CN112514755B - Planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time - Google Patents
Planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time Download PDFInfo
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- CN112514755B CN112514755B CN202011623952.0A CN202011623952A CN112514755B CN 112514755 B CN112514755 B CN 112514755B CN 202011623952 A CN202011623952 A CN 202011623952A CN 112514755 B CN112514755 B CN 112514755B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of green sword bean planting, and provides a planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: seed selection: selecting a green sword bean variety picked at one time; land preparation: preparing soil 1-2 days before sowing, applying base fertilizer, raking, making beds and ridges; precision seeding; building a bracket; managing water and fertilizer; harvesting: after the kidney beans are ripe, harvesting at one time. The planting method for harvesting the green sword beans at one time can realize the one-time harvesting of the green sword beans, solve the problem of economic loss caused by difficulty in hiring workers and improve the yield of the green sword beans.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green sword bean planting, in particular to a planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time.
Background
The green sword beans are also called kidney beans, jade beans and small sword beans, are annual winding herbaceous plants, are pod-type varieties in the kidney beans, have two types of vintage and dwarf, contain rich sugars, proteins and fats, and have higher nutritional value. In the large-scale planting process of the green sword beans, three times of picking are generally needed, the labor amount for picking is very large, but due to the discontinuity of picking, workers are difficult to hire; and the yield of the green sword beans is gradually reduced along with the increase of the picking times. Therefore, the second picking period and the third picking period are reached, and even picking is abandoned because picking workers cannot be found sometimes, so that the economic benefit of the planting base is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed selection: selecting a green sword bean variety picked at one time;
(2) Land preparation: preparing soil 1-2 days before sowing, applying base fertilizer, raking, making beds and ridges;
(3) Precision seeding: the seeding hole distance is 40-45 cm multiplied by 50-70 cm, the seeding depth is 3-4 cm, and 3-4 seeds are sown in each hole;
(4) Building a support: before the vines of the plants are extracted, a support is built, the vines of the plants after the vines are extracted are trimmed and pinched, and when the plants grow to the top of the support, growing points of main vines are removed;
(5) And (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once in the flowering period and the pod bearing period respectively, topdressing once in the flowering period and topdressing twice in the pod bearing period;
(6) Harvesting: after the kidney beans are ripe, harvesting the kidney beans at one time.
Preferably, the variety of green sword bean is green sword bean 5992-3, which is obtained by purchasing.
Preferably, the depth of the land preparation is 20-25 cm.
Preferably, the base fertilizer is a mixture of an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 8-10 to 0-2, and the application amount of the base fertilizer is 400-600 kg/mu.
Preferably, the width of the ridge is 0.4-0.5 m, and the height of the ridge is 15-20 cm.
Preferably, the irrigation quantity of the irrigation water in the step (5) is 60-80 m 3 Per mu.
Preferably, the topdressing in the step (5) selects topdressing compound fertilizer, and the topdressing amount is 15-25 kg/mu.
The planting method for harvesting the green sword beans at one time can realize the one-time harvesting of the green sword beans, solve the problem of economic loss caused by difficulty in hiring workers and improve the yield of the green sword beans.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The variety of the green sword beans picked at one time used in the embodiment is 5992-3 percent of green sword beans, and the green sword beans are sown in 4 months. And (3) preparing soil 2 days before sowing, deeply turning over soil by 25cm, applying 500kg of organic fertilizer to each mu of land, raking the land, making beds and ridges according to the width of each bed of 0.5m and the height of each ridge of 15cm, and watering pelma water. Precision seeding is adopted for seeding, the hole distance is controlled to be 40cm multiplied by 60cm, the hole depth is controlled to be 3cm, 3 or 4 seeds are sowed in each hole, and thin soil is covered. And (3) building a support before the vines of the plants are drawn, trimming the vines and pinching the vines of the plants after the vines are drawn, and removing growing points of the main vines when the plants grow to the top of the support so as to promote blooming and pod bearing. Irrigation and fertilization are not needed in the seedling stage, and the water is 65m per mu till the flowering period 3 Irrigating once and topdressing 15kg of compound fertilizer per mu; when the plant enters the pod bearing stageTopdressing and irrigating for the first time in the row and pod bearing period, and topdressing the compound fertilizer according to 20 kg/mu, wherein the irrigation amount is 60m 3 Per mu; and (4) when the plumpness of the green sword beans reaches 50%, performing secondary topdressing, and topdressing the compound fertilizer according to 25 kg/mu. And when the green sword bean fruits are full, picking is started, and the picking work is finished at one time.
Example 2
The variety of the green sword beans picked at one time used in the embodiment is 5992-3 percent of green sword beans, and the green sword beans are sown in 4 months. Preparing soil 1 day before sowing, deeply ploughing soil by 20cm, applying 400kg of base fertilizer (according to the proportion of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 9:1) to each mu of land, raking the land, making beds and ridges according to the width of the bed of 0.4m and the height of the ridges of 20cm, and watering the water on the soles of the lands. Precision seeding is adopted for seeding, the hole distance is controlled to be 40cm multiplied by 50cm, the hole depth is 4cm, 3 or 4 seeds are sowed in each hole, and thin soil is covered. And (3) building a support before the plants are pulled out from the vines, trimming the vines and pinching the plants after the vines are pulled out, and removing growing points of the main vines when the plants grow to the top of the support so as to promote blooming and pod bearing. Irrigation and fertilization are not needed in the seedling stage, and the water is 70m per mu when the flowering period is reached 3 Irrigating once and topdressing 20kg of compound fertilizer per mu; when the plants enter the podding period, carrying out first topdressing and watering in the podding period, topdressing the compound fertilizer according to the proportion of 20 kg/mu, wherein the watering amount is 60m 3 Per mu; and (4) when the plumpness of the green sword beans reaches 40%, performing secondary topdressing, and topdressing the compound fertilizer according to 20 kg/mu. And picking the green sword beans after the green sword beans are full, and finishing the picking work at one time.
Example 3
The variety of the green sword beans picked at one time used in the embodiment is 5992-3 of the green sword beans, and the green sword beans are sown in 4 months. Soil preparation is carried out 2 days before sowing, soil is turned deeply by 20cm, 600kg of base fertilizer (according to the proportion of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer 8:2) is applied to each mu of land, the land is raked, the land is made into a ridge according to the width of the ridge of 0.45m and the height of the ridge of 15cm, and water on the soles is poured. Precision seeding is adopted for seeding, the hole distance is controlled to be 45cm multiplied by 70cm, the hole depth is 3cm, 3 or 4 seeds are sowed in each hole, and thin soil is covered. And (3) building a support before the plants are pulled out from the vines, trimming the vines and pinching the plants after the vines are pulled out, and removing growing points of the main vines when the plants grow to the top of the support so as to promote blooming and pod bearing. Irrigation and fertilization are not needed in the seedling stage, and the water is 80m per mu till the flowering period 3 Irrigation for one timeAdditionally applying 25kg of compound fertilizer per mu; when the plants enter the podding period, carrying out first topdressing and watering in the podding period, topdressing the compound fertilizer according to the proportion of 20 kg/mu, wherein the watering amount is 60m 3 Per mu; and (4) when the plumpness of the green sword beans reaches 60%, performing secondary topdressing, and topdressing the compound fertilizer according to 15 kg/mu. And picking the green sword beans after the green sword beans are full, and finishing the picking work at one time.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 green sword beans 5992-3 were planted according to a conventional general planting method, which is different from example 1 of the present invention in that the depth of plowing of the prepared land is only 15cm, the hole pitch is controlled to 30cm x 45cm, and topdressing is performed only once at the early stage of the pod bearing period.
In the test process, the acre yield and pod bearing uniformity of the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 1 are counted and calculated, and the results are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 Green sword bean yield and pod setting uniformity
| Yield per mu of ripe beans | Yield per mu of immature green beans | Pod setting uniformity/% | |
| Example 1 | 1300 kg | 20kg of | 98.5％ |
| Example 2 | 1200 kg | 10 kg of | 99.2％ |
| Example 3 | 1200 kg | 15kg of | 98.8％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 750 kg | 100 kg of | 88.2％ |
Note: pod formation uniformity = [ amount of pod filled beans/(amount of pod filled beans + amount of immature beans) ] × 100% (immature beans have been picked by workers during picking).
As is clear from the statistical results of comparative example 1, the yield per mu of comparative example 1 is 850 kg, but 100 kg of these beans are immature beans, and most of these beans are caused by non-uniform pod setting, and the low pod setting results in a delay in growth of some beans and failure to reach maturity at the time of picking, thereby causing economic loss. The green sword bean planted by the invention has high pod bearing uniformity, and the yield of immature green beans is low by picking, and is only 10-20 kilograms per mu. Therefore, the planting method provided by the invention can realize one-time picking, solves the problem of difficult employment, reduces economic loss caused by difficult employment and improves the economic benefit of the kidney beans.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Seed selection: selecting a green sword bean variety, and sowing the green sword bean in 4 months;
(2) Land preparation: preparing soil in 1~2 days before sowing, applying base fertilizer, harrowing, making beds and ridges; the soil preparation depth is 20 to 25 cm;
(3) Precision seeding: the hole distance for sowing is 40 to 45cm, 50 to 70cm, the sowing depth is 3 to 4cm, and 3~4 grains are sown in each hole;
(4) Building a support: before the vines of the plants are extracted, a support is built, vines of the plants after the vines are extracted are trimmed and pinching is carried out on the plants, and when the plants grow to the top of the support, growing points of main vines are removed;
(5) And (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once in the flowering period and the pod bearing period respectively, topdressing once in the flowering period, and topdressing twice in the pod bearing period; selecting a top dressing compound fertilizer for top dressing, wherein the top dressing amount is 15-25 kg/mu;
the irrigation quantity in the flowering period and the pod bearing period is 60 to 80m 3 Per mu;
when water is irrigated in a pod bearing period, carrying out primary additional fertilizer, and carrying out secondary additional fertilizer when the plumpness of the green sword beans in the pod bearing period reaches 40-60%;
(6) Harvesting: harvesting the ripe beans at one time;
the base fertilizer is prepared by mixing an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer according to the mass ratio of 8-10 to 0-2, and the application amount of the base fertilizer is 400-600 kg/mu;
the width of the ridge is 0.4-0.5 m, and the height of the ridge is 15-20 cm.
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| CN112514755B true CN112514755B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104255286A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-07 | 陆惠珍 | Method for cultivating and planting seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis |
| CN104285623A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-01-21 | 维西茂林农牧产品有限公司 | Stereoscopic planting method for potatoes, white kidney beans and corn |
| CN107637459A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-30 | 南宁市浩发科技有限公司 | A kind of organic implantation methods of the high yield of green soy bean |
| CN107926579A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-20 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of pea non-ploughing growing method for white using gumbo stubble draws climing |
| CN108293793A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-07-20 | 海门市金黄农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
-
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- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011623952.0A patent/CN112514755B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285623A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2015-01-21 | 维西茂林农牧产品有限公司 | Stereoscopic planting method for potatoes, white kidney beans and corn |
| CN104255286A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-07 | 陆惠珍 | Method for cultivating and planting seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis |
| CN108293793A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-07-20 | 海门市金黄农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
| CN107637459A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-30 | 南宁市浩发科技有限公司 | A kind of organic implantation methods of the high yield of green soy bean |
| CN107926579A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-20 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of pea non-ploughing growing method for white using gumbo stubble draws climing |
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