CN112470813B - Method for promoting early-cultivation flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes - Google Patents
Method for promoting early-cultivation flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes Download PDFInfo
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- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 240000001008 Dimocarpus longan Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000000235 Euphoria longan Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005866 Lime sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940038879 chelated zinc Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004883 flower formation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005305 organ development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of summer black grape cultivation methods, in particular to a method for promoting early culture flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes. A method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes comprises the following steps: (1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle ten days of 1 month in the next year; (2) building an arched shed in the garden; (3) accelerating germination of the branches; (4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed; (5) spraying for the first time: spraying the longan to the leaf surface for 1 time in the 4-5 leaf period of the young sprout; (6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying Guishengyuan on the leaf surface for 1 time 6-7 days before blooming; (7) and (3) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, the drip tube is irrigated with the cinnamon and the prebiotics for 1 time. The method of the invention not only ensures the normal growth of the summer black grapes in the current year, but also ensures the flower amount of the summer black grapes in the next year, and can realize the continuous stable yield of the early-promoting cultivation of the summer black grapes. And simultaneously, the food safety problem related to the use of the plant growth regulator is effectively avoided.
Description
Field of the method
The invention relates to the field of summer black grape cultivation methods, in particular to a method for promoting early culture flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes.
Background method
In summer black grape cultivation, the flower bud differentiation is promoted mainly by pinching 4-6 leaves on the flower and spraying a plant growth regulator on the leaf surface. As the summer black grape has a vigorous tree vigor, the pinching of 4-6 leaves on flowers is easy to promote the growth of auxiliary buds, so that the growth points are increased, the nutrition of tree bodies is supplied to the growth points, the growth and development of inflorescences are influenced, and the repeated pinching treatment is needed, so that the workload is increased; in addition, the use of the plant growth regulator relates to the problem of food safety, and has high technical requirements on farm operators, so that the yield of the grapes can be reduced or even the grapes can be harvested absolutely due to careless operation. In the cultivation of summer black grapes, the above two methods do not have a significant effect on promoting flower bud differentiation in early cultivation of summer black grapes.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art methods already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for promoting the flower bud differentiation in summer black early-maturing cultivation, which aims to solve the problem that the flower bud differentiation effect is not obvious when 4-6 leaves on flowers are pinched and a plant growth regulator is sprayed in summer black grape early-maturing cultivation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following method scheme:
a method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes comprises the following steps:
(1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle ten days of 1 month in the next year;
(2) building an arch shed in clearing the garden: after trimming, cleaning the garden with 3-5 baume degrees of lime sulphur, erecting an arch shed in the summer black grape planting area, and laying a film with the thickness of 0.1mm on the arch shed;
(3) accelerating germination of branches: diluting 50% cyanamide water agent by using clear water by 10-15 times after the branches do not flow hurlessly, and accelerating germination of the branches;
(4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed;
(5) spraying for the first time: spraying clear water to dilute the 800-fold and 1000-fold longan on the leaf surface for 1 time in the 4-5 leaf period of the young sprout;
(6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying clear water to dilute 800-1000 times of the longan for 1 time on leaf surfaces 6-7 days before blooming;
(7) and (3) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, clear water is applied to the dripping pipe to dilute the longan 1000 times for 1 time.
Preferably, when the shoots are pruned in step (1), 2-3 shoots remain per shoot.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature and humidity in the arch are maintained: the temperature is 10-28 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%.
Preferably, the Guishengyuan in the steps (5) to (7) is produced by Germany domino, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the content of free amino acid is more than or equal to 15 percent, the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 25 percent, the content of dry matters is more than or equal to 32 percent, the content of fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of plant extract is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated zinc is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated manganese is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated boron is more than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of amino acid chelated molybdenum is more than or equal to 0.5 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the early cultivation of summer black grapes, the key period of flower bud differentiation of the grapes is 3-4 months, and the Guangxi is unstable in air temperature and often has a late spring cold. In low-temperature weather, the grape flower buds can be poorly differentiated, so that the grape flower organ development in the current year is influenced, and the flower bud differentiation condition in the next year is also influenced. The invention sets up the arched shed and lays the film on the arched shed, and maintains the temperature and humidity in the arched shed, thus providing an excellent environment for the flower bud differentiation of the grapes; meanwhile, the longan wine is matched with the longan wine used in a specific period, so that the cold resistance of the summer black grape is improved, and the flower bud differentiation of the summer black grape is promoted.
(2) The method of the invention not only ensures the normal growth of the summer black grapes in the current year, but also ensures the flower quantity in the next year, and can realize the continuous stable yield of the early-promoting cultivation of the summer black grapes; meanwhile, the food safety problem related to the use of the plant growth regulator is effectively avoided, and the problem that the pinching treatment on flowers needs repeated pinching is also avoided.
Detailed Description
The method embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below for clarity and completeness, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the cinnamomounted yuan, produced by the domino company of germany, comprises the following main components: the content of free amino acid is more than or equal to 15 percent, the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 25 percent, the content of dry matters is more than or equal to 32 percent, the content of fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of plant extract is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated zinc is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated manganese is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated boron is more than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of amino acid chelated molybdenum is more than or equal to 0.5 percent.
When the longan leaf is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, the front and back surfaces of plant leaves are completely sprayed with water; the dosage of the cinnamon element is 100 mL/mu when the dropper is used for irrigating the cinnamon element.
Example 1
A method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes comprises the following steps:
(1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle of 1 month in the next year, and reserving 3 buds on each branch;
(2) building an arch shed in clearing the garden: after trimming, cleaning the garden with 5 baume lime mixture, erecting an arch shed in the summer black grape planting area, and laying a film with the thickness of 0.1mm on the arch shed; maintaining the temperature in the arched shed at 28 ℃ and the humidity at 70%;
(3) accelerating germination of branches: diluting 50% cyanamide water agent by using clear water for 15 times to accelerate germination of the branches when the branches do not flow hurlessly;
(4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed;
(5) spraying for the first time: in the young sprout 5-leaf period, spraying clear water on the leaf surface to dilute 1000 times of longan for 1 time;
(6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying clear water to foliage of 1 time of diluting 1000 times of arillus longan 7d before blooming;
(7) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, clear water is applied to the dripping pipe to dilute 1000 times of the longan for 1 time.
Example 2
A method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes comprises the following steps:
(1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle ten days of the next 1 month, and leaving 2-3 buds on each branch;
(2) building an arch shed in clearing the garden: after trimming, cleaning the garden with 3 baume lime mixture, erecting an arch shed in the summer black grape planting area, and laying a film with the thickness of 0.1mm on the arch shed; maintaining the temperature in the arched shed at 10 ℃ and the humidity at 50%;
(3) accelerating germination of branches: after the branches do not flow, diluting the 50% cyanamide water agent by 10 times with clear water, and accelerating germination of the branches;
(4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed;
(5) spraying for the first time: in the young sprout 4-leaf period, spraying clear water on the leaf surface to dilute 800 times of longan for 1 time;
(6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying clear water to foliage of the 1 st 6 days before blooming to dilute 800 times of arillus longan for 1 time;
(7) and (3) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, clear water is applied to the dripping pipe to dilute 1000 times of the longan for 1 time.
Example 3
A method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes comprises the following steps:
(1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle of 1 month in the next year, and reserving 3 buds on each branch;
(2) building an arch shed in clearing the garden: after pruning is finished, cleaning the garden with a lime sulphur mixture of 4 Baume degrees, building an arch shed in the summer black grape planting area, and paving a film with the thickness of 0.1mm on the arch shed; maintaining the temperature of 19 ℃ and the humidity of 60% in the arched shed;
(3) accelerating germination of branches: diluting the 50% cyanamide water agent by 13 times with clear water after the branches have no bleeding damage, and accelerating germination of the branches;
(4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed;
(5) spraying for the first time: in the young sprout 5-leaf period, spraying clear water to the leaf surface to dilute 900 times of arillus longan for 1 time;
(6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying 900 times diluted arillus longan with clear water on leaf surface for 1 time 7d before blooming;
(7) and (3) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, clear water is applied to the dripping pipe to dilute the longan 1000 times for 1 time.
Cultivation survey
The test was divided into a study group and a control group, wherein the study group was performed as in example 3; the control group is treated by pinching 4-6 leaves on flowers; the current-year flower formation amount and the next-year flower formation amount of each group were investigated, respectively, and the results of the investigation are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 fruit setting rate and fruit thinning time for each group
| Group of | Amount of flowers formed in the same year (%) | Flower formation amount in next year (%) |
| Research group | 79.65 | 93.32 |
| Control group | 77.49 | 65.87 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the difference between the annual flower formation amount of the study group and the annual flower formation amount of the control group is very small, and no obvious difference exists; however, the flower forming amount of the research group in the next year is obviously higher than that of the control group, which shows that the method not only ensures the normal growth of the summer black grapes in the current year, but also ensures the flower amount of the summer black grapes in the next year, and can realize the continuous-year stable yield of the early-accelerating cultivation of the summer black grapes.
In conclusion, the method disclosed by the invention not only ensures the normal growth of the summer black grapes in the current year, but also ensures the flower amount in the next year, and can realize the continuous stable yield of the early-promoting cultivation of the summer black grapes. Meanwhile, the food safety problem related to the use of the plant growth regulator is effectively avoided, and the trouble that pinching treatment on flowers needs repeated pinching is also avoided.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A method for promoting early-maturing flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) trimming: pruning summer black grape branches from the bottom of 12 months to the middle ten days of 1 month in the next year;
(2) building an arch shed in clearing the garden: after trimming, cleaning the garden with 3-5 baume degrees of lime sulphur, erecting an arch shed in the summer black grape planting area, and laying a film with the thickness of 0.1mm on the arch shed;
(3) accelerating germination of branches: diluting 50% cyanamide water agent by using clear water by 10-15 times after the branches do not flow hurlessly, and accelerating germination of the branches;
(4) after the clearing section, when the temperature is maintained to be above 15 ℃, removing the film on the arched shed;
(5) spraying for the first time: in the 4-5 leaf period of the young sprout, spraying clear water to dilute 800-1000 times of the longan for 1 time on the leaf surface;
(6) and (3) spraying for the second time: spraying clear water for diluting 800-fold and 1000-fold longan for 1 time on leaf surfaces 6-7 days before blooming;
(7) and (3) spraying for the third time: in the fruit expanding period, clear water is applied to a dropper to dilute 1000 times of the longan for 1 time;
wherein, the Guishengyuan in the steps (5) to (7) is produced by Germany domino, and the weight percentage of the components is as follows: the content of free amino acid is more than or equal to 15 percent, the content of organic matters is more than or equal to 25 percent, the content of dry matters is more than or equal to 32 percent, the content of fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of plant extract is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated zinc is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated manganese is more than or equal to 1 percent, the content of amino acid chelated boron is more than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the content of amino acid chelated molybdenum is more than or equal to 0.5 percent.
2. The method for promoting the differentiation of early-cultivating flower buds of summer black grapes according to claim 1, wherein 2-3 buds remain on each shoot when the shoots are pruned in step (1).
3. The method for promoting the early-cultivating flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity in the arch shed are maintained in the step (2): the temperature is 10-28 ℃, and the humidity is 50-70%.
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| CN202011425453.0A CN112470813B (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Method for promoting early-cultivation flower bud differentiation of summer black grapes |
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| CN102197777A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-09-28 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Dormancy control method for promoting early maturing of grapes under protected cultivation |
| CN104838944B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-06-23 | 新疆吐鲁番地区农业技术推广中心 | The film of heliogreenhouse grape four covers Forcing cultivation method |
| NZ720548A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-03-31 | Nz Tube Mills Ltd | A method of growing grapes |
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Effective date of registration: 20221212 Address after: 530000 House 68, Group 8, Yong'an Village, Shibu Sub district Office, Xixiangtang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the surrounding collective land Patentee after: GUANGXI WANJIA GRAPE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 174, Daxue East Road, XiXiangTang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
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