the mass ratio of the preservative, the adsorbent and the honeycomb spleen is 0.5-2: 3-8: 0.5-1.5, preferably 0.5-1.5: 4-6: 0.75-1.2.
8. The solid bee attractant according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein said hydrocolloid is carrageenan; preferably, the humectant is propylene glycol; preferably, the preservative is selected from one or both of methylparaben and ethylparaben; preferably, the adsorbent is activated carbon.
9. The bee attracting liquid composition according to any one of claims 4-8, wherein the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 5: 1.
10. an attracting honey bee liquid composition according to any one of claims 4-9, characterized in that the essential oil comprises: lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil;
preferably, the essential oil comprises lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
11. a method for preparing a solid bee attractant, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing honeycomb spleen extracting solution: taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
preparing the bee flower balm fragrant liquid: adding 75% ethanol into bee-luring essence, stirring, and mixing to obtain bee-luring essence;
preparing syrup: taking white granulated sugar, and fully dissolving the white granulated sugar with water to prepare the syrup;
preparing a bee-attracting liquid composition: mixing the prepared honeycomb spleen extract, bee attracting fragrant liquid and syrup uniformly to prepare the bee attracting liquid composition;
preparing an attractant stock solution: firstly, taking hydrophilic colloid, and fully dissolving the hydrophilic colloid by using water; then, adding a humectant and a preservative in sequence; finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare an attractant stock solution;
and (3) curing: and curing to obtain the solid bee attractant.
12. The method according to item 11, wherein in the curing step, the attractant stock solution is poured into a vacuum defoaming mixer for defoaming, and then curing is performed to obtain the solid bee attractant;
preferably, in the curing step, the attractant stock solution with the temperature not lower than 50 ℃ is poured into a vacuum defoaming stirrer for defoaming, the rotating speed of the vacuum defoaming stirrer is not higher than 100r/min, the negative pressure in the vacuum defoaming stirrer is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the defoaming time is 3-5min, and then the solid bee attractant is prepared by curing at room temperature.
13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the attractant stock solution includes:
hydrophilic colloid with mass volume concentration of 3-6g/mL, preferably 4-5 g/mL;
a humectant with a mass volume concentration of 2-4g/mL, preferably 2.5-3.5 g/mL;
the mass volume concentration of the bee-luring essence is 0.025-0.25g/mL, preferably 0.0375-0.15 g/mL;
white granulated sugar with mass volume concentration of 0.5-1.25g/mL, preferably 0.5-0.9 g/mL; and
honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen for preparing the honeycomb spleen extracting solution to the hydrophilic colloid is 0.5-1.5: 3-6, preferably 0.75-1.2: 4-5.
14. The method of any one of claims 11-13, wherein the attractant stock further comprises: a preservative with a mass volume concentration of 0.5-2g/mL, preferably 0.5-1.5g/mL, and an adsorbent with a mass volume concentration of 3-8g/mL, preferably 4-6 g/mL;
preferably, in the step of preparing the attractant stock solution, firstly, the hydrophilic colloid is taken and fully dissolved by water; then, adding a humectant, an edible pigment and a preservative in sequence; finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare an attractant stock solution; the attractant stock solution also comprises edible pigment with the mass volume concentration of 0.05-0.15 g/mL.
15. The preparation method according to any one of items 11 to 14, wherein the bee-luring essence comprises an essential oil and a soybean flower extract, and the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 4 to 6: 1, preferably 5: 1.
16. the method of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the essential oil comprises: lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil;
preferably, the essential oil comprises lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
17. the method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the hydrophilic colloid is carrageenan; preferably, the humectant is propylene glycol; preferably, the preservative is selected from one or two of methylparaben and ethylparaben, more preferably, the preservative is a mixture of methylparaben and ethylparaben; preferably, the adsorbent is activated carbon.
18. The method of any one of claims 11-17, wherein the pH adjuster adjusts the pH of the attractant stock to 6-7.
19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 18, wherein in the step of preparing the attractant stock solution,
firstly, taking hydrophilic colloid, fully dissolving the hydrophilic colloid by using water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ and the mass of which is 10-13 times that of the hydrophilic colloid, and then cooling to 65-75 ℃; then, sequentially adding the humectant, the edible pigment and the preservative, fully mixing and stopping heating; and finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare the attractant stock solution.
20. A solid bee attractant prepared by the method of any one of claims 11-19.
Effects of the invention
(1) The bee-attracting liquid composition contains the honeycomb spleen extracting solution, the bee-attracting essence and the white granulated sugar, wherein the bee-attracting essence comprises the essential oil and the soybean flower extracting solution which are in the mass ratio defined by the application, so that the bee-attracting essence is more suitable for preparing a solid bee attractant, and bees and primary pollinating insects can collect soybean flower honey more efficiently;
(2) the solid honey attractant provided by the application comprises the bee attracting liquid composition, the hydrophilic colloid, the humectant and the pH regulator defined by the application, preferably carrageenan which is a common food additive and is non-toxic, harmless and odorless, stable in gel property, high in water holding capacity, lower in cost than agar, capable of being heated to melt, cooled and solidified at room temperature and easy to process, and is a novel ideal material serving as a matrix;
(3) propylene glycol is preferably used as a humectant, so that the water content and the colloid form of the solid bee attractant in an outdoor environment can be effectively maintained, and too fast dehydration and drying are avoided;
(4) the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and/or the ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate are added as preservatives, so that the biological toxicity is avoided, the dosage is small, the synergistic addition effect is achieved through compatibility, the addition agent is superior to benzoic acid and potassium sorbate, and the attractant can be prevented from being decayed in a high-temperature and humid environment;
(5) microporous activated carbon is used as an adsorption material to slowly release odor and prolong the action time;
(6) the soybean flower extract is added, so that the bee habit is met, and the domesticated bees are facilitated to efficiently collect soybean nectar;
(7) the raw materials have no biological toxicity, no pungent smell and easy acquisition; the preparation method is simple, and industrial batch production can be realized;
(8) adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH of the attractant stock solution to 6-7, which is beneficial to the solid-state forming of the solid bee attractant, and balancing the toughness and brittleness of the solid bee attractant, so that the solid bee attractant is neither too brittle nor too soft; when the pH is adjusted to 6-7, the effect of the methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and/or ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate as a preservative is the most excellent;
(9) the unmanned aerial vehicle can realize full-automatic accurate discharge, the theoretical operation efficiency can reach 200 plus 250 mu/h, which is more than 5 times of the traditional manual spraying speed, and the cost is saved by about 3 times;
(10) the solid bee attractant can be applied to a pilot plant platform isolation net room, does not need to check the working condition of traditional attractant releasing equipment or frequently add, only tears off a product packaging sealing film according to time and properly places the sealing film, does not need an additional device, does not need secondary addition, is not influenced by natural weather, and saves time and labor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description illustrates and describes embodiments of the present application with reference to specific examples, but the following description should not be construed as limiting the present application in any way.
The application provides a liquid composition for attracting bees, which is characterized in that,
the composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
the honeycomb is formed by thousands of cells built by bees with beeswax, and the honeycomb of the bees is formed by several to dozens of honeycomb cells. The honeycomb spleen used in this application is an old honeycomb spleen. The honeycomb spleen contains honey, pollen, propolis, beeswax, bee cocoon shell, larva secretion, plant tissue, etc. And (3) fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering, and filtering to remove solid insoluble substances such as bee cocoon shells, plant tissues and the like. In the honeycomb spleen, the mass of honey, pollen, propolis, beeswax and larva secretion accounts for 20% -30% of the mass of the honeycomb spleen.
The honeycomb spleen extracting solution comprises: honey, pollen, propolis, beeswax, larva secretion, and solid components which are not easy to dissolve, such as bee cocoon shell, plant tissue, etc. The total mass volume concentration of honey, pollen, propolis, beeswax and larva secretion in the honeycomb spleen extracting solution is 25-35 g/mL.
In the preparation of the honeycomb spleen extract, filter paper is used for filtration.
The preparation method of the soybean flower extract liquid comprises the following steps:
mixing soybean flower with borax, slowly grinding in a mortar, and pulverizing;
pouring the ground and crushed soybean flower tissue scraps mixed with borax into a triangular flask, adding purified water and ethanol with proper volume, heating at 70 ℃ for 15-20min for first extraction, filtering with qualitative filter paper to obtain a first filtrate, pouring the residual residues into the triangular flask, adding a proper amount of purified water, heating at 70 ℃ for 15min for second extraction, and filtering with qualitative filter paper to obtain a second filtrate;
and fully mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate to obtain the soybean flower extract, and cooling at room temperature for later use.
In one embodiment, in the bee attractant liquid composition, the white granulated sugar can be dissolved in water for use, and the bee attractant essence can be dissolved in alcohol for use.
In a specific embodiment, in the bee attracting liquid composition, the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen, the bee attracting essence and the white granulated sugar for preparing the honeycomb spleen extracting solution is 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18.
In a specific embodiment, in the bee attracting liquid composition, the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen, the bee attracting essence and the white granulated sugar for preparing the honeycomb spleen extracting solution specifically may be: 2: 1: 5. 2: 1: 2. 60: 1: 20. 60: 1: 50. 20: 1: 50. 6: 1: 12. 15: 0.75: 10. 15: 0.75: 18. 15: 3: 10. 15: 3: 18. 24: 0.75: 10. 24: 3: 10. 24: 0.75: 18. 8: 1: 6. 15: 2: 15. 5: 1: 5. 20: 1: 15. 20: 1.5: 10. 10: 1: 5. 10: 1: 6. 10: 1: 7. 10: 1: 8. 10: 1: 10. 6: 1: 6. 18: 1: 10. 12: 1: 10, etc.
In one embodiment, in the bee attracting liquid composition, the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean milk extract may be 4: 1. 4.2: 1. 4.5: 1. 4.8: 1. 5: 1. 5.2: 1. 5.5: 1. 5.8: 1. 6: 1, etc., preferably 5: 1. the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is controlled within the range, the effect of attracting bees is optimal, and the bee attracting composition is most suitable to be prepared into a solid bee attractant.
In one embodiment, in the bee attracting liquid composition, the essential oil comprises: lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil; the mass ratio of the lavender oil, the strawberry oil, the sweet orange oil, the clover oil, the soybean flower extract is 1: 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
in one embodiment, the essential oil may also include perilla oil, evening primrose oil, and the like.
In a specific embodiment, the bee-attracting liquid composition consists of honeycomb spleen extract, bee-attracting essence and white granulated sugar, wherein the bee-attracting essence consists of lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil, clove oil and soybean flower extract.
The application also provides a solid bee attractant, which is characterized in that: an attractant bee liquid composition, a hydrophilic colloid, a humectant and a pH regulator;
the bee attracting liquid composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen which comprises pollen and honey, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen with water, concentrating and filtering to obtain the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
in a specific embodiment, in the solid bee attractant, the hydrophilic colloid may be selected from one or more of carrageenan, pectin, xanthan gum, agar and gelatin, and is preferably carrageenan.
In one embodiment, the humectant may be one or more selected from glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and sorbitol, and preferably includes propylene glycol.
In one embodiment, the pH-adjusting agent in the solid bee attractant may be citric acid, tartaric acid, or edible acetic acid.
In one embodiment, the solid bee attractant further comprises a preservative and an adsorbent, wherein the preservative can prevent the solid bee attractant from being rotted and deteriorated under a high-temperature and humid environment, and the adsorbent can slowly release the odor of the solid bee attractant to prolong the action time; the preservative may be selected from: a mixture of methyl paraben and ethyl paraben, sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, potassium sorbate; the adsorbent may be selected from: activated carbon, zeolite, adsorbent resin, and the like.
In one embodiment, the solid bee attractant further comprises a food color.
In a specific embodiment, in the solid bee attractant, the mass ratio of the hydrocolloid, the humectant, the preservative, the adsorbent, and the honeycomb spleen is 3-6: 2-4: 0.5-2: 3-8: 0.5-1.5, preferably 4-5: 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1.5: 4-6: 0.75 to 1.2, and may be, for example, 3: 4: 0.5: 8: 0.5, 3: 4: 0.5: 8: 1.5, 3: 4: 0.5: 3: 0.5, 3: 4: 2: 8: 0.5, 3: 2: 0.5: 8: 0.5, 6: 4: 0.5: 8: 0.5, 6: 2: 2: 3: 1.5, 6: 2: 2: 3: 0.5, 6: 2: 2: 8: 1.5, 6: 2: 0.5: 3: 1.5, 6: 4: 2: 3: 1.5, 3: 4: 2: 3: 1.5, 4: 3: 1: 5: 0.75, 4: 3: 1: 5: 0.9, 4: 3: 1: 5: 1. 4: 3: 1: 5: 1.2, 4.5: 3: 1: 5: 0.75, 4.5: 3: 1: 5: 0.9, 4.5: 3: 1: 5: 1. 4.5: 3: 1: 5: 1.2, 5: 3: 1: 5: 0.75, 5: 3: 1: 5: 0.9, 5: 3: 1: 5: 1. 5: 3: 1: 5: 1.2, 4: 2: 1: 4: 1. 4: 4: 0.5: 4: 1.2, 5: 2: 0.5: 4: 1. 5: 4: 1.5: 6: 1.2, etc.
In one embodiment, in the solid bee attractant, the hydrocolloid is carrageenan, the humectant is propylene glycol, and the preservative is methylparaben and ethylparaben in a ratio of 1: 1 and the adsorbent is activated carbon.
In a specific embodiment, the solid bee attractant consists of an attractant bee liquid composition, a hydrocolloid, a humectant, a preservative, an adsorbent, and a pH adjuster.
The application also provides a preparation method of the solid bee attractant, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing honeycomb spleen extracting solution: taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
step two, preparing the bee pollen trapping fragrant liquid: adding 75% ethanol into bee-luring essence, stirring, and mixing to obtain bee-luring essence;
step three, preparing syrup: taking white granulated sugar, and fully dissolving the white granulated sugar with water to prepare the syrup;
step four, preparing a bee attracting liquid composition: mixing the prepared honeycomb spleen extract, bee attracting fragrant liquid and syrup uniformly to prepare the bee attracting liquid composition;
step five, preparing an attractant stock solution: firstly, taking hydrophilic colloid, and fully dissolving the hydrophilic colloid by using water; then, adding a humectant and a preservative in sequence; finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare an attractant stock solution;
step six, curing: and curing to obtain the solid bee attractant.
In one embodiment, in the curing step, the attractant stock solution with a temperature of not lower than 50 ℃ (for example, 50 ℃, 55 ℃, 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃ and the like) is poured into a vacuum defoaming stirrer to be defoamed, the rotating speed of the vacuum defoaming stirrer is not higher than 100r/min (for example, 100r/min, 105r/min, 110r/min, 115r/min, 120r/min, 125r/min, 130r/min and the like), the negative pressure in the vacuum defoaming stirrer is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the defoaming time is 3-5min, and the solid bee attractant is prepared after curing.
In one embodiment, the attractant stock comprises:
hydrophilic colloid with mass volume concentration of 3-6g/mL, preferably 4-5 g/mL;
a humectant with a mass volume concentration of 2-4g/mL, preferably 2.5-3.5 g/mL;
the mass volume concentration of the bee-luring essence is 0.025-0.25g/mL, preferably 0.0375-0.15 g/mL;
white granulated sugar with mass volume concentration of 0.5-1.25g/mL, preferably 0.5-0.9 g/mL; and
honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
wherein the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen for preparing the honeycomb spleen extracting solution to the hydrophilic colloid is 0.5-1.5: 3-6, preferably 0.75-1.2: 4-5.
In one embodiment, the attractant stock comprises: hydrophilic colloid with mass volume concentration of 4-5 g/mL; a humectant with a mass volume concentration of 2-4 g/mL; the mass volume concentration of the bee-luring essence is 0.0375-0.15 g/mL; white granulated sugar with mass volume concentration of 0.5-0.9 g/mL; and a honeycomb spleen extract; wherein the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen for preparing the honeycomb spleen extracting solution to the hydrophilic colloid is 0.75-1.2: 4-5.
In one embodiment, the mass-volume concentration of the hydrophilic colloid in the attractant stock solution may be: 3g/mL, 3.1g/mL, 3.2g/mL, 3.3g/mL, 3.4g/mL, 3.5g/mL, 3.6g/mL, 3.7g/mL, 3.8g/mL, 3.9g/mL, 4g/mL, 4.1g/mL, 4.2g/mL, 4.3g/mL, 4.4g/mL, 4.5g/mL, 4.6g/mL, 4.7g/mL, 4.8g/mL, 4.9g/mL, 5g/mL, 5.1g/mL, 5.2g/mL, 5.3g/mL, 5.4g/mL, 5.5g/mL, 5.6g/mL, 5.7g/mL, 5.8g/mL, 5.9g/mL, 6g/mL, etc.; the mass volume concentration of the humectant can be specifically as follows: 2g/mL, 2.1g/mL, 2.2g/mL, 2.3g/mL, 2.4g/mL, 2.5g/mL, 2.6g/mL, 2.7g/mL, 2.8g/mL, 2.9g/mL, 3g/mL, 3.1g/mL, 3.2g/mL, 3.3g/mL, 3.4g/mL, 3.5g/mL, 3.6g/mL, 3.7g/mL, 3.8g/mL, 3.9g/mL, 4g/mL, etc.; the mass volume concentration of the bee-luring essence can be specifically as follows: 0.025g/mL, 0.03g/mL, 0.035g/mL, 0.0375g/mL, 0.04g/mL, 0.045g/mL, 0.05g/mL, 0.055g/mL, 0.06g/mL, 0.065g/mL, 0.07g/mL, 0.075g/mL, 0.08g/mL, 0.085g/mL, 0.09g/mL, 0.095g/mL, 0.1g/mL, 0.11g/mL, 0.115g/mL, 0.12g/mL, 0.125g/mL, 0.13g/mL, 0.135g/mL, 0.14g/mL, 0.145g/mL, 0.15g/mL, 0.155g/mL, 0.16g/mL, 0.165g/mL, 0.17g/mL, 0.175g/mL, 0.185g/mL, 0.205g/mL, 0., 0.215g/mL, 0.22g/mL, 0.225g/mL, 0.23g/mL, 0.235g/mL, 0.24g/mL, 0.245g/mL, 0.25g/mL, etc.; the mass volume concentration of the white granulated sugar can be specifically as follows: 0.5g/mL, 0.55g/mL, 0.6g/mL, 0.65g/mL, 0.7g/mL, 0.75g/mL, 0.8g/mL, 0.85g/mL, 0.9g/mL, 0.95g/mL, 1g/mL, 1.05g/mL, 1.1g/mL, 1.15g/mL, 1.2g/mL, 1.25g/mL, etc.;
in one embodiment, the attractant stock further comprises: a preservative with a mass volume concentration of 0.5-2g/mL, preferably 0.5-1.5g/mL, and an adsorbent with a mass volume concentration of 3-8g/mL, preferably 4-6 g/mL; the preservative may specifically have a mass volume concentration of: 0.5g/mL, 0.55g/mL, 0.6g/mL, 0.65g/mL, 0.7g/mL, 0.75g/mL, 0.8g/mL, 0.85g/mL, 0.9g/mL, 0.95g/mL, 1g/mL, 1.05g/mL, 1.1g/mL, 1.15g/mL, 1.2g/mL, 1.25g/mL, 1.3g/mL, 1.35g/mL, 1.4g/mL, 1.45g/mL, 1.5g/mL, 1.55g/mL, 1.6g/mL, 1.65g/mL, 1.7g/mL, 1.75g/mL, 1.8g/mL, 1.85g/mL, 1.9g/mL, 1.95g/mL, 2g/mL, etc.; the mass volume concentration of the adsorbent can be specifically as follows: 3g/mL, 3.1g/mL, 3.2g/mL, 3.3g/mL, 3.4g/mL, 3.5g/mL, 3.6g/mL, 3.7g/mL, 3.8g/mL, 3.9g/mL, 4g/mL, 4.1g/mL, 4.2g/mL, 4.3g/mL, 4.4g/mL, 4.5g/mL, 4.6g/mL, 4.7g/mL, 4.8g/mL, 4.9g/mL, 5g/mL, 5.1g/mL, 5.2g/mL, 5.3g/mL, 5.4g/mL, 5.5g/mL, 5.6g/mL, 5.7g/mL, 5.8g/mL, 5.9g/mL, 6g/mL, 6.1g/mL, 6.2g/mL, 6.6g/mL, 6g/mL, 6.7g/mL, 5.8g/mL, 6g/mL, 6.9g/mL, 6, 6.7g/mL, 6.8g/mL, 6.9g/mL, 7g/mL, 7.1g/mL, 7.2g/mL, 7.3g/mL, 7.4g/mL, 7.5g/mL, 7.6g/mL, 7.7g/mL, 7.8g/mL, 7.9g/mL, 8g/mL, and the like.
In one embodiment, in the step of preparing the attractant stock solution, first, the hydrophilic colloid is taken and fully dissolved by water; then, adding a humectant, an edible pigment and a preservative in sequence; finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare an attractant stock solution; the attractant stock solution also comprises edible pigment with the mass volume concentration of 0.05-0.15g/mL, and specifically comprises the following components: 0.05g/mL, 0.06g/mL, 0.07g/mL, 0.08g/mL, 0.09g/mL, 0.1g/mL, 0.11g/mL, 0.12g/mL, 0.13g/mL, 0.14g/mL, 0.15g/mL, and the like.
The mass volume concentration in the application refers to the ratio of the mass of a certain component in a solution system to the total volume of the solution system, and the unit is g/mL.
In one embodiment, in the first step, the honeycomb is first crushed sufficiently, added into distilled water preheated to 70-90 ℃, kept at the temperature for continuous heating and stirring until the honeycomb is dissolved, stopped heating, cooled at room temperature, concentrated and filtered by a vacuum concentration filter to obtain the honeycomb extract.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, firstly, the hydrophilic colloid is taken, distilled water with the mass 10-13 times of that of the hydrophilic colloid is measured, the distilled water is heated to 80-90 ℃ in a stirring barrel with a heating function, preferably to 85 ℃, then the hydrophilic colloid is added, the heating temperature is reduced to 65-75 ℃, preferably to 70 ℃ after the hydrophilic colloid is fully dissolved by continuous heating and stirring, and the heating and stirring are continuously carried out. Then, adding a humectant and a preservative in sequence; and finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare the attractant stock solution.
In one embodiment, the pH adjuster is added to adjust the pH of the attractant stock to 6-7, which may be, for example, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7, etc.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, after the bee attracting liquid composition, the adsorbent and the pH regulator are added, distilled water preheated to 50-60 ℃ is added to supplement the volume of the solution to 100%.
In the above embodiment, the volume of the distilled water preheated to 50 to 60 ℃ is small, and the pH of the solution before and after the addition is substantially constant, and the pH is between 6 and 7.
In a specific embodiment, in the sixth step, the attractant stock solution is poured into a vacuum defoaming stirrer for defoaming, after the attractant stock solution is solidified, a full-automatic filling and sealing machine is used for subpackaging and sealing, and the container is a 150-mL degradable plastic box with 200 mL. Keeping the liquid temperature not lower than 50 ℃, slowly pouring the liquid into a vacuum defoaming stirrer at the rotating speed not higher than 100r/min, keeping the vacuum degree at the negative pressure of 0.3-0.5MPa, and keeping the defoaming time at 3-5min until no bubbles are seen by naked eyes. And then curing at room temperature for 2-3h to obtain the solid bee attractant.
The application also provides a solid bee attractant prepared by any one of the preparation methods.
The present application further provides a field application technique for a solid bee attractant, the technique comprising: aerial photography and mapping are carried out on the large-scale seed production field 1-3 days before soybean blossoms, the solid bee attractant is packaged in a degradable plastic box of 150-plus-200 mL to obtain a solid bee attractant product, a packaging film of the solid bee attractant product is opened in advance, and an unmanned aerial vehicle is used for fixed-point feeding according to the density standard of 100-plus-150 per hectare and is uniformly distributed in the seed production field to ensure that the odor released by the solid bee attractant can generate enough attraction to bees so as to be retained in the field for pollination. The effect of the solid bee attractant can be maintained for 10-15 days, and the solid bee attractant can be applied for the second time in the full-bloom stage according to the actual situation, so that the attracting effect is improved.
The present application further provides a technique for isolated net room application of a solid bee attractant, the technique comprising: the domesticated bees are placed on a placing rack in an isolation net room about 3 days before the soybean blooms, a solid bee attractant is placed near a hive slot door, and a solid bee attractant is placed in the middle of the net room to attract the bees to fly out of the hive and start pollination. The effect of the solid bee attractant can be maintained for 10-15 days without secondary application.
Examples
The present application is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims. The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art and commercially available common instruments, unless otherwise specified.
Examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-4 were set according to the parameters in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Example 1
The artificial domestication honeybee is adopted to carry out pollination operation on the 5 hectare hybrid soybean seed production field, and the solid honeybee attractant is adopted to carry out artificial attraction. 150L of attractant stock solution needs to be prepared, and the preparation process is as follows:
1. the honeycomb was crushed sufficiently by 1500g using a crusher (Hewei 2500C), 5L of distilled water preheated to 90 ℃ was added, the mixture was kept at this temperature and heated continuously with stirring until the solid dissolved, and then heating was stopped, and the lower layer solution was filtered and concentrated to 1500mL by a vacuum concentration filter to obtain a honeycomb solution.
2. Taking 12.5g of lavender oil, 12.5g of strawberry oil, 12.5g of sweet orange oil, 12.5g of clover oil and 12.5g of soybean flower extract (12.5 g of lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil which are all produced by Guangdong fragrant essence and spice Co., Ltd.), adding 75% ethanol into a beaker, fully stirring for 30min until the solution is fully mixed and no layering phenomenon exists, and balancing to 500mL to obtain the melissa-inducing fragrant liquid.
3. 1000g of white granulated sugar (Nanning sugar Co., Ltd.) was taken, distilled water at 90 ℃ was added, and stirred until the white granulated sugar was sufficiently dissolved, and cooled at room temperature to obtain 1000mL of syrup.
4. Collecting bee spleen solution 1500mL, bee balm inducing solution 500mL, and syrup 1000mL, mixing well to obtain 3000mL attractant concentrate, and storing in refrigerator at 4 deg.C in dark and low temperature.
5. 7500g of carrageenan is taken, 75L of distilled water is measured, the distilled water is heated to 85 ℃ in a stirring barrel with the heating function, then the carrageenan is added, the heating and the stirring are continued until the carrageenan is fully dissolved, the heating temperature is reduced to 70 ℃, and the heating and the stirring are continued.
6. 4500g of propylene glycol, 150g of edible pigment, 750g of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and 750g of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate are sequentially added into a stirring barrel, and the mixture is stirred until the mixture is uniformly mixed.
7. Adding 60L of distilled water preheated to 50-60 ℃, adding 3000mL of attractant concentrated solution, adding 7500g of clean activated carbon particles washed by distilled water, slowly adding a pH regulator until the pH value is 6, and finally adding a small amount of distilled water preheated to 50-60 ℃ to supplement solution to 150L to obtain attractant stock solution, wherein the pH value of the attractant stock solution is 6.1.
8. Defoaming in a vacuum defoaming stirrer (easy-rich mechanical production), subpackaging into 750 degradable plastic boxes of 200mL by using a full-automatic filling and sealing machine after the attractant stock solution is solidified, sealing to prepare 750 solid attractants, and storing in a refrigeration house of 4 ℃ for refrigeration and standby.
Surveying and mapping a 1 hectare seed field 1 day before soybean blossoming by using DJI unmanned aerial vehicles, setting waypoints and editing route, wherein the throwing density is 150 bees/hectare, and artificially domesticated bees are thrown into the plot on the day of soybean blossoming.
The flowering phase attraction effect survey takes the number of pollination bees and other pollination insects actively working in the field as an index, and the pollination effect takes the outcrossing seed setting rate of the female parent and the theoretical yield as an index. Respectively carrying out 3 times of random sampling investigation on soybean flowering phases, randomly selecting 5 points for fixed point observation every time, wherein each point is 3m x 3m, averagely selecting 5620 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) in each hectare seed production field through statistical calculation, randomly selecting 5 points in autumn, continuously pulling 10 plants in each point, and calculating the theoretical yield of each hectare of the seed production field to be 1376.7 kg.
Example 2
The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the mass ratio of the total mass of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 6: 1. by statistical calculation, 5077 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 1027.1 kg.
Example 3
The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the mass ratio of the total mass of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 4: 1. the statistical calculation shows that 4950 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 1153.6 kg.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that the pH of the attractant stock was 5.7. At this pH the gel strength decreased and was evaporated off in about 4 days. According to statistical calculation, 4510 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 907.2 kg.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that the pH of the attractant stock was 7.2. Gel strength is higher but toughness is lower, takes place the breakage to the condition at unmanned aerial vehicle input in-process, and antiseptic effect is not good, and mould appears in the high temperature part attractant colloid behind the rain, and the effect of luring receives certain influence. Through statistical calculation, 4760 pollinating insects exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 850.1 kg.
Example 6
The difference between the embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the total mass of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is unchanged, and the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is 8: 1: 6. through statistical calculation, 5972 pollination insects (containing pollination bees) exist in the average seed production field per hectare, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 1228.5 kg.
Example 7
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the total mass of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is unchanged, and the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is 2: 1: 2. through statistical calculation, 5260 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 1086.4 kg.
Example 8
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the total mass of the hydrocolloid, humectant and honeycomb was constant, and the mass ratio of the three was 3: 2: 1.5. through statistical calculation, 5170 pollination insects (containing pollination bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 1109.5 kg.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the total mass of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is unchanged, and the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen, the bee inducing essence and the white granulated sugar is 4: 3: 5. the statistical calculation shows that 4220 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 903.3 kg.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, the total mass of the essential oil is unchanged, the proportion of each essential oil is unchanged, and the difference is that the soybean flower extract is not contained. The statistical calculation shows that 3170 pollination insects (containing pollination bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 749.2 kg.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 1, the total mass of the essential oil is unchanged, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 6.5: 1. the average number of pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) 4007 in each hectare seed production field is calculated by statistics, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 775.4 kg.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the total mass of the hydrophilic colloid, the humectant and the honeycomb is unchanged, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic colloid, the humectant and the honeycomb is 2.5: 6: 1. the statistical calculation shows that 3957 pollinating insects (containing pollinating bees) exist in the seed production field per hectare on average, 5 points are randomly selected in autumn, 10 plants are continuously pulled out at each point, and the theoretical yield per hectare of the seed production field is calculated to be 750.2 kg.
Although the present application has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modification and modification made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application shall fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid composition for attracting bees, which is characterized in that,
the bee attracting liquid composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
2. the bee attracting liquid composition as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 5: 1.
3. the bee attracting liquid composition of claim 1 or 2 wherein the essential oil comprises: lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil;
preferably, the essential oil comprises lavender oil, strawberry oil, sweet orange oil, clover oil and clove oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
4. a solid bee attractant, comprising: an attractant bee liquid composition, a hydrophilic colloid, a humectant and a pH regulator;
the bee attracting liquid composition comprises: honeycomb spleen extracting solution, bee inducing essence and white granulated sugar;
taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
the mass ratio of the honeycomb spleen to the bee-luring essence to the white granulated sugar is 10-30: 0.5-5: 10-25, preferably 15-24: 0.75-3: 10-18;
the bee-luring essence comprises essential oil and soybean flower extract liquid; the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is (4-6): 1.
5. the solid bee attractant according to claim 4, further comprising a preservative, an adsorbent and a food color.
6. The solid bee attractant according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the mass ratio of said hydrophilic colloid, said humectant and said honeycomb spleen is 3-6: 2-4: 0.5-1.5, preferably 4-5: 2.5-3.5: 0.75-1.2.
7. The solid bee attractant according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the mass ratio of said preservative, said adsorbent and said honeycomb spleen is 0.5-2: 3-8: 0.5-1.5, preferably 0.5-1.5: 4-6: 0.75-1.2.
8. The solid bee attractant according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein said hydrophilic colloid is carrageenan; preferably, the humectant is propylene glycol; preferably, the preservative is selected from one or both of methylparaben and ethylparaben; preferably, the adsorbent is activated carbon.
9. The bee attracting liquid composition as set forth in any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the mass ratio of the essential oil to the soybean flower extract is 5: 1.
10. a method for preparing a solid bee attractant, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing honeycomb spleen extracting solution: taking honeycomb spleen, fully dissolving the honeycomb spleen by using water, concentrating and filtering to prepare the honeycomb spleen extracting solution;
preparing the bee flower balm fragrant liquid: adding 75% ethanol into bee-luring essence, stirring, and mixing to obtain bee-luring essence;
preparing syrup: taking white granulated sugar, and fully dissolving the white granulated sugar with water to prepare the syrup;
preparing a bee-attracting liquid composition: mixing the prepared honeycomb spleen extract, bee attracting fragrant liquid and syrup uniformly to prepare the bee attracting liquid composition;
preparing an attractant stock solution: firstly, taking hydrophilic colloid, and fully dissolving the hydrophilic colloid by using water; then, adding a humectant and a preservative in sequence; finally, adding the attractant liquid composition, an adsorbent and a pH regulator to prepare an attractant stock solution;
and (3) curing: and curing to obtain the solid bee attractant.
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