CN112500243A - Special fertilizer for wheat and application thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for wheat and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112500243A CN112500243A CN202010740768.8A CN202010740768A CN112500243A CN 112500243 A CN112500243 A CN 112500243A CN 202010740768 A CN202010740768 A CN 202010740768A CN 112500243 A CN112500243 A CN 112500243A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 241000193417 Brevibacillus laterosporus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000209510 Liliopsida Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a special fertilizer for wheat. The special fertilizer for wheat comprises: the compound microbial inoculum comprises bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the effective viable count of the compound microbial inoculum in the special fertilizer for wheat is 2 multiplied by 107～9.6×108cfu/g. The special fertilizer for wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention can promote the growth of wheat root systems and increase the yield of wheat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a special fertilizer for wheat and application thereof.
Background
With the development of the fertilizer industry, the fertilizer becomes essential production data in agricultural production,
the fertilization of wheat generally has the problems of imbalance of soil nutrient proportion, reduction of soil organic matters, hardening of land, reduction of soil microbial diversity, surface source pollution and the like due to overlarge dosage and unreasonable proportion, and the problems cause wheat diseases, so that the development of the special fertilizer for wheat aiming at the problems caused by the fertilization of wheat is urgently needed.
In recent years, the nation has advocated fertilizer reduction and development of "sustainable agriculture". The reasonable nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is beneficial to the decrement application of the fertilizer, and recent researches show that the microbial fertilizer can promote the nutrient absorption of crops, increase the soil fertility, enhance the crop resistance, can also generate various physiological active substances, has certain prevention and treatment effects on soil diseases and the like, has the advantages of high fertilizer efficiency, no toxicity, low cost and the like, and has better effect on preventing and treating the diseases of wheat crops, very strong nutrient substance competitive capacity and oxygen competitive advantage and the effect of protecting the healthy growth of the crops. The bacillus laterosporus has better effects on the aspects of breeding of known pathogenic bacteria, promoting the growth of plant roots and improving the quality of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
In a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a special fertilizer for wheat. According to the embodiment of the invention, the special fertilizer for wheat comprises: the compound microbial inoculum comprises bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the effective viable count of the compound microbial inoculum in the special fertilizer for wheat is 2 multiplied by 107～9.6×108cfu/g. The special fertilizer for wheat provided by the embodiment of the invention can promote the growth of wheat root systems and increase the yield of wheat.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the special fertilizer for wheat can further comprise at least one of the following additional technical characteristics:
according to an embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer is an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer or an organic-inorganic fertilizer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus are provided in the form of bacterial powder.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus powder is 1 multiplied by 107～1.5×1010CFU/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is 1 multiplied by 107～3×1011CFU/g, the effective viable count of the lateral spore bacillus powder is 1 multiplied by 107～3×1010CFU/g。
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the bacillus mucilaginosus powder to the bacillus subtilis powder to the bacillus laterosporus powder is (1-1.2): (1-1.2) and (0.5-1).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass fraction of the compound microbial inoculum in the special fertilizer for wheat is 0.06% -2%.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the number ratio of the effective viable count of bacillus mucilaginosus, the effective viable count of bacillus subtilis and the effective viable count of bacillus laterosporus is 1: (5X 10)-4～3.6×103)：(2.7×10-4～3×103) Preferably, 1: (20-30): (0.5-5). The inventor finds that the viable bacteria amount of the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus is within the proportion range, the strain compounding effect is better, the growth promoting effect on wheat is more obvious, and meanwhile, the effective viable bacteria number can reach 2 multiplied by 10 after the bacillus mucilaginosus is coated on the surface of fertilizer particles7cfu/g, and the growth promoting effect is improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, based on the quality of the composite microbial inoculum, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 3.4 multiplied by 1010CFU/g～6×1010CFU/g。
According to the embodiment of the invention, the organic matter content of the special fertilizer for wheat is not less than 15%, the total nutrient content is not less than 40%, wherein the N content is not less than 17%, and the P content is not less than 17%2O5Content of not less than 17%, K2O is not less than 6%. The growth promoting effect of the special wheat fertilizer with the nutrient content on wheat is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus are obtained after fermentation treatment, and the fermentation treatment is performed in the following way: fermenting the seed liquid for 9-15 hours in advance; and continuing to perform fermentation treatment on the seed liquid, wherein the bacillus mucilaginosus is obtained after continuing to perform fermentation for 48 hours, the bacillus subtilis is obtained after continuing to perform fermentation for 32-36 hours, and the bacillus laterosporus is obtained after continuing to perform fermentation for 32-36 hours. The inventor finds that more than 90% of bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus are sporulated after the fermentation in the time, and the growth promoting effect of the composite microbial inoculum is more remarkable.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the preservation number of the bacillus mucilaginosus is CGMCC No.19585, the preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.19584, and the preservation number of the bacillus laterosporus is CGMCC No. 19583.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer comprises 20-35% by mass of urea, 5-10% by mass of ammonium bicarbonate, 30-40% by mass of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15% by mass of potassium chloride, 15-20% by mass of humic acid and 0.1-1% by mass of glutamic acid. The fertilizer with high concentration is combined with the compound microbial inoculum, so that the utilization rate of nutrients is improved, and the growth of wheat root systems is greatly promoted, thereby achieving the effect of increasing yield.
In a second aspect of the invention, a method of growing a monocot plant is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises applying the wheat specific fertilizer described above to the roots of monocotyledonous plants. According to the method for cultivating the monocotyledon, the root growth of wheat can be remarkably promoted, and the yield of the wheat is increased.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include at least one of the following additional technical features:
according to an embodiment of the invention, said monocotyledonous plant is wheat.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the application amount of the special wheat fertilizer is 45-60 kg/mu, preferably 50 kg/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the selected microbial strains have no antagonism, have a synergistic promotion effect and can coexist in soil.
2. The selected microbial strains have strong growth promoting capability and have obvious promoting effect on the root system and the yield of wheat.
3. The selected microbial strains have strong survival ability in soil and can be fast colonized to form a certain microbial community structure of beneficial crops.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following described embodiments are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer containing Complex microbial inoculum having growth promoting function of monocotyledons
The invention relates to a wheat special fertilizer of a composite microbial inoculum with the growth promoting function of monocotyledons, which comprises the following preparation processes:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, bacillus mucilaginosus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19585) is inoculated on the solid slant of a silicate bacteria culture medium, and bacillus subtilis (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19584) and bacillus laterosporus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19583) are respectively inoculated on the solid slant of an LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: respectively inoculating the activated bacillus mucilaginosus, the activated bacillus subtilis and the activated bacillus laterosporus in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 48 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus subtilis seed solution fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus laterosporus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: the Bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor, the Bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the lateral spore obtained in the step 3Respectively drying the bacillus fermentation liquor by a spray drying system, and respectively measuring the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus to be 0.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g、10×1010cfu/g、1×1010cfu/g. The blending proportion is calculated according to the weight of bacillus mucilaginosus powder: b, bacillus subtilis powder: the powder of Bacillus laterosporus is 1:1:1, and the effective viable count is 3.8 multiplied by 1010CFU/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 0.06 percent, so that the special wheat fertilizer added with the composite bacterial agent with the monocotyledon growth promoting function is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 0.2 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 2 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer containing Complex microbial inoculum having growth promoting function of monocotyledons
The fertilizer special for wheat of the compound microbial inoculum with the growth promoting function of the monocotyledon can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, bacillus mucilaginosus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19585) is inoculated on the solid slant of a silicate bacteria culture medium, and bacillus subtilis (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19584) and bacillus laterosporus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19583) are respectively inoculated on the solid slant of an LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: respectively inoculating the activated bacillus mucilaginosus, the activated bacillus subtilis and the activated bacillus laterosporus in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 48 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus subtilis seed solution fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus laterosporus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: respectively drying the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor, the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the bacillus laterosporus fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 through a spray drying system, and respectively measuring the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus to be 0.8 multiplied by 1010cfu/g、15×1010cfu/g、1.5×1010cfu/g. The blending proportion is calculated according to the weight of bacillus mucilaginosus powder: b, bacillus subtilis powder: the powder of Bacillus laterosporus is 1.2:1.2:1, and the effective viable count is 6 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 0.5%, so that the special wheat fertilizer added with the composite bacterial agent with the monocotyledon growth promoting function is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 3 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 3 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer containing Complex microbial inoculum having growth promoting function of monocotyledons
The fertilizer special for wheat of the compound microbial inoculum with the growth promoting function of the monocotyledon can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, bacillus mucilaginosus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19585) is inoculated on the solid slant of a silicate bacteria culture medium, and bacillus subtilis (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19584) and bacillus laterosporus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19583) are respectively inoculated on the solid slant of an LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: respectively inoculating the activated bacillus mucilaginosus, the activated bacillus subtilis and the activated bacillus laterosporus in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 48 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus subtilis seed solution fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus laterosporus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: respectively drying the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor, the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the bacillus laterosporus fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 by a spray drying system, and respectively measuring the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus to be 0.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g、10×1010cfu/g、1×1010cfu/g. The blending proportion is calculated according to the weight of bacillus mucilaginosus powder: b, bacillus subtilis powder: the effective viable count of the bacillus laterosporus powder is 3.4 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 1 percent, so that the special wheat fertilizer added with the composite microbial inoculum with the monocotyledon growth promoting function is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 4 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer containing Complex microbial inoculum having growth promoting function of monocotyledons
The fertilizer special for wheat of the compound microbial inoculum with the growth promoting function of the monocotyledon can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, bacillus mucilaginosus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19585) is inoculated on the solid slant of a silicate bacteria culture medium, and bacillus subtilis (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19584) and bacillus laterosporus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19583) are respectively inoculated on the solid slant of an LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: respectively inoculating the activated bacillus mucilaginosus, the activated bacillus subtilis and the activated bacillus laterosporus in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 48 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus subtilis seed solution fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours. And (3) adding the bacillus laterosporus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: respectively drying the bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor, the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the bacillus laterosporus fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 by a spray drying system, and respectively measuring the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus to be 0.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g、10×1010cfu/g、1×1010cfu/g. The blending proportion is calculated according to the weight of bacillus mucilaginosus powder: b, bacillus subtilis powder: the effective viable count of the bacillus laterosporus powder is 4.8 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, and adding the bacterial powderThe addition amount is 2 percent, the special wheat fertilizer added with the composite microbial inoculum with the monocotyledon growth promoting function is obtained, and the effective viable count is 9.6 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 5 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer with addition of Single microbial inoculum
The fertilizer special for wheat added with the single microbial inoculum, disclosed by the invention, can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, and bacillus mucilaginosus (the preservation number is CGMCC No.19585) is inoculated on the solid slant of the silicate bacteria culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: the activated Bacillus mucilaginosus of step 1 is put into a seed fermentation tank for a fermentation period of 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus mucilaginosus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 48 hours.
And 4, step 4: drying the Bacillus mucilaginosus fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 through a spray drying system, and measuring that the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus is 0.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 2 percent, and the special wheat fertilizer added with the single microbial inoculum is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 6 preparation of wheat-specific fertilizer with addition of Single microbial inoculum
The fertilizer special for wheat added with the single microbial inoculum, disclosed by the invention, can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, and the bacillus subtilis (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19584) is inoculated on the solid slant of the LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: inoculating the bacillus subtilis activated in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus subtilis seed solution fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: drying the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 by a spray drying system, and measuring that the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 10 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 2 percent, and the special wheat fertilizer added with the single microbial inoculum is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 7 preparation of wheat-specific Fertilizer with addition of Single microbial inoculum
The fertilizer special for wheat added with the single microbial inoculum, disclosed by the invention, can also be prepared by the following steps:
step 1: a solid slant culture medium is prepared by adopting a slant culture mode, and the bacillus laterosporus (with the preservation number of CGMCC No.19583) is inoculated on the solid slant of the LB culture medium.
Step 2: seed tank fermentation culture: respectively inoculating the activated bacillus laterosporus in the step 1 into a seed fermentation tank, and carrying out a fermentation period of 12 hours.
And step 3: expanding fermentation: and (3) adding the bacillus laterosporus seed liquid fermented in the step (2) into a fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation period is 36 hours.
And 4, step 4: drying the bacillus laterosporus fermentation liquor obtained in the step 3 by a spray drying system, and measuring that the effective viable count of the bacillus laterosporus is 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
And 5: the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch is prepared by adopting a conventional mode. The raw materials are weighed according to the following components: 25% of urea, 8% of ammonium bicarbonate, 35% of monoammonium phosphate, 10% of potassium chloride, 18% of humic acid, more than or equal to 4% of clay and 0.2% of glutamic acid. And obtaining the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batch by conventional granulation modes such as roller granulation, disc granulation and the like.
Step 6: adding the bacterial powder prepared in the step 4 into the organic and inorganic fertilizer master batches, wherein the adding amount of the bacterial powder is 2 percent, and the special wheat fertilizer added with the single microbial inoculum is obtained, and the effective viable count of the special wheat fertilizer is 2 multiplied by 108CFU/g, organic matter more than or equal to 15%, total nutrient more than or equal to 40%, wherein N is more than or equal to 17%, P2O5≥17％，K2O≥6％。
Example 8 potting Effect of wheat-specific Fertilizer with addition of Complex microbial inoculum for monocot growth promoting function
1. Test time: 10 months in 2018-5 months in 2019
2. Test site: light culture room in second district for research by Linyi agricultural research and development center of Linyi chemical fertilizer Limited company in Linyi City of Shandong province
3. The test plants: wheat (Jianghuai 212)
4. And (3) experimental design:
the test adopts a pot experiment, soil below a soil layer of 20 cm below the wheat field is taken as test soil, various impurities, bricks and the like are removed, a soil sample is dried and screened by a 2mm sieve, and 500g of the soil sample is reserved for detecting the initial data of the soil sample. Then, potting is carried out, 8kg of soil is filled in each pot, and the specification of the test pot is that the diameter of the pot opening is 28 cm, the diameter of the pot bottom is 24 cm, and the height is 40 cm.
The experiment was set up with 9 treatments, 3 replicates.
Treatment 1: 15-15-15 g of compound fertilizer (CK) per pot, and the using amount is 8 g;
and (3) treatment 2: the special fertilizer for organic and inorganic wheat is adopted, namely the special fertilizer for wheat with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 17-17-6 percent and the organic matter content of more than or equal to 15 percent is used, and the using amount is 8g per pot;
and (3) treatment: the special fertilizer for wheat prepared in the example 1 is adopted;
and (4) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 2 was used.
And (4) treatment 5: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 3 was used.
And (6) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 4 was used.
And (7) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 5 was used.
And (4) treatment 8: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 6 was used.
And (4) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 7 was used.
According to experimental design, each treated fertilizer is applied to potted soil as a base fertilizer, pots are marked, the soil and the fertilizer are mixed uniformly, watering is carried out, and 30 plants are planted in each pot.
5. And (3) potting management: all experimental treatments are the same except that the base fertilizer is applied differently, and the control of plant diseases and insect pests is carried out according to the growth condition of wheat, and management in aspects of watering and the like is well done.
6. Root growth condition and yield survey: collecting wheat samples in the mature period of the wheat, washing root soil with water, then carrying out root growth determination, and carrying out wheat yield determination.
Table 1: root growth condition investigation of wheat pot experiment
The result shows that the application of the special biological organic and inorganic fertilizer for wheat has obvious synergy on the growth of the root system of wheat, and compared with the conventional compound fertilizer 15-15-15, the special fertilizer for wheat (15-4017-17-6) improves the root length of wheat by 7.4 percent; the root length of the wheat can be improved by 9.3 to 10.7 percent by adding three single microbial inoculums into the special fertilizer for the wheat (15 to 4017 to 17 to 6) respectively; the wheat root length can be improved by 26.0-40.9% by adding the special fertilizer (15-4017-17-6) for wheat and the compound bacteria, and the growth promoting effect is improved along with the improvement of the number of effective viable bacteria in the fertilizer.
Table 2: wheat pot experiment yield survey
Results show that the application of the special biological organic and inorganic fertilizer for wheat has remarkable synergism on the wheat yield, and compared with the conventional compound fertilizer 15-15-15, the special fertilizer for wheat (15-4017-17-6) improves the wheat yield by 7.3%; the wheat yield can be improved by 10.3-10.8% by respectively adding single growth-promoting bacteria into the special fertilizer (15-4017-17-6) for wheat; the wheat special fertilizer (15-4017-17-6) and the compound microbial inoculum can improve the wheat yield by 16.3-24.1 percent, and the yield increasing effect is improved along with the improvement of the effective viable count in the fertilizer.
Example 9 field Effect of wheat-specific Fertilizer added with Complex microbial inoculum having growth promoting function of monocotyledons
1. Test time: 10 months in 2017-6 months in 2018
2. Test site: shandong province Linyi city Zhonghua chemical fertilizer Shandong Fertilizer Co Ltd test field
3. The test plants: wheat (Jianghuai 212)
4. And (3) experimental design:
treatment 1: 15-15-15(CK) of compound fertilizer;
and (3) treatment 2: the special fertilizer for organic and inorganic wheat is adopted, namely the special fertilizer for wheat with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 17-17-6 percent and the organic matter content of more than or equal to 15 percent;
and (3) treatment: the special fertilizer for wheat prepared in the example 1 is adopted;
and (4) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 2 was used.
And (4) treatment 5: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 3 was used.
And (6) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 4 was used.
And (7) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 5 was used.
And (4) treatment 8: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 6 was used.
And (4) treatment: the fertilizer special for wheat prepared in example 7 was used.
All test treatments are applied to soil in the form of base fertilizer, ploughing is uniform, marking is done, the test area is 2.1 mu, 5 treatments are designed for the test, 3 times of repetition are set, 15 cells are totally formed, and the area of each cell is 90m2The application amount of the fertilizer is 50 kg/mu.
5. Field management: all experimental treatments are the same except that the base fertilizer is applied differently, and simultaneously, 10 kg/mu of urea is additionally applied in the green turning period according to the growth needs of wheat. Meanwhile, measures for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests are taken.
6. And (3) measuring the yield and the root growth condition: randomly selecting 3 blocks of 1m in each cell during the mature period of wheat2And (5) measuring the yield of the large and small plots.
Table 3: wheat field test yield survey
Results show that the application of the special biological organic and inorganic fertilizer for wheat has remarkable synergism on wheat yield, and compared with the conventional compound fertilizer 15-15-15, the special organic and inorganic fertilizer for wheat (15-4017-17-6) improves the wheat yield by 6.4%; the organic and inorganic special fertilizer for wheat (15-4017-17-6) can improve the wheat yield by 8.1% -8.9% by adding a single microbial inoculum; the yield of wheat is increased by 11.5-23.1% by adding the compound microbial inoculum into the organic-inorganic special fertilizer for wheat (15-4017-17-6), and the yield increasing effect is improved along with the increase of the number of effective viable bacteria in the fertilizer.
And (4) conclusion:
under the condition of applying the special fertilizer for the biological organic and inorganic wheat and applying the conventional compound fertilizer and other application amounts, the growth condition and the yield of the root system of the wheat can be effectively improved by applying the special fertilizer for the biological organic and inorganic wheat, and the yield increasing effect is increased along with the increase of the using amount of the compound microbial inoculum. The application of the special fertilizer for the biological organic and inorganic wheat has obvious effects on the growth of the root system of the wheat and the increase of the yield, reduces the dosage of inorganic nutrients compared with the conventional compound fertilizer, reduces the application of chemical fertilizers to a certain extent, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizers and meets the requirement of national chemical fertilizer reduction.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A special fertilizer for wheat is characterized by comprising: the compound microbial inoculum comprises bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus laterosporus, and the effective viable count of the compound microbial inoculum in the special fertilizer for wheat is 2 multiplied by 107～9.6×108cfu/g。
2. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer is organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer or organic and inorganic fertilizer.
3. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus laterosporus are provided in the form of bacterial powder;
optionally, the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is 1 × 107～1.5×1010CFU/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis powder is 1 multiplied by 107～3×1011CFU/g, the effective viable count of the lateral spore bacillus powder is 1 multiplied by 107～3×1010CFU/g；
Optionally, the mass ratio of the bacillus mucilaginosus powder to the bacillus subtilis powder to the bacillus laterosporus powder is (1-1.2): (1-1.2) 0.5-1;
optionally, the mass fraction of the compound microbial inoculum in the special fertilizer for wheat is 0.06% -2%.
4. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number ratio of the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus, the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis and the effective viable count of Bacillus laterosporus is 1: (5X 10)-4～3.6×103)：(2.7×10-4～3×103) Preferably, 1: (20-30): (0.5-5);
preferably, based on the quality of the composite microbial inoculum, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 3.4 multiplied by 1010cfu/g～6×1010CFU/g。
5. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic matter content in the fertilizer special for wheat is not less than 15%, the total nutrient content is not less than 40%, wherein the N content is not less than 17%, and the P content is not less than 17%2O5Content of not less than 17%, K2O is not less than 6%.
6. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus are obtained after fermentation treatment, and the fermentation treatment is carried out by the following steps:
fermenting the seed liquid for 9-15 hours in advance;
the seed liquid is continuously fermented,
wherein the bacillus mucilaginosus is obtained after fermentation for 48 hours,
the bacillus subtilis is obtained after fermentation is carried out for 32-36 hours,
the bacillus laterosporus is obtained after fermentation is carried out for 32-36 hours.
7. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preservation number of Bacillus mucilaginosus is CGMCC No.19585, the preservation number of Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.19584, and the preservation number of Bacillus laterosporus is CGMCC No. 19583.
8. The fertilizer special for wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer comprises 20-35% by mass of urea, 5-10% by mass of ammonium bicarbonate, 30-40% by mass of monoammonium phosphate, 10-15% by mass of potassium chloride, 15-20% by mass of humic acid and 0.1-1% by mass of glutamic acid.
9. A method for growing a monocotyledonous plant, characterized in that the fertilizer for wheat of any one of claims 1 to 8 is applied to the roots of the monocotyledonous plant.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein said monocot is wheat;
optionally, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 45-60 kg/mu, preferably 50 kg/mu.
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