CN108460169A - A kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system and its application - Google Patents
A kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108460169A CN108460169A CN201710085081.3A CN201710085081A CN108460169A CN 108460169 A CN108460169 A CN 108460169A CN 201710085081 A CN201710085081 A CN 201710085081A CN 108460169 A CN108460169 A CN 108460169A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying systems, including：Absorption tolerance predicting subsystem：By the prediction to target zone shale samples shale absorption tolerance under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum, target zone shale samples absorption tolerance is established with buried depth change curve；Solid and gas effect analog subsystem：For by simulated experiment, establishing target zone shale diffusion coefficient and permeability with buried depth change curve；Solid and gas effect annulus recognition subsystem：The diffusion coefficient and permeability that the absorption tolerance obtained based on absorption tolerance predicting subsystem is established with buried depth change curve, solid and gas effect analog subsystem are with buried depth change curve, and then establish solid and gas effect annulus identification plate, further, the position of solid and gas effect annulus is determined.Identifying system provided by the invention is that relict structure shale gas scatters and disappears and preservation is enriched with determining, Reservoir model research in boundary etc. and provides new analysis means.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geology field, it is related to a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system and its application.
Background technology
Shale gas is a kind of important unconventional resource, and the successful exploration in the large size shale such as burnt masonry dam gas field and exploitation are shown
Shale gas good industrial applications foreground.Shale gas preservation condition and Reservoir model evaluation are shale gas exploration and development fields
Important topic.Exploration practices confirm that regional five peaks-Longma small stream group shale is shale gas exploration and development to the east of homogeneous kernel fracture
Important area has apparent exploration area and resources advantage, but it has compared with burnt masonry dam area by ta ctonic reworking
Compared with strong, the uplift time is early, uplift scope is larger, the stronger feature of structural deformation intensity, shale gas reservoir preservation condition is complicated,
Relict structure (to tiltedly) is the highest priority of shale gas exploration.Previous studies have shown that by difference be lifted, shale stratification construction with
The influence of lithology and permeability anisotropy's feature, among relict structure, lateral scatter and disappear is five peaks-Longma small stream group shale
The main thoroughfare of gas loss, shale gas to oblique core portion to alar part, exposure area from spreading, migration, scattering and disappearing, to shale gas reservoir
It is had an impact at Tibetan scale etc..
Have scholar and propose that distance five peaks-Longma small stream group shale far and near shale gas that influences of appearing preserves, sideways diffusion is page
The main sinking vias of rock gas, but how far be still a complicated problem for faint diffusion region apart from outcrop area.Although researcher
Explained from different aspect, but due in shale absorption tolerance can reach 20%-80%, shale gas adsorpting aggregation is one
The important reservoiring mechanism of kind, the research that shale suction-operated preserves shale gas, Enrichment And Reservoiring influences need to be deepened.
Invention content
The suction-operated of shale causes its permeability reduction, forms a kind of " solid and gas effect of retardance shale gas seepage flow diffusion
Answer ", this solid and gas effect is notable to the preservation of oblique shale gas and the influence on enrichment boundary to remaining, in order to determine solid and gas effect annulus
The position of (band), the present invention provides a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus (band) identifying systems, for remaining to oblique
(construction) shale gas scatter and disappear intensive analysis, preserve enrichment boundary determine, Reservoir model research be of great significance.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system is provided, including：
Absorption tolerance predicting subsystem：By to target zone shale samples under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum shale absorption tolerance
Prediction, establishes target zone shale absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve；
Solid and gas effect analog subsystem：By simulated experiment, target zone shale diffusion coefficient and permeability are established with burying
Depth change curve；
Solid and gas effect annulus recognition subsystem：The absorption tolerance obtained based on absorption tolerance predicting subsystem is with buried depth
The diffusion coefficient and permeability that change curve, solid and gas effect analog subsystem are established establish solid and gas effect with buried depth change curve
It answers annulus to identify plate, on solid and gas effect identification plate, determines the buried depth corresponding to target zone absorption tolerance maximum value
HIt inhales, the corresponding buried depth H of diffusion coefficient minimum valueExpandAnd the corresponding buried depth H in permeability minimum placeIt oozes, compare HIt inhales、HExpand
And HIt oozesSize, depth capacity MAXH inhales, H expands, H oozesWith minimum-depth MINH inhales, H expands, H oozesBetween be solid and gas annulus position.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absorption tolerance forecasting system establish target zone shale absorption tolerance with
The method of buried depth change curve is：By analyzing the isothermal adsorption data of sample, Lan Shi volumes, Lan Shi pressure and temperature are obtained
The relational expression of degree determines shale samples absorption tolerance prediction technique, and binding purpose layer buried depth, ground temperature in conjunction with Langmuir models
Gradient, reservoir pressure coefficient establish under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum target zone shale samples absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shale absorption tolerance is predicted to obtain by following formula：
Q=(m × T+c) P/ [(n × T+d)+P]
Wherein, m and n is proportionality coefficient, and c and d are constant, are obtained by Formulas I and Formula II, Q be shale temperature be T, pressure
For the prediction absorption tolerance under P-condition, unit m3/ t, P are isothermal adsorption pressure, units MPa；T is temperature, unit DEG C.
VL=m × T+c Formulas I
PL=n × T+d Formula II
In Formulas I and Formula II, m and n are proportionality coefficient, and c and d are constant, and T is temperature, unit DEG C.
According to the present invention, Lan Shi volumes VL, Lan Shi pressure PLRelational expression Formulas I and Formula II with temperature T are by the following method
It obtains：The Lan Shi volumes and Lan Shi pressure under different temperatures are respectively obtained according to adsorption isothermal curve, then by Lan Shi volumes
Linear fit is carried out with Lan Shi pressure to temperature T respectively to obtain.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the target zone shale samples absorption tolerance is with buried depth change curve
Method for building up be：The absorption tolerance of different buried depths is calculated according to the following formula, and then obtains shale samples absorption tolerance
With buried depth change curve,
Q=(m × (H × A+C)+c) (H × B)/[(n × (H × A+C)+d)+(H × B)]
Wherein, Q is prediction absorption tolerance of the shale in the case where temperature is T, pressure is P-condition, unit m3/ t, m and n be than
Example coefficient, c and d are constant, and H is buried depth, and unit m, A are geothermal gradient, and unit DEG C/100m, C is constant, are usually selected
20-25 DEG C, indicate surface temperature, B is reservoir pressure coefficient, units MPa/100m, usually 0.9-2.0MPa/100m.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid and gas effect analog system establish target zone shale diffusion coefficient and
Permeability includes with buried depth change curve：Target zone shale permeability is obtained with buried depth by permeability simulated experiment
Change curve, and by diffusion coefficient simulated experiment to obtain target zone shale diffusion coefficient bent with the variation of buried depth
Line.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the permeability simulated experiment is using permeability detector under triaxial stress
It carries out, which calculates axial compressive force with sample buried depth, density of earth formations, and confining pressure is determined with Study on Rock Stress result,
Pore pressure is calculated with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth, is then experiment condition in axial compressive force, confining pressure and pore pressure,
The permeability determination simulated experiment for carrying out sample under different buried depths obtains shale samples under different buried depths and is constructing shape
Permeability under change, crustal stress, suction-operated coupling condition, and then obtain change curve of the permeability with buried depth.In reality
During testing, pore pressure change when, with set pore pressure, with methane be measurement medium make shale samples reach absorption
Saturation, the time is not less than for 24 hours.
Wherein, axial compressive force=buried depth × density of earth formations；
Pore pressure=reservoir pressure coefficient × buried depth.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion coefficient simulated experiment is carried out using diffusion coefficient analyzer,
The simulated experiment calculates confining pressure with sample buried depth, density of earth formations；Gas injection balance is calculated with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth
Pressure；With formation temperature gradient, buried depth experiment with computing temperature, then under temperature, confining pressure and gas injection balanced pressure condition,
The diffusion coefficients simulated experiment for carrying out sample under different buried depths obtains shale samples under different buried depths and is constructing
Diffusion coefficient under deformation, crustal stress, suction-operated coupling condition, and then it is bent with the variation of buried depth to obtain diffusion coefficient
Line.During the experiment, when gas injection balance pressure change, pressure is balanced with the gas injection set, is made to measure medium with methane
Shale samples reach adsorption saturation, and the time is not less than for 24 hours.
Wherein, confining pressure=buried depth × density of earth formations；
Gas injection balances pressure=reservoir pressure coefficient × buried depth；
Experimental temperature=formation temperature gradient × buried depth+surface temperature.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for establishing solid and gas effect identification plate is：It is buried in target zone
On the basis of hiding depth section figure, superposition target zone shale absorption tolerance is with buried depth change curve, diffusion coefficient with burying
The change curve of depth and permeability with buried depth change curve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the identifying system is provided on the evaluation of shale gas reservoir preservation condition, enrichment side
Application in boundary's determination and Reservoir model research.
The present invention provides a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying systems, are dissipated to oblique (construction) shale gas for residual
It loses and preserves determining, Reservoir model research in enrichment boundary etc. and provide new means, have for shale gas Comprehensive Appraisal Study
Significance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is solid and gas effect annulus identification plate schematic diagram.
Wherein, layer buried depth sectional view for the purpose of 1,2 be absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve, and 3 be permeability
With the change curve of buried depth, 4 be change curve of the diffusion coefficient with buried depth.
Fig. 2 is the adsorption isothermal curve under the shale samples different temperatures of Peng River area.
Fig. 3 is the relation curve of Lan Shi volumes and temperature.
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of Lan Shi pressure and temperature.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiments, but the present invention is not limited by following embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system, including：
Absorption tolerance predicting subsystem：By to target zone shale samples under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum shale absorption tolerance
Prediction, establishes target zone shale absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve；
Solid and gas effect analog subsystem：By simulated experiment, target zone shale diffusion coefficient and permeability are established with burying
Depth change curve；
Solid and gas effect annulus recognition subsystem：Based on absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve, diffusion coefficient and infiltration
Rate establishes solid and gas effect annulus with buried depth change curve and identifies plate, on solid and gas effect identification plate, determines target zone
Buried depth H corresponding to absorption tolerance maximum valueIt inhales, the corresponding buried depth H of diffusion coefficient minimum valueExpandAnd permeability is minimum
The corresponding buried depth H in placeIt oozes, compare HIt inhales、HExpandAnd HIt oozesSize, depth capacity MAXH inhales, H expands, H oozesAnd minimum-depth
MINH inhales, H expands, H oozesBetween be solid and gas annulus position.
The regional shale samples in Peng River are acquired, are analyzed using the identifying system, subsystem is predicted using absorption tolerance
System does adsorption isothermal curve as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the adsorption isothermal curve of same shale samples at different temperatures.It can by Fig. 2
See, under the conditions of uniform pressure, temperature is higher, and the absorption tolerance of shale is smaller, illustrates that temperature has the adsorption capacity of shale
It is apparent to influence.
Following data can be obtained by further calculating：
Table 1
| Temperature (DEG C) | VL(m3/t) | PL(MPa) |
| 30 | 3.02 | 1.62 |
| 60 | 2.6 | 1.84 |
| 90 | 2.09 | 2 |
1 data of analytical table it is found that the sample Lan Shi volumes VL, Lan Shi pressure PLIt is closely related with temperature, related coefficient point
It not can reach 0.996,0.991 (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), temperature can be described using equation of linear regression to Lan Shi volumes, Lan Shi pressure
Quantitative effect.
Following regression equation can be obtained by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4：
VL=-0.015 × T+3.5 formulas (1)
PL=0.006 × T+1.44 formulas (2)
By formula (1) and formula (2) and Langmuir models Q=VLP/(PL+ P) it combines, so as to obtain absorption tolerance prediction
Formula
Q=(- 0.015 × T+3.5) P/ [(0.006 × T+1.44)+P] formula (3)
In formula (3), Q be shale temperature be T, pressure be under P-condition absorption tolerance, unit m3/ t, P are isothermal adsorption
Pressure, units MPa；T is temperature, unit DEG C.
Since the temperature on stratum, pressure condition and its buried depth are closely related, it is generally the case that buried depth is deeper,
The temperature and pressure on stratum is also higher, according to
Formation temperature T=H × A+C formulas (4)
Strata pressure P=H × B formulas (5)
In formula (4) and formula (5), H represents buried depth, unit m；A is geothermal gradient, and unit is DEG C/100m；C is normal
Number usually selects 20-25 DEG C, indicates surface temperature；B is reservoir pressure coefficient, and variation range is larger, usual 0.9-2.0MPa/
100m；
Formula (4), (5) and formula (3) are combined, you can be calculated different buried depths absorption tolerance Q=(- 0.015 ×
(H × A+C)+3.5) (H × B)/[(0.006 × (H × A+C)+1.44)+(H × B)] further, obtain shale samples adsorbed gas
Amount is with buried depth change curve.
Solid and gas effect analog subsystem obtains target zone shale permeability with buried depth by permeability simulated experiment
Change curve, and change curve of the target zone shale diffusion coefficient with buried depth is obtained by diffusion coefficient simulated experiment.
Permeability simulated experiment using triaxial stress permeability detector carry out, the simulated experiment with sample buried depth,
Density of earth formations calculates axial compressive force, and confining pressure is determined with Study on Rock Stress result, and hole is calculated with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth
Then pressure is experiment condition in axial compressive force, confining pressure and pore pressure, the permeability for carrying out sample under different buried depths is surveyed
Cover half draft experiment obtains shale samples oozing under tectonic derormation, crustal stress, suction-operated coupling condition under different buried depths
Saturating rate, and then obtain change curve of the permeability with buried depth.During the experiment, when pore pressure changes, with setting
Pore pressure is that measurement medium makes shale samples reach adsorption saturation with methane, and the time is not less than for 24 hours.
Wherein, axial compressive force=buried depth × density of earth formations；
Pore pressure=reservoir pressure coefficient × buried depth.
The diffusion coefficient simulated experiment is carried out using diffusion coefficient analyzer, and diffusion coefficient analyzer is mainly filled by pressurization
Set (including booster pump, confining pressure tracking pump etc.), Multifunctional core clamp holder (including heated constant temperature, nitrogen diffuser casing, methane diffusion
Room, core holding unit etc.), gas composition analytical equipment (chromatograph) and vacuum extractor composition.Diffusion coefficient analyzer is real
Testing process and principle is：Pressue device applies certain confining pressure to the sample in core holding unit, respectively will with certain pressure
Methane and nitrogen are filled in the methane diffuser casing and nitrogen diffuser casing at core holding unit both ends, are made since concentration is spread
With nitrogen gas concn incrementally increases in methane diffuser casing, and methane concentration is stepped up in nitrogen diffuser casing, and concentration changes by gas group
Part analytical equipment (chromatograph) is detected, and obtains the gas diffusion amount in certain time, further, is calculated and is existed by Fick's law
Diffusion coefficient under certain temperature, confining pressure and gas injection balanced pressure condition.The simulated experiment is close with sample buried depth, stratum
Degree calculates confining pressure；Gas injection, which is calculated, with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth balances pressure；In terms of formation temperature gradient, buried depth
It calculates experimental temperature and carries out the diffusion system of sample under different buried depths then under temperature, confining pressure and gas injection balanced pressure condition
Number measures simulated experiments, obtains under different buried depths shale samples under tectonic derormation, crustal stress, suction-operated coupling condition
Diffusion coefficient, and then obtain change curve of the diffusion coefficient with buried depth.During the experiment, gas injection balances pressure change
When, pressure is balanced with the gas injection set, makes shale samples reach adsorption saturation to measure medium with methane, the time is not less than
24h。
Wherein, confining pressure=buried depth × density of earth formations；
Gas injection balances pressure=reservoir pressure coefficient × buried depth；
Experimental temperature=formation temperature gradient × buried depth+surface temperature.
Solid and gas effect annulus recognition subsystem is spread according to the target zone shale gas obtained by absorption tolerance predicting subsystem
The permeability that coefficient is obtained with the change curve 2 of buried depth, by permeability simulated experiment with the change curve 3 of buried depth with
And the obtained diffusion coefficient of diffusion coefficient simulated experiment is with the change curve 4 and target zone buried depth sectional view 1 of buried depth
Superposition obtains solid and gas effect annulus identification plate as shown in Figure 1, determines the corresponding depth H of 2 maximum value of curveIt inhales, curve 3 is right
The minimum value H answeredIt oozes, the correspondence minimum value of curve 4 HExpand, further, compare HIt inhales、HIt oozesAnd HExpandSize, between minimum and maximum depth
Depth bounds be solid and gas effect annulus position.In Fig. 1, HExpandMinimum, HIt oozesMaximum, then the position of solid and gas effect annulus be
HIt oozes-HExpand。
It should be noted that Fig. 1 is only schematic diagram, complicated and diversified geology actual conditions can not be represented and cover, because
This, without restricted meaning.In addition, solid and gas effect annulus is based on remnants to oblique description, and for monocline, annulus can
Band can be shown as, therefore, annulus does not have restricted meaning.
Although hereinbefore having been made with reference to some embodiments, invention has been described, the present invention is not being departed from
In the case of range, various improvement can be carried out to it, the various features in presently disclosed each embodiment can lead to
The case where crossing any way to be combined with each other use, not combined in the present specification to these carries out the description of exhaustive only
It is for the considerations of omitting length and economizing on resources.Therefore, the invention is not limited in specific embodiments disclosed herein, but
Fall into all technical solutions of the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of shale gas reservoir solid and gas effect annulus identifying system, including：
Absorption tolerance predicting subsystem：By to target zone shale samples under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum shale absorption tolerance it is pre-
It surveys, establishes target zone shale absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve；
Solid and gas effect analog subsystem：By simulated experiment, target zone shale diffusion coefficient and permeability are established with buried depth
Change curve；
Solid and gas effect annulus recognition subsystem：Based on absorption tolerance with buried depth change curve, diffusion coefficient and permeability with
Buried depth change curve establishes solid and gas effect annulus identification plate, on solid and gas effect identification plate, determines that target zone adsorbs
Buried depth H corresponding to tolerance maximum valueIt inhales, the corresponding buried depth H of diffusion coefficient minimum valueExpandAnd permeability minimum place
Corresponding buried depth HIt oozes, compare HIt inhales、HExpandAnd HIt oozesSize, depth capacity MAXH inhales, H expands, H oozesWith minimum-depth MINH inhales, H expands, H oozesIt
Between be solid and gas annulus position.
2. identifying system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the absorption tolerance predicting subsystem establishes target zone
Shale absorption tolerance is with the method for buried depth change curve：By analyzing the isothermal adsorption data of sample, Lan Shi bodies are obtained
Product, the relationship of Lan Shi pressure and temperature determine shale samples absorption tolerance prediction technique in conjunction with Langmuir models, and combine mesh
Layer buried depth, geothermal gradient, reservoir pressure coefficient, establish under the Temperature-pressure Conditions of stratum target zone shale samples absorption tolerance with burying
Depth change curve.
3. identifying system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the shale absorption tolerance passes through following formula
Prediction obtains：
Q=(m × T+c) P/ [(n × T+d)+P]
Wherein, m and n is proportionality coefficient, and c and d are constant, and Q is prediction adsorbed gas of the shale in the case where temperature is T, pressure is P-condition
Amount, unit m3/ t, P are isothermal adsorption pressure, units MPa；T is temperature, unit DEG C.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them identifying systems, which is characterized in that the target zone shale samples adsorbed gas
It measures with the method for building up of buried depth change curve and is：The absorption tolerance of different buried depths is calculated according to the following formula, in turn
Shale samples absorption tolerance is obtained with buried depth change curve,
Q=(m × (H × A+C)+c) (H × B)/[(n × (H × A+C)+d)+(H × B)]
Wherein, Q is prediction absorption tolerance of the shale in the case where temperature is T, pressure is P-condition, unit m3/ t, m and n are ratio system
Number, c and d are constant, and H is buried depth, and unit m, A are geothermal gradient, and unit DEG C/100m, C is constant, indicate earth's surface temperature
Degree, B is reservoir pressure coefficient, units MPa/100m.
5. according to claim 1-4 any one of them identifying systems, which is characterized in that the solid and gas effect analog subsystem construction in a systematic way
Vertical target zone shale gas diffusion coefficient and permeability include with buried depth change curve：Mesh is obtained by permeability simulated experiment
Layer shale permeability with buried depth change curve, and by diffusion coefficient simulated experiment obtain target zone shale diffusion
Coefficient with buried depth change curve.
6. identifying system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the permeability simulated experiment uses under triaxial stress
Permeability detector carries out, and under the conditions of axial compressive force, confining pressure and pore pressure, carries out the infiltration of sample under different buried depths
Rate measures simulated experiment, obtains under different buried depths shale samples under tectonic derormation, crustal stress, suction-operated coupling condition
Permeability, and then obtain change curve of the permeability with buried depth.
7. identifying system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that permeability simulated experiment with sample buried depth,
Layer density calculates axial compressive force, and confining pressure is determined with crustal stress result, and pore pressure is calculated with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth.
8. according to claim 5-7 any one of them identifying systems, which is characterized in that the diffusion coefficient simulated experiment uses
Diffusion coefficient analyzer carries out, and under temperature, confining pressure and gas injection balanced pressure condition, carries out the expansion of sample under different buried depths
Coefficient determination simulated experiment is dissipated, shale samples under different buried depths is obtained and couples item in tectonic derormation, crustal stress, suction-operated
Diffusion coefficient under part, and then obtain change curve of the diffusion coefficient with buried depth；Preferably, the diffusion coefficient simulation is real
It tests and confining pressure is calculated with sample buried depth, density of earth formations；Gas injection, which is calculated, with reservoir pressure coefficient, buried depth balances pressure；With
Formation temperature gradient, buried depth experiment with computing temperature.
9. according to claim 1-8 any one of them identifying systems, which is characterized in that described to establish solid and gas effect identification plate
Method be：On the basis of target zone buried depth sectional view, superposition target zone shale absorption tolerance changes with buried depth
Curve, diffusion coefficient with buried depth change curve and permeability with buried depth change curve.
10. being determined on the evaluation of shale gas reservoir preservation condition, enrichment boundary according to claim 1-9 any one of them identifying system
And the application in Reservoir model research.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111983192A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method for quantitatively determining large-amount dissipation depth of syncline background shale gas |
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| WO2014003913A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Pore pressure measurement in low-permeability and impermeable materials |
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| WO2014003913A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Pore pressure measurement in low-permeability and impermeable materials |
| CN104713802A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Method and device for testing gas content of shale gas reservoir |
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