CN1123979C - 使用两个可变长度编码表的可变长度编码器 - Google Patents
使用两个可变长度编码表的可变长度编码器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1123979C CN1123979C CN95101262A CN95101262A CN1123979C CN 1123979 C CN1123979 C CN 1123979C CN 95101262 A CN95101262 A CN 95101262A CN 95101262 A CN95101262 A CN 95101262A CN 1123979 C CN1123979 C CN 1123979C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vlc
- variable length
- code
- source digital
- vlc table
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013144 data compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940028444 muse Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N prostaglandin E1 Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
- H04N19/152—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
- H04N19/159—Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/13—Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
水果 | 标本 | ||
QP<16 | 第一VLC表 | 8,069,349 | 9,905,614 |
第二VLC表 | 2,158,448 | 2,585,994 | |
Q≥16 | 第一VLC表 | 881,723 | 1,192,607 |
第二VLC表 | 852,020 | 1,023,155 |
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR748/94 | 1994-01-18 | ||
KR1019940000748A KR970009408B1 (ko) | 1994-01-18 | 1994-01-18 | 인터/인트라 테이블 선택 회로 |
KR748/1994 | 1994-01-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1121661A CN1121661A (zh) | 1996-05-01 |
CN1123979C true CN1123979C (zh) | 2003-10-08 |
Family
ID=19375761
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN95101262A Expired - Lifetime CN1123979C (zh) | 1994-01-18 | 1995-01-16 | 使用两个可变长度编码表的可变长度编码器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5650782A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0663773B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3337583B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR970009408B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1123979C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69423603D1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (52)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100211917B1 (ko) * | 1995-10-26 | 1999-08-02 | 김영환 | 물체 모양정보 부호화 방법 |
US5715004A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-02-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Transformation coding apparatus |
CN1921375A (zh) * | 1996-03-18 | 2007-02-28 | 株式会社东芝 | 译码装置和译码方法 |
DE69720559T2 (de) * | 1996-11-06 | 2004-02-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | Methode zur Bildkodierung mit Kodes variabler Länge |
US7116829B1 (en) | 1996-11-06 | 2006-10-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Image coding and decoding methods, image coding and decoding apparatuses, and recording media for image coding and decoding programs |
US5995148A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1999-11-30 | At&T Corp | Video coder having scalar dependent variable length coder |
US6330672B1 (en) | 1997-12-03 | 2001-12-11 | At&T Corp. | Method and apparatus for watermarking digital bitstreams |
WO2001015458A2 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-03-01 | Hamid Gharavi | Dual priority video transmission for mobile applications |
JP3600487B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-31 | 2004-12-15 | 株式会社東芝 | 可変長復号器及びこれを用いた動画像復号装置 |
IL133896A0 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-04-30 | Telescicom Ltd | Method and system for encoding data for transmission channels |
KR100856398B1 (ko) | 2000-05-17 | 2008-09-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복수 매핑 테이블을 이용한 가변장 부호화 및 복호화방법과 그 장치 |
PT2268034T (pt) | 2001-11-22 | 2016-11-18 | Godo Kaisha Ip Bridge 1 | Método de codificação de comprimento variável e método de descodificação de comprimento variável |
US6690307B2 (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2004-02-10 | Nokia Corporation | Adaptive variable length coding of digital video |
BRPI0303661B1 (pt) | 2002-03-27 | 2016-09-27 | Matsushita Electric Indusrial Co Ltd | método e dispositivo de codificação de comprimento variável e meio de armazenamento |
KR100486524B1 (ko) * | 2002-07-04 | 2005-05-03 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 비디오 코덱의 지연시간 단축 장치 |
ES2297083T3 (es) | 2002-09-04 | 2008-05-01 | Microsoft Corporation | Codificacion entropica por adaptacion de la codificacion entre modos por longitud de ejecucion y por nivel. |
US7212681B1 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2007-05-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Extension of two-dimensional variable length coding for image compression |
US7194137B2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2007-03-20 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Variable length coding method and apparatus for video compression |
US7492956B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2009-02-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Video coding using multi-dimensional amplitude coding and 2-D non-zero/zero cluster position coding |
US7454076B2 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2008-11-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Hybrid variable length coding method for low bit rate video coding |
US7471841B2 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2008-12-30 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Adaptive breakpoint for hybrid variable length coding |
US7454073B2 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2008-11-18 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Video compression using multiple variable length coding processes for multiple classes of transform coefficient blocks |
US7499595B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2009-03-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Joint amplitude and position coding for photographic image and video coding |
US7471840B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2008-12-30 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Two-dimensional variable length coding of runs of zero and non-zero transform coefficients for image compression |
US7499596B2 (en) | 2004-08-18 | 2009-03-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Amplitude coding for clustered transform coefficients |
US7680349B2 (en) | 2004-08-18 | 2010-03-16 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Variable length coding for clustered transform coefficients in video compression |
US7620258B2 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2009-11-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Extended amplitude coding for clustered transform coefficients |
US7599840B2 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2009-10-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Selectively using multiple entropy models in adaptive coding and decoding |
US7693709B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2010-04-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Reordering coefficients for waveform coding or decoding |
ES2478004T3 (es) * | 2005-10-05 | 2014-07-18 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Método y aparato para decodificar una señal de audio |
US7242328B1 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-07-10 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Variable length coding for sparse coefficients |
US8325819B2 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2012-12-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Variable length coding table selection based on video block type for refinement coefficient coding |
US9319700B2 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2016-04-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Refinement coefficient coding based on history of corresponding transform coefficient values |
US8599926B2 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2013-12-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Combined run-length coding of refinement and significant coefficients in scalable video coding enhancement layers |
US8565314B2 (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2013-10-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Variable length coding table selection based on block type statistics for refinement coefficient coding |
US7970215B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2011-06-28 | Intel Corporation | Automatic generation of compact code tables |
US8179974B2 (en) | 2008-05-02 | 2012-05-15 | Microsoft Corporation | Multi-level representation of reordered transform coefficients |
US8406307B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2013-03-26 | Microsoft Corporation | Entropy coding/decoding of hierarchically organized data |
US8363725B2 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2013-01-29 | Sony Corporation | Method and apparatus for VLC encoding in a video encoding system |
JP5492206B2 (ja) | 2009-07-27 | 2014-05-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 画像符号化方法および画像復号方法、ならびに、画像符号化装置および画像復号装置 |
US9106933B1 (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2015-08-11 | Google Inc. | Apparatus and method for encoding video using different second-stage transform |
US9025661B2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2015-05-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Indicating intra-prediction mode selection for video coding |
KR20130054408A (ko) | 2010-10-05 | 2013-05-24 | 제너럴 인스트루먼트 코포레이션 | 지그재그 스캔에 의한 적응적 컨텍스트 모델 선택을 이용하는 코딩 및 디코딩 |
US8913662B2 (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2014-12-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Indicating intra-prediction mode selection for video coding using CABAC |
US8938001B1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2015-01-20 | Google Inc. | Apparatus and method for coding using combinations |
US8891616B1 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2014-11-18 | Google Inc. | Method and apparatus for entropy encoding based on encoding cost |
US9247257B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2016-01-26 | Google Inc. | Segmentation based entropy encoding and decoding |
US11039138B1 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2021-06-15 | Google Llc | Adaptive coding of prediction modes using probability distributions |
US9774856B1 (en) | 2012-07-02 | 2017-09-26 | Google Inc. | Adaptive stochastic entropy coding |
US9509998B1 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2016-11-29 | Google Inc. | Conditional predictive multi-symbol run-length coding |
US9392288B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2016-07-12 | Google Inc. | Video coding using scatter-based scan tables |
US9179151B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2015-11-03 | Google Inc. | Spatial proximity context entropy coding |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5411614A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-01-27 | Nec Corp | Code conversion unit for digital signal |
US5122876A (en) * | 1988-12-26 | 1992-06-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image signal restoring apparatus |
JPH02237368A (ja) * | 1989-03-10 | 1990-09-19 | Sharp Corp | 画像通信端末装置 |
EP0398328A3 (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1993-01-13 | Nec Corporation | Codec system encoding an decoding an image signal at a high speed |
US5128758A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1992-07-07 | North American Philips Corporation | Method and apparatus for digitally processing a high definition television augmentation signal |
DE69111633T2 (de) * | 1990-01-30 | 1996-04-04 | Philips Electronics Nv | Vorrichtungen zur variablen Längen-Kodierung und Dekodierung von digitalen Daten. |
DE69130275T2 (de) * | 1990-07-31 | 1999-04-08 | Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo | Verfahren und Gerät zur Bildverarbeitung |
JPH04170187A (ja) * | 1990-11-01 | 1992-06-17 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 動画像符号化方式 |
US5392037A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1995-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding |
JPH05207286A (ja) * | 1991-05-28 | 1993-08-13 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 画像符号化方式 |
JPH04357788A (ja) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-12-10 | Toshiba Corp | 動画像符号化装置及び動画像再生装置 |
US5321398A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1994-06-14 | Sony Corporation | Variable length coder and data packing circuit |
US5227878A (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-07-13 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Adaptive coding and decoding of frames and fields of video |
JPH05316359A (ja) * | 1992-05-14 | 1993-11-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | 画像データ符号化装置 |
KR950010913B1 (ko) * | 1992-07-23 | 1995-09-25 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 가변장부호화 및 복호화시스템 |
US5982437A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1999-11-09 | Sony Corporation | Coding method and system, and decoding method and system |
US5400075A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1995-03-21 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Adaptive variable length encoder/decoder |
-
1994
- 1994-01-18 KR KR1019940000748A patent/KR970009408B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-12-28 JP JP33880694A patent/JP3337583B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-30 DE DE69423603T patent/DE69423603D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-30 US US08/367,528 patent/US5650782A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-30 EP EP19940120942 patent/EP0663773B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-01-16 CN CN95101262A patent/CN1123979C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69423603D1 (de) | 2000-04-27 |
US5650782A (en) | 1997-07-22 |
CN1121661A (zh) | 1996-05-01 |
EP0663773A2 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
JPH0846521A (ja) | 1996-02-16 |
KR970009408B1 (ko) | 1997-06-13 |
EP0663773B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
JP3337583B2 (ja) | 2002-10-21 |
KR950024106A (ko) | 1995-08-21 |
EP0663773A3 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1123979C (zh) | 使用两个可变长度编码表的可变长度编码器 | |
CN1110962C (zh) | 用于视频信号编码系统的自适应量化器 | |
CN100355288C (zh) | 图象数据的自适应可变长度编码方法 | |
US5301242A (en) | Apparatus and method for motion video encoding employing an adaptive quantizer | |
JP3590421B2 (ja) | イントラ−ブロックdc変換係数量子化方法 | |
CN1124046C (zh) | 采用自适应扫描技术编码数字视频信号的装置 | |
US5640420A (en) | Variable length coder using two VLC tables | |
CN1048135C (zh) | 数字变换压缩的视频数据的低分辨率解压缩设备 | |
CN1078428C (zh) | 图象编码方法及装置 | |
CN100581252C (zh) | 改进熵编码的方法 | |
US5754235A (en) | Bit-rate conversion circuit for a compressed motion video bitstream | |
US9077960B2 (en) | Non-zero coefficient block pattern coding | |
CN1124045C (zh) | 用在视频信号编码系统中的行程长度编码方法和装置 | |
US5432555A (en) | Image signal encoding apparatus using adaptive 1D/2D DCT compression technique | |
US5742342A (en) | Apparatus for encoding an image signal using vector quantization technique | |
CN1124041C (zh) | 对解码视频图象的量化误差进行补偿的方法及装置 | |
JP2516082B2 (ja) | デ―タ圧縮装置 | |
GB2308768A (en) | Video encoding based on inter block redundancy | |
US5724096A (en) | Video signal encoding method and apparatus employing inter-block redundancies | |
KR20020026189A (ko) | 고정된 비율 압축을 이용하는 효율적인 비디오 데이터엑세스 | |
JPH0487460A (ja) | 画像処理装置 | |
US6845179B1 (en) | Motion predicted image signal compression | |
GB2308772A (en) | Video encoding based on inter block correlation | |
KR100208983B1 (ko) | 적응 양자화를 이용한 부호화기 | |
KR0174443B1 (ko) | 적응적인 벡터 양자화를 이용한 정지영상 부호화 방법 및 장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20030520 Address after: Seoul Applicant after: Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. Address before: Seoul Applicant before: Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. |
|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: FENGYE VISION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DAEWOO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Effective date: 20130419 |
|
C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20130419 Address after: Ontario Patentee after: Fengye Vision Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: Seoul, South Kerean Patentee before: Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. |
|
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20150116 Granted publication date: 20031008 |