CN112470817B - Planting method of mushroom rice - Google Patents
Planting method of mushroom rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN112470817B CN112470817B CN201910858361.2A CN201910858361A CN112470817B CN 112470817 B CN112470817 B CN 112470817B CN 201910858361 A CN201910858361 A CN 201910858361A CN 112470817 B CN112470817 B CN 112470817B
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- sowing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method of mushroom rice, which comprises the following steps: 1) Site selection and arrangement: selecting a plot with loose and fertile soil, convenient irrigation and less long sunshine as a planting field; 2) Preparing a site: draining the soaked straws to remove redundant water, and paving the straws on a planting field to form a ridge; 3) Sowing and covering soil: sowing 3-5 days after the straw is paved, distributing strains according to a plum blossom shape during sowing, sowing every 8 cm or so, and immediately covering soil after sowing; 4) Spawn running management: after one week of sowing, sampling and checking the spawn running condition and the water content condition of the culture material; 5) Fruiting management and harvesting: taking humidity management for fruiting, and picking up the stem by holding the stem with thumb, forefinger and middle finger and rotating slightly; the method achieves the purpose of improving the yield and quality of the mushroom rice by managing different growth stages of the mushroom rice according to the growth rule of the mushroom rice and controlling the heat preservation and moisture preservation of the spawn running period and the fruiting period; it is widely suitable for the matched use of mushroom and rice planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method of mushroom rice.
Background
The mushroom rice system is a new mushroom seed which is successfully artificially cultivated in recent years by food and agriculture organizations of the United nations and recommended to developing countries, is one of ten large varieties in the international mushroom trading market, is large in size, bright in color, tender in meat quality, crisp in cover and handle, fragrant and delicious, and has the characteristics of being beautiful in color, fresh in taste, tender and smooth, crisp in taste, good in mouthfeel and the like, so that the planting of the mushroom rice has very large market potential, but the yield and the quality of the existing mushroom rice cannot meet the market development requirements easily.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a mushroom rice planting method, which manages the growth of different stages of mushroom rice according to the growth rule of the mushroom rice, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the yield and quality of the mushroom rice, and has the advantages of simple overall process, low cost, wide market prospect, and convenient popularization and use.
In order to achieve the purpose, the planting method of the mushroom rice comprises the following steps:
1) Site selection and sorting: selecting a land which is loose and fertile in soil, convenient to irrigate and not suitable for too long sunshine time as a mushroom and rice planting field, draining water in the planting field before the cultivation, and digging drainage ditches around the field;
2) Preparing a site: preparing 4000-6000 kg of fresh dry straws and 50 kg of lime in each mu of planting field, soaking the straws in water for 2-3 days before sowing, then draining excessive water from the soaked straws, and paving the straws on the planting field to form ridges;
3) Sowing and covering soil: sowing 3-5 days after the straw is paved, breaking strains into blocks with the square of 4-5 cm during sowing, sowing the blocks according to the plum blossom shape, sowing the blocks once every 8 cm or so, wherein 600-800 bags of strains are needed per mu of land, and immediately covering soil after sowing;
4) Spawn running management: after one week of sowing, sampling and checking the spawn running condition and the water content condition of the compost, specifically, drawing out a small Xu Daocao from a representative part in a furrow, holding one end of each of a left hand and a right hand, and screwing the two ends in a reverse direction, wherein if no water drop appears, the situation that the compost is partially dry is shown; if the water drops in a line and drops, the water drops are wet; if a little water drop is dropped, the dryness and the wetness are proper; if the culture material is dry, water can be sprayed to the surface of the furrow or horse race water can be poured into the furrow to increase the water content of the culture material; if the compost is wet, draining water in the ditch, moving the surface of the furrow to keep the moisture of the straw, evaporating the moisture of the compost as soon as possible, and if necessary, punching holes on the surface of the furrow to increase the evaporation amount;
5) Fruiting management and harvesting: the hyphae can be fully fed in the compost after being sowed within 40-50 days, and spread to the covering soil, when the hyphae are exposed out of the covering soil and the temperature is proper, the hyphae can be continuously grown, the stage is mainly humidity management, water can be sprayed on the surface of the ridge in arid weather, the water spraying is carried out for a plurality of times, and the surface of the ridge is protected to be wet by the straws; if the cultivation material is dry for a long time, water can be poured into the ditch to improve the relative humidity of the air in the field, but the water level in the ditch is not suitable for submerging the cultivation material; if the rainy days are continuous, the ditch is cleaned regularly, so that the drainage is kept smooth, and the water accumulation in the field is avoided; picking mushroom is carried out when the mushroom body is not opened, and picking mushroom can be carried out by holding the stem of the mushroom stem with thumb, forefinger and middle finger and rotating gently.
In order to realize the optimization of the process and the effect, the further measures are as follows: when the straws are paved in the step 2), the direction of the straws is perpendicular to the direction of the furrows, the amount of the straws is about two thirds of the total amount, the width of the furrows is 70-80 cm, the length is not limited, the furrows are preferably arranged in the east-west direction according to the field condition, and an operation walkway with the width of 50 cm is reserved between the furrows.
And 3) immediately paving the remaining one third of the rice straws on the strains after sowing, covering soil 15-20 days after sowing, digging loose surface soil of furrow furrows during covering soil, covering the covered soil on the furrow surfaces, wherein the covered soil is neither large pieces of soil nor too fine in particles, preferably 3-5 cm square coarse soil particles, and the thickness of the covering soil layer is 5-8 cm, and paving a layer of rice straws with the thickness of 2-3 cm on the furrow surfaces after covering soil for heat preservation and moisture preservation in a spawn running stage and sun protection of young buds in a fruiting stage.
And (3) after sowing, the temperature in the early stage of spawn running is lower than 10 ℃, and films are covered on the surfaces of the ridges for heat preservation to promote hyphae to grow as soon as possible.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has the advantages that different growth stages of the mushroom rice are managed according to the growth rule of the mushroom rice, the heat preservation and the moisture preservation in the spawn running period are controlled, the mushroom growth and harvesting are controlled and managed, the purpose of improving the yield and the quality of the mushroom rice is achieved, the overall process is simple, the cost is low, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are remarkable.
The invention is widely suitable for being matched with mushroom and rice planting.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: a planting method of mushroom rice comprises the following steps:
1) Site selection and sorting: selecting a land which is loose and fertile in soil, convenient to irrigate and not suitable for too long sunshine time as a mushroom and rice planting field, draining water in the planting field before the cultivation, and digging drainage ditches around the field;
2) Preparing a site: preparing 4000-6000 kg of fresh dry straws and 50 kg of lime in each mu of planting field, uniformly spreading the fresh dry straws on the surface of the planting field before laying the straws, soaking the straws in water for 2-3 days before sowing, then draining excessive moisture from the soaked straws, and laying the straws into furrows on the planting field; when the straws are paved, the direction of the straws is perpendicular to the direction of the furrows, the amount of the straws is about two thirds of the total amount, the width of the furrows is 70-80 cm, the length is not limited, the direction of the furrows is preferably east-west according to the field condition, and an operation walkway with the width of 50 cm is reserved between the furrows.
3) Sowing and covering soil: sowing 3-5 days after the straw is paved, breaking strains into blocks with the square of 4-5 cm during sowing, sowing the blocks according to the plum blossom shape, sowing the blocks once every 8 cm or so, wherein 600-800 bags of strains are needed per mu of land, and immediately covering soil after sowing; generally, the remaining one third of the rice straws are immediately paved on the strains after sowing, soil covering can be arranged 15-20 days after sowing, the surface soil of the furrow is dug loose and covered on the surface of the furrow during soil covering, the covered soil is neither large pieces of soil nor too fine in particles, 3-5 cm square coarse soil particles are preferably used, the thickness of the soil covering layer is 5-8 cm, and a layer of straw with the thickness of 2-3 cm is paved on the surface of the furrow after soil covering for heat preservation and moisture preservation in the spawn running stage and sun protection of young buds in the fruiting stage; when the temperature in the early spawn running stage after sowing is lower than 10 ℃, covering films on the surfaces of the ridges for heat preservation to promote hyphae to grow as soon as possible;
4) Spawn running management: after one week of sowing, sampling and checking the spawn running condition and the water content condition of the compost, specifically, drawing out a small Xu Daocao from a representative part in a furrow, holding one end of each of a left hand and a right hand, and screwing the two ends in a reverse direction, wherein if no water drop appears, the situation that the compost is partially dry is shown; if the water drops in a line and drops, the water drops are wet; if a little water drop is dropped, the dryness and the wetness are proper; if the culture material is dry, water can be sprayed to the surface of the furrow or horse race water can be poured into the furrow to increase the water content of the culture material; if the compost is wet, draining accumulated water in the ditch, moving the surface of the furrow to keep the straw wet, evaporating the moisture of the compost as soon as possible, and if necessary, punching holes on the surface of the furrow to increase the evaporation amount;
5) And (3) fruiting management and harvesting: the hypha can be fully covered with the nourishment within 40-50 days after sowing, and spread to the covering soil, when the hypha is exposed out of the covering soil and the temperature is proper, the mushroom can be grown continuously, the stage is mainly humidity management, water can be sprayed on the surface of the ridge in dry weather, the water can be sprayed for a few times, and the surface of the ridge is protected from being wetted by the straws; if the drought occurs for a long time, water can be poured into the ditch to improve the relative humidity of the air in the field, but the water level in the ditch is not suitable for flooding the culture material; if the rainy days are continuous, the ditch is cleaned regularly, so that the drainage is kept smooth, and the water accumulation in the field is avoided; when picking up mushroom, the mushroom body should be picked up when the mushroom is not opened, and the stem of the mushroom stem should be pinched by the thumb, index finger and middle finger and gently rotated to pick up the mushroom.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and the concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A planting method of mushroom rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Site selection and arrangement: selecting a field which is loose and fertile in soil, convenient to irrigate and not suitable for too long sunshine time as a rice mushroom planting field, draining water in the planting field before the cultivation, and digging drainage ditches at the periphery of the field;
2) Preparing a site: preparing 4000-6000 kg of fresh dry straws and 50 kg of lime in each mu of planting field, soaking the straws in water for 2-3 days before sowing, then draining excessive water from the soaked straws, and paving the straws on the planting field to form ridges; when the straws are paved, the direction of the straws is vertical to the trend of the furrows, the amount of the straws is about two thirds of the total amount, the width of the furrows is 70-80 cm, the length is not limited, the direction of the furrows is preferably east-west according to the field condition, and an operation walkway with the width of 50 cm is reserved between the furrows;
3) Sowing and covering soil: sowing 3-5 days after the straw is paved, breaking strains into blocks with the square of 4-5 cm during sowing, sowing the blocks according to the plum blossom shape, sowing the blocks once every 8 cm or so, wherein 600-800 bags of strains are needed per mu of land, and immediately covering soil after sowing; after sowing, immediately paving the remaining one third of the rice straws on the strains, covering soil 15-20 days after sowing, digging loose surface soil of the furrow and covering the surface soil on the furrow surface during covering soil, wherein the covered soil can not be large pieces of soil and does not need to be too fine in particles, 3-5 cm square coarse soil particles are preferably used, the thickness of the covering soil layer is 5-8 cm, and paving a layer of straw with the thickness of 2-3 cm on the furrow surface after covering soil for heat preservation and moisture preservation in a spawn running stage and sun protection of young buds in a fruiting stage; the temperature in the early stage of spawn running after sowing is lower than 10 ℃, and films are covered on the surface of the furrow to keep the temperature so as to promote hyphae to grow as soon as possible;
4) Spawn running management: after one week of sowing, sampling and checking the spawn running condition and the water content condition of the compost, specifically, drawing out a small Xu Daocao from a representative part in a furrow, holding one end of each of a left hand and a right hand, and screwing the two ends in a reverse direction, wherein if no water drop appears, the situation that the compost is partially dry is shown; if the water drops in a line and drops, the water drops are wet; if a little water drop is dropped, the dryness and the wetness are proper; if the compost is dry, water can be sprayed to the surface of the furrow or horse race water can be poured into the furrow to increase the water content of the compost; if the compost is wet, draining accumulated water in the ditch, moving the surface of the furrow to keep the straw wet, evaporating the moisture of the compost as soon as possible, and if necessary, punching holes on the surface of the furrow to increase the evaporation amount;
5) Fruiting management and harvesting: the hypha can be fully covered with the nourishment within 40-50 days after sowing, and spread to the covering soil, when the hypha is exposed out of the covering soil and the temperature is proper, the mushroom can be grown continuously, the stage is mainly humidity management, water can be sprayed on the surface of the ridge in dry weather, the water can be sprayed for a few times, and the surface of the ridge is protected from being wetted by the straws; if the drought occurs for a long time, water can be poured into the ditch to improve the relative humidity of the air in the field, but the water level in the ditch is not suitable for flooding the culture material; if the rainy days are continuous, the ditch is cleaned regularly, so that the drainage is kept smooth, and the water accumulation in the field is avoided; picking mushroom is carried out when the mushroom body is not opened, and picking mushroom can be carried out by holding the stem of the mushroom stem with thumb, forefinger and middle finger and rotating gently.
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| CN201910858361.2A CN112470817B (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Planting method of mushroom rice |
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| CN112470817B true CN112470817B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210790A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-07-24 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Cultivation method used for production of stropharia rugoso-annulata and with full-dry straw as cultivation materials |
| CN105265167A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2016-01-27 | 雷色香 | Method using straw as raw material to cultivate Stropharia rugosoannulata |
| CN107242027A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-13 | 重庆问天农业科技有限公司 | A kind of bamboo grove interplants Agricus blazei cultural method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106954460A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-18 | 开化县民盛食用菌有限公司 | Stropharia rugoso-annulata implantation methods |
| CN109744085A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-14 | 湘阴县香顺种养农民专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of muskmelon |
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- 2019-09-11 CN CN201910858361.2A patent/CN112470817B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210790A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-07-24 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Cultivation method used for production of stropharia rugoso-annulata and with full-dry straw as cultivation materials |
| CN105265167A (en) * | 2014-07-26 | 2016-01-27 | 雷色香 | Method using straw as raw material to cultivate Stropharia rugosoannulata |
| CN107242027A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-13 | 重庆问天农业科技有限公司 | A kind of bamboo grove interplants Agricus blazei cultural method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 福建省古田县城关供销社.草菇乱草畦式覆土栽培法.农业科技通讯.1975,(第06期),第13页. * |
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