CN112389188A - 包含两个电机和一个内燃机的混合动力总成系统 - Google Patents

包含两个电机和一个内燃机的混合动力总成系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112389188A
CN112389188A CN202011077951.0A CN202011077951A CN112389188A CN 112389188 A CN112389188 A CN 112389188A CN 202011077951 A CN202011077951 A CN 202011077951A CN 112389188 A CN112389188 A CN 112389188A
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China
Prior art keywords
electric machine
combustion engine
internal combustion
drive
drive train
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Pending
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CN202011077951.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
斯特芬·莱曼
安德烈亚斯·特兰肯舒
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Volkswagen AG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Publication of CN112389188A publication Critical patent/CN112389188A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

一种适用于混合动力机动车的、带有变速器输入轴(2)的动力总成系统(1)，所述变速器输入轴为传递扭矩通过第一分动力总成系统(3)与第一电机(4)和内燃机(5)有效关联并且为传递扭矩通过第二分动力总成系统(6)与第二电机(7)有效关联。所述第二电机(7)以可传递扭矩的方式与所述变速器输入轴(2)持久相连并且所述第一电机(4)和所述内燃机(5)可以为传递扭矩以可耦合的方式与所述变速器输入轴(2)相连。所述第一电机(4)和所述第二电机(7)彼此同轴布置，并且所述第一电机(4)的输出轴(13)布置在所述第二电机(7)输出轴(20)的径向内部。根据本发明，所述第一电机(4)的输出轴(13)通过轴承(36)支承在所述第二电机(7)的输出轴(20)上。

Description

包含两个电机和一个内燃机的混合动力总成系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于混合动力机动车的、带有变速器输入轴的动力总成系统，所述变速器输入轴为传递扭矩通过第一分动力总成系统与第一电机和内燃机有效关联并且为传递扭矩通过第二分动力总成系统与第二电机有效关联。
背景技术
通过背景技术已知适用于混合动力汽车的驱动装置。例如，DE 10 2015 222 691A1公布了一种驱动装置和一种用于控制混合动力汽车驱动装置的方法，所述驱动装置包含第一电机、第二电机和蓄电池。
DE 10 2015 222 690 A1也公布了一种驱动装置和一种用于控制混合动力汽车驱动装置的方法，所述驱动装置包含内燃机、第一电机、第二电机和蓄电池。其中，所述用于驱动混合动力汽车的驱动装置可以在以下三种运行模式下运行，即：纯电动模式，在此，借助第二电机产生行驶驱动扭矩，而内燃机处于关断状态；串联的混合动力模式，在此，借助第二电机产生行驶驱动扭矩并且内燃机会驱动第一电机，以便生成电能；并联的混合动力模式，在此，借助内燃机产生行驶驱动扭矩。其中，所述方法表明：在串联的混合动力模式下按如下方式控制驱动装置，即：内燃机在工作点上基于一种取决于内燃机效率和第一电机效率的组合效率运行。另外，DE 10 2015 222 692 A1也公布了一种驱动装置和一种用于运行混合动力汽车驱动装置(用于进行驱动轮的驱动)的方法。其中，所述驱动装置包含内燃机、与内燃机耦合的第一电机、第二电机、蓄电池和处于内燃机与驱动轮之间的主离合器。其中，所述方法表明：在以下三种运行模式中的第一种运行模式下运行驱动装置，即：纯电动模式，在此，借助第二电机产生作用于驱动轮上的行驶驱动扭矩，而内燃机处于关断状态；串联的混合动力模式，在此，内燃机会驱动第一电机，以便生成电能，生成的电能会被第二电机使用，以便产生行驶驱动扭矩；并联的混合动力模式，在此，借助内燃机产生行驶驱动扭矩；并且会从三种运行模式中的第一种切换到第二种至少一次，其中，在从第一种运行模式切换到第二种运行模式期间所提供的行驶驱动扭矩符合可在切换之前与之后所提供的行驶驱动扭矩之间适当选择的变化曲线。
此外，DE 10 2015 222 694 A1也公布了驱动装置和一种用于运行混合动力汽车驱动装置(用于进行驱动轮的驱动)的方法。其中，所述驱动装置包含内燃机、与内燃机耦合的第一电机、可与驱动轮耦合的第二电机以及蓄电池，并且另外还包含主离合器和变速器，所述变速器布置在内燃机与驱动轮之间。其中，所述方法表明：在已挂入变速器的第一个档位时，在并联的混合动力模式下用适用于第一个档位的第一种转速运行内燃机，在此，会在关闭主离合器的情况下借助内燃机生成作用于驱动轮上的行驶驱动扭矩；切换到串联的混合动力模式，在此，内燃机会驱动第一电机，以便生成电能，生成的电能会被第二电机使用，以便产生行驶驱动扭矩；打开主离合器；在打开主离合器的情况下将内燃机的转速调节到适用于并联混合动力模式下变速器第二档位的第二转速；挂入变速器的第二档位；关闭主离合器；并在已挂入第二档位时切换到并联的混合动力模式。
但背景技术始终具有如下缺点，即：混合动力汽车的包含两个电机和一个内燃机的动力总成系统非常占用空间，尤其是在轴向的总长度方面，并且由于需要大量的构件，例如齿轮、齿轮副、轴承和轴等，成本也非常高。
发明内容
所以，本发明的任务是避免或至少减轻背景技术中所述的缺点。尤其是，应当以既能节省空间也能降低成本的方式开发一种适用于混合动力汽车的包含两个电机和一个内燃机的动力总成系统。
根据本发明，在此类装置中通过如下方法解决本发明的任务，即：第二电机以可传递扭矩的方式与变速器输入轴持久(也就是说：永久/牢固/不可耦合)相连，并且第一电机和内燃机可以为传递扭矩而与变速器输入轴以可耦合的方式(也就是说：可选择性切换)相连。也就是说，取消了背景技术中所述用于以可耦合的方式将内燃机与第一电机或将第二电机与变速器输入轴相连的离合器K1和K2。其优点在于，由此可以大大减少所需构件的数量，这对于总成本来说是有利的。另外，第一电机与第二电机彼此同轴布置，并且第一电机的输出轴布置在第二电机输出轴的径向内部。根据本发明，第一电机的输出轴通过轴承支承在第二电机的输出轴上。
在从属权利要求中要求了有利的实施方式，下文将会详细说明。
有利的是，第二电机的转子通过第一轴承和第二轴承支承在变速器壳体中。
另外有利的是，第一电机通过第一传动级以可传递扭矩的方式与内燃机相连，并且第一传动级由内燃机驱动法兰上的轮齿与第一电机输出轴上的轮齿构成，其中，驱动法兰的轮齿被设计成带内齿的空心轮。
此外有利的是，在包含第二电机的第二分动力总成系统与包含第一电机和内燃机的第一分动力总成系统之间布置了一个可切换的离合器。换句话说，分离离合器(K0)布置在两个电机之间，这可以按有利的方式实现动力总成系统的紧凑设计并由此减小总轴向长度。此外，由此还会减小分离离合器上待传递的扭矩，这可以按有利的方式实现分离离合器更加紧凑的设计并同时降低结构空间需求。
另外有利的是，在动力总成系统中仅布置了一个离合器。也就是说，彻底省去了内燃机与第一电机以及第二电机与变速器输入轴之间的离合器。由此可以按有利的方式减少所需的构件。
另外有利的是，第一电机以可传递扭矩的方式与内燃机持久(也就是说：永久)相连。由此可以取消内燃机与第一电机之间的离合器。仅当在任何运行状态下都不会为电动行驶而单独通过第一电机驱动混合动力汽车时，这才是优选的。
一种有利实施例的特征还在于，在内燃机与第一电机之间仅设计了一个(第一)传动级。
因此尤其有利的是，内燃机相对于第一电机和/或第二电机以轴平行的方式布置。由此，一方面仅需要一个共同的传动级，另一方面可以将扭矩从内燃机的驱动法兰传递到第一电机和/或第二电机的输出轴上。
在此特别优选的是，内燃机与第一电机和/或第二电机之间的传动级以内燃机作为驱动元件并且两个电机作为传动元件的方式被设计成增速传动(i<1)。在备选的实施方式中，减速传动也是可行的。
另外有利的是，在第二电机输出轴与变速器输入轴或副轴之间存在另一个(第二)传动级。由此可以将第一分动力总成系统和/或第二分动力总成系统的扭矩传递转移到变速器上。尤其优选的是，第二传动级以第二电机输出轴作为驱动元件并且副轴作为传动元件的方式被设计成减速传动(i>1)。在备选的实施方式中，增速传动也是可行的。
此外适宜的是，在副轴与差速器之间存在另一个(第三)传动级。由此可以将副轴的扭矩传递转移到差速器上。
尤其优选的是，第三传动级以副轴作为驱动元件并且差速器作为传动元件的方式被设计成减速传动(i>1)。
另外有利的是，第一电机和第二电机沿轴向方向布置在(第一)传动级或(第二)传动级的一侧，并且内燃机沿轴向方向布置在(第一)传动级或(第二)传动级的另一侧。
同样优选的是，第一电机和/或第二电机得到冷却。特别优选的是，借助汽车冷却循环中的水冷装置或采用变速器齿轮油的油冷装置进行冷却。
另外适宜的是，第一电机和/或第二电机既可以被用作发动机运行模式下的牵引机也可以被用作发电机运行模式下的发电机。由此可以在不同运行模式下使用动力总成系统。
同样适宜的是，在内燃机与第一和/或第二电机之间布置了一个减振器。由此可以按有利的方式平衡振动并影响共振。
另外有利的是，在内燃机与第一和/或第二电机之间布置了一个滑动离合器。由此可以防止动力总成系统过载。此外有利的是，存在一个用于在机动车驻车状态下锁定变速器输入轴的驻车锁，优选借助与副轴之间的型配合连接来实现。同样优选的是，通过机电或机械方式操作驻车锁。
另外，一种有利实施例的特征还在于，分离离合器被设计成优选为油冷式的多片式离合器。同样有利的是，分离离合器被设计成爪形离合器。也可以将分离离合器设计成电磁离合器。
另外有利的是，可以通过中心分离系统操作分离离合器。在此可以通过液压、机械或电磁方式促动中心分离系统。另外适宜的是，可以通过液压回转接头操作分离离合器。
此外有利的是，分离离合器被设计成常闭、常开或常驻式离合器。
同样有利的是，动力总成系统可以在第一种运行模式下运行，在此，变速器输入轴为纯电动驱动并且可以进行再生。在第一种运行模式下，分离离合器处于打开状态并且第一电机和内燃机，即第一分动力总成系统，与变速器输入轴是分开的。因此，仅第二电机被用作驱动机。也就是说，第二电机会被用作牵引机(在电动行驶/驱动时)和发电机(在制动再生时)。同样有利的是，动力总成系统可以在第二种运行模式下运行，在此，会执行串联的混合动力运行。也就是说，第二电机作为变速器输入轴的牵引机发挥作用，并且内燃机会为生成电能而驱动第一电机。在第二种运行模式下，分离离合器处于打开状态。
另外适宜的是，动力总成系统可以在第三种运行模式下运行，在此，会执行并联的混合动力运行。也就是说，内燃机以及第一和/或第二电机会在变速器输入轴上施加一个扭矩。即分离离合器处于关闭状态。
因此有利的是，动力总成系统按如下方式设计，即：可以为纯电动驱动而在第一种运行模式下运行，在此，离合器处于打开状态并且仅第二电机作为变速器输入轴的驱动机发挥作用；和/或可以为串联的混合动力驱动而在第二种运行模式下运行，在此，离合器处于打开状态，第二电机作为变速器输入轴的驱动机发挥作用并且内燃机为生成电能而作为第一电机的驱动机发挥作用；和/或可以为并联的混合动力驱动而在第三种运行模式下运行，在此，内燃机以及第一电机和/或第二电机作为变速器输入轴的驱动机发挥作用。
附图说明
下文将借助附图对本发明进行说明。附图简要说明：
图1示出了本发明所述适用于混合动力机动车的动力总成系统的原理图，
图2示出了本发明所述包含第一种轴承结构的动力总成系统的示意图，
图3示出了本发明所述包含第二种轴承结构的动力总成系统的示意图，
图4示出了图3所示动力总成系统的纵剖图，和
图5示出了相对于图4放大的、动力总成系统局部的纵剖图。
图纸在本质上仅为示意性的，仅用于帮助理解本发明。相同的元件带有相同的附图标记。
具体实施方式
图1示出了本发明所述适用于混合动力机动车的动力总成系统1的原理图。在动力总成系统1中，变速器输入轴2为传递扭矩而通过第一分动力总成系统3以可耦合的方式与第一电机(E机)4和内燃机(VKM)5有效关联。变速器输入轴2通过第二分动力总成系统6与第二电机(E机)7持久有效关联。第二电机7在各种运行状态下都与变速器输入轴2相连，而第一电机4和内燃机5可以通过离合器/分离离合器8与变速器输入轴2分开。
因此，第一分动力总成系统3可以为传递扭矩而通过分离离合器8与第二分动力总成系统6相连，并由此与变速器输入轴2相连。第一电机4与第二电机7同轴布置。内燃机5相对于第一电机4和第二电机7以轴平行的方式布置。内燃机5通过第一传动级(ii)9以可传递扭矩的方式与第一电机4持久(也就是说：不可分开)相连。第一传动级9由内燃机5驱动法兰11上的轮齿10与第一电机4输出轴13上的轮齿12构成。第一传动级9从内燃机5出来，是一个增速传动，也就是说：ii<1。在发电机运行模式下使用第一电机4时，输出轴13可以作为驱动轴发挥作用。但为了简单起见，在下文中会将第一电机4的输出/驱动轴13称为输出轴13。
第一电机4具有转子14和同心布置在转子径向外部的定子15。转子14通过转子支架16与第一电机4的输出轴13牢固相连。
输出轴13以抗扭转的方式与分离离合器8的一部分相连。
第二电机7具有转子17和同心布置在转子径向外部的定子18。转子17通过转子支架19与第二电机7的输出轴20牢固相连。在发电机运行模式下使用第二电机7时，输出轴20可以作为驱动轴发挥作用。但为了简单起见，在下文中会将第二电机7的输出/驱动轴20称为输出轴20。第二电机7的输出轴20以抗扭转的方式与分离离合器8的另一部分相连，因此，第二电机7的输出轴20在关闭分离离合器8的情况下以抗扭转的方式与第一电机4的输出轴13耦合。
第二电机7的输出轴20通过第二传动级(12)22以可传递扭矩的方式与变速器输入轴2或与副轴21持久(也就是说：不可分离)相连。第二传动级22由第二电机7输出轴20上的轮齿23与副轴21上的轮齿24构成。第二传动级22从第二电机7的输出轴20出来，是一个减速传动，也就是说：i2>1。
副轴21通过第三传动级(h)26以可传递扭矩的方式与差速器25相连。第三传动级26由副轴21上的轮齿27与差速器25上的轮齿28构成。第三传动级26从副轴21出来，是一个减速传动，也就是说：h>1。驻车锁29由与副轴21或与副轴21上一体式轮齿31之间的型配合连接30构成。
图2示出了本发明所述动力总成系统1的示意图。第一电机4的转子14通过第一轴承32和第二轴承33支承在没有示出的变速器壳体中。第二电机4的转子17通过第一轴承34支承在变速箱壳体中并且通过第二轴承35支承在第一电机4的输出轴13上。输出轴20通过另一个轴承36支承在输出轴13上。第二电机7的输出轴20被设计成空心轴，在所述空心轴中，第一电机4的输出轴13布置在径向内部。第一电机4沿轴向方向布置在第二电机7的背离内燃机的一侧。分离离合器8沿轴向方向布置在第一电机4与第二电机7之间。分离离合器8沿轴向方向布置在第二电机7的背离内燃机的一侧。
第一传动级9沿轴向方向布置在内燃机5与第二电机7之间并且因此也布置在内燃机5与第一电机4之间。
第二传动级22沿轴向方向布置在第一传动级9与第二电机7之间。轴承36沿轴向方向布置在第二传动级22的高度上。内燃机5通过减振器37和滑动离合器38连接在第一电机4的输出轴13上。内燃机5的驱动法兰11通过两个轴承39支承在变速器壳体中。驱动法兰11的轮齿10被设计成带内齿的空心轮。输出轴13的轮齿12以及输出轴20的轮齿23分别被设计成带外齿的正齿轮。副轴21通过两个轴承40支承在变速器壳体中。副轴21的轮齿24、27分别被设计成带外齿的正齿轮。差速器25的轮齿28被设计成带外齿的正齿轮。
图3示出了输出轴13和输出轴20的一种备选的轴承结构。其余特征与图2所示相符，并且为了简单起见不再赘述。第二电机7的转子17通过第一轴承34和第二轴承41支承在变速器壳体中。第一电机4的转子14通过第一轴承32支承在变速箱壳体中并且通过第二轴承42支承在第二电机7的输出轴20上。输出轴13通过另一个轴承36支承在输出轴20上。
图4和5示出了动力总成系统1的纵剖图。在一种实施方式中，分离离合器8被设计成多片式离合器，其操作通过液压的中心离合杆43进行。在另一种实施方式中，分离离合器8被设计成爪形离合器，其中，可以通过电动机45以电动方式移动滑动衬套44，以便打开或关闭分离离合器8。
内燃机5通过曲轴法兰46和被设计成扭振减振器的减振器37与驱动法兰11相连。在图4和5中还示出了变速器壳体47，其中，输出轴13通过轴承32、42进行支承，输出轴20通过轴承34、41进行支承，驱动法兰11通过轴承39进行支承以及副轴21通过轴承40进行支承。轴承32、34、41、42被设计成滚珠轴承，而轴承39被设计成采用O形布置方式的锥形滚子轴承，以及轴承40被设计成采用X形布置方式的锥形滚子轴承。
图5中被设计成多片式离合器的分离离合器8具有外摩擦片支架48和内摩擦片支架49，其中，前者通过轴-轮毂连接以抗扭转的方式与输出轴20相连，后者与第一电机4的转子支架16被设计成一体。

Claims (9)

1.一种适用于混合动力机动车的、带有变速器输入轴(2)的动力总成系统(1)，所述变速器输入轴为传递扭矩通过第一分动力总成系统(3)与第一电机(4)和内燃机(5)有效关联并且为传递扭矩通过第二分动力总成系统(6)与第二电机(7)有效关联，所述第二电机(7)以可传递扭矩的方式与所述变速器输入轴(2)持久相连并且所述第一电机(4)和所述内燃机(5)可以为传递扭矩以可耦合的方式与所述变速器输入轴(2)相连，其中，所述第一电机(4)和所述第二电机(7)彼此同轴布置，并且其中，所述第一电机(4)的输出轴(13)布置在所述第二电机(7)输出轴(20)的径向内部，其特征在于，所述第一电机(4)的输出轴(13)通过轴承(36)支承在所述第二电机(7)输出轴(20)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第二电机(7)的转子(17)通过第一轴承(34)和第二轴承(41)支承在变速器壳体中。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一电机(4)通过第一传动级(9)以可传递扭矩的方式与所述内燃机(5)相连，并且所述第一传动级(9)由所述内燃机(5)驱动法兰(11)上的轮齿(10)与所述第一电机(4)输出轴(13)上的轮齿(12)构成，并且所述驱动法兰(11)的轮齿(10)被设计成带内齿的空心轮。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，在所述包含所述第二电机(7)的第二分动力总成系统(6)与所述包含所述第一电机(4)和所述内燃机(5)的第一分动力总成系统(3)之间布置了可切换的离合器(8)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，在所述动力总成系统(1)中仅布置了一个离合器(8)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一电机(4)以可传递扭矩的方式与所述内燃机(5)持久相连。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，在所述内燃机(5)与所述第一电机(4)之间仅设计了一个传动级(9)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一电机(4)和所述第二电机(7)沿轴向方向布置在所述传动级(9)的一侧，并且所述内燃机(5)沿轴向方向布置在所述传动级(9)的另一侧。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力总成系统(1)，其特征在于，所述动力总成系统(1)按如下方式设计，即：可以为纯电动驱动而在第一种运行模式下运行，在此，所述离合器(8)处于打开状态并且仅所述第二电机(7)作为所述变速器输入轴(2)的驱动机发挥作用；和/或可以为串联的混合动力驱动而在第二种运行模式下运行，在此，所述离合器(8)处于打开状态，所述第二电机(7)作为所述变速器输入轴(2)的驱动机发挥作用并且所述内燃机(5)为生成电能而作为所述第一电机(4)的驱动机发挥作用；和/或可以为并联的混合动力驱动而在第三种运行模式下运行，在此，所述内燃机以及所述第一电机(4)和/或所述第二电机(7)作为所述变速器输入轴(2)的驱动机发挥作用。
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