CN112378812A - Experimental device and method for determining desorption rate of adsorption type shale gas - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for determining desorption rate of adsorption type shale gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and a method for determining desorption rate of adsorption type shale gas, wherein the experimental device comprises a gas tank, a booster pump, a karyocyte chamber and a gas determination device; the upper end of gas pitcher communicates with the upper end of controlling both ends, the rock ventricle room of gaseous survey device respectively, and its lower extreme communicates with the lower extreme of booster pump, rock ventricle room in proper order, the upper end of rock ventricle still communicates with the left end of gaseous survey device. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can simulate the formation environment under different temperature and pressure, accurately control the temperature and pressure parameters, monitor and record data in real time and calculate in real time, and has high accuracy of the calculation result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and research of oil and gas fields, and particularly relates to an experimental device and method for determining desorption rate of adsorption type shale gas.
Background
The shale gas is not only complementary to energy, but also is an improvement of natural gas industrial technology, in an adsorption shale reservoir, the occurrence state of the gas in shale pores is divided into three forms of dissociation, dissolution and adsorption, the adsorption gas is adsorbed on the organic matter surface of the matrix pores in an adsorption mode, the dissociation gas exists in the matrix pores and cracks, and the dissolution gas is dissolved in water, kerogen, asphaltene, liquid hydrocarbon and the like. The autogenous self-storage is one of the characteristics of the shale gas reservoir, the migration of gas in the shale reservoir is multi-scale flow, the migration has two states of dissociation and adsorption, and in the pressure reduction exploitation process of the adsorption shale gas reservoir, the desorption rule of the gas not only has great influence on the seepage rule of the shale gas, but also influences the decreasing rate of the gas reservoir yield. The adsorbed gas occupies an important proportion in the shale reserves, the extraction of the adsorbed gas has great economic factors in the shale development, and the effective extraction of the adsorbed gas has important significance for the efficient development and the improvement of the recovery ratio of the shale gas reservoir as well as the extraction of the free gas.
At present, a gas desorption experimental device, gas adsorption of coal and rock and gas adsorption of dense rock are researched, but a related experimental device for adsorption and desorption rates of an adsorption shale gas reservoir is not researched, research for changing simulation temperature and simulation pressure in an experimental simulation condition is less, and accurate determination of desorption volume or desorption amount of gas after desorption of adsorbed gas is influenced by various experimental factors, and the influence factors are not researched. Through research on the relevant knowledge of a plurality of patents related to gas adsorption, a patent 'dense rock gas desorption rate testing device' (CN103776713A) invents the dense rock gas desorption rate testing device, calculates the desorption rate of a rock sample by calculating the volume of discharged liquid, but does not consider the liquid resistance to be overcome when the desorbed gas is discharged, and the pressure existing at the outflow end after the gas desorption influences the measurement precision of the desorbed gas adsorption. In a coal rock desorption test method (CN102879290B), coal rock particles are placed under circulating water at different temperatures, pressures and rotating speeds, the desorption rule of methane under the influence of liquid is analyzed, pressure change is realized by adjusting a back pressure valve on a pipeline, and accordingly the adsorption and desorption pressure of a coal rock sample is controlled. In the invention, the rock to be detected is naturally desorbed, the desorption rate is monitored, and the volume of desorbed gas obtained by natural desorption is further obtained, and the device can only desorb gas and cannot realize the adsorption phenomenon of the gas in the device.
Therefore, new requirements are provided for the adsorption type shale gas desorption rate determination experimental device, which comprises the following steps: 1) accurately measuring the gas desorption amount after the shale adsorbed gas is desorbed; 2) the simulated formation temperature and pressure parameters can be accurately controlled; 3) the desorbed gas flows without resistance (negligible resistance); 4) when the shale gas development pressure decreases, the pressure decrease may be quickly adjusted and the pressure fluctuations are small.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an adsorption shale gas desorption rate determination experimental device and a method, the device can realize the gas adsorption simulation experiment of a rock core sample, the desorption rate determination of adsorbed gas, the data monitoring and acquisition of the adsorbed gas by a computer, and the gas circulation of the whole set of pipelines; by the device, the desorption rates of adsorbed gas under different conditions are simulated by changing different temperature and pressure of the rock core; the device can simulate the formation environment under different temperature and pressure, accurately control the temperature and pressure parameters, monitor and record data in real time and calculate in real time, and has high accuracy of the calculation result.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an adsorption type shale gas desorption rate determination experimental device comprises a gas tank, a booster pump, a rock core chamber and a gas determination device; the upper end of gas pitcher communicates with the upper end of controlling both ends, the rock ventricle room of gaseous survey device respectively, and its lower extreme communicates with the lower extreme of booster pump, rock ventricle room in proper order, the upper end of rock ventricle still communicates with the left end of gaseous survey device.
The gas measuring device comprises a transparent shell and a non-resistance sliding sheet, wherein the shell is provided with a smooth inner cavity, calibration scales are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity, and the non-resistance sliding sheet is arranged in the inner cavity.
The further technical scheme is that the core chamber is of an inner-outer double-layer structure and is provided with an annular space, an annular disc is arranged in the annular space, and a handle is arranged on the annular disc.
The further technical proposal is that a heater is arranged in the annular space.
The third valve is arranged between the upper end of the gas tank and the right end of the gas measuring device; a first valve is arranged between the upper end of the core chamber and the upper end of the gas tank; a fourth valve is arranged between the left end of the gas measuring device and the upper end of the core chamber; and second valves are arranged between the lower end of the core chamber and the booster pump.
The device further comprises a computer, wherein the computer is in circuit connection with the temperature pressure gauge.
An experimental method for determining desorption rate of adsorption type shale gas comprises the following steps:
(1) checking whether a pipeline system in the device is connected without errors, whether the opening and closing state of the valve is correct, whether the position of the non-resistance sliding sheet is in zero scale, whether the non-resistance sliding sheet is vertical to the axial direction, and checking the air tightness of the device;
(2) firstly, opening a first valve and a second valve, and closing a third valve and a fourth valve simultaneously; then, a booster pump is started, the flow is adjusted to be low, so that gas circulates through the rock core in the rock core chamber, gas adsorption occurs, and gas-solid adsorption time is determined according to different environments where the rock core is located until the rock core fully adsorbs the gas, so that the gas adsorption and desorption in the rock core are in dynamic balance;
(3) closing the booster pump, then closing the first valve and the second valve of the valve, simultaneously opening the third valve and the fourth valve, and inputting the temperature of the simulated formation on the computer; the volume of the annulus is changed by rotating the handle, so that the pressure borne by the rock core in the rock core chamber is changed, namely, the dynamic exploitation process gas adsorption and desorption rule of stratum pressure reduction in the shale gas exploitation process is simulated;
(4) closing the booster pump, then closing the first valve and the second valve, simultaneously opening the third valve and the fourth valve, inputting the pressure of the simulated formation on a computer, heating the liquid in the annular space through a heater, and changing the temperature of the environment where the rock core is located in the rock core chamber, namely simulating the shale gas adsorption and desorption rules of different reservoir temperatures in the shale gas exploitation process;
(5) recording the time when the non-resistance slide sheet starts to move, namely the gas starts to be adsorbed, and recording the position delta l of the non-resistance slide sheet after a period of time delta tiObtaining a series of discrete data points of time and slip sheet displacement, and then calculating the shale gas desorption amount according to the following formula:
in the formula: v is the amount of desorbed gas, cm3(ii)/g; d is the diameter of the sliding sheet, cm; Δ liMoving displacement, cm, of the unobstructed slide sheet at the ith time point;
(6) fitting a relation curve of the gas desorption amount and time obtained in the step, wherein the slope of the curve is the desorption rate of the desorption phenomenon of the adsorption type shale gas;
(7) by changing different simulated formation pressures and simulated formation temperatures, the desorption rules of the adsorption shale gas under different conditions are obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can simulate the formation environment under different temperature and pressure, accurately control the temperature and pressure parameters, monitor and record data in real time and calculate in real time, and has high accuracy of the calculation result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an experimental apparatus for determining desorption rate of adsorption shale gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a core chamber in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a core chamber of an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a gas measuring apparatus in the example.
Shown in the figure: 1-a gas tank; 2, a booster pump; 3-pipeline; 4 a-a first valve; 4 b-a second valve; 4 c-a third valve; 4 d-a fourth valve; 5-annulus; 6-the core chamber; 7-temperature pressure gauge; 8-a computer; 9-a gas measuring device; 10-an annular disc; 11-a handle; 12-a heater; 13-a non-resistance sliding sheet; 14-calibration scale.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an experimental apparatus for determining desorption rate of adsorption shale gas comprises a gas tank 1, a booster pump 2, a core chamber 6, a computer 8 and a gas determination apparatus 9; the gas measuring device 9 comprises a transparent shell and a circular non-resistance slip sheet 13, the shell is provided with a smooth inner cavity, calibration scales 14 are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the non-resistance slip sheet 13 is installed in the inner cavity, the core chamber 6 is of an inner-outer double-layer structure, an annular space 5 is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, an annular disc 10 is arranged in the annular space 5, a handle 11 is arranged on the annular disc 10, the annular space 5 is filled with liquid, threads are carved on the outer wall and the inner wall, the annular disc 10 can move up and down by rotating the handle 11, the purpose of changing the volume of the annular space is achieved, and further the surrounding pressure around the; the annular space 5 is internally provided with a heater 12, the core chamber 6 is provided with a temperature and pressure gauge 7, and the computer 8 is in circuit connection with the temperature and pressure gauge 7.
Wherein the lower end of the gas tank 1 is communicated with the lower end of the core chamber 6 through a pipeline 3, the booster pump 2 is also arranged in the pipeline 3, and the pipeline 3 is provided with a second valve 4 b; the upper end of the gas tank 1 is communicated with the right end of the gas measuring device 9 through a second pipeline, the upper end of the core chamber 6 is communicated with the left end of the gas measuring device 9 through a T-shaped pipeline, and one end of the T-shaped pipeline is connected to the second pipeline; and a third valve 4c is arranged on the second pipeline, and a first valve 4a and a fourth valve 4d are arranged on the T-shaped pipeline.
All through the tube coupling between each system in the whole set of experimental apparatus, screw thread zonulae occludens is adopted at the kneck, guarantees the gas tightness of device, installs the valve of control gas circulation on the pipeline.
Firstly, the shale sample is simulated to generate a gas adsorption experiment through the opening and closing of a control valve, gas is stored in a gas tank 1, the gas is pressurized through a booster pump 2, the gas enters a rock sample along a pipeline, gas-solid adsorption occurs, after the gas-solid adsorption and desorption reach dynamic balance, the control valve is controlled to perform a desorption rate determination experiment of adsorbed gas, after the gas in a rock sample chamber is desorbed, the desorbed gas enters a gas determination device 9, the pressure at an inlet is increased at the moment, the pressure difference exists in the front and the back of a non-resistance slip sheet 13, the non-resistance slip sheet 13 moves from the left end to the right, and.
Wherein the change of confined pressure can be controlled through rotatory handle 11, transmits the computer in real time, and pressure variation realizes easily that numerical value is comparatively accurate and the range of variation is little, can not arouse to vibrate and make things convenient for going on of experiment to realize the absorption desorption simulation experiment of shale under different stratum pressure.
The annular space 5 of the core chamber 6 is filled with liquid, the liquid can be heated by a heater 12, the computer simulates the required stratum temperature by inputting, the heater is operated to heat the liquid or stop working for cooling, and the experiment is carried out when the liquid temperature value tends to be a stable simulation value, so that the adsorption and desorption simulation experiment of shale at different stratum temperatures is realized.
The slide sheet is free from blockage, the sensitivity is high, when a small amount of gas is desorbed, the gas flows into an inlet of the measuring device along a pipeline, the pressure at the inlet of the free slide sheet is increased, the free slide sheet can move rightwards due to the front-back pressure difference, the displacement of the free slide sheet is read through the calibration scale, and the moving volume of the free slide sheet is calculated as the diameter of the slide sheet is D, and the volume is caused by the gas desorption of a rock sample, so the volume value is the volume of the desorbed gas.
And (3) setting the temperature and pressure value by the computer, monitoring the annular temperature and pressure change in real time, receiving the data of the measuring system in real time, calculating and analyzing the desorption rate in real time and drawing a desorption curve.
The volume of the gas tank is far larger than that of the upper gas inflow pipeline, and the gas flows into the gas tank without resistance. The volume of the gas tank is far larger than that of the upper gas inflow pipeline, and the pressure of the right gas outflow end of the unimpeded slide sheet 13 is negligible compared with the pressure of the left gas inflow end.
The experimental device comprises the following specific experimental steps:
(1) checking whether a pipeline system in the device is connected without errors, whether the opening and closing state of the valve is correct, whether the position of the non-resistance sliding sheet is in zero scale, whether the non-resistance sliding sheet is vertical to the axial direction, and checking the air tightness of the device;
(2) firstly, opening a first valve 4a and a second valve 4b, and closing a third valve 4c and a fourth valve 4d simultaneously; then, the booster pump 2 is started, the flow is adjusted to be low, so that gas circulates through the rock core in the rock core chamber 6, gas adsorption occurs, and the gas-solid adsorption time is determined according to different environments of the rock core until the rock core fully adsorbs the gas, so that the gas adsorption and desorption in the rock core are in dynamic balance;
(3) the booster pump 2 is closed, then the first valve 4a and the second valve 4b of the valves are closed, meanwhile, the third valve 4c and the fourth valve 4d are opened, and the temperature of the simulated formation is input on the computer 8; the volume of the annular space 5 is changed by rotating the handle 11, so that the pressure borne by the core in the core chamber 6 is changed, namely, the dynamic exploitation process gas adsorption and desorption rule of stratum pressure reduction in the shale gas exploitation process is simulated;
(4) closing the booster pump, then closing the first valve 4a and the second valve 4b of the valves, simultaneously opening the third valve 4c and the fourth valve 4d, inputting the pressure of the simulated formation on the computer, heating the liquid in the annular space 5 through the heater 12, and changing the temperature of the environment where the core in the core chamber 6 is located, namely simulating the shale gas adsorption and desorption rules of different reservoir temperatures in the shale gas exploitation process;
(5) recording the time when the non-resistance slide sheet starts to move, namely the gas starts to be adsorbed, and recording the position delta l of the non-resistance slide sheet after a period of time delta tiObtaining a series of discrete data points of time and slip sheet displacement, and then calculating the shale gas desorption amount according to the following formula:
in the formula: v is the amount of desorbed gas, cm3(ii)/g; d is the diameter of the sliding sheet, cm; Δ liMoving displacement, cm, of the unobstructed slide sheet at the ith time point;
(6) fitting a relation curve of the gas desorption amount and time obtained in the step, wherein the slope of the curve is the desorption rate of the desorption phenomenon of the adsorption type shale gas;
(7) by changing different simulated formation pressures and simulated formation temperatures, the desorption rules of the adsorption shale gas under different conditions are obtained.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An adsorption type shale gas desorption rate determination experimental device is characterized by comprising a gas tank (1), a booster pump (2), a rock core chamber (6) and a gas determination device (9); the upper end of gas pitcher (1) communicates with the upper end of controlling both ends, rock ventricle chamber (6) of gaseous survey device (9) respectively, and its lower extreme communicates with the lower extreme of booster pump (2), rock ventricle chamber (6) in proper order, the upper end of rock ventricle chamber (6) still communicates with the left end of gaseous survey device (9).
2. The experimental apparatus for determining the desorption rate of the adsorption shale gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas determining apparatus (9) comprises a transparent casing and a non-resistance sliding sheet (13), the casing has a smooth inner cavity, a calibration scale (14) is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity, and the non-resistance sliding sheet (13) is installed in the inner cavity.
3. The experimental device for determining the desorption rate of the adsorption shale gas according to claim 2, wherein the core chamber (6) is of an inner-outer double-layer structure and is provided with an annular space (5), an annular disc (10) is arranged in the annular space (5), and a handle (11) is arranged on the annular disc (10).
4. The experimental apparatus for determining the desorption rate of the adsorption shale gas according to claim 3, wherein a heater (12) is arranged in the annular space (5).
5. The experimental apparatus for determining the desorption rate of the adsorption shale gas according to claim 4, wherein a third valve (4c) is arranged between the upper end of the gas tank (1) and the right end of the gas determination device (9); a first valve (4a) is arranged between the upper end of the core chamber (6) and the upper end of the gas tank (1); a fourth valve (4d) is arranged between the left end of the gas measuring device (9) and the upper end of the core chamber (6); and a second valve (4b) is arranged between the lower end of the core chamber (6) and the booster pump (2).
6. The experimental device for determining the desorption rate of the adsorption shale gas according to claim 5, wherein a temperature pressure gauge (7) is arranged on the core chamber (6), the device further comprises a computer (8), and the computer (8) is electrically connected with the temperature pressure gauge (7).
7. An experimental method using the experimental apparatus for determining desorption rate of adsorption shale gas according to claim 6, comprising the following steps:
(1) checking whether a pipeline system in the device is connected without errors, whether the opening and closing state of the valve is correct, whether the position of the non-resistance sliding sheet is in zero scale, whether the non-resistance sliding sheet is vertical to the axial direction, and checking the air tightness of the device;
(2) firstly, opening a first valve (4a) and a second valve (4b), and simultaneously closing a third valve (4c) and a fourth valve (4 d); then, a booster pump (2) is started, the flow is adjusted to be low, so that gas circularly passes through the rock core in the rock core chamber (6), gas adsorption is generated, and the gas-solid adsorption time is determined according to different environments where the rock core is located until the rock core fully adsorbs the gas, so that the gas adsorption and desorption in the rock core are in dynamic balance;
(3) the booster pump (2) is closed, then the first valve (4a) and the second valve (4b) of the valves are closed, the third valve (4c) and the fourth valve (4d) are opened simultaneously, and the temperature of the simulated formation is input on the computer (8); the volume of the annulus (5) is changed by rotating the handle (11), so that the pressure borne by the core in the core chamber (6) is changed, namely, the dynamic exploitation process gas adsorption and desorption rule of stratum pressure reduction in the shale gas exploitation process is simulated;
(4) closing the booster pump, then closing a first valve (4a) and a second valve (4b) of the valves, simultaneously opening a third valve (4c) and a fourth valve (4d), inputting the pressure of a simulated formation on a computer, heating the liquid in the annular space (5) through a heater (12), and changing the temperature of the environment where the core in the core chamber (6) is located, namely simulating the adsorption and desorption rules of shale gas by different reservoir temperatures in the shale gas exploitation process;
(5) recording the time when the non-resistance slide sheet starts to move, namely the gas starts to be adsorbed, and recording the position delta l of the non-resistance slide sheet after a period of time delta tiObtaining a series of discrete data points of time and slip sheet displacement, and then calculating the shale gas desorption amount according to the following formula:
in the formula: v is the amount of desorbed gas, cm3(ii)/g; d is the diameter of the sliding sheet, cm; Δ liMoving displacement, cm, of the unobstructed slide sheet at the ith time point;
(6) fitting a relation curve of the gas desorption amount and time obtained in the step, wherein the slope of the curve is the desorption rate of the desorption phenomenon of the adsorption type shale gas;
(7) by changing different simulated formation pressures and simulated formation temperatures, the desorption rules of the adsorption shale gas under different conditions are obtained.
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| CN117147414A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2023-12-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for determining occurrence of water in shale organic and inorganic pores |
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