CN103155856A

CN103155856A - Artificial hybridization method for improving peony breeding fecundity

Info

Publication number: CN103155856A
Application number: CN2013101265081A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王二强; 王占营; 郭亚珍; 邵安领; 梁长安; 韩鲲; 庞静静; 张红权; 李海波; 卢林; 刘红凡; 刘振国; 张艳红
Original assignee: Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2013-04-12
Filing date: 2013-04-12
Publication date: 2013-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-12
Also published as: CN103155856B

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial hybridization method for improving peony breeding fecundity. The artificial hybridization method comprises the steps of: (1). collecting male parent pollen and carrying out refrigerated storage of the male parent pollen; (2). cutting off a part of a female parent petal, removing anther, dipping pollen germination fluid, smearing the pollen germination fluid on a female parent stigma, dipping pollen, smearing the pollen on the surface of the stigma, and then bagging a hybrid flower for isolation; (3). hanging a tag on a corresponding branch of a hybrid plant, and establishing a hybrid file; and (4). after a peony flowering phase, punching a through hole in the isolating bag, retaining the isolating bag until a seed develops to a certain degree, and harvesting timely. The peony artificial hybridization method provided by the invention effectively guarantees the pollen vitality through low-temperature storage of the pollen, thus solving the problem of flowering asynchronism of hybridized combination; the pollen germination fluid is manually smeared to create a pollen germination environment so as to improve the germination rate of the male parent pollen, and effectively overcome the obstacle before hybridized fertilization; and the punched isolating bag is retained, so that the functions of ventilation and rain prevention are achieved, simultaneously the intensity of sunlight direct radiation is reduced, the insect and bird bites are reduced, and the phenomena of early cracking and withering of capsules are reduced.

Description

A kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant hybridization breeding field, be specifically related to a kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity.

Background technology

Tree peony hybridization is at present mainly carried out between the Varieties of Peony of natural flower synchronization, gathers fresh pollen and carries out the parent material intermolecular hybrid, during pollination, directly with swab stick, paternal pollen is applied in maternal column cap, then carry out the bagging isolation, after the florescence, sack is removed Routine Management.In hybridization, often because Pollen Activity is unsecured, process of growth is without effective protection measure, and fecundity is poor, and the seed collecting amount is little.Store pollen under normal temperature, during the parent material flowering asynchronism, can't guarantee pollen activity in crossover process; During pollination, because maternal column cap may be sprouted environmental condition by the imperfect flower powder, cause that pollen can not be sprouted, death, thereby can not be fertilized, affect solid; If isolation pocket was in time removed after the florescence, due to the reasons such as sun direct projection, wind and weather, worm bird bite cause a large amount of tree peonies fruit pods can not normal mature and cracking, withered or damage in advance.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the deficiency for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity is provided, method by cryopreservation pollen, effectively guarantee Pollen Activity, solve hybrid combination flowering asynchronism problem, for smearing pollen germination liquid, create the pollen germination environmental condition by the people, improve the paternal pollen germination rate, effectively overcome obstacle prefecundation.

The present invention is the deficiency that solves the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme that adopts is: a kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity comprises the following steps:

(1), at the tree peony initial bloom stage, cut the male parent peony flowers, at indoor removal petal and calyx, be placed on clean culture dish, then be placed in the shady and cool ventilation place and carry out natural seasoning, when the anther dehiscence loose powder, shake gently fresh idea, collect pollen to the pollen bottle, and the pollen bottle is stored in freezer compartment of refrigerator, the storage temperature that freezer compartment of refrigerator is set is between-17 ℃ to-13 ℃, and is standby.

When needs use the pollen that stores, the pollen bottle is taken out from freezer compartment of refrigerator, be transferred in the Medical heat-preserving box of built-in ice cube.

(2), at the tree peony initial bloom stage, wipe out maternal part petal with scissors, but can not injure gynoecium, holder, with tweezers, maternal flower pesticide be removed totally, then dip a small amount of pollen germination liquid with medical cotton stick and be applied in maternal column cap, dip pollen with medicinal cotton swab, evenly be applied to stigma surface, guarantee that every kind of pollen has special-purpose cotton swab, then bagging isolation, the lower end is fixed on the tree peony anthocaulus after closing up, and can not injure anthocaulus in the time of fixedly.

The formula of described peony pollen germination fluid is: every 1L peony pollen germination fluid contains 0.04g boric acid, 50g sucrose and 3g agar, and surplus is water, and three kinds of raw materials measure in proportion, add the water constant volume after stirring, and put into the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only sealed storage.

(3), hang up label on the corresponding branch of hybridization maternal plant, foundation hybridization archives; The hybridization archive content should comprise: hybrid combination numbering, Parent title, pollen collection used or storage time, pollination date and hybrid seed harvest date and quantity.

(4), after peony forescence, beat on isolation pocket and get 8～10 through holes, keep isolation pocket, then observe and strengthen daily management, until fruit and seed development is to a certain extent the time, timely collecting.

On described isolation pocket, the aperture of the through hole of punching is between 0.2～0.3cm.

Beneficial effect:

1, tree peony artificial hybridization method of the present invention by cryopreservation pollen, effectively guarantees Pollen Activity, solves the problem of hybrid combination flowering asynchronism.

2, tree peony artificial hybridization method of the present invention for smearing pollen germination liquid, is created the pollen germination environmental condition by the people, improves the paternal pollen germination rate, reduces obstacle prefecundation.

3, tree peony artificial hybridization method of the present invention is in the crossbreed process of growth, keeps the punching isolation pocket, and ventilative, printing opacity, rainproof reduce simultaneously sunshine direct projection intensity, reduce the worm bird and bite, and reduces that the fruit pod is ftractureed in advance, withered phenomenon.And can accurately locate the hybridization flower, be beneficial to the results after seed maturity.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

A kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity comprises the following steps:

The requirement of male parent has at least one to meet the breeding objective requirement in florescence, pattern, flower type etc., outstanding behaviours being arranged conveniently.

The formula of described peony pollen germination fluid is: every 1L peony pollen germination fluid contains 0.04g boric acid, 50g sucrose and 3g agar, and surplus is water, and three kinds of raw materials measure in proportion, add the water constant volume after stirring, and put into the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only sealed storage.The peony pollen germinant can also add auxiliary element: brassin, phytic acid, Cobastab ₂And glycerine, glycerine can be regulated the osmotic pressure of germinant, and brassin is plant hormone, and the addition of each auxiliary element is: add brassin 0.02g, phytic acid 30ul, Cobastab in every liter of peony pollen germinant ₂0.06g and glycerine 20 μ l, add peony pollen germination fluid after auxiliary element to be more suitable for the sprouting environment of peony pollen, the sprouting of peony pollen is had preferably promote.

Further illustrate artificial hybridization method of the present invention in the superiority that improves aspect tree peony breeding fecundity below by experimental data:

Table 1 is the data statistics of the hybrid experiment of doing in 2011, and the hybridization technique that use the current year when hybridization is traditional hybridization technique.

Table 1 is as follows:

Through last statistics: the current year, the cohybridization flower was several 463,2153 of the crossbreed of gathering, and average ripening rate is 4.65/piece.

Table 2 is the data statistics of the hybrid experiment of doing in 2012, uses hybridization technique of the present invention the current year when hybridization.

Table 2 is as follows:

Do altogether 1732 flowers the current year, 19421 seeds of crossbreed of gathering, 11.21/piece of average ripening rates.

By the statistical data of the cross experiments of 2 years, can find out, after adopting artificial hybridization method of the present invention, the ripening rate of tree peony has had raising by a relatively large margin, and effect is superior, is convenient to utilization and extention.

Claims

1. artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1), at the tree peony initial bloom stage, cut the male parent peony flowers, at indoor removal petal and calyx, be placed on clean culture dish, then be placed in the shady and cool ventilation place and carry out natural seasoning, when the anther dehiscence loose powder, shake gently fresh idea, collect pollen to the pollen bottle, and the pollen bottle is stored in freezer compartment of refrigerator, the storage temperature that freezer compartment of refrigerator is set is between-17 ℃ to-13 ℃, and is standby;

When needs use the pollen that stores, the pollen bottle is taken out from freezer compartment of refrigerator, be transferred in the Medical heat-preserving box of built-in ice cube;

(2), at the tree peony initial bloom stage, wipe out maternal part petal with scissors, but can not injure gynoecium, holder, with tweezers, maternal flower pesticide be removed totally, then dip a small amount of pollen germination liquid with medical cotton stick and be applied in maternal column cap, dip pollen with medicinal cotton swab, evenly be applied to stigma surface, guarantee that every kind of pollen has special-purpose cotton swab, then bagging isolation, the lower end is fixed on the tree peony anthocaulus after closing up, and can not injure anthocaulus in the time of fixedly;

The formula of described peony pollen germination fluid is: every 1L peony pollen germination fluid contains 0.04g boric acid, 50g sucrose and 3g agar, and surplus is water, and three kinds of raw materials measure in proportion, add the water constant volume after stirring, and put into the Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only sealed storage;

(3), hang up label on the corresponding branch of hybridization maternal plant, foundation hybridization archives; The hybridization archive content should comprise: hybrid combination numbering, Parent title, pollen collection used or storage time, pollination date and hybrid seed harvest date and quantity;

2. a kind of artificial hybridization method that improves tree peony breeding fecundity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: on described isolation pocket, the aperture of the through hole of punching is between 0.2～0.3cm.