CN112410108A - 一种重负荷开式齿轮油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种重负荷开式齿轮油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112410108A
CN112410108A CN202011361166.8A CN202011361166A CN112410108A CN 112410108 A CN112410108 A CN 112410108A CN 202011361166 A CN202011361166 A CN 202011361166A CN 112410108 A CN112410108 A CN 112410108A
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oil
open gear
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孔晓伟
卢智聪
马程明
杨铃波
缪志东
叶相涛
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Nator Lubrication Jiangsu Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种重负荷开式齿轮油及其制备方法,所述重负荷开式齿轮油由如下组分按重量百分比制备而成:合成基础油50.0~70.0%、增粘剂20.0~40.0%、极压剂5.0~15.0%、抗磨剂3.0~8.0%、紧急修复润滑剂1.0~10%、抗氧剂1.0~5.0%和防锈剂0.1~8.0%;所述紧急修复润滑剂为石墨烯、二硫化钨、硫化锌、二硫化钼、硫化锑、石墨、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或者几种的混合物。本发明制备的重负荷开式齿轮油成本低,使用寿命长,制备方法便捷,易于生产。

Description

一种重负荷开式齿轮油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油添加剂技术领域,具体涉及一种重负荷开式齿轮油及其制备方法。
重负荷开式齿轮传动在水泥、冶金、电力及矿业等行业中应用广泛,如金属采矿、水泥、石灰石生产及糖厂的回转窑、球磨机及干燥机等。重负荷开式齿轮油用于在暴露条件下运转齿轮的润滑,其主要应用在低速重载荷的特大型旋转设备上;因为传动齿轮的齿面单位面积负荷高,齿面呈线接触,容易产生噪音和振动,因此不仅要求油品具有较高的承载能力,而且还要求能够降低摩擦副的摩擦系数。
传统的重负荷开式齿轮油是以沥青基为主,但该类型的齿轮油低温流动性差、低温容易裂开且不能较稳定地形成油膜,导致了其适用范围的局限性;而在此基础上产生的,以加入溶剂改善低温性能的另外一大类重负荷开式齿轮油,容易随着溶剂的挥发而堵塞喷嘴,造成设备维护上的麻烦。此外,为满足现代开式齿轮机械和润滑行业对环保的要求,开发一种替代传统型重负荷开式齿轮油、综合性能好的新型重负荷开式齿轮油成为必然趋势。
发明内容
为实现上述技术目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种重负荷开式齿轮油,由如下组分按重量百分比组成:
合成基础油 50.0~70.0%
增粘剂 20.0~40.0%
极压剂 5.0~15.0%
抗磨剂 3.0~8.0%
紧急修复润滑剂 1.0~10%
抗氧剂 1.0~5.0%
防锈剂 0.1~8.0%;
所述紧急修复润滑剂为石墨烯、二硫化钨、硫化锌、二硫化钼、硫化锑、石墨、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或者几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述合成基础油为硅油、合成烃油、烷基苯、油溶性聚醚及合成酯类油中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述增粘剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙烯丙烯共聚物、聚丁烯、聚异丁烯及聚苯乙烯-丁二烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述极压剂为氯化石蜡、硫化烯烃、硫化猪油、磷酸盐及烷基硫代磷酸盐中的一种及几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述抗磨剂为有机硼酸酯、有机硫磷类化合物及巯基噻二唑的烷基聚羧酸酯衍生物的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述抗氧剂为苯胺类、萘胺类、苯酚类、硫醚酚类抗氧剂中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述防锈剂为噻唑类、烷基磺酸盐、有机羧酸盐及烯基酸类防锈剂中的一种及几种的混合物。
一种重负荷开式齿轮油的制备方法,具体包括以下操作步骤:
1)将部分合成基础油添加到反应釜中,搅拌30min,升温至110~130 ℃;
2)一次性将全部增粘剂投到容器内,再将反应釜内加热到110~130 ℃的合成基础油倒入装有增粘剂的容器中,搅拌20~30min后,将搅拌后的合成基础油与增粘剂的混合物加入反应釜内;
3)再次将反应釜内的合成基础油与增粘剂的混合物倒入装有增粘剂的容器内,搅拌10~20min后,重新倒入反应釜中,如此重复三次,确保增粘剂全部倒入反应釜;
4)在110~130℃下,搅拌60~90min后,将剩余的合成基础油加入到反应釜中,持续搅拌60~120min后,再将反应釜内混合油降温至60~70℃;
5)在60~70℃下,向反应釜内加入配方量的极压剂、抗磨剂和紧急修复润滑剂,搅拌40~60min后,再将配方量的抗氧剂和防锈剂一次性添加到反应釜内,继续搅拌40~60min后,再循环搅拌3~4小时;
6)出料前进行脱气即得重负荷开式齿轮油。
进一步的,步骤1)中,所述合成基础油为配方量的40~50%。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明制备的重负荷开式齿轮油成本低,使用寿命长,制备方法便捷,易于生产;
2、本发明制备的重负荷开式齿轮油的低温流动性及高温抗氧化性好,可满足低温下的泵送或喷射的要求,能适应大范围的温度变化;
3、本发明制备的重负荷开式齿轮油不含沥青基,避免了环境污染及设备维护的麻烦;
4、本发明重负荷开式齿轮油中的增粘剂聚力及粘度性强,较好地提供了重负荷开式齿轮油的粘附能力,避免其在齿轮工作中被甩出;
5、本发明制备的重负荷开式齿轮油润滑性好,且通过抗剪切强的增粘剂的配合作用,保证了较强的油膜厚度;
6、本发明中重负荷开式齿轮油中的具有弹性和球笼结构的紧急修复润滑剂的加入,不仅有效地降低了摩擦系数,更是提高了高温情况下的油膜强度,具有良好的摩擦学性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种重负荷开式齿轮油,由如下原料按重量配比制备而成:
合成基础油(三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯:7.5%;偏苯酸酯:7.5%;PAO 100:46.0%);
增粘剂(PB2400:15.0%;PB1300:6.0%);
防锈剂(噻唑类衍生物防锈剂:0.1%;烷基苯磺酸盐:2.9%);抗氧剂(辛基苯胺抗氧剂:2.0%);
极压剂(硫化烯烃:6.0%);
抗磨剂(二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锑抗磨剂:4.0%);
紧急修复润滑剂(石墨烯1.5%,二硫化钨1.5%)。
根据上述原料对应具体的制备方法如下:
(1) 加入部分合成基础油即三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯、偏苯酸酯和20%的 PAO100于反应釜内,搅拌约30min,升温至110~130℃;
(2)一次性将全部PB2400和PB1300倒入容器内,再将反应釜内加热到110~130℃的合成基础油倒入装有PB2400和PB1300混合物的容器中,搅拌约20min~30min后,将搅拌的混合油加入反应釜内;
(3)再将反应釜内的混合热油倒入有增粘剂的容器内,搅拌10min后,重新倒入反应釜内,如此重复三次,确保PB2400和PB1300全部加入反应釜内;
(4)在110~130℃下搅拌60min后,将剩余的PAO100倒入反应釜内,持续搅拌,再将反应釜内混合油降温至60~70oC;
(5)恒温60~70℃,向反应釜内加入硫化烯烃、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锑、石墨烯和二硫化钨,搅拌40min后,再将噻唑类衍生物、烷基苯磺酸盐和辛基苯胺添加到反应釜内,继续搅拌40min后,循环搅拌3~4小时;
(6)出料前进行脱气即得成品重负荷开式齿轮油。
对该成品进行性能测试,其检测结果如表1。
表1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
实施例2
一种重负荷开式齿轮油,由如下原料按重量配比制备而成:
合成基础油(季戊四醇酯:8.0%;聚酯:20.0%;PAO 40:30.0%);
增粘剂(PB2400:5.0%;PB1300:5.0%;聚甲基苯烯酸甲酯:12.0%);
防锈剂(噻唑类衍生物防锈剂:0.1%;油磺酸钙:4.0%;烯基丁二酸防锈剂:3.0%);
抗氧剂(萘胺类抗氧剂:1.6%;酚型抗氧剂:2.0%);
极压剂(硫化烯烃:3.0%);
抗磨剂(烷基硫代磷酸盐抗磨剂:2.3%);
紧急修复润滑剂(硫化锌1.0%,二硫化钨3.0%)。
本实施例的制备方法与实施例1一致。
对该成品进行性能测试,其检测结果如表2。
表2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征。对本领域的专业技术人员来说,修改本发明的实例是很容易的。本发明行业的技术人员应该了解本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本发明所公开的原理和创新点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,由如下组分按重量百分比组成:
合成基础油 50.0~70.0%
增粘剂 20.0~40.0%
极压剂 5.0~15.0%
抗磨剂 3.0~8.0%
紧急修复润滑剂 1.0~10%
抗氧剂 1.0~5.0%
防锈剂 0.1~8.0%;
所述紧急修复润滑剂为石墨烯、二硫化钨、硫化锌、二硫化钼、硫化锑、石墨、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或者几种的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述合成基础油为硅油、合成烃油、烷基苯、油溶性聚醚及合成酯类油中的一种或几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述增粘剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙烯丙烯共聚物、聚丁烯、聚异丁烯及聚苯乙烯-丁二烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述极压剂为氯化石蜡、硫化烯烃、硫化猪油、磷酸盐及烷基硫代磷酸盐中的一种及几种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述抗磨剂为有机硼酸酯、有机硫磷类化合物及巯基噻二唑的烷基聚羧酸酯衍生物的一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为苯胺类、萘胺类、苯酚类、硫醚酚类抗氧剂中的一种或几种的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油,其特征在于,所述防锈剂为噻唑类、烷基磺酸盐、有机羧酸盐及烯基酸类防锈剂中的一种及几种的混合物。
8.一种重负荷开式齿轮油的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下操作步骤:
1)将部分合成基础油添加到反应釜中,搅拌30min,升温至110~130℃;
2)一次性将全部增粘剂投到容器内,再将反应釜内加热到110~130℃的合成基础油倒入装有增粘剂的容器中,搅拌20~30min后,将搅拌后的合成基础油与增粘剂的混合物加入反应釜内;
3)再次将反应釜内的合成基础油与增粘剂的混合物倒入装有增粘剂的容器内,搅拌10~20min后,重新倒入反应釜中,如此重复三次,确保增粘剂全部倒入反应釜;
4)在110~130℃下,搅拌60~90min后,将剩余的合成基础油加入到反应釜中,持续搅拌60~120min后,再将反应釜内混合油降温至60~70℃;
5)在60~70℃下,向反应釜内加入配方量的极压剂、抗磨剂和紧急修复润滑剂,搅拌40~60min后,再将配方量的抗氧剂和防锈剂一次性添加到反应釜内,继续搅拌40~60min后,再循环搅拌3~4小时;
6)出料前进行脱气即得重负荷开式齿轮油。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种重负荷开式齿轮油的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中,所述合成基础油为配方量的40~50%。
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