CN112515158A - 一种富硒食用菌片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种富硒食用菌片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112515158A CN112515158A CN201910883250.7A CN201910883250A CN112515158A CN 112515158 A CN112515158 A CN 112515158A CN 201910883250 A CN201910883250 A CN 201910883250A CN 112515158 A CN112515158 A CN 112515158A
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种富硒食用菌片及其制备方法，所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉30‑50份、枸杞提取物2‑5份、金银花0.5‑3份、羊肚菌2‑8份、栗蘑2‑8份、菊芋粉10‑18份、青钱柳提取物8‑15份、苦瓜提取物8‑12份。一种制备富硒食用菌片的方法包括按照比例取硒粉、枸杞提取物、金银花、羊肚菌、栗蘑、菊芋粉、青钱柳提取物、苦瓜提取物充分混合形成混合物，然后在所述混合物中加入麦芽糊精、山梨糖醇和硬脂酸镁，压制形成所述富硒食用菌片。本发明实施例的食用菌片直接调节人体内的糖分，还可阻止自由基攻击人体胰岛细胞，恢复胰岛功，降低血糖的作用。本发明实施例的食用菌片具有增强精子活力的的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及保健品制备技术领域，具体涉及一种富硒食用菌片及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，硒为全球备受瞩目的微量元素。亚利桑那大学进行的防癌试验表明，每天服用200微克硒。新制剂的人群中，癌症总死亡率降低了50％，总发病率降低了37％，前列腺癌的发病率降低了63％。结肠癌的发病率尤其是体内硒浓度低的人群，补充吸收以后，这种抗癌作用更为明显，科学家通过大量的科学研究与临床实践证实，硒是一种难得的抗癌元素。硒对于肝病，肝炎，脂肪肝，肝硬化，肝癌等患者，心脑血管病患者，糖尿病患者，癌症患者，胃肠道疾病患者，从事有毒有害工作者，易疲劳人群和常年嗜烟久者，免疫力低下的儿童和青少年，渴望健康长寿的老人，白内障患者。健身美容者，常化妆的人群，艾滋病患者生活不规律者，涉及环境污染人群，前列腺疾病患者都有很好的保健作用。
硒是人体必需营养元素，机体的每一个细胞都含有硒。硒可以保护机体免受自由基的侵害，当机体缺硒时，会诱导癌细胞或病毒加速复制和增殖，人体免疫力会更加下降。人体补充足量吸食硒会发挥其两面活性。一方面会保护健康细胞，提高免疫力，增殖免疫细胞。另一方面，直接在癌细胞和病毒里繁殖期，硒元素营养的供给会抑制癌细胞或病毒细胞的分裂。并激发体内转录因子的活性，来调节早期癌细胞的DNA，促进癌细胞转录成正常细胞。
但是，目前缺乏相应的，可以提供含有充分硒元素，同时可以提高人体免疫力，抑制癌细胞的作用的食品。
发明内容
为此，本发明实施例提供一种富硒食用菌片及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中食品保健效果差的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供如下技术方案：
一种富硒食用菌片，其所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉30-50份、枸杞提取物2-5份、金银花0.5-3份、羊肚菌2-8份、栗蘑2-8份、菊芋粉10-18份、青钱柳提取物8-15份、苦瓜提取物8-12份。
优选的，所述富硒食用菌片还包括质量分数为10-15份的麦芽糊精。
优选的，所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉35-45份、枸杞提取物2.5-4.5份、金银花1-2份、羊肚菌3-5份、栗蘑3-5份、菊芋粉12-16份、青钱柳提取物10-12份、苦瓜提取物9-11份。
优选的，所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉40份、枸杞提取物2.4份、金银花1份、羊肚菌5份、栗蘑5份、菊芋粉15份、青钱柳提取物10份、苦瓜提取物10份。
优选的，所述富硒食用菌片还包括山梨糖醇和硬脂酸镁。
本发明实施例还提供一种制备所述的富硒食用菌片的方法，其包括按照比例取硒粉、枸杞提取物、金银花、羊肚菌、栗蘑、菊芋粉、青钱柳提取物、苦瓜提取物充分混合形成混合物，然后在所述混合物中加入麦芽糊精、山梨糖醇和硬脂酸镁，压制形成所述富硒食用菌片。
优选的，所述枸杞提取物、青钱柳提取物或苦瓜提取物的水分含量不大于5％。
优选的，所述金银花、羊肚菌和栗蘑超微破碎后，均过100目筛。
本发明实施例中，栗蘑学名灰树花，其由于富含铁，铜和维他命C，能预防贫血、白血病、白癜风、防止动脉硬化和脑血栓的发生。它的硒和铬含量较高，其有保护肝脏，胰脏，预防肝硬化和糖尿病的作用。硒含量高，还具有防治克山病，大骨节病和某些心脏病的功能。它兼含钙和维生素D，两者配合能有效地防治佝瘘病。较高的锌含量有利大脑发育，保持视觉敏锐，促进伤口愈合。高含量的维生素E和硒配合，使之能抗衰老，增强记忆力和灵敏度。同时它又是极好的免疫调节。与作为中药的灰树花和朱玲等效。可治小便不利，水肿，脚气，肝硬化，浮水及糖尿病等，是非常宝贵的药用真菌。它还有抑制高血压和肥胖症的功效，同时具有抗御癌肿的作用。
本发明实施例中，羊肚菌，具有和胃消食、化痰、理气的功能，用于消化不良，痰多，气短；羊肚菌，具有补肾壮阳，补脑提神的功能，对于精神亏损，阳痿不举，性功能减退，性欲冷淡有明显的改善作用。长期食用可防癌抗癌，抑制肿瘤，预防感冒，增加人体免疫力的功效，羊肚菌对减肥和美容也有功效，特别是，女性经常使用羊肚菌，不但可以美容，增白，还可以消除面部黑斑，黄斑，雀斑，暗疮等作用，还能使皮肤长期保持细腻，嫩白，光滑；对消除焦虑，增强睡眠质量都有良好的效果。
本发明实施例中，菊芋粉具有润肠通便，调节肠道功能。排毒养颜，减轻肝脏负担。减肥瘦身；控制三高。双向调节血糖，改善糖尿病症状。促进矿物质吸收；增强免疫力。增殖益生菌，促进肠道菌群平衡。
本年发明实施例中，枸杞提取物其拉丁文学名为：Lycium barbarum L，棕黄色粉末。主要成分是:枸杞多糖(Lycium barbarum polysaccharides)分子量为22～25kD，由阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、木糖、鼠李糖6种单糖成分组成，含量20％，50％(UV)。甜菜碱(betaine)分子式：C5H11NO2分子量：117.15。熔点：301℃。水溶解度：160g/100mL性状：纯甜菜碱为白色吸湿性结晶，中性，稳定性、流动性好。甜菜碱盐酸盐为白色吸湿性粉末或结晶，PH＝0.8～1.2。40％甜菜碱粉剂为淡黄色，中性，不易吸湿，稳定性、流动性好。枸杞用于护眼明目、补血、降三高、免疫调节、美容养颜、抗辐射、抗衰老。
本发明实施例中，青钱柳，又摇钱树、麻柳，胡桃科，我国南方多省均有发现，多以零星分布。青钱柳提取物主要成分:青钱柳所含成分主要分为两种：一种是无机营养成分，一种是有机营养成分，其中芽叶活性成分含量是其它部位的8～15倍。青钱柳茶的无机成分不仅含有人体必需的钾、钙、镁、磷等人体必需的常量元索，还含有锰、铁、铜、铬、锌、硒、钒、锗等微量元素，与糖代谢和胰岛素作用密切相关的元素Ni、Cr、V、Se的含量较高，其中Ni、Cr、V的含量大约为传统茶叶的10倍。现代营养学研究已证实，钾为胰岛素分泌、肌酸磷酸化作用、碳水化合物代谢和蛋白质合成所必需，对高血糖、高血脂和高血压人群极为重要，微量元素铬是葡萄糖耐量因子的有机成分之一，能够协助胰岛素发挥降血糖作用，并能改善糖耐量。青钱柳提取物有机营养成分，青钱柳黄酮：能有效清除体内的氧自由基，改善血液循环，降低胆固醇，扩张冠状血管、预防心脑血管疾病。青钱柳苷：这是一种天然甜味剂，并且是非热值皂苷类，能够满足高血糖患者对甜味的需求，而不加重病情，同时在降糖、降脂、降压方面具有很好的作用。青钱柳多糖：具有良好的降血糖作用，能够有效提高高血糖患者糖耐受量。青钱柳提取物具有：降血糖，降脂，降压；食品添加剂；预防心血管疾病强健身体；保健功能，抗氧化防衰老。
本发明实施例中，苦瓜提取物，英文名称，Bitter Melon Extract CAS，源自苦瓜提取物的果实。苦瓜提取物(Momordica Charantia Linn.)为葫芦科苦瓜属一年生蔓生草本植物。苦瓜的茎、枝、叶柄及花梗披有柔毛，腋生卷须。叶子的直径达3至12厘米，有5至7道掌状深裂，裂片呈椭圆形，外沿有锯齿。春夏之交开花，雌雄同株，黄色。果实长椭圆形，表面具有多数不整齐瘤状突起。种子藏于肉质果实之中，成熟时有红色的囊裹着。苦瓜提取物原产亚洲热带地区，广泛分布于热带、亚热带和温带地区。印度、日本以及东南亚地区栽培历史久远，中国栽培历史约600年。苦瓜提取物为胡芦科植物苦瓜Momordica charantia L.的果实提取物，含苦瓜甙(Charantin，是β-谷甾醇-β-葡萄糖甙和5，25-豆甾二烯醇-3-葡萄糖甙的等分子混合物)，尚含烟酸、5-羟基色胺、多种维生素和多种氨基酸等，具有降血糖、抗癌、抗菌、抗病毒、抗生育、增强免疫力等药理活性。
主要成分与性质：从果实中提取的成分有植物胰岛素(Plant insulin)，植物蛋白质(由17种氨基酸组成)，苦瓜脑苷(Momor-cerebroside)，大豆脑苷(Soyacerebroside)，苦瓜亭(Charantin)，尿嘧啶(Uracil)，U-谷甾醇(U-sitoster ol),苦瓜素甙F1、G、I(Momordicoside F1、G、I)，胡萝卜甾醇(Daucoste-rol)。从种子中提取的成分有苦瓜甙A、B、C、D(MomordicosideA、B、C、D)，苦瓜凝集素(Momordica charantialectin)，苦瓜抑制剂(Momordica charantia inhibitor)，核糖体失活蛋白(Ribosome inactivatingprotein)，蚕豆甙(Vicine)，海藻糖(Mycose)，氨基酸，M AP30(Momordica Anti-HIVProteinof30KD)，P蛋白等。胰岛素(Insulin)：哺乳动物胰岛β细胞分泌的蛋白性激素，分子中含有以二硫键相连接的两条多肽链。晶形的胰岛素还含有少量重金属元素如锌、镍、钴等。蚕豆苷(Vicine)：异名巢菜碱苷。分子式C10H16N4O7，分子量304.26。无色针状结晶(水)，mp.248℃～250℃(分解)，[α]D25-17°(C＝1.12，水)。1g约溶于100mL水，微溶于乙醇，在稀酸或稀碱溶液中能迅速溶解。海藻糖(Mycose)mp.97℃(含水物)，210℃(无水物)。苦瓜脑苷(Momor-cerebroside)：化学名8(E)-N-(2′-D-羟基-二十四烷酰基)-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-8-烯-十八鞘氨醇(8[E]-N-[2’-hydroxy-tetracosyl]-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-en-octadecaspingenine)。分子式C48H93O10N，分子量843。白色结晶性粉末(90％乙醇)，mp.143℃～145℃。大豆脑苷(Soya-cerebroside)：化学名4[E]，8[E]-N-[2’-D-羟基-十六烷酰基]-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷-4，8-二烯一十八鞘氨醇。白色结晶性粉末(90％乙醇)，mp.180℃～182℃。
本发明实施例具有如下优点：
本发明实施例的食用菌片，不仅具有与胰岛素相似的作用，直接调节人体内的糖分。还可阻止自由基攻击人体胰岛细胞，恢复胰岛功，降低血糖的作用。本发明实施例的食用菌片具有增强精子活力的的功效。以及有效促进胃黏膜的修复和溃疡的愈合，提高免疫力的作用。本发明实施例的食用菌片具有可预防心脑血管疾病、高血压、动脉硬化等作用。本发明实施例的食用菌片能清除自由基，具有很好的抗衰老功效，美白皮肤，减少化妆品中铅的毒性，保护皮肤的作用。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例中提供一种富硒食用菌片，该富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉3g、枸杞提取物0.2g、金银花0.05g、羊肚菌0.2g、栗蘑0.2g、菊芋粉1g、青钱柳提取物0.8g、苦瓜提取物0.8g。
本发明实施例中，将所述硒粉3g、枸杞提取物0.2g、金银花0.05g、羊肚菌0.2g、栗蘑0.2g、菊芋粉1g、青钱柳提取物0.8g、苦瓜提取物0.8g，混合后，压制得到本发明实施例的富硒食用菌片。
实施例2
本发明实施例中提供一种富硒食用菌片，该富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉5g、枸杞提取物0.5g、金银花0.3g、羊肚菌0.8g、栗蘑0.8g、菊芋粉1.8g、青钱柳提取物1.5g、苦瓜提取物1.2g。
本发明实施例中，将所述硒粉5g、枸杞提取物0.5g、金银花0.3g、羊肚菌0.8g、栗蘑0.8g、菊芋粉1.8g、青钱柳提取物1.5g、苦瓜提取物1.2g，混合后，压制得到本发明实施例的富硒食用菌片。
实施例3
本发明实施例中提供一种富硒食用菌片，该富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉4g、枸杞提取物0.24g、金银花0.1g、羊肚菌0.5g、栗蘑0.5g、菊芋粉1.5g、青钱柳提取物1.0g、苦瓜提取物1.0g。
本发明实施例中，将所述硒粉4g、枸杞提取物0.24g、金银花0.1g、羊肚菌0.5g、栗蘑0.5g、菊芋粉1.5g、青钱柳提取物1.0g、苦瓜提取物1.0g，混合后，压制得到本发明实施例的富硒食用菌片。
实施例4
本发明实施例中提供一种富硒食用菌片，该富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉3g、枸杞提取物0.2g、金银花0.05g、羊肚菌0.2g、栗蘑0.2g、菊芋粉1g、青钱柳提取物0.8g、苦瓜提取物0.8g、1g麦芽糊精。
本发明实施例中，将所述硒粉3g、枸杞提取物0.2g、金银花0.05g、羊肚菌0.2g、栗蘑0.2g、菊芋粉1g、青钱柳提取物0.8g、苦瓜提取物0.8g，1g麦芽糊精混合后，压制得到本发明实施例的富硒食用菌片。
实施例5
本发明实施例中提供一种富硒食用菌片，该富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉5g、枸杞提取物0.5g、金银花0.3g、羊肚菌0.8g、栗蘑0.8g、菊芋粉1.8g、青钱柳提取物1.5g、苦瓜提取物1.2g，山梨糖醇2g和硬脂酸镁0.3g。
本发明实施例中，将所述硒粉5g、枸杞提取物0.5g、金银花0.3g、羊肚菌0.8g、栗蘑0.8g、菊芋粉1.8g、青钱柳提取物1.5g、苦瓜提取物1.2g，山梨糖醇2g和硬脂酸镁0.3g混合后，压制得到本发明实施例的富硒食用菌片。
本发明实施例1至5中，枸杞提取物、青钱柳提取物或苦瓜提取物的水分含量不大于5％。
本发明实施例1至5中，金银花、羊肚菌和栗蘑超微破碎后，均过100目筛。
本发明实施例1至5中，苦瓜提取物的制备方法如下：将160kg新鲜苦瓜洗净去籽榨汁成浆，用30目滤布挤压过滤，于0～-5℃下静置14h，虹吸出上清液，即得苦瓜提取物药液约100L，于0～-5℃下保存备用。
取备用苦瓜提取物药液30L通过已预处理并填充好的500ml大孔树脂吸附柱,控制流出速度为3L/h收集流出液。当流出液的体积达14L后开始，每25min尝试一次流出液的口味。当流出液体积在约18L时，没有苦味，当流出液体积在19L时，稍有苦味感觉，而当流出液体积在20L时，有明显的苦味感觉。确定吸附过程的药液与树脂的比例为：药液：树脂＝30：l(v/v)，流出液的速度为3L/h。
取备用苦瓜提取物药液50L，按上述吸附条件通过已预处理并填充好的1000ml大孔树脂吸附柱，收集流出液，整个吸附过程需约10h左右。再将收集到的流出物经喷雾干燥，得浅黄色粉末222g，即为苦瓜提取物。此药粉口感无苦味,性温。
临床实施例
朱某，男，66岁，2013年发现高血压，2014年1月体检发现空腹血糖16.0毫摩尔/升，餐后血糖25.1毫摩尔/升，住院治疗22天，以注射胰岛素方法血糖基本正常出院。出院后继续注射长效胰岛素3个月后停用胰岛素，改口服药。但血糖控制不理想，空腹血糖7-10毫摩尔/升，餐后血糖8-13毫摩尔/升，2017年查2次糖化血红蛋白，含量分别为7.8％、8.4％。2018年1月在原药物治疗基础上加服本发明实施例1制备的食用菌片2片/次，2次/日，血糖逐步稳定，大多数时间血糖能够控制在正常范围。2018年12月糖化血红蛋白含量降至6.1％，2019年6月糖化血红蛋白含量5.2％，表明血糖控制理想。患者总胆固醇由214年11月的7.1毫摩尔/升降至6.3毫摩尔/升，随机测血压均在正常范围。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种富硒食用菌片，其特征在于，所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉30-50份、枸杞提取物2-5份、金银花0.5-3份、羊肚菌2-8份、栗蘑2-8份、菊芋粉10-18份、青钱柳提取物8-15份、苦瓜提取物8-12份。
2.如权利要求1所述的富硒食用菌片，其特征在于，
所述富硒食用菌片还包括质量分数为10-15份的麦芽糊精。
3.如权利要求1所述的富硒食用菌片，其特征在于，
所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉35-45份、枸杞提取物2.5-4.5份、金银花1-2份、羊肚菌3-5份、栗蘑3-5份、菊芋粉12-16份、青钱柳提取物10-12份、苦瓜提取物9-11份。
4.如权利要求1所述的富硒食用菌片，其特征在于，
所述富硒食用菌片包括以下质量份数的原料组成：硒粉40份、枸杞提取物2.4份、金银花1份、羊肚菌5份、栗蘑5份、菊芋粉15份、青钱柳提取物10份、苦瓜提取物10份。
5.如权利要求1所述的富硒食用菌片，其特征在于，
所述富硒食用菌片还包括山梨糖醇和硬脂酸镁。
6.一种制备权利要求1所述的富硒食用菌片的方法，其特征在于包括按照比例取硒粉、枸杞提取物、金银花、羊肚菌、栗蘑、菊芋粉、青钱柳提取物、苦瓜提取物充分混合形成混合物，然后在所述混合物中加入麦芽糊精、山梨糖醇和硬脂酸镁，压制形成所述富硒食用菌片。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述枸杞提取物、青钱柳提取物或苦瓜提取物的水分含量不大于5％。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述金银花、羊肚菌和栗蘑超微破碎后，均过100目筛。
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| CN107028166A (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-11 | 段正皓 | 一种预防癌症的富硒配方食品及其制备方法 |
| CN108308313A (zh) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-07-24 | 广西中医药大学 | 一种青钱柳降血糖保健茶及其制备方法 |
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| CN113425786A (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏大学 | 一种具有降血糖作用的药食同源组合物及其应用 |
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