CN206410978U - A kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN206410978U CN206410978U CN201720066083.3U CN201720066083U CN206410978U CN 206410978 U CN206410978 U CN 206410978U CN 201720066083 U CN201720066083 U CN 201720066083U CN 206410978 U CN206410978 U CN 206410978U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus, it includes：Core holding unit, confined pressure pump, variable-volume upstream pressure room, variable-volume downstream pressure room, high-pressure air source, console and NMR；The gas outlet of the high-pressure air source passes sequentially through valve a, first pressure controller and valve b and is connected with the import of variable-volume upstream pressure room, and the outlet of variable-volume upstream pressure room is connected by valve c with core holding unit；Core holding unit is connected by valve d with the import of variable-volume downstream pressure room, and the outlet of variable-volume downstream pressure room is connected by valve f with pressure relief opening；Core holding unit is arranged on the measurement intracavitary portion of NMR.The utility model has the beneficial effect for the gas relative permeability that can quickly and efficiently measure tight rock.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus, belongs to gas relative permeability survey
Amount field.
Background technology
The natural gas resources of hypotonic compact reservoir occupy very big ratio in China's geological resource reserves.Accurate Determining
Calculating, dynamic analysis, numerical value of the physical property (such as gas phase relative permeability) of such reservoir rock to reservoir gas well yield
Simulation etc. is extremely important, but is difficult Accurate Determining tight rock gas water relative permeability at present.
The test of existing gas water relative permeability laboratory experiment is both referred to GB/T 28912-2012 (two phase flows in rock
Body phase is to permeability determination method), i.e., gas water relative permeability is determined with two methods of steady state method and cold store enclosure.Stable state
Method is that in certain flow ratio gas water is at the uniform velocity injected into rock sample, until rock sample imports and exports pressure at two ends and the gas water for passing through rock sample
When flow reaches that stabilization, and the water saturation of rock sample also no longer change, effective infiltration is directly calculated by Darcy formula
Rate and relative permeability；This method is adapted to the rock (easily reaching stabilization) of good penetrability, for tight rock due to stable
Time is oversize and invalid.
But, the measure of the gas water relative permeability of hypotonic tight rock is typically used in standard GB/T28912-2012
Cold store enclosure, be first to use water saturation test sample, with certain pressure or flow velocity injection gas displacement saturation water rock sample, note
Record displacement pressure, aquifer yield and gas production change with time relation, wherein paying special attention to observation and the note of water breakthrough time node
Record, and then calculate gas water relative permeability with J.B.N methods；Although this method shortens the testing time, improves test effect
Rate, however but have ignored capillary pressure influence (in compact reservoir capillarity very protrusion (refers to：capillary
Pressure and permeability relationships in tight gas sands [Wells etc., 1985]), and
Influence to gas water relative permeability is notable), the determination of water breakthrough time node in addition often exists delayed, and these all make to bring about the desired sensation/
Effective measure of water relative permeability can not be guaranteed.
Utility model content
Regarding to the issue above and not enough, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is：How to provide a kind of in consideration
Gas relative permeability can be quickly measured in the case of the effect of capillary pressure, typical measuring arrangements and its measurement can be reduced again
Method is easily caused the gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus of human error due to complex steps.
The utility model can be used for gas phase relative permeability and gas in gas water two phase fluid flow in measurement oil/gas two phase fluid flow
Phase relative permeability, gas phase relative permeability is illustrated in gas water two phase fluid flow below.
In order to solve the above problems, the utility model employs following technical scheme.
A kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus, it includes：Core holding unit, confined pressure pump, variable-volume
Upstream pressure room, variable-volume downstream pressure room, high-pressure air source, console and NMR；The core holding unit is built-in
Rock core is loaded with, core holding unit is provided with thermometer；
The gas outlet of the high-pressure air source passes sequentially through valve a, first pressure controller and valve b and variable-volume upstream
The import of balancing gate pit is connected, and the outlet of the variable-volume upstream pressure room passes through valve c and core holding unit front end phase
Connection；The rear end of core holding unit is connected by valve d with the import of variable-volume downstream pressure room, under the variable-volume
The outlet of trip balancing gate pit is connected by valve f with pressure relief opening；The rear end of core holding unit is connected by valve e with discharge outlet
Connect；The gas outlet of confined pressure pump passes sequentially through valve g and second pressure controller is connected with the front end of core holding unit；
Valve h is provided between the import of the front end of the core holding unit and the variable-volume downstream pressure room；
Upstream pressure sensor P1 for monitoring variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console；For
The downstream pressure sensor P2 of monitoring variable-volume downstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console；The variable-volume upstream
Differential pressure pickup, the differential pressure pickup are provided between the outlet and the import of the variable-volume downstream pressure room of balancing gate pit
Electrically connected with console；The thermometer is electrically connected with console.
Further, the core holding unit is arranged on the measurement intracavitary portion of NMR.
The utility model has the advantages that：(1) stabilization of flow in low permeability core is measured without devoting a tremendous amount of time
Flow velocity；(2) gas phase permeability under multiple saturation degrees can be obtained in a short time；(3) monitoring in real time and the stabilization of decision-making system
Property, and help to adjust testing scheme and test process, the presence of system and human error is avoided as far as possible.(4) examined in measurement process
Consider the effect of capillary pressure so that effective measure of gas water relative permeability is guaranteed.
In summary, the utility model is with the gas relative permeability that can quickly and efficiently measure tight rock
Beneficial effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
In figure, 1- valves a, 2- valve b, 3- valve c, 4- valve d, 5- valve e, 6- valve f, 7- valve g, 8- valve h,
Under 9- confined pressure pumps, 10- pressure controllers 1,11- pressure controllers 2,12- differential pressure pickups, 13- upstream pressure sensors, 14-
Trip pressure sensor, 15- thermometers, 16- discharge outlet, 17- pressure relief openings, 18- core holding units, 19- NMRs, 20- can
Variable volume upstream pressure room, 21- variable-volume downstream pressures room, 22- consoles, 23- high-pressure air sources.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1：The utility model is the device that a kind of cold store enclosure surveys gas relative permeability, apparatus structure feature
It is as follows：It it is main by core holding unit 18, confined pressure pump 9, variable-volume upstream pressure room 20, variable-volume downstream pressure room 21,
High-pressure air source 23, console 22 and NMR 19 are constituted；
The rock core for test is mounted with core holding unit 18, core holding unit is provided with thermometer.On variable-volume
Swim balancing gate pit 20 and the equal adjustable volume size in variable-volume downstream pressure room 21, and the volume of variable-volume upstream pressure room 20
More than variable-volume downstream pressure room 21, because the combination of upstream and downstream volume is different, can make total time that pressure pulse is propagated and
The overall presure drop that can be produced is had any different, therefore uses adjustable balancing gate pit, according to the different volume ratio in upstream and downstream balancing gate pit, with reference to
Actual conditions can more accurately measure the gas permeability under this saturation degree.
The gas outlet of high-pressure air source 23 is connected by valve a1 with the entrance of first pressure controller 10, first pressure control
The outlet of device 10 processed is connected by valve b2 with the import of variable-volume upstream pressure room 20, variable-volume upstream pressure room 20
Outlet be connected by valve c3 with the front end of core holding unit 18, the rear end of core holding unit 18 by valve d4 with it is variable
The import of volume downstream pressure room 21 is connected, and the outlet of variable-volume downstream pressure room 21 passes through valve f6 and the phase of pressure relief opening 17
Connection；The rear end of core holding unit 18 is connected by valve e5 with discharge outlet 16；The gas outlet of confined pressure pump 9 passes sequentially through valve
G7 and second pressure controller 11 are connected with the front end of core holding unit 18；The front end of the core holding unit 18 with it is described can
Valve h8 is provided between the import of variable volume downstream pressure room 21；
Upstream pressure sensor P113 for monitoring variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console 22；
Downstream pressure sensor P214 for monitoring variable-volume downstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console 22；Variable-volume
Differential pressure pickup 12, pressure difference are provided between the outlet and the import of the variable-volume downstream pressure room 21 of upstream pressure room 20
Sensor 12 is electrically connected with console 22；Thermometer 15 is electrically connected with console 22.
The utility model realizes and measured that its measuring principle is as follows with pressure pulse method：Gas phase is determined with pressure pulse method
To permeability, a certain amount of pulse first is applied to rock upstream, makes gas in rock interior one dimensional fluid flow, upstream pressure reduces,
Downstream pressure increase, can with the pressure differential and the relation curve and data of time to rock upstream and downstream.Based on Darcy's law with
And the continuity equation of gas, the numerical solution of the diffusion equation of gas can be obtained；Wink is explained with the numerical solution of diffusion equation
The experimental data that state impulse method is obtained, obtains the absolute permeability of the permeability of rock, i.e. rock.It will be put again after rock saturation water
Enter in core holding unit, nitrogen driven water-replacing is monitored with nuclear magnetic resonance device, now form β % water saturation, it is assumed that water is in reality
Will not be moved in testing, a certain amount of pulse is applied to upstream, can obtain the pressure differentials of rock upstream and downstream under this water saturation with
The relation curve and data of time, and then the apparent permeability of the permeability under this gas saturation, i.e. rock, gas can be obtained
Body phase is as follows to computing permeability formula：
Wherein：α is the slope for being fitted pressure differential and time relationship respectively twice, dimension s-1.μ is the viscosity of gas, dimension
mPa·s.L is rock sample length, dimension cm.fzIt is the coefficient related to nitrogen property, dimensionless.A is the sectional area of rock sample, amount
Guiding principle cm2。pmIt is pore pressure, dimension MPa.V1It is upstream water tank and pipeline, the cumulative volume of valve of rock sample upstream, dimension cm3。V2
It is water tank and pipeline, the cumulative volume of valve in rock sample downstream, dimension cm3。kabIt is absolute permeability.kapIt is gas phase permeability.kr
It is gas relative permeability.
The foundation of water saturation：The air water capillary pressure curve of the rock sample is measured, different hairs are chosen according to this from small to large
Gas phase under pipe pressure, one water saturation β % of each capillary pressure correspondence, each saturation degree that just measurement is chosen in an experiment
Permeability.One capillary pressure of each saturation degree correspondence, then the size of pulse is that △ P selection just has on one in an experiment
Limit, the pressure chosen in the size and capillary pressure curve of porosity is come the pressure difference △ p in contrived experiment and upper, variable-volume
The volume of downstream pressure room.
Core holding unit is placed in the instrument of nuclear magnetic resonance, state of the whole core holding unit all in hydrogen-free.
Upstream cumulative volume V is determined before test1With downstream cumulative volume V2。
The specific method that pressure pulse surveys gas relative permeability is divided into following steps：
The specific method that pressure pulse surveys gas relative permeability is divided into following steps：
S1, the rock core of drying is put into core holding unit, opens valve g7, applying setting to rock core with confined pressure pump 9 encloses
After pressure, by variable-volume upstream pressure room 20 and variable-volume downstream pressure room 21 be adjusted to most suitable volume size (namely
It is the value matched with rock sample pore volume), open valve h8, valve d4, valve c3, valve a1, valve b2, closing valve e5
With valve f6, pressure in system is applied to design load Pm, after system is stable (about two hours), close valve b2, valve
A1, valve c3 and valve h8, stay open valve d4；
S2, opening valve a1 and valve b2, apply a pulse, when on variable-volume to variable-volume upstream pressure room 20
When trip pressure chamber pressure rises and reaches the pressure set, valve a1, valve b2 are closed, variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure is treated
When power is stable, valve c3 is opened, until variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure and variable-volume downstream pressure chamber pressure tend to
When stable, stop experiment；
Computer on S3, console collects variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure force value P by data collecting card1、
Variable-volume downstream pressure chamber pressure force value P2, upstream and downstream pressure differential △ P and temperature t, draw upstream and downstream pressure differential △ P and time
Relation curve, and calculate slope1；
Calculated according to formula 1：Before saturation water, internal pressure PmUnder absolute permeability kab：
Wherein, α1Dimension be s-1；μ is the viscosity of gas, dimension mPas；L is rock sample length, dimension cm；fzBe with
The related coefficient of nitrogen property, dimensionless；A is the sectional area of rock sample, dimension cm2；PmIt is pore pressure, dimension MPa；V1It is rock
Upstream water tank and pipeline, the cumulative volume of valve of sample upstream, dimension cm3；V2Be the water tank and pipeline in rock sample downstream, valve it is total
Volume, dimension cm3；kabIt is absolute permeability；
S4, from core holding unit by rock core take out and saturation water (with reference to GB/T 28912-2012) afterwards again put back to rock core press from both sides
In holder 18, open NMR 19 and check that rock core includes whether water volume reaches saturation requirement and real-time monitored rock core contains
Water saturation, closes valve d4, valve f6 and valve h8, and corresponding displacement pressure is chosen with reference to the rock core air water capillary pressure curve
Difference, opens valve e5, valve c3, valve b2 and valve a1, with nitrogen flooding for the water in rock core, from from NMR
When reaching preset value β % to water saturation, valve e5 is closed, valve d4, valve f6 and valve h8, repeat step S1-S3 is opened,
Upstream and downstream pressure differential △ P and the relation curve of time are drawn, and calculates slope2；
Calculated according to formula 2：When water saturation is β % in rock core, internal pressure PmUnder permeability kap：
Wherein, α2Dimension be s-1；kapIt is apparent permeability；
Gas relative permeability k is drawn according to formula 3r：
S5, continuation replace the water in rock core with nitrogen flooding, repeat S4, and can obtain difference according to formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3
Gas phase permeability under water saturation.
Finally illustrate, above example is only unrestricted to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, although ginseng
The utility model is described in detail according to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this
The technical scheme of utility model is modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the objective and model of technical solutions of the utility model
Enclose, it all should cover among right of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that including：Core holding unit (18), confined pressure
Pump (9), variable-volume upstream pressure room (20), variable-volume downstream pressure room (21), high-pressure air source (23) and console (22)；
Rock core is mounted with the core holding unit (18), core holding unit (18) is provided with thermometer (15)；
The gas outlet of the high-pressure air source (23) passes sequentially through valve a (1), first pressure controller (10) and valve b (2) and can
The import of variable volume upstream pressure room (20) is connected, and the outlet of the variable-volume upstream pressure room (20) passes through valve c (3)
It is connected with the front end of core holding unit (18)；Pressed by valve d (4) and variable-volume downstream the rear end of core holding unit (18)
The import of power room (21) is connected, and the outlet of the variable-volume downstream pressure room (21) passes through valve f (6) and pressure relief opening (17)
It is connected；The rear end of core holding unit (18) is connected by valve e (5) with discharge outlet (16)；The outlet of confined pressure pump (9) is successively
It is connected by valve g (7) and second pressure controller (11) with the front end of core holding unit (18)；
Valve h is provided between the import of the front end and the variable-volume downstream pressure room (21) of the core holding unit (18)
(8)；
Upstream pressure sensor P1 (13) for monitoring variable-volume upstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console (22)；
Downstream pressure sensor P2 (14) for monitoring variable-volume downstream pressure chamber pressure force value is electrically connected with console (22)；It is described
Pressure difference is provided between the outlet of variable-volume upstream pressure room (20) and the import of the variable-volume downstream pressure room (21)
Sensor (12), the differential pressure pickup (12) electrically connects with console (22)；The thermometer (15) and console (22) electricity
Connection.
2. a kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rock
Heart clamp holder (18) is arranged on the measurement intracavitary portion of NMR (19).
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Cited By (10)
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| CN106814018A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-09 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus and method |
| CN107703037A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Visual detection device and method for high-temperature high-pressure natural gas transportation and gathering |
| CN108827853A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-16 | 西南石油大学 | Compact reservoir rock electrical measurement and measurement method based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN109085112A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring permeability of compact rock sample |
| CN109342287A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging gas-water steady-state seepage |
| CN109900614A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for measuring Oil in Super-low Permeability core permeability |
| CN109916799A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-21 | 西南石油大学 | Measure the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir |
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| CN113834762A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring gas-water relative permeability curve |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106814018A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-09 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of tight rock gas phase relative permeability measurement apparatus and method |
| CN107703037A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Visual detection device and method for high-temperature high-pressure natural gas transportation and gathering |
| CN109900614A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-06-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The method for measuring Oil in Super-low Permeability core permeability |
| CN108827853A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-16 | 西南石油大学 | Compact reservoir rock electrical measurement and measurement method based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN108827853B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2024-02-06 | 西南石油大学 | Nuclear magnetic resonance-based tight reservoir rock electric measurement device and measurement method |
| CN109085112B (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2023-08-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring permeability of compact rock sample |
| CN109085112A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring permeability of compact rock sample |
| CN109342287A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging gas-water steady-state seepage |
| CN109916799A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-21 | 西南石油大学 | Measure the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir |
| CN109916799B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-04-20 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental method for measuring unconventional dense gas reservoir spontaneous imbibition relative permeability |
| CN113834762A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring gas-water relative permeability curve |
| CN112730160A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-04-30 | 山东大学 | Transient test system for seepage evolution rule of low-permeability coal rock |
| CN112505085B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-04-09 | 西南石油大学 | Method for measuring porosity effective stress coefficient based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN112505085A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-03-16 | 西南石油大学 | Method for measuring porosity effective stress coefficient based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
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