CN104101563A - Portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device - Google Patents
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- CN104101563A CN104101563A CN201410328112.XA CN201410328112A CN104101563A CN 104101563 A CN104101563 A CN 104101563A CN 201410328112 A CN201410328112 A CN 201410328112A CN 104101563 A CN104101563 A CN 104101563A
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Abstract
The invention discloses portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device which comprises a drying chamber and a measuring chamber, wherein a temperature sensor I and a heating device I are arranged in the drying chamber, and a ventilation opening is formed in the side wall of the drying chamber; a temperature sensor II and a heating device II are arranged in the measuring chamber, and a weighing module is further arranged at the bottom of the measuring chamber; a stress sensor and a container rack are arranged in the weighing module and at the bottom of the measuring chamber, and the container rack is arranged above the stress sensor and is not contacted with the stress sensor; a container is fixed on the container rack; a rock sample suspension rack is arranged on the stress sensor, and a suspension rope is suspended on the rock sample suspension rack, is used for suspending a to-be-measured rock sample and extends deeply in the container; and the stress sensor is connected with a signal output end. The portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device can measure change relationship of the quality of a fracturing fluid absorbed by the rock sample at constant temperature and normal pressure over time, so that technical indexes such as the water absorption rate, capillary force, water absorption quantity and the like of the rock sample can be known from research of the spontaneous imbibition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, belong to oil-gas field development and Porous Media mechanism research field.
Background technology
Along with constantly verifying and tentative exploitation of unconventional gas resources, deepening continuously for the research of unconventional gas resources.At present, at compact reservoir, particularly, in the research of the saturating shale gas reservoir of low porosity and low permeability, evaluating the spontaneous imbibition intensity of reservoir rock is one of emphasis of research.First, because low permeability reservoir venturi is tiny, mostly be micro-nano rank, the spontaneous imbibition phenomena that capillary force causes is more more obvious than conventional reservoir, and the impact that reservoir is produced is larger.Secondly, the water-intake capacity of low permeability reservoir depends on the type of lithology, stratum and artificial filling liquid, need to carry out large batch of self-priming experiment, research compact reservoir and the manually interaction of filling liquid.Meanwhile, the general nonuniformity of low permeability reservoir is stronger, especially, in shale gas drilling process, need to repeatedly sample evaluation to the shale of Different Strata or same stratum diverse location.
Large-scale volume fracturing is one of gordian technique of exploitation compact reservoir, and different from conventional reservoir fracturing, compact reservoir fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) rate is often lower than 50%, and a large amount of fracturing liquids are trapped in stratum.It is not thoroughly mainly the delay that causes partial open liquid due to pore constriction trapping effect that conventional pressure break is returned row.At low permeability gas reservoir reservoir, particularly have in the shale reservoir of nanometer pore throat, because its pore throat is tiny, hollow billet effect strengthens greatly, fracturing liquid enters matrix by crack by self-priming effect, form water trap and cause fracturing liquid to be difficult for the row of returning, different fracturing liquids is due to differences such as its surface tension, wetting state, formation properties, and its self-priming difference between the effects is larger.The spontaneous imbibition phenomena of Study of Liquid, can provide guidance instruction for liquid selective, the design of hydraulic fracturing scheme etc. of tight gas reservoir pressure break, can provide basic research to the injury analysis of reservoir and the exploitation of fractured reservoirs simultaneously.
At present, by rock sample is processed into after Standard rock sample, rock sample is placed with in airtight core container, can be measured the water suction situation of rock.Be immersion in core container, and can measure the glass tube of the volume of water in one of a termination of cylinder, and monitor for liquid level in glass tube.After rock sample water suction, the liquid level in glass tube declines.By recording liquid level dropping distance over time, then by the product of glass tube cross-sectional area and liquid level falling head, the quality of computing rock suction water over time.
There is following shortcoming in said method: first, adopt this scheme to carry out the spontaneous imbibition experiment of rock core, need to be to rock sample through drilling through, after the flow process such as polishing processes, be made into standard rock core, obvious on-the-spot landwaste can not meet this scheme rock core and prepare requirement, if carry out the operations such as shaft bottom or side-wall coring, experimental cost will significantly promote.Secondly, if the spontaneous water absorbing capacity of rock is little, the defect error of this scheme can be apparent, because the diameter of glass tube is limited by manufacturing process, if too slightly, level change is not obvious, if too detailed rules and regulations glass tube itself will produce obvious hollow billet effect, make water surface lifting height too high, lab space and glass tube manufacturing process can not meet the demands, glass tube top must be communicated with atmosphere in addition, inevitably there is moisture evaporation in pipe, the gauge line page is declined, affect experimental result.Finally, rock can displace the gas of rock interior come with bubble form row in water absorption course, from the structure of experimental apparatus, can not ensure that bubble discharges from thin glass tube, has also affected the precision of experiment.
As can be seen here; conventional self-priming evaluation method need to be carried out assay by delivering to laboratory after rock core processing; often the cycle is long; and sample number is very few; representativeness to the stronger unconventional reservoir of nonuniformity is poor; therefore; need to invent a kind of equipment; this equipment can be evaluated the spontaneous imbibition ability of the compact reservoir rock of Different Strata or same stratum diverse location quick, easy, economically, to be applied to widely in volume fracturing fracturing fluid leak and the row's of returning analysis, compact reservoir evaluation and protection, water displacing oil gas reservoir and fractured reservoirs exploitation research.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism provided by the invention can be measured the of the fracturing fluid quality relation over time that rock sample sucks under constant temperature normal pressure, and then can, from studying spontaneous imbibition phenomena, understand the technical indicators such as this rock sample rate of water absorption, capillary force and water absorbing capacity.Consider the conditions such as the complicacy of situ of drilling well, measurement mechanism of the present invention makes every effort to simple and practical, facilitates on-the-spot Measurement and analysis.
Portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism provided by the present invention, comprises drying chamber and measuring chamber;
In described drying chamber, be provided with temperature sensor I and heating arrangement I, and the sidewall of described drying chamber is provided with ventilating opening;
In described measuring chamber, be provided with temperature sensor II and heating device II, and the bottom of described measuring chamber is also provided with a Weighing module;
Described Weighing module comprises strain gauge, receptacle stand, container, rock sample hanger bracket, outstanding rope and rock sample dish, described strain gauge and described receptacle stand are all located on the bottom of described measuring chamber, and described receptacle stand is located at the top of described strain gauge, and do not contact with described strain gauge; Described container is fixed in described receptacle stand; Described rock sample hanger bracket is located on described strain gauge, hangs described outstanding rope on described rock sample hanger bracket, and described outstanding rope is used for hanging rock sample to be measured, and deeply to described container; Described strain gauge is connected with signal output part.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, discontiguous setting between described receptacle stand and described strain gauge, makes the weight of described container walk around on the described strain gauge of bottom by described receptacle stand, and then is loaded on the bottom surface of described measuring chamber; And rock sample to be measured is by described outstanding rope and described rock sample hanger bracket, is loaded on described strain gauge, thereby realizes the mass change of utilizing described strain gauge directly to measure rock sample to be measured.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, the free-end of stating outstanding rope connects rock sample dish, and described rock sample dish is used for placing rock sample to be measured, and rock sample dish is immersed in the testing liquid in container, can realize the spontaneous imbibition of rock sample to testing liquid.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described ventilating opening is set mainly from the viewpoint of following two: first, by cross-ventilation, make described oven dry indoor temperature keep constant; If secondly ventilating opening is not set, in described drying chamber, just become a confined space, when in confined space when air heat, air heat expands and may change the air pressure in drying chamber, if have rock gas in rock core to be measured, after mixing with air, in confined space, may produce blast.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described rock sample hanger bracket can be an A-frame;
Described outstanding rope hangs on the top of described A-frame.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described rock sample dish is provided with cofferdam, and in the time that rock sample chance water is cracked, fragment can not spill described rock sample dish, ensures carrying out smoothly of experiments of measuring.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described outstanding rope is made of plastics, and its diameter is not more than 0.128mm; For changing in order to reduce the buoyancy that the variation of liquid volume brings that submerges of described outstanding rope after level change the measuring error causing, so crossing conference, the diameter of described outstanding rope cause error obvious.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described drying chamber and described measuring chamber are located in a casing;
The bottom of described casing is provided with shock attenuation device, so that metastable environment to be provided.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, on the perisporium of described drying chamber and described measuring chamber, all establish and be coated with heat-barrier material, to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described heating arrangement I is all connected with a radiator valve with described heating device II, for controlling the duty of electro-heat equipment, regulates the constant temperature in described drying chamber and described measuring chamber.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, described heating arrangement I and described heating device II are heating wire.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, the precision of described strain gauge can reach 0.1mg.
While utilizing measurement mechanism of the present invention to carry out the spontaneous imbibition measurement of rock sample, can carry out in accordance with the following steps:
1) first by collecting the rock fragment of collection in worksite to be measured, select sizeable fragment and clean, put into described drying chamber and dry, drying chamber temperature is made as 105 DEG C, and drying time is depending on rock sample size.The general quality of drying in latter six hours no longer changes and thinks rock drying.
2) open described strain gauge switch and computing machine, described signal output part is connected with computing machine, by the quality data over time of strain gauge output described in computer recording, ensure data energy normal transmission.Rock sample after drying is weighed to dry weight, hold device with described rock sample dish and fix rock sample, in described container, inject after testing liquid, described outstanding rope is connected with described rock sample hanger bracket and described rock sample dish respectively, described strain gauge is carried out to zero clearing, start to record rock sample water suction quality situation over time.
3) by the data analysis of computer recording, can draw the parameter such as self-priming capillary force, liquid rate of water absorption, complete the on-the-spot Lab-evaluation of the spontaneous imbibition of this rock sample.
Portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism tool provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1, portability, this device sets rock sample drying chamber, measuring chamber and signal output of one, can realize at situ of drilling well detritus sample is carried out to constant temperature drying, putting into fracturing liquid measures for its spontaneous imbibition process again, entirety is body structure, convenient carrying, and shock attenuation device is arranged at bottom, can adapt to situ of drilling well complex environment, ensure data precision.
2, not high to rock core shape need, rely on this experimental provision, only need the landwaste in drilling process just can evaluate the spontaneous imbibition ability of reservoir, do not need down-hole to get core, save testing cost.
3, simple to operate, while using this device to carry out spontaneous imbibition experiment, core quality temporal evolution can export computing machine to by signal output part, realizes automatic acquisition function.
4, the wetting phase saturation degree that can measure rate of water absorption α, intersection point place is that the time that displacement efficiency, intersection point are corresponding is the parameters such as the residual saturation of time swap T, non-wetting phase, and method is feasible.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Weighing module in the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the rock core fixed part of Weighing module in the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, each mark is as follows:
1 temperature sensor II, 2 measuring chambers, 3,12 heat-barrier materials, 4 heating device II, 5,9 radiator valves, 6 Weighing modules, 7 temperature sensor I, 8 heating arrangement I, 10 drying chambers, 11 casings, 13 ventilating openings, 14 shock attenuation devices, 15 signal output parts,
In Fig. 2, each mark is as follows:
16 rock sample hanger brackets, 17 outstanding ropes, 18 containers, 19 rock samples, 20 rock sample dishes, 21 receptacle stand, 22 strain gauges.
In Fig. 3, each mark is as follows:
17 outstanding ropes, 19 rock samples, 20 rock sample dishes.
Fig. 4 is the quality of utilizing the Absorb Water that measurement mechanism of the present invention the obtains change curve along with the time.
Fig. 5 utilizes the quality of the Absorb Water that measurement mechanism of the present invention obtains along with subduplicate change curve of time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
As shown in Figure 1, be portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism of the present invention, its structure comprises casing 11, is provided with drying chamber 10 and measuring chamber 2 in casing 11.Shock attenuation device 14 is arranged at the bottom of casing 11, for whole experimental facilities provides metastable environment.
In drying chamber 10, be provided with temperature sensor I7, heating arrangement I8 (heating wire) and radiator valve 9, radiator valve 9 is connected with heating arrangement I8, for controlling the duty of heating arrangement I8, to regulate the constant temperature in drying chamber 10, the temperature in temperature sensor I7 induction drying chamber 10; And on the surrounding wall of drying chamber 10, be coated with heat-barrier material 12, to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.There is ventilating opening 13 in the bottom of drying chamber 10, its effect is and air communication, utilize cross-ventilation to ensure the temperature constant of drying chamber 10, and prevent from forming confined space, because if there is no ventilating opening 13, when in confined space when air heat, air heat expands and may change the air pressure in drying chamber 10, if there is rock gas in rock core, after mixing with air, in confined space, may produce blast.
In measuring chamber 2, be provided with temperature sensor II1, heating device II 4 and radiator valve 5, radiator valve 5 is connected with heating device II 4, for controlling the duty of heating device II 4, to regulate the constant temperature in measuring chamber 2, the temperature in temperature sensor II1 measurement of inductance chamber 2; And on the surrounding wall of measuring chamber 2, be coated with heat-barrier material 3, to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.Be provided with Weighing module 6 in the bottom of measuring chamber 2.
In the present invention, the structure of Weighing module 6 as shown in Figure 2, it comprises strain gauge 22, rock sample hanger bracket 16, outstanding rope 17, rock sample dish 20, container 18 and receptacle stand 21, wherein, receptacle stand 21 and strain gauge 22 are all located on the bottom of measuring chamber 2, and receptacle stand 21 is located at the top of strain gauge 22, and do not contact with strain gauge 22, rock sample hanger bracket 16 is located at strain gauge 22, container 18 is located in receptacle stand 21, so arrange, the weight of container 18 is walked around the strain gauge 22 of bottom by receptacle stand 21, be loaded on the bottom of measuring chamber 2.As shown in Figure 3, rock sample dish 20 is immersed in the liquid in container 18, after rock sample 19 is clamped by rock sample dish 20, be suspended on rock sample hanger bracket 16 by outstanding rope 17, rock sample hanger bracket 16 is loaded on strain gauge 22, and strain gauge 22 is connected with signal output part 15.Like this, rock sample 19 sucks after testing liquid, sucking testing liquid quality can be delivered on strain gauge 22 by outstanding rope 17 and sample hanger bracket 16 over time, strain gauge 22 changes stress into electric signal over time, and by signal output part 15, electric signal is inputted to computing machine and carry out subsequent treatment.
While utilizing measurement mechanism of the present invention to carry out the spontaneous imbibition measurement of rock sample, can carry out according to following step:
1) first by collecting the rock fragment of collection in worksite to be measured, select sizeable fragment and clean, put into drying chamber 10 and dry, drying chamber temperature is made as 105 DEG C, and drying time is depending on rock sample size.The general quality of drying after six hours no longer changes and thinks rock drying.
2) open switch and the computing machine of strain gauge 22, signal output part 15 is connected with computing machine, the quality of exporting by computer recording strain gauge 22 data over time, guarantee data energy normal transmission.Rock sample after drying is weighed to dry weight, hold the fixing rock sample of device with rock sample dish 20, after the interior injection testing liquid of container 18, will hang rope 17 and be connected with rock sample hanger bracket 16 and rock sample dish 20 respectively, counter stress sensor 22 carries out zero clearing, starts to record rock sample water suction quality situation over time.
3) by the data analysis of computer recording, can draw the parameter such as self-priming capillary force, liquid rate of water absorption by Handy model correlation formula, complete the on-the-spot Lab-evaluation of the spontaneous imbibition of this rock sample.
Test to illustrate the result of use of the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism of the present invention below with concrete compact reservoir Absorb Water.
Compact reservoir Absorb Water experiment: fluid is distilled water; Be parallel to stratum direction and core and be of a size of Φ 2.5 × 1.2cm, it is 9.64% that gas is surveyed factor of porosity, and perm-plug method is 0.0128md, and clay mineral total amount is 33.7%, and wherein chlorite accounts for 98wt%, containing a small amount of illite; Use epoxy resin sealing cylinder and an end face, only stay one side Absorb Water.According to above-mentioned steps, use the present invention portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism to carry out experiments of measuring, record rock core water absorbing capacity situation over time, the quality of Absorb Water along with the change curve of time as shown in Figure 4.
According to Handy (1960) model, can solve the rate of water absorption in unit area:
M in formula---water suction quality/g;
Area/the m of S---water-absorption surface
2;
T---absorbent time/s;
α---rate of water absorption/(g/ (m
2﹒ s
0.5))
Therefore after data processing, the quality of Absorb Water along with subduplicate change curve of time as shown in Figure 5.
By above-mentioned processing, according to correlation formula, the parameter that can solve comprises:
1, rate of water absorption α=72.36g/ (m
2﹒ s
0.5);
2, the wetting phase saturation degree at intersection point place is that displacement efficiency is 81.01%;
3, the time that intersection point is corresponding is that time swap T is 24025s;
4, the residual saturation of non-wetting phase is 18.99%.
Can be determined by above-mentioned, the wetting phase saturation degree that portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism provided by the invention can be measured rate of water absorption α, intersection point place is that the time that displacement efficiency, intersection point are corresponding is the parameters such as the residual saturation of time swap T, non-wetting phase; And not high to rock core shape need, rely on measurement mechanism of the present invention, only need the landwaste in drilling process just can evaluate the spontaneous imbibition ability of reservoir, do not need down-hole to get core, save testing cost; Use the simple to operate of measurement mechanism of the present invention, while carrying out spontaneous imbibition experiment, core quality temporal evolution can export computing machine to by signal output part, realizes automatic acquisition function.
Claims (8)
1. a portable spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism, is characterized in that: described imbibition measurement mechanism comprises drying chamber and measuring chamber;
In described drying chamber, be provided with temperature sensor I and heating arrangement I, and the sidewall of described drying chamber is provided with ventilating opening;
In described measuring chamber, be provided with temperature sensor II and heating device II, and the bottom of described measuring chamber is also provided with a Weighing module;
Described Weighing module comprises strain gauge, receptacle stand, container, rock sample hanger bracket, outstanding rope and rock sample dish, described strain gauge and described receptacle stand are all located on the bottom of described measuring chamber, and described receptacle stand is located at the top of described strain gauge, and do not contact with described strain gauge; Described container is fixed in described receptacle stand; Described rock sample hanger bracket is located on described strain gauge, hangs described outstanding rope on described rock sample hanger bracket, and described outstanding rope is used for hanging rock sample to be measured, and deeply to described container; Described strain gauge is connected with signal output part.
2. spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the free-end of described outstanding rope connects rock sample dish, and described rock sample dish is used for placing rock sample to be measured.
3. spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described rock sample hanger bracket is an A-frame;
Described outstanding rope hangs on the top of described A-frame.
4. according to the spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described rock sample dish is provided with cofferdam.
5. according to the spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described outstanding rope is made of plastics, and its diameter is not more than 0.128mm.
6. according to the spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described drying chamber and described measuring chamber are located in a casing;
The bottom of described casing is provided with shock attenuation device.
7. according to the spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: on the perisporium of described drying chamber and described measuring chamber, all establish and be coated with heat-barrier material.
8. according to the spontaneous imbibition measurement mechanism described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described heating arrangement I is all connected with a radiator valve with described heating device II.
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