CN109916799A - Measure the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir - Google Patents
Measure the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005311 nuclear magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses the experimental methods for measuring the unconventional spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of tight gas reservoir, comprising: (1) cleans, after drying the rock core for being derived from tight gas reservoir reservoir, measure its diameter D, length L, primary porosity φ0;(2) the absolute permeability K of rock core is obtained0With active porosity volume VP;(3) rock core after saturation water flooding is put into core holding unit, adds confining pressure, is warming up to formation temperature;(4) nitrogen, the stopping when water of displacement to rock core outlet end water gauge line is not further added by are injected into rock core;(5) at water drive pressure difference △ P, water is slowly injected into core holding unit, spontaneous imbibition water drive gas experiment is carried out, calculates the water phase relative permeability K of rock corerw, gas phase relative permeability KrgWith water saturation Sw, obtain the air water two-phase permeability saturation curve of the spontaneous imbibition water purging process of tight gas reservoir rock core.The present invention provides theoretical foundation for the measurement of tight gas reservoir residual gas saturation and the calculating of reserves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to during unconventional gas reservoir waterflooding development, the experimental method of spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability is measured.
Background technique
In recent years, as the requirement to sustainable development and energy demand is higher and higher, unconventional gas resource
More and more attention are received in the world.China has unconventional gas resource abundant, unconventional gas resource
In large scale and be far longer than conventional gas resource, accounting for global total petroleum resources amount is more than 80%.But it is developed and utilized
The starting stage is still within compared with many developed countries.The exploitation of tight gas reservoir undoubtedly will be helpful to alleviate global Oil Gas confession
The nervous situation answered not only has economic benefit, but also is conducive to improve environment, and the strategy for meeting China's sustainable development is wanted
It asks.China's unconventional petroleum resources potentiality are big, and development prospect is good, are an important directions of China's oil-gas exploration and development.
With tight gas reservoir continually develop and the continuous improvement of technical level, determine the relative permeability of tight rock
Curve, there are mainly two types of preparation methods: one is pass through experiment directly measurement (Fang Jianlong high temperature and pressure tight sand reservoir
Air water phase percolation curve test method Petroleum finance .2015,42 (1): 84-87), another kind is according to capillary pressure number
According to progress theoretical calculation (calculating of Xu Huanchang Imbibition Relative Permeability and its application grand celebration petroleum geology and exploitation .1987,6
(3):37-42)。
Spontaneous imbibition process is a highly important part during waterflooding development, and many domestic and international experts and scholars are directed to
The above problem conducts in-depth research (the hypotonic fine and close gas condensate reservoir seepage flow of Xue Honggang .LFS and the west reservoir damage research (D)
Southern University of Petroleum .2017;Zhou Fengjun flow in low permeability core imbibition experimental study complex reservoir .2009,2 (1): 54-56), by
In tight gas reservoir physical properties of rock is complicated, percolation law is abnormal the features such as, it is serious often to there is Water trapping damage, starts pressure
The problems such as gradient is high, and injection is difficult.
Spontaneous imbibition Gas And Water Relative Permeability measurement is an important parameter of monitoring and evaluation waterflooding development efficiency, the phase
The acquisition for seeping curve generallys use laboratory experiment test method, but since tight gas reservoir pore throat character is complicated, heterogeneity is strong,
Existing experiment test device and method Gas And Water Relative Permeability curve error obtained are larger.Therefore, how reasonably accurate
The spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir is measured, is had to deep understanding and research tight gas reservoir Properties of Water-gas Flowing Through Porous Media mechanism
Significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of for measuring the reality of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir
Proved recipe method, this method principle is reliable, easy to operate, provides for the measurement of tight gas reservoir residual gas saturation and the calculating of reserves
Theoretical foundation is of great significance to the gas recovery ratio for improving unconventional tight gas reservoir.
To reach the above technical purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
The present invention is measured with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to be sucked water under capillary pressure function and involves degree, utilizes gas stream
Dynamic monitor observes flowing gas state, row's purging body is collected using water pumping gas production method, by collected gas and nuclear magnetic resonance
Measurement result compares, and the measurement error of self-priming relative permeability is reduced, so that measured Gas And Water Relative Permeability data are more
Add accurate and reliable.
For measuring the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir, water drive gas experimental provision is utilized
It completes, which replaces pump, confining pressure pump, backpressure pump, moisture trap, perseverance by core holding unit, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, gas source, water drive
Incubator composition, the core holding unit connection Nuclear Magnetic Resonance equipped with full-hole core are simultaneously located in insulating box, rock core clamping
Device arrival end connects gas source and water drive by inlet pressure gauge respectively for pump, and water drive is sequentially connected with fluid flowmeter, centre for pump
Container, water container, core holding unit are also connected with confining pressure pump, and the outlet end of core holding unit is connected by delivery gauge respectively
Backpressure pump and moisture trap, moisture trap be both connected with water gauge line, were also connected with glass tube, gas gauge line, glass tube connection
Gas mobile monitoring instrument, gas gauge line are located in sink, this method successively the following steps are included:
(1) full-hole core for being derived from tight gas reservoir reservoir is cleaned, after drying, measures its diameter D, length L, archioporus
Porosity φ0;
(2) gas permeability is carried out to rock core, obtains the absolute permeability K of rock core0, weigh dry rock core weight W1, then will claim
Weight after rock core be put into vacuum pump, evacuate 4 hours, will rock core be saturated water flooding after continue to evacuate, until in rock core without gas
Bubble stops when overflowing, and the density of water flooding is ρw, weigh the rock core weight W after saturation water flooding2, so as to find out having for rock core
Imitate pore volume VP:
(3) rock core after saturation water flooding is put into core holding unit, is pumped using confining pressure and adds confining pressure to core holding unit,
The temperature of insulating box is increased to formation temperature T0, measure the stagnant pore volume V of the core holding unitd;
(4) gas source is opened, displacement pressure is increased to simulated formation pressure Pw, nitrogen, displacement to rock core is injected into rock core
The stopping when water of outlet end water gauge line is not further added by, from inlet pressure gauge, delivery gauge, gas gauge line, water gauge line
Available inlet pressure P respectively1, outlet pressure P2, volumetric flow of gas Vg, the volume Vw of water is displaced in rock core, utilizeCalculate irreducible water saturation SWS, it is effective that rock core gas phase under irreducible water saturation state is calculated using following formula
Permeability Kg (He Gengsheng reservoir physics petroleum industry publishing house .2011):
In formula: μ-gas viscosity, mPa.s,
L-rock core length, cm,
A-rock core cross-sectional area, cm2,
P0- atmospheric pressure, MPa;
Rock pore volume V under irreducible water saturation is calculated using following formulaP1(Yi Min cold store enclosure water drive gas phase is to infiltration
Rate curve experiments gas industry .2007,27 (10): 92-94):
(5) gas source is closed, the water drive for opening core holding unit arrival end replaces pump, will be in water container at water drive pressure difference △ P
Water by intermediate receptacle, be slowly injected into core holding unit, carry out spontaneous imbibition water drive gas experiment, pass through read access time
It is spaced the gas production Q in △ t in gas gauge linegWith the water yield Q in water gauge linew, rock core hole is obtained by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Self-priming water W in gap3, calculate the water phase relative permeability K of rock corerw, gas phase relative permeability KrgWith water saturation Sw
(%):
In formula: μw、μgWater phase, gaseous viscosity, ρ respectively under measuring temperaturew、ρgRespectively water phase, density of gas phase;From
And obtain the air water two-phase permeability saturation curve of the spontaneous imbibition water purging process of tight gas reservoir rock core.
Water drive pressure difference △ P (Yi Min cold store enclosure water drive gas relative permeability is calculated as follows in the step (in 5)
Curve experiments gas industry .2007,27 (10): 92-94):
In formula: σgw- gas-water interface tension.
In the step (5), self-priming water W in rock core hole is obtained by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance3, refer to: since nuclear-magnetism is total
Shake T2Spectral curve and abscissa (the size reflection H for the closing area that relaxation time t) is surrounded+(the H that water power separates out+) variation
Amount, in time interval △ t, can learn self-priming water W in rock core hole by the variation of the closing area3。
In the step (5), after sucking water due to rock core hole, gas of the script preservation in hole is displaced,
So sucking water is equal to the gas flow displaced, pass through nuclear magnetic resonance T2Spectral curve area change obtains the gas of accumulative displacement
Scale of construction Q1, the gas flow Q of accumulative discharge is collected by gas gauge line2, by Q1And Q2It compares, untilWhen terminate to test.
The present invention on core holding unit by connecting Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and water is in tight gas reservoir during can observing imbibition
The regularity of distribution inside rock core, passes through T2The variable quantity that closing area is constituted between spectral curve and relaxation time, learns sucking
Gas of the script preservation in hole is discharged for water, the water sucked in rock core hole, sucking water and discharge gas flow phase
Deng;Gas gauge line is located in sink, passes through the gas flow of water pumping gas production method metering discharge;Core holding unit is located at insulating box
Interior, experimental temperature remains unchanged.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the experimental method that conventional air water phase percolation curve obtains is tested frequently with gas drive water, the present invention passes through real in water drive gas
During testing, using reasonable water drive pressure difference △ P, capillary force is given full play to, the relative permeability of imbibition type gas and water is obtained
Curve calculates gained residual gas saturation and obviously increases;
2. in existing water drive gas experimental provision, due to the influence of gas original in pipeline and instrument leakproofness etc., gas
Metering inaccuracy causes experimental results error larger, and nuclear magnetic resonance is calculated gas flow Q by the present invention1Gentle gauge line adds up gas
Scale of construction Q2Comparison, untilWhen, experiment terminates, and calculates water phase, gas phase according to experimental result at this time
Relative permeability value error is smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for measuring the experimental provision of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir.
Fig. 2 is water drive gas process air water two-phase permeability saturation curve.
In figure: 1. core holding units;2. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance;3. confining pressure pumps;4. inlet pressure gauge;5. delivery gauge;6.
Throttle valve;7. water drive is for pump;8. fluid flowmeter;9. intermediate receptacle;10. water container;11. moisture trap;12. glass tube;
13. gas mobile monitoring instrument;14. sink;15. gas gauge line;16. water gauge line;17. backpressure pump;18. gas source;19. constant temperature
Case.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below according to attached drawing and example, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright.It should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, in the column of protection.
The experimental method for measuring the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir, it is complete using water drive gas experimental provision
At the device (see Fig. 1) is by core holding unit 1, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2, inlet pressure gauge 4, delivery gauge 5, gas source 18, water
Displacement pump 7, confining pressure pump 3, backpressure pump 17, moisture trap 11, insulating box 19 form, the rock core equipped with full-hole core
Clamper 1 connect Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2 simultaneously be located at insulating box 19 in, core holding unit arrival end pass through respectively inlet pressure gauge 4,
Throttle valve 6 connects gas source 18 and water drive for pump 7, and water drive is sequentially connected with fluid flowmeter 8, intermediate receptacle 9, water container for pump 7
10, core holding unit is also connected with confining pressure pump 3, and the outlet end of core holding unit passes through delivery gauge 5 respectively and connects backpressure pump 17
With moisture trap 11, moisture trap 11 is connected with water gauge line 16 and glass tube 12, gas gauge line 15, and glass tube 12 connects
Gas mobile monitoring instrument 13, gas gauge line 15 are located in sink 14.
A kind of experiment flow measuring the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir is as follows:
(1) certain unconventional practical full-hole core of tight gas reservoir of acquirement is cleaned, after drying, measures its diameter D=
70cm, length L=10cm, porosity φ0=8.5%, gas surveys absolute permeability K0=3.5mD, then with toluene add alcohol into
Row extracting cleaning, dries after cleaning up, then weighs dry rock core weight W1=40kg, then the rock core for weighing dry weight is put into
In vacuum pump, 4 hours are evacuated, rock core is saturated water flooding (density ρw) after be further continued for evacuating, until bubble-free in rock core
Stop when spilling, weighs the rock core weight W after saturated water2=43.4kg finds out the hole of rock core according to Saturate liquid density
Volume:
(2) rock core after saturated water is put into core holding unit 1, which is Vd=
9.89ml will be full of water flooding at room temperature in water container 10 and sink 14, gas source 18 is nitrogen cylinder (36MPa), close all
Valve, each instrument is connected according to shown in Fig. 1.
(3) after instrument is installed, using confining pressure pump 3 to core holding unit 1 plus confining pressure, and insulating box 19 is increased
Temperature to formation temperature T0=120 DEG C.
(4) gas source 18 is opened, displacement pressure is increased to simulated formation pressure Pw=36MPa, injects nitrogen into rock core and (protect
Holding injection pressure perseverance is 0.6MPa), displacement water into rock core outlet end water gauge line 16 is not further added by, and stops gas drive.Record
Inlet pressure gauge 4 reads P at this time1The reading P of=35.8MPa, delivery gauge 52=33.6MPa, volumetric flow of gas Vg=5*
104Ml, the interior volume for being displaced water of rock is Vw=189.7ml, calculates irreducible water saturation Sws, and utilize Darcy formula meter
Calculate rock core gas phase permeability Kg under irreducible water saturation state:
Under constant temperature, rock core hole 6 under irreducible water saturation) volume are as follows:
(5) gas source throttle valve 6 is closed, the water sample displacement pump 7 of 1 arrival end of core holding unit is opened, in displacement pressure differenceUnder, the water in water container 10 is passed through into intermediate receptacle 9, level meter
Meter 8 and displacement pump 7 are slowly injected into core holding unit 1, carry out spontaneous imbibition water drive gas experiment.In experimentation, nuclear-magnetism
Resonate T2(relaxation time s) surrounds closed area to spectral curve, and the size of the closing area mainly reflects H with abscissa+(water power
The H separated out+) variable quantity.In time interval △ t, pass through nuclear magnetic resonance T2(relaxation time s) is surrounded spectral curve with abscissa
Self-priming water W in rock core hole is read in the variation for closing area3=196ml.After a period of time t, pass through nuclear magnetic resonance T2It sets a song to music
Line area obtains the gas flow Q of accumulative displacement1=83ml, while the accumulative discharge gas flow Q being collected by gas gauge line2=
85ml, by Q1And Q2It compares, untilExperiment terminates, and calculates water phase, the phase of gas phase
To permeability value (being shown in Table 1), to obtain water drive gas process air water two-phase phase percolation curve (see Fig. 2).
1 rock core water phase of table, gas phase relative permeability calculated result
Claims (4)
1. measuring the experimental method of the unconventional spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of tight gas reservoir, completed using water drive gas experimental provision,
The device is by core holding unit (1), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2), inlet pressure gauge (4), delivery gauge (5), gas source (18), water drive
It is described that full-hole core is housed for pump (7), confining pressure pump (3), backpressure pump (17), moisture trap (11), insulating box (19) composition
Core holding unit (1) connection Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2) and be located at insulating box (19) in, core holding unit arrival end pass through respectively into
Mouth pressure gauge (4) connects gas source (18) and water drive for pump (7), and water drive, which is replaced to pump, is sequentially connected with fluid flowmeter (8), intermediate receptacle
(9), water container (10), core holding unit are also connected with confining pressure pump (3), and the outlet end of core holding unit passes through delivery gauge respectively
(5) backpressure pump (17) are connected and moisture trap (11), moisture trap is connected with water gauge line (16) gentle gauge line (15), it should
Method successively the following steps are included:
(1) full-hole core for being derived from tight gas reservoir reservoir is cleaned, after drying, measures its diameter D, length L, primary porosity
φ0;
(2) gas permeability is carried out to rock core, obtains the absolute permeability K of rock core0, weigh dry rock core weight W1, then will be after weighing
Rock core be put into vacuum pump, evacuate 4 hours, will rock core be saturated water flooding after continue to evacuate, until in rock core bubble-free overflow
Stop when out, the density of water flooding is ρw, weigh the rock core weight W after saturation water flooding2, so as to find out effective hole of rock core
Gap volume VP:
(3) rock core after saturation water flooding is put into core holding unit, is pumped using confining pressure and adds confining pressure to core holding unit, increased
The temperature of insulating box is to formation temperature T0, measure the stagnant pore volume V of the core holding unitd;
(4) gas source is opened, displacement pressure is increased to simulated formation pressure Pw, nitrogen is injected into rock core, displacement to rock core exports
The stopping when water of end water gauge line is not further added by is in control from inlet pressure gauge, delivery gauge, gas gauge line, water metering
Inlet pressure P1, outlet pressure P2, volumetric flow of gas Vg, the volume Vw of water is displaced in rock core, calculate irreducible water saturation
SWS, rock pore volume V under rock core gas phase effective permeability Kg, irreducible water saturation under irreducible water saturation stateP1;
(5) gas source is closed, opens the water drive of core holding unit arrival end for pump, at water drive pressure difference △ P, by the water in water container
It by intermediate receptacle, is slowly injected into core holding unit, carries out spontaneous imbibition water drive gas experiment, pass through read access time interval △
Gas production Q in t in gas gauge linegWith the water yield Q in water gauge linew, self-priming in rock core hole is obtained by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Water W3, calculate the water phase relative permeability K of rock corerw, gas phase relative permeability KrgWith water saturation Sw(%):
In formula: μw、μgWater phase, gaseous viscosity, ρ respectively under measuring temperaturew、ρgRespectively water phase, density of gas phase;L is rock core
Length, A are rock core cross-sectional area;
To obtain the air water two-phase permeability saturation curve of the spontaneous imbibition water purging process of tight gas reservoir rock core.
2. measuring the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir, feature as described in claim 1
It is, water drive pressure difference △ P is calculated as follows in the step (in 5):
In formula: σgwFor gas-water interface tension.
3. measuring the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir, feature as described in claim 1
It is, in the step (5), self-priming water W in rock core hole is obtained by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance3, refer to: nuclear magnetic resonance T2It sets a song to music
The size reflection H for the closing area that line and relaxation time t are surrounded+Variable quantity pass through the closing area in time interval △ t
Variation learn self-priming water W in rock core hole3。
4. measuring the experimental method of the spontaneous Imbibition Relative Permeability of unconventional tight gas reservoir, feature as described in claim 1
It is, in the step (5), rock core sucking water is equal to the gas flow displaced, and passes through nuclear magnetic resonance T2Spectral curve area becomes
Change and obtains the gas flow Q of accumulative displacement1, the gas flow Q of accumulative discharge is collected by gas gauge line2, by Q1And Q2It compares,
UntilWhen terminate to test.
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