CN104713802A - Method and device for testing gas content of shale gas reservoir - Google Patents
Method and device for testing gas content of shale gas reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for testing the gas content of a shale gas reservoir. The device for testing the gas content of the shale gas reservoir comprises a high-pressure nitrogen inlet device, a high-pressure natural gas inlet device, a first six-way valve, a booster pump, a second six-way valve, an evacuator, a thermostat, a rock core desorption flow model, a pressure sensor, a ring crush control pump and a gas metering device, wherein the high-pressure nitrogen inlet device and the high-pressure natural gas inlet device are connected with the second six-way valve by virtue of pipelines after passing through the first six-way valve and the booster pump; the evacuator is connected with the second six-way valve; the second six-way valve is connected with the gas metering device by virtue of a pipeline after pasting through the rock core desorption flow model arranged in the thermostat; and the rock core desorption flow model is respectively connected with the pressure sensor and the ring crush control pump which is used for performing follow-up control on the ambient pressure of the rock core desorption flow model. By adopting the device disclosed by the invention, the shale gas desorption in the development process of a gas reservoir is researched by virtue of a physical simulation method, and the gas production rate during shale gas exploitation is measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shale gas development technique field, particularly relate to a kind of shale gas reservoir air content method of testing and device.
Background technology
Current shale measurement of air content can be divided into two classes: direct method (desorption method) and indirect method (adsorption isotherm experiment method).Desorption method measures the most direct method of shale air content, utilizes on-the-spot drill cores and representative landwaste to measure actual air content, measures shale air content and comprise loss tolerance, gas desorption quantity and residual volume.Loss gas refers to that rock is mentioned ground and sealed the gas desorbed from rock during this period of time to tinning from down-hole, cannot measure, and calculates that loss tolerance is the key of Accurate Prediction shale air content; Stripping gas is that after sample tinning, natural desorb adopts buret metering; Residual gas by the method for crushed rock sample, gas desorption method is out measured.
Adsorption isotherm experiment method refers to by the method such as adsorption isotherm experiment, well logging interpretation supposition adsorbed gas content and free gas content.Adsorbed gas content by isothermal adsorption simulated experiment, sets up the relational model of adsorbed gas content and pressure, temperature; Experimentation is particle rock sample product being pulverized into particle diameter 0.1 ∽ 0.5mm, then puts into the adsorbance that gas under different pressures tested by thermostat, draws out adsorption isothermal by pressure and adsorbance, calculate adsorbed gas content according to Lan Shi model.Free tolerance is obtained by the net porosity of well logging interpretation data determination free gas and gas saturation, shale gas reservoir Free Gas net porosity is matrix porosity and fracture porosity sum of the two, utilize the well-log informations such as sound wave, neutron, density and nuclear magnetic resonance can record matrix porosity, go out comparatively accurately fracture porosity by dual laterolog material computation; Gas saturation, setting up on rock resistivity, shale-water resistivity, the basis of net porosity with stratum mixed water resistivity relation formula, utilizes Archie equation to calculate.
Desorption method measures shale air content, and measurement result is easily subject to the impact of the mode of coring, assay method, loss air volume calculation method, factor such as measurement reservoir gas-bearing amount (stripping gas, residual gas) precision, gas desorption temperature etc., calculates that loss tolerance error is large.The shale adsorbance test carried out at present is all with reference to the experimental technique standard of coal-seam gas adsorbance, and employing is pulverized shale particle and have ignored the impact of pore texture, more fully can not characterize the effect of water saturation to adsorbed gas.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for defect of the prior art, provides a kind of shale gas reservoir air content method of testing and device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, comprises high pressure nitrogen admission gear, high-pressure natural gas admission gear, the first six-way valve, supercharge pump, the second six-way valve, evacuator, constant temperature oven, rock core desorb flow model, pressure transducer, ring pressure-controlled pump and gas-metering device;
Described high pressure nitrogen admission gear is connected with the second six-way valve after supercharge pump through the first six-way valve by pipeline with high-pressure natural gas admission gear, described evacuator is connected with the second six-way valve, second six-way valve is connected with gas-metering device after being arranged on the rock core desorb flow model in constant temperature oven by pipeline, and described rock core desorb flow model regulates the ring pressure-controlled pump of rock core desorb flow model confined pressure to be connected with pressure transducer with for following the tracks of respectively.
Apparatus of the present invention principle of work and process as follows:
Adopt and obtain natural core from shale reservoir, according to geologic characteristics arrangement, filling rock core to rock core desorb flow model, add confined pressure (confined pressure is gas reservoir burden pressure) by ring pressure-controlled pump, evacuator is to system pump down; With high-pressure air source, supercharge pump to rock core pore filling high-pressure natural gas, be pressurized to reservoir pressure, under uniform temperature (25 DEG C or formation temperature), keep 24 hours pressure stabilitys.Open the valve of rock core desorb flow model, release a certain amount of gas, make system pressure reduce by 2 ∽ 6MPa, then valve-offs, measure gas production rate with gas-metering device; Meanwhile, monitoring system pressure changes, and at least stablizes 3 ∽ 8 hours, the Pressure Drop that record output gas is corresponding, then carries out the test of step-down next time, to without gas production rate, tests and terminates.Automatically monitor by gas-metering device, pressure monitoring device, gather, process data.Carry out splitting point adsorbed gas and free gas according to the isothermal adsorption rule of gas, calculate adsorption isothermal curve.
According to said apparatus, the present invention also provides a kind of shale gas reservoir air content method of testing, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) gather shale gas reservoir individual well same position rock core and drill through gas reservoir column natural core, testing rock core physical parameter, collecting gas reservoir static nature parameter; Described testing rock core physical parameter comprises factor of porosity, water saturation, the content of organic matter and core quality; Described gas reservoir static nature parameter comprises gas reservoir formation temperature, reservoir pressure and burden pressure;
2) rock core is put into above-mentioned shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, saturated natural gas of at room temperature finding time, be then warmed up to formation temperature, system pressure is pressurized to reservoir pressure, and confined pressure is gas reservoir burden pressure; Temperature, pressure stability start experiment after 24 hours, output tolerance under different pressures during test step-down exploitation;
3) split point free gas and adsorbed gas according to the isothermal adsorption rule of gas, calculate adsorption isothermal curve;
By such scheme, described step 2) in specific as follows:
2.1) in shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, put into rock core, described rock core is the moisture rock core of dry rock core or known rock core water containing saturability;
2.2) at room temperature, shale gas reservoir air content proving installation is found time saturated natural gas: evacuator is found time to rock core desorb flow model, to vacuum pressure-0.1MPa, close evacuator, open high-pressure air source, supercharge pump filling rock gas to reservoir pressure, guarantee that model and pipeline are by the filling of pure natural gas; Stablize 24 hours under rock gas reservoir air content test device system pressure remains on reservoir pressure, allow rock gas spread in shale, adsorb and fully reach balance;
2.3) using ring pressure-controlled pump to follow the tracks of regulates confined pressure to gas reservoir burden pressure;
2.4) during each step-down exploitation, open valve and reduce by 2 ∽ 6MPa, then valve-offs from high pressure, monitoring system pressure changes, and keeps pressure at least to stablize 3 ∽ 8 hours, measures now output tolerance, the pressure that record output gas is corresponding; Carry out the test of step-down next time again, to without gas production rate, test and terminate.
By such scheme, in described step 1), gas reservoir natural core drills through from actual shale Gas Reservoir, and gas reservoir natural core diameter is 2.5cm, monolithic length 5 ∽ 8cm, cumulative length 25 ∽ 30cm.
By such scheme, in described step 3), when calculating gas decompressional expansion, the impact of the compressibility factor of gas need be considered; Hole free gas is split the dead volume that the free gas separated deducts test macro.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: apparatus of the present invention simulate gas reservoir environment and gas reservoir development scheme, gas production rate in gas reservoir production run, pressure and other parameters Changing Pattern are reproduced, achieve and desorbed by physical simulating method research gas reservoir development process shale gas, determine gas production rate in shale gas recovery process, for determining the free tolerance of different existence state gas and absorption tolerance, provide data supporting.Apparatus of the present invention automaticity is high, data are monitored automatically, gather, process, accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is shale different pressures and air content relation curve;
Fig. 3 is sandstone different pressures and air content relation curve (without gas absorption);
Fig. 4 is shale adsorption isothermal curve.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, comprises high pressure nitrogen admission gear 1, high-pressure natural gas admission gear 2, first six-way valve 3, supercharge pump 4, evacuator 5, second six-way valve 6, constant temperature oven 7, rock core desorb flow model 8, pressure transducer 9, ring pressure-controlled pump 10 and gas-metering device 11;
High pressure nitrogen admission gear 1 is connected with the second six-way valve 6 after supercharge pump 4 through the first six-way valve 3 by pipeline with high-pressure natural gas admission gear 2, evacuator 5 is connected with the second six-way valve 6, second six-way valve 6 is connected with gas-metering device 11 after being arranged on the rock core desorb flow model 8 in constant temperature oven 7 by pipeline, and rock core desorb flow model 8 regulates the ring pressure-controlled pump 10 of rock core desorb flow model confined pressure to be connected with pressure transducer 9 with for following the tracks of respectively.
The high pressure nitrogen provided by high-pressure air source, rock gas, maximum pressure 12 MPa;
Supercharge pump, maximum output pressure can reach 50 MPa;
Rock core desorb flow model, can load diameter 2.5cm rock core, maximum rock core pattern length 30cm, pressure 50MPa;
Ring pressure-controlled pump is followed the tracks of and is regulated confined pressure, maximum pressure 70 MPa;
Evacuator is found time to rock core desorb flow model, to vacuum pressure-0.1MPa, and pressure limit-0.1 ∽ 0MPa;
Pressure monitoring pressure limit 0 ∽ 50 MPa;
Calorstat temperature scope: room temperature ∽ 100 DEG C;
Gas controlling device is used for volume when testing producing goes out gas 25 DEG C, flow range 0 ∽ 1000ml.
Apparatus of the present invention principle of work and process as follows:
Adopt and obtain natural core from shale reservoir, according to geologic characteristics arrangement, filling rock core to rock core desorb flow model, confined pressure (confined pressure is gas reservoir burden pressure) is added by ring pressure-controlled pump, evacuator is to system pump down, saturated natural gas, with high-pressure air source, supercharge pump to rock core pore filling high-pressure natural gas, be pressurized to reservoir pressure, under uniform temperature (25 DEG C or formation temperature), keep 24 hours pressure stabilitys.Open out valve, release a certain amount of gas, make system pressure reduce by 2 ∽ 6MPa, then valve-offs, measure gas production rate with gas-metering device; Meanwhile, monitoring system pressure changes, and at least stablizes 3 ∽ 8 hours, the Pressure Drop that record output gas is corresponding, then carries out the test of step-down next time, to without gas production rate, tests and terminates.Automatically monitor by gas-metering device, pressure monitoring device, gather, process data.Carry out splitting point adsorbed gas and free gas according to the isothermal adsorption rule of gas, calculate adsorption isothermal curve.
Shale gas reservoir air content of the present invention and adsorbed gas weight testing method, carry out according to following steps:
1) gather shale gas reservoir individual well same position rock core and drill through gas reservoir column natural core, testing rock core physical parameter, collecting gas reservoir static nature parameter; Described testing rock core physical parameter comprises factor of porosity, water saturation, the content of organic matter and core quality; Described gas reservoir static nature parameter comprises gas reservoir formation temperature, reservoir pressure and burden pressure;
In the present embodiment, in gas reservoir, shale physical parameter is as follows: have grain diameter and be less than that 0.03mm, clay mineral and long English matter mineral content are greater than 50%, hole is nanoscale size, permeability is less than 0.1md.
Natural core drills through from actual Gas Reservoir, and diameter is 2.5cm, monolithic length 5 ∽ 8cm, cumulative length 25 ∽ 30cm.
Gas reservoir formation temperature 50 ∽ 100 DEG C, reservoir pressure 20 ∽ 50MPa, burden pressure 40 ∽ 70MPa.
2) install analogue means according to shown in Fig. 1, saturated natural gas of at room temperature finding time, is then warmed up to formation temperature, and system pressure is pressurized to reservoir pressure, and confined pressure is gas reservoir burden pressure; Temperature, pressure stability start experiment after 24 hours, output tolerance under different pressures during test step-down exploitation;
Step 2) described geologic characteristics is shale gas reservoir heterogeneity.
Step 2) described analogue means finds time saturated natural gas, be evacuator be that rock core desorb flow model is found time, to vacuum pressure-0.1MPa, close evacuator, open high-pressure air source, supercharge pump filling rock gas to reservoir pressure, guarantee that model and pipeline ensure by the filling of pure natural gas.
Step 2) described test device system pressure stablizes 24 hours under should remaining on reservoir pressure, and allow rock gas spread in shale, adsorb and fully reach balance.As China's shale gas field, formation temperature 86 DEG C, gas reservoir virgin pressure 32 ∽ 38, average well depth 2400m, rock density 2.56g/cm
3, calculating overburden pressure is 61.4MPa, so, preferred rock core confined pressure 61MPa, rock core pore pressure 32MPa.
Step 2) to put into rock core in described device can be dry rock core, also can be moisture rock core (will be clear that rock core water containing saturability), whole test macro will ensure non-leakage (32MPa lower 10 hours Pressure Drops are less than 0.1MPa).
Step 2) described step-down exploitation time, open valve and reduce by 2 ∽ 6MPa, then valve-offs from high pressure, measure now output tolerance, meanwhile, monitoring system pressure changes, and pressure at least stablizes 3 ∽ 8 hours, the pressure that record output gas is corresponding; Carry out the test of step-down next time again.
Step 2) described step-down exploitation time when more than system pressure 15MPa, rock gas quantum of output under at least 4 pressure be tested; When below system pressure 15MPa, rock gas quantum of output under 6 pressure at least to be tested; Test curve as shown in Figure 2.
3) point free gas and adsorbed gas is split, finally adsorption isothermal curve under calculating formation condition; Splitting point process in step 3) is isothermal adsorption rule according to gas, adsorption equilibrium is reached higher than gas after 15MPa, adsorbance reaches maximal value, and under high pressure, the gas of output is all rock core pore space Free Gas, and under low pressure, output is free gas and adsorbed gas; Hole gas production rate and pressure linear (as shown in Figure 3) when there is no an adsorbed gas.
Split described in step 3) and separate under different pressures after free gas (Fig. 2 cathetus represents that free gas changes), residual gas is then the absorption of output, calculates the isothermal adsorption amount (as shown in Figure 4) under different pressures;
When calculating gas decompressional expansion described in step 3), consider the impact of the compressibility factor of gas; Hole free gas is split the dead volume that the free gas separated deducts test macro.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, it is characterized in that, comprise high pressure nitrogen admission gear, high-pressure natural gas admission gear, the first six-way valve, supercharge pump, the second six-way valve, evacuator, constant temperature oven, rock core desorb flow model, pressure transducer, ring pressure-controlled pump and gas-metering device;
Described high pressure nitrogen admission gear is connected with the second six-way valve after supercharge pump through the first six-way valve by pipeline with high-pressure natural gas admission gear, described evacuator is connected with the second six-way valve, second six-way valve is connected with gas-metering device after being arranged on the rock core desorb flow model in constant temperature oven by pipeline, and described rock core desorb flow model regulates the ring pressure-controlled pump of rock core desorb flow model confined pressure to be connected with pressure transducer with for following the tracks of respectively.
2. use a shale gas reservoir air content method of testing for proving installation described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) gather shale gas reservoir individual well same position rock core and drill through gas reservoir column natural core, testing rock core physical parameter, collecting gas reservoir static nature parameter; Described testing rock core physical parameter comprises factor of porosity, water saturation, the content of organic matter and core quality; Described gas reservoir static nature parameter comprises gas reservoir formation temperature, reservoir pressure and burden pressure;
2) rock core is put into above-mentioned shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, saturated natural gas of at room temperature finding time, be then warmed up to formation temperature, system pressure is pressurized to reservoir pressure, and confined pressure is gas reservoir burden pressure; Temperature, pressure stability start experiment after 24 hours, output tolerance under different pressures during test step-down exploitation;
3) point free gas and adsorbed gas is split according to the isothermal adsorption rule of gas, adsorption isothermal curve under calculating formation condition.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 1), gas reservoir natural core drills through from actual shale Gas Reservoir, and gas reservoir natural core diameter is 2.5cm, monolithic length 5 to 8cm, cumulative length 25 to 30cm.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 2) in specific as follows:
2.1) in shale gas reservoir air content proving installation, put into rock core, described rock core is the moisture rock core of dry rock core or known rock core water containing saturability;
2.2) at room temperature, shale gas reservoir air content proving installation is found time saturated natural gas: evacuator is found time to rock core desorb flow model, to vacuum pressure-0.1MPa, close evacuator, open high-pressure air source, supercharge pump filling rock gas to reservoir pressure, guarantee that model and pipeline are by the filling of pure natural gas; Stablize 24 hours under rock gas reservoir air content test device system pressure remains on reservoir pressure, allow rock gas spread in shale, adsorb and fully reach balance;
2.3) using ring pressure-controlled pump to follow the tracks of regulates confined pressure to gas reservoir burden pressure;
2.4) during each step-down exploitation, open valve and reduce by 2 to 6MPa, then valve-off from high pressure, monitoring system pressure changes, and keeps pressure at least to stablize 3 to 8 hours, measures now output tolerance, the pressure that record output gas is corresponding; Carry out the test of step-down next time again, to without gas production rate, test and terminate.
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 3), when calculating gas decompressional expansion, need consider the impact of the compressibility factor of gas; Hole free gas is split the dead volume that the free gas separated deducts test macro.
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