CN112470591A - Soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research - Google Patents
Soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research Download PDFInfo
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- CN112470591A CN112470591A CN202011394820.5A CN202011394820A CN112470591A CN 112470591 A CN112470591 A CN 112470591A CN 202011394820 A CN202011394820 A CN 202011394820A CN 112470591 A CN112470591 A CN 112470591A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research, in particular to the technical field of soil cultivation, which comprises the steps of preparing a soil mixed fertilizer, adding beneficial bacterial clusters and earthworms on the surface of soil after the mixed fertilizer is laid, finally paving a 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface of the soil, covering straws on the surface of the soil, placing for three days, watering and seeding, adding nutrient substances and organic substances in the soil after the soil is subjected to acid treatment by the cultivation method, promoting the absorption of plants on other nutrient elements, effectively improving the physical properties of the soil, enabling organic acid and humic acid generated in the decomposition and transformation process of soil organic substances to have certain dissolving capacity on soil mineral parts, promoting mineral weathering, facilitating the effectiveness of the plants in absorbing nutrients, and enabling the plants planted in the soil to absorb more nutrient substances, the possibility of plant death is reduced while the quality of the plants is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil cultivation, in particular to a soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research.
Background
The soil is a layer of loose substance on the earth surface, which is composed of various granular mineral substances, organic substances, water, air, microorganisms and the like, the content of organic matters is an important mark for measuring the soil fertility, the organic matters and the mineral substances are tightly combined together, the content of the organic matters in a plough layer of a common farmland only accounts for 0.5% -2.5% of the dry weight of the soil, the content of the organic matters below the plough layer is less, but the function of the organic matters is great, the soil with more organic matters is often called as 'oil soil', but most of the land is not called 'oil soil', when workers plant in the land, due to the limitation of the organic matters in the soil, the quality of the plants at the planting position is poor, and the plants are easy to die due to less organic matters in the soil in the planting process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research, and the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: when the workers plant in the soil, due to the limitation of organic matters in the soil, the quality of the plants at the planting positions is poor, and the plants are easy to die due to less organic matters in the soil in the planting process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research comprises the following steps:
s1, soil plowing: selecting a proper planting field, observing the weather forecast, ploughing the soil of the planting field by using a land ploughing machine when the forecast temperature reaches 30-37 ℃ and the subsequent temperature is not lower than 30 ℃, breaking large soil blocks after ploughing the land, filling gaps in gullies, and airing for 5-7 days.
S2, measuring the pH value of the planting field: the method comprises the steps of determining the positions of sampling points on a sampling plot at certain intervals, determining 5-6 positions, taking a soil sample of about 1 g, putting the soil sample into a test tube, adding 5 ml of distilled water, shaking for 30 seconds, standing, dipping an upper clear solution with a glass rod after soil particles sink, dropping the upper clear solution on a PH test paper, comparing the color presented by the PH test paper with a standard colorimetric card, and recording the PH value.
S3, soil disinfection: the method comprises the steps of mixing formalin clear water according to the proportion of 1/9, pouring the formalin clear water into soil uniformly after the formalin clear water is mixed, removing shelters on the surface of the soil after the formalin clear water is poured, deeply turning the soil, sterilizing the ground through ultraviolet rays in sunlight, watering the ground after the ground is sterilized through the ultraviolet rays, closing the greenhouse, greatly increasing the temperature in the greenhouse, and maintaining the greenhouse for 1-2 days to remove the greenhouse.
S4, soil acidity improvement: irrigating and washing the cultivated land for many times, scattering a soil acid modifying agent on the surface of the soil, watering and then re-ploughing, ploughing for 3-5 times, scattering the soil acid modifying agent and spraying a methyl bromide solution each time, and recently leveling the land, wherein the soil acid modifying agent is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water.
S5, soil fertilization: mixing and decomposing 70-80 parts of biogas residues, 25-26 parts of urea, 40-45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 34-37 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 56-59 parts of soybean meal, 32-35 parts of seaweed meal, 19-23 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of a soil conditioner, 10-14 parts of grass peat, 10-20 parts of egg shell powder, 10-20 parts of livestock manure, 5-10 parts of sludge of a water treatment plant and 10-20 parts of straws, and then spreading the aged mixed fertilizer on the surface of soil.
S6, soil ventilation fermentation treatment: adding beneficial bacteria and earthworms on the soil surface, finally paving a 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface, covering with straws, standing for three days, and watering and seeding.
As a further scheme of the invention: and in the step S1, the depth of the plough for turning the ground by using the land plough is 25-35 cm.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the sampling process in the step S2, it is required that the surface stones and animal and plant residues are removed at each sampling point, 20 g of soil in the range of 0-20 cm is taken, and the monitored PH value is 5.5-6.5, that is, the selection standard is reached.
As a further scheme of the invention: the ratio of the formalin mixed solution poured in the step S3 is 0.02m2and/L, maintaining the ultraviolet irradiation time for 3-5 days.
As a further scheme of the invention: watering ratio in the step S4Example is 0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.1m2/L。
As a further scheme of the invention: and in the step S5, the mixed soil fertilizer is put into a chemical curing agent for curing for two days, and after two days, the soil fertilizer is cured for 5-7 days by using a biological curing agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention prepares the soil mixed fertilizer, mixes the specified materials according to the weight, carries out the mixing and decomposing treatment, then puts the mixed soil fertilizer into the chemical curing agent to cure for two days, uses the biological curing agent to cure the soil fertilizer for 5-7 days after two days, then spreads the cured mixed fertilizer on the soil surface, and after the spreading is finished, adds the beneficial bacteria group and the earthworm on the soil surface, finally lays the 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface, covers the straw, and carries out the watering and seeding after three days, thus the cultivating method can add the nutrient substance and the organic matter in the soil after the acid treatment of the soil is finished, not only can promote the absorption of other nutrient elements by the plant, but also can effectively improve the physical property of the soil, and the organic matter of the soil can be decomposed and transformed, the generated organic acid and humic acid have certain dissolving capacity on soil mineral parts, can promote mineral weathering, is beneficial to the effectiveness of plants in absorbing nutrients, ensures that plants planted in the soil can absorb more nutrients, ensures the quality of the plants and reduces the possibility of plant death;
2. the invention prepares lime, plant ash and water into an acid modifier through 1/1/5, when workers use the acid modifier to spread on the soil surface, the soil is ploughed again after watering, the soil is ploughed for 3-5 times and the acid modifier is spread and the methyl bromide solution is sprayed each time, the soil is leveled recently, the acid modifier is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water, the watering proportion is 0.2m2The spraying proportion of the soil acidity improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/05, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acidity improver is 0.1m2The culture method can effectively neutralize the acidity in the soil, greatly reduces the possibility that the soil inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria due to the internal acidity, ensures the effectiveness of soil nutrients, ensures the growth of plants, and ensures that the plants are not easy to have the condition of malnutrition.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
this example is the same as examples 1 to 3 in the soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research, and the difference is that the cultivated land is irrigated and washed many times in S4, the soil acid modifier is used to be scattered on the soil surface, the cultivation is carried out again after watering, the cultivation is carried out 3 to 5 times, the soil acid modifier is scattered and the methyl bromide solution is sprayed each time, the land is recently leveled, the soil acid modifier is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash with water, and the watering proportion is 2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 1m2/L。
Example 2:
this example is the same as examples 1 to 3 in the soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research, and the difference is that the cultivated land is irrigated and washed many times in S4, the soil acid modifier is used to be scattered on the soil surface, the cultivation is carried out again after watering, the cultivation is carried out 3 to 5 times, the soil acid modifier is scattered and the methyl bromide solution is sprayed each time, the land is recently leveled, the soil acid modifier is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash with water, and the watering proportion is 0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.1m2/L。
Example 3:
this example is the same as examples 1 to 3, except that the cultivated land was irrigated and washed several times in S4, the soil acidity improver was applied to the soil surface, the soil was watered and then turned over again, the soil acidity improver was applied 3 to 5 times and was sprayed with the methyl bromide solution each time, the land was recently leveled, the soil acidity improver was a mixed solution of lime and plant ash with water, and the watering ratio was 0.0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.01m2/L。
The following table is obtained according to example 1:
from the comparison in the table above, it can be seen that: when the worker waters the soil, the water quantity is 2m2L, and the spraying ratio of the acid modifying agent is 1m2During the L process, the soil can be subjected to water and soil loss due to more water injection, and the acid modifying agent is sprayed more, so that a large amount of soil microorganisms in the soil can be killed, the soil fertility is reduced, soil hardening is caused, the soil acidification rebounds quickly, and the watering amount of workers is 0.02m2/L, and the spraying ratio of the acid modifying agent is 0.01m2At the time of/L, the soil moisture is low due to the small amount of the acid modifier, and it is difficult for the acid modifier to neutralize the acidity in the soil.
A soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research comprises the following steps:
s1, soil plowing: selecting a proper planting field, observing the weather forecast, ploughing the soil of the planting field by using a land ploughing machine when the forecast temperature reaches 30-37 ℃ and the subsequent temperature is not lower than 30 ℃, breaking large soil blocks after ploughing the land, filling gaps in gullies, and airing for 5-7 days.
S2, measuring the pH value of the planting field: the method comprises the steps of determining the positions of sampling points on a sampling plot at certain intervals, determining 5-6 positions, taking a soil sample of about 1 g, putting the soil sample into a test tube, adding 5 ml of distilled water, shaking for 30 seconds, standing, dipping an upper clear solution with a glass rod after soil particles sink, dropping the upper clear solution on a PH test paper, comparing the color presented by the PH test paper with a standard colorimetric card, and recording the PH value.
S3, soil disinfection: the method comprises the steps of mixing formalin clear water according to the proportion of 1/9, pouring the formalin clear water into soil uniformly after the formalin clear water is mixed, removing shelters on the surface of the soil after the formalin clear water is poured, deeply turning the soil, sterilizing the ground through ultraviolet rays in sunlight, watering the ground after the ground is sterilized through the ultraviolet rays, closing the greenhouse, greatly increasing the temperature in the greenhouse, and maintaining the greenhouse for 1-2 days to remove the greenhouse.
S4, soil acidity improvement: irrigating and washing the cultivated land for many times, scattering a soil acid modifying agent on the surface of the soil, watering and then re-ploughing, ploughing for 3-5 times, scattering the soil acid modifying agent and spraying a methyl bromide solution each time, and recently leveling the land, wherein the soil acid modifying agent is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water.
S5, soil fertilization: mixing and decomposing 70-80 parts of biogas residues, 25-26 parts of urea, 40-45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 34-37 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 56-59 parts of soybean meal, 32-35 parts of seaweed meal, 19-23 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of a soil conditioner, 10-14 parts of grass peat, 10-20 parts of egg shell powder, 10-20 parts of livestock manure, 5-10 parts of sludge of a water treatment plant and 10-20 parts of straws, and then spreading the aged mixed fertilizer on the surface of soil.
S6, soil ventilation fermentation treatment: adding beneficial bacteria and earthworms on the soil surface, finally paving a 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface, covering with straws, standing for three days, and watering and seeding.
In step S1, the depth of the plough for turning the ground by using the land plough is 25-35 cm.
In the sampling process of step S2, it is necessary to remove stones and animal and plant residues on the surface of each sampling point, 20 g of soil is taken within the range of 0-20 cm, and the PH value monitored is 5.5-6.5, which meets the selection standard.
In step S3, the ratio of formalin mixture poured is 0.02m2and/L, maintaining the ultraviolet irradiation time for 3-5 days.
In step S4, the watering proportion is 0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.1m2/L。
And step S5, putting the mixed soil fertilizer into a chemical curing agent for curing for two days, and curing the soil fertilizer for 5-7 days by using a biological curing agent after two days.
The method comprises the steps of preparing a soil mixed fertilizer, mixing and decomposing specified materials according to the mixed components, then putting the mixed soil fertilizer into a chemical curing agent for curing for two days, curing the soil fertilizer for 5-7 days by using a biological curing agent after two days, spreading the cured mixed fertilizer on the soil surface, adding beneficial bacteria groups and earthworms on the soil surface after the spreading is finished, finally spreading a 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface, covering with straws, placing for three days, watering and sowing, adding nutrient substances and organic matters in the soil after the acid treatment of the soil is finished, promoting the absorption of plants on other nutrient elements, effectively improving the physical properties of the soil, and enabling organic acids and humic acids generated in the decomposition and conversion process of soil organic matters to have certain dissolving capacity on soil mineral parts, can promote mineral weathering, is beneficial to the effectiveness of certain nutrients, ensures that plants planted in soil can absorb more nutrient substances, ensures the quality of the plants and reduces the possibility of plant death.
The acid modifier is prepared by passing lime, plant ash and water through 1/1/5, and the soil acid is used by workersSpreading the soil acidic modifier on the surface of the soil, watering, ploughing again for 3-5 times, spreading the soil acidic modifier and spraying methyl bromide solution, and leveling the soil, wherein the soil acidic modifier is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash with water, and the watering ratio is 0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.1m2The culture method can effectively neutralize the acidity in the soil, greatly reduces the possibility that the soil inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria due to the internal acidity, ensures the effectiveness of soil nutrients, ensures the growth of plants, and ensures that the plants are not easy to have the condition of malnutrition.
The points to be finally explained are: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the general description and the specific embodiments, on the basis of the present invention, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A soil cultivation method for novel agricultural research is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, soil plowing: selecting a proper planting field, observing the weather forecast, ploughing the soil of the planting field by using a land ploughing machine when the forecast temperature reaches 30-37 ℃ and the subsequent temperature is not lower than 30 ℃, breaking large soil blocks after ploughing the land, filling gaps in gullies, and airing for 5-7 days.
S2, measuring the pH value of the planting field: the method comprises the steps of determining the positions of sampling points on a sampling plot at certain intervals, determining 5-6 positions, taking a soil sample of about 1 g, putting the soil sample into a test tube, adding 5 ml of distilled water, shaking for 30 seconds, standing, dipping an upper clear solution with a glass rod after soil particles sink, dropping the upper clear solution on a PH test paper, comparing the color presented by the PH test paper with a standard colorimetric card, and recording the PH value.
S3, soil disinfection: the method comprises the steps of mixing formalin clear water according to the proportion of 1/9, pouring the formalin clear water into soil uniformly after the formalin clear water is mixed, removing shelters on the surface of the soil after the formalin clear water is poured, deeply turning the soil, sterilizing the ground through ultraviolet rays in sunlight, watering the ground after the ground is sterilized through the ultraviolet rays, closing the greenhouse, greatly increasing the temperature in the greenhouse, and maintaining the greenhouse for 1-2 days to remove the greenhouse.
S4, soil acidity improvement: irrigating and washing the cultivated land for many times, scattering a soil acid modifying agent on the surface of the soil, watering and then re-ploughing, ploughing for 3-5 times, scattering the soil acid modifying agent and spraying a methyl bromide solution each time, and recently leveling the land, wherein the soil acid modifying agent is a mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water.
S5, soil fertilization: mixing and decomposing 70-80 parts of biogas residues, 25-26 parts of urea, 40-45 parts of calcium superphosphate, 34-37 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 56-59 parts of soybean meal, 32-35 parts of seaweed meal, 19-23 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of a soil conditioner, 10-14 parts of grass peat, 10-20 parts of egg shell powder, 10-20 parts of livestock manure, 5-10 parts of sludge of a water treatment plant and 10-20 parts of straws, and then spreading the aged mixed fertilizer on the surface of soil.
S6, soil ventilation fermentation treatment: adding beneficial bacteria and earthworms on the soil surface, finally paving a 2-3 cm soil layer on the surface, covering with straws, standing for three days, and watering and seeding.
2. A soil cultivation method for new agricultural research according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S1, the depth of the plough for turning the ground by using the land plough is 25-35 cm.
3. A soil cultivation method for new agricultural research according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the sampling process in the step S2, it is required that the surface stones and animal and plant residues are removed at each sampling point, 20 g of soil in the range of 0-20 cm is taken, and the monitored PH value is 5.5-6.5, that is, the selection standard is reached.
4. A soil cultivation method for new agricultural research according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the formalin mixed solution poured in the step S3 is 0.02m2and/L, maintaining the ultraviolet irradiation time for 3-5 days.
5. A soil cultivation method for new agricultural research according to claim 1, characterized in that: the watering proportion in the step S4 is 0.2m2L, the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver to the sprayed bromomethyl is 1/0.5, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of lime and plant ash added with water is 1/1/5, and the spraying ratio of the soil acid improver is 0.1m2/L。
6. A soil cultivation method for new agricultural research according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S5, the mixed soil fertilizer is put into a chemical curing agent for curing for two days, and after two days, the soil fertilizer is cured for 5-7 days by using a biological curing agent.
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| CN101367688A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国农业大学 | Controlled release water holding raise seedling culture medium for cucumber and method of preparing the same |
| CN101684049A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-31 | 新疆富沃药业有限公司 | Method for preparing biological fertilizer and the biological fertilizer by the method |
| CN103650698A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛农家院蔬菜专业合作社 | Disease and insect control method of pollution-free spinach |
| CN110771299A (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2020-02-11 | 寿光恒蔬无疆农业发展集团有限公司 | High-yield vegetable soil fertility-increasing cultivation method |
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2020
- 2020-12-03 CN CN202011394820.5A patent/CN112470591A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101684049A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-31 | 新疆富沃药业有限公司 | Method for preparing biological fertilizer and the biological fertilizer by the method |
| CN101367688A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国农业大学 | Controlled release water holding raise seedling culture medium for cucumber and method of preparing the same |
| CN103650698A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛农家院蔬菜专业合作社 | Disease and insect control method of pollution-free spinach |
| CN110771299A (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2020-02-11 | 寿光恒蔬无疆农业发展集团有限公司 | High-yield vegetable soil fertility-increasing cultivation method |
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