CN1605852A - Testing method and testing instrument for imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body - Google Patents
Testing method and testing instrument for imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body Download PDFInfo
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- CN1605852A CN1605852A CN 200410096187 CN200410096187A CN1605852A CN 1605852 A CN1605852 A CN 1605852A CN 200410096187 CN200410096187 CN 200410096187 CN 200410096187 A CN200410096187 A CN 200410096187A CN 1605852 A CN1605852 A CN 1605852A
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Abstract
The present invention is the measurement method and instrument for the infiltration characteristic of composite material reinforcement. The instrument includes test unit, temperature controller, computer and the infiltration curve controlling execution program stored in the computer. The temperature controller has temperature measuring end contacted to the measured liquid, and the computer is connected with the sensor. The test unit has heat isolating casing with top cover, lower part installed on horizontal stabilizer and flute for observation door to slide on, observation window, elevator on the stabilizer, container on the elevator, sensor installed inside the top cover and connected with the mass transfer wire and the sample setter and connected with computer, operation stage and power switch. The instrument can test the mass variance of the liquid infiltrating the composite material reinforcement in different time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of testing tool and method of testing, specifically, be meant a kind of testing tool and method of testing that the infiltration quality of multi-form enhancing body (as: fiber, fabric, particle, powder, felted and flaky material) is obtained its imbibition characteristic by test liquid (comprising micromolecule liquid and resin).
Background technology
In the composite material forming process, wellability good between resin and the enhancing body has important effect, and it is the prerequisite that obtains good interface, thereby provides condition precedent for improving composite property and stability.Owing to can not flow in the surface of solid (as strengthening body), can not directly record its surface energy, therefore generally obtain table (boundary) the face performance of solid (as the enhancing body) by the contact angle of test liquid and solid (as strengthening body), this is to obtain solid table (boundary) face performance one of effective method the most at present.
Yet fiber and Powdered enhancing body have higher specific surface area, and directly the contact angle of test liquid and this two classes material is very difficult.And because the surface state of fiber is inhomogeneous in the longitudinal direction, the fitting operation difficulty of fibre single thread, cause reasons such as surface contamination easily, cause the test result poor repeatability, therefore still do not have the method and apparatus of generally acknowledged accurate mensuration liquid so far fiber and Powdered enhancing body wetting property.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of testing tool, and this testing tool can be tested the different mass change situations of liquid-soaked composite material reinforcement body constantly.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of testing that characterizes resin-fiber wetness energy.By measure liquid (comprising micromolecule liquid and resin) under condition of different temperatures multi-form enhancing body as: the capillary of fiber, fabric, particle, powder, felted and flaky material is soaked into quality over time, by information acquisition, processing and display system data are carried out computing and obtain the wetting property parameter, resin soaks into and permeance property in the capillary of the porous medium of fibre reinforcement formation in the Composite Preparation process thereby characterize.
The method of testing of a kind of imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body of the present invention, at least comprise the sample-placing device that sample is housed is put into testing tool, and the process of testing tool being carried out the system initial state processing, composite material reinforcement body in its sample-placing device enters the liquid level 1～3mm of test liquid, and test liquid soaks into along the parallel fibers direction or along the vertical fibers direction.
The method of testing of described imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body, its test liquid can be put the sample variable density with fiber to fiber wetness.
The method of testing of described imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body, its test liquid can carry out the wetting property test to composite material reinforcement body under condition of different temperatures.
A kind of imbibition characteristic tester of the present invention comprises tester, temperature regulating device, computing machine three parts, and temperature regulating device contacts with test liquid, and computing machine is communicated with sensor.
Described calculator memory contains drawdown curve control executive routine; Drawdown curve control executive routine adopts Visual Basic6.0 language to programme, and carries out serial communication response, setting reference time, curve processing and data and preserves four functions.
Described temperature regulating device, comprise first thermopair, second thermopair and be installed in the interior hardware circuit board of control box, the thermometric end of first thermopair contacts with test liquid, thermometer in the other end and the control box is connected, second thermopair is installed between vessel and the heating jacket and with the heating jacket inwall and contacts, temperature controller in the other end and the control box is connected, and control box is provided with design temperature display window and fluid temperature display window.
Described tester, comprise heat insulation shell, loam cake, horizontal stabilizer, sensor, container, lifting table, sample-placing device, the upper end of heat insulation shell is provided with loam cake, the lower end of heat insulation shell is installed on the horizontal stabilizer, offer view window on the heat insulation shell, on the horizontal stabilizer lifting table is installed in the heat insulation shell, is placed with container on the lifting table; The heat insulation shell outer is provided with for observing the groove that door slides on the horizontal stabilizer, and there is 1～5mm spacing groove and heat insulation shell outer; Sensor is installed in the loam cake, and the contact jaw of sensor is connected with the mass transfer lead, and the other end of mass transfer lead is connected with sample-placing device, and the output terminal of sensor is connected with computing machine; Container is made of vessel, heating jacket, heating wire, and heating wire is installed in the heating jacket, and heating jacket is wrapped in the outer wall of vessel, is loaded with the test liquid that is used to test usefulness in the vessel; Offer the hole and the power switch of fitting operation platform on the side of horizontal stabilizer, operator's console is provided with display screen and function button.
Described imbibition characteristic tester, its operator's console also can be installed in the top of heat insulation shell.
Described imbibition characteristic tester, its sample-placing device can be tubular structure, clamp structure and barrel-like structure.
Described imbibition characteristic tester, its heat insulation shell is a hollow double-layer structure, is filled with cellular insulant in the hollow layer and is provided with lead.
Described imbibition characteristic tester, its test liquid can be micromolecule liquid or resin.Micromolecule liquid can be water or normal hexane or normal heptane or n-decane or ethanol or glycerine; Resin can be or epoxy series plastics or bimaleimide resin or phenolics.
The advantage of testing tool of the present invention: (1) adopts the sample-placing device of different structure can test liquid to strengthen wetting property in the body in particle, powder, felted and sheet, also can change simultaneously the sample loading mode of putting of fabric, test liquid is soaked into along the parallel fibers direction or along the fiber vertical direction; (2) can change along the parallel fibers direction or along the fiber of fiber vertical direction and put sample density; (3) by being connected of computing machine and sensor, can show liquid-soaked quality and infiltrating time variation relation curve in real time; (4) test result is accurate, and is easy to operate, and test data is reusable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another kind of structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sample-placing device.
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram of container and temperature regulating device.
Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of temperature regulating device.
Fig. 6 is quality test display interface figure.
Fig. 7 is the drawdown curve control flow chart.
Fig. 8 is a kind of schematic appearance of tester of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. heat insulation shell 101. horizontal stabilizers 102. loam cakes 103. operator's console
104. power switch 105. grooves 106. view windows 2. sensors 3. holes 4. containers
401. vessel 5. lifting tables 8. test liquids 9. sample-placing devices 901. mass transfer leads
902. upper plate 903. lower plates 904. double-screw bolts 905. stavings 906. microporous plastic sheets
1101. heating jacket 1102. heating wire 1103. control boxs 1104. design temperature display windows
1105. fluid temperature display window 1106. first thermopairs 1107. second thermopairs
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The capillary rise method, be by testing different liquid constantly at wicking quality or the height in the porous medium of fiber and powder formation under the capillary action, applied fluid mechanics and table (boundary) face scientific basic principle calculates contact angle, is the main method that is used to test fiber and dusty material and liquid contact angle at present.In method of testing of the present invention, adopt similar method to carry out the imbibition characteristic of specimen equally, but be different from common capillary rise method.Its improvement is only sample to be immersed to realize the liquid level 1～3mm of test liquid continuous image data, and figure-of-merit curve is shown on the computing machine in real time.
Imbibition characteristic method of testing in the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) opens temperature regulating device test liquid is heated, and remain on design temperature;
(2) sample is packed in the sample-placing device 9;
(3) whether conducting of detecting sensor and computing machine, and set acquisition parameter;
(4) by operator's console initialization system original state;
(5) regulate lifting table, make enhancing body in the sample-placing device 9 enter the liquid level 1～3mm of test liquid 8;
(6) test beginning, the sensor acquisition data, computer processing data is observed drawdown curve;
(7) data acquisition is finished, and turns off temperature regulating device, sensor by operator's console;
(8) computing machine carries out data storage, end of test (EOT).
In test process, the test liquid temperature can be set between the room temperature to 200 ℃, heats by temperature regulating device.
In test process, regulate lifting table sample is contacted with the liquid level of test liquid, be the important means that guarantees the continuous acquisition data.Sample can soak into sample along the parallel fibers direction or along the vertical fibers direction with dark contact of liquid level.
See also shown in Figure 7, when conducting detects to sensor and computing machine, conducting, then the parameter of setting by the keyboard of computing machine has: infiltrating time, soak into quality, infiltrating time at interval, fiber type, filament diameter, volume content, the resin kind, viscosity, temperature, processing capacity that the utilization computing machine has and the software of developing specially for this testing tool---drawdown curve control executive routine, image data can be shown in real time for operator's observation to obtain soaking into parameter, the capillary of composite material reinforcement body be soaked into thereby characterize different liquids, the infiltration complexity.
In the present invention, can store, help utilization once more the data after the test.Reduced the wasting of resources that the repeatability of test causes like this.
Imbibition characteristic tester of the present invention is meant a kind of tester that the infiltration quality of multi-form enhancing body (as fiber, fabric, particle, powder, felted and flaky material) is obtained its imbibition characteristic by test liquid (comprising micromolecule liquid and resin).
Imbibition characteristic tester of the present invention is made up of tester, temperature regulating device and computing machine and drawdown curve control executive routine three parts that are stored in the computing machine, will illustrate respectively each several part below.
In the present invention, the minimalist configuration of computing machine is more than 486, and operating platform is Windos98,2000, XP, and the drawdown curve control executive routine that is stored in the computing machine adopts Visual Basic6.0 language to programme.The RS232 communication interface of electro magnetic force sensor 2 output terminals is connected on the computer by serial, and, after drawdown curve control executive routine calculates, handles, be shown on the computer screen and the data file that generates of storage automatically with the infiltration qualitative data information transmission of the multi-form enhancing body drawdown curve control executive routine to the computing machine.
See also shown in Fig. 1,8, in the present invention, tester comprises heat insulation shell 1, loam cake 102, horizontal stabilizer 101, electro magnetic force sensor 2, container 4, lifting table 5, sample-placing device 9, heat insulation shell 1 is a hollow double-layer structure, is furnished with power lead, transfer wire etc. and cellular insulant in heat insulation shell 1 hollow bilayer.The upper end of heat insulation shell 1 is provided with loam cake 102, and the lower end of heat insulation shell 1 is installed on the horizontal stabilizer 101, offers view window 106 on the heat insulation shell 1, and view window 106 slides in groove 105 by a glass door and realizes opening and closing.On the horizontal stabilizer 101 lifting table 5 is installed in the heat insulation shell 1, is placed with container 4 on the lifting table 5; Heat insulation shell 1 outer is provided with for observing the groove 105 that door slides on the horizontal stabilizer 101, and groove 105 has 3mm with heat insulation shell 1 outer spacing, observes door approximately greater than view window 106, to make things convenient for Sealed Observation Window 106 heat in the tester is not caused damage; Electro magnetic force sensor 2 is installed in (being in the outer bottom of heat insulation shell 1 upper end) in the loam cake 102, the contact jaw of electro magnetic force sensor 2 is connected with single, the other end of single is connected with sample-placing device 9, the RS232 communication interface of electro magnetic force sensor 2 output terminals is connected on the computer by serial, the connection road of sensor and computing machine can export the infiltration qualitative data information of the tested enhancing body of sensor acquisition to the drawdown curve control executive routine that is stored in the computing machine, processing by this control executive routine is characterized on the display screen, observes the imbibition characteristic of tested enhancing body in mode comparatively intuitively.Have a hole 3 on the ipsilateral of horizontal stabilizer 101 and view window 106, operator's console 103 is installed in the hole 3, power switch 104 also is located on the side of horizontal stabilizer 101, operator's console 103 is provided with display screen and function button, by operation, realize data setting, zero clearing, data importing etc. to tested enhancing body to operator's console 103.See also shown in Figure 4, container 4 is made of vessel 401, heating jacket 1101, heating wire 1102, heating wire 1102 is installed in the heating jacket 1101, and heating jacket 1101 is wrapped in the outer wall of vessel 401, is loaded with the test liquid 8 that is used to test usefulness in the vessel 401.In temperature regulating device, comprise an E type thermopair 1106, the 2nd E type thermopair 1107 and be installed in hardware circuit board (as shown in Figure 5) in the control box 1103, the thermometric end of the one E type thermopair 1106 contacts with test liquid 8, and the XST/C-H type thermometer input end of the measurement temperature in the output terminal of an E type thermopair 1106 and the control box 1103 is connected; The 2nd E type thermopair 1107 is installed between vessel 401 and the heating jacket 1101 and with heating jacket 1101 inwalls and contacts, and the 2nd E type thermopair 1107 output terminals are connected with XSC/B-F type PID temperature controller input end in the control box 1103.Control box 1103 is provided with design temperature display window 1104 and fluid temperature display window 1105.When test liquid 8 temperature that show in the fluid temperature display window 1105 were lower than design temperature in the design temperature display window 1104, XSC/B-F type PID temperature controller just output current made 1102 pairs of test liquids of heating wire 8 carry out heat temperature raising.In the present invention, the temperature of setting in the design temperature display window 1104 is with the difference of test liquid 8, temperature as 618 epoxy resin is set at 80 ℃, then test liquid 8 temperature should remain under this temperature conditions, but because factors such as heat radiation can cause the loss of heat, when the temperature of test liquid 8 is lower than 0.5 ℃ of design temperature, K switch 2 closures of XSC/B-F type PID temperature controller, and to vessel 401 heating; When the temperature of test liquid 8 was higher than 0.5 ℃ of design temperature, the K switch 2 of XSC/B-F type PID temperature controller disconnected, and stops vessel 401 heating.RD
1And RD
2Be fuse, avoid short circuit phenomenon to take place.XSC/B-F is the PID temperature controller, and terminals 1 and 2 are for it provides 220V AC power, and whether are terminal 13 and 14 output currents control solid-state relay SSR conducting, terminal 9 and 10 respectively with E type thermopair TC
1Both positive and negative polarity join.XST/C-H is a temperature measuring instrument, and terminal 15 and 16 is for it provides 220V AC power, terminal 1 and 2 respectively with E type thermopair TC
2Both positive and negative polarity join.
Under the constant situation of one-piece construction, operator's console 103 also can be installed in the upper side (as shown in Figure 2) of heat insulation shell 1.Generally, operator's console 103 faces the operator, that is to say, operator's console 103 and glass door direction are in the same way.
Drawdown curve control executive routine in the present invention adopts Visual Basic6.0 language to programme.Visual Basic language is the language to event programme, and primary structure is exactly the response to incident.This program mainly realizes four functions: serial line interface (serial ports) communication, reference time, curve processing and data are preserved.Serial communication function is to utilize the MScomm control, by serial ports of computers quality test system and temperature control system is sent instruction, and receives its data signals transmitted.Be to utilize the timer control to obtain precise time reference time, thereby provide time signal to data collection and display part.The curve processing function is that the transformation of data that will gather is a coordinate figure, utilizes the PSet method that point is drawn in the coordinate system in the Picturebox control.The data hold function is to generate a data file by the read write command to file, and data and the experiment parameter of gathering is saved in the data file.Behind the program start, the timer control just picks up counting, and just triggers a timer_timer () incident at regular intervals.Program is exactly to send from serial ports the sensor acquisition instruction by the MScomm control to the response of this incident, and it is presented on the running software interface.After the experiment beginning, logging program begins, and then opening one is the data file of filename with the experimental period, and experiment parameter is all write.Another time control picks up counting, and is presented at the running software interface.Experiment finishes, and after program stops, closing data file, and sampling is still carried out, until quitting a program.The program run interface mainly shows drawdown curve Real Time Observation part as shown in Figure 6 on the display screen of program run computer-chronograph, systems control division divides and the experiment parameter recording section.The drawdown curve Real Time Observation partly is positioned at the centre of display screen, can carry out Real Time Observation to drawdown curve, understands the situation of carrying out of soaking into.The systems control division branch is positioned at the bottom of display screen, can send various instructions to measuring system, and demonstration time and infiltration quality.The experiment parameter recording section is positioned at the display screen right side, fills in some parameters about this experiment, and is saved in the final data file.
In the present invention, if fibrous bundle is carried out the imbibition characteristic test, can adopt the sample-placing device 9 of tubular structure.Several bundles or tens bundle fibers are put into the sample-placing device 9 of tubular structure, can observe the wetting property of test liquid along the parallel fibers direction.By the electro magnetic force sensor 2 that connects on silk thread or tinsel mass transfer lead 901 1 ends these up to ten thousand filaments are carried out being presented on the computer screen in real time in the mass change of difference moment liquid-soaked.
In the present invention, if fabric is carried out the imbibition characteristic test, can adopt the sample-placing device 9 of clamp structure.The sample-placing device 9 of this clamp structure forms quadrilateral structure by four double-screw bolts 904 by the end that nut is installed in sample-placing device upper plate 902 and sample-placing device lower plate 903, and sample-placing device upper plate 902 and sample-placing device lower plate 903 are provided with the hole.When testing, fabric in layer is tiled in the anchor clamps,, can observes the wetting property of test liquid along the vertical fibers direction by the combination of electro magnetic force sensor 2 with computing machine and drawdown curve control executive routine.The different mass change of liquid-soaked constantly are presented on the computer screen in real time.
In the present invention, if dusty material is carried out the imbibition characteristic test, can adopt the sample-placing device 9 of barrel-like structure.The sample-placing device 9 of barrel-like structure is to be provided with microporous plastic sheet 906 in staving 905 bottoms, and microporous plastic sheet 906 is provided with micropore, and microporous plastic sheet 906 can adopt polyester plastics to make.
In the composite material forming process, dissimilar resin systems is to the prepared composite property of the different directly influences of the immersional wetting that strengthens body, so selecting the test liquid 8 that soaks sliding characteristic tester in the present invention for use is to decide according to the matrices of composite material that will prepare, general resene test liquid can be chosen epoxy series plastics, bimaleimide resin, phenolics etc.In order to contrast with other method of testing, micromolecule class testing liquid 8 also can adopt water, normal hexane, normal heptane, n-decane, ethanol, glycerine etc.
Imbibition characteristic tester of the present invention effectively in the test compound forming materials process liquid to strengthening the wetting property of body.Its device structure simplicity of design, with low cost, easy to operate, test data is accurate.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of testing of imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body, at least comprise the sample-placing device that sample is housed is put into testing tool, and the process of testing tool being carried out the system initial state processing, it is characterized in that: the composite material reinforcement body in the sample-placing device (9) enters the liquid level 1～3mm of test liquid (8), and test liquid (8) soaks into along the parallel fibers direction or along the vertical fibers direction.
2, the method for testing of imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: test liquid (8) can be put the sample variable density with fiber to fiber wetness.
3, the method for testing of imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: test liquid (8) can carry out the wetting property test to composite material reinforcement body under condition of different temperatures.
4, a kind of tester that is applicable to imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body comprises computing machine, it is characterized in that: also comprise tester, temperature regulating device, described calculator memory contains drawdown curve control executive routine; Drawdown curve control executive routine adopts Visual Basic6.0 language to programme, and carries out serial communication response, setting reference time, curve processing and data and preserves four functions;
Described temperature regulating device, comprise first thermopair (1106), second thermopair (1107), and be installed in hardware circuit board in the control box (1103), the thermometric end of first thermopair (1106) contacts with test liquid (8), thermometer in the other end and the control box (1103) is connected, second thermopair (1107) is installed between vessel (401) and the heating jacket (1101) and with heating jacket (1101) inwall and contacts, temperature controller in the other end and the control box (1103) is connected, and control box (1103) is provided with design temperature display window (1104) and fluid temperature display window (1105);
Described tester, comprise heat insulation shell (1), loam cake (102), horizontal stabilizer (101), sensor (2), container (4), lifting table (5), sample-placing device (9), the upper end of heat insulation shell (1) is provided with loam cake (102), the lower end of heat insulation shell (1) is installed on the horizontal stabilizer (101), offer view window (106) on the heat insulation shell (1), lifting table (5) is installed on the interior horizontal stabilizer of heat insulation shell (1) (101), is placed with container (4) on the lifting table (5); Horizontal stabilizer (101) is gone up heat insulation shell (1) outer and is provided with for observing the groove (105) that door slides, and groove (105) has 1～5mm spacing with heat insulation shell (1) outer; Sensor (2) is installed in the loam cake (102), and the contact jaw of sensor (2) is connected with mass transfer lead (901), and the other end of mass transfer lead (901) is connected with sample-placing device (9), and the output terminal of sensor (2) is connected with computing machine; Container (4) is made of vessel (401), heating jacket (1101), heating wire (1102), heating wire (1102) is installed in the heating jacket (1101), heating jacket (1101) is wrapped in the outer wall of vessel (401), is loaded with the test liquid (8) that is used to test usefulness in the vessel (401); Offer the hole (3) and the power switch (104) of fitting operation platform (103) on the side of horizontal stabilizer (101), operator's console (103) is provided with display screen and function button.
5, the tester of imbibition characteristic according to claim 4 is characterized in that: operator's console (103) also can be installed in the top of heat insulation shell (1).
6, according to claim 4 or 5 described imbibition characteristic testers, it is characterized in that: sensor (2) adopts electro magnetic force sensor.
7, according to claim 4 or 5 described imbibition characteristic testers, it is characterized in that: described sample-placing device (9) is a tubular structure, perhaps;
Be clamp structure, its anchor clamps form quadrilateral structure by four double-screw bolts (904) by the end that nut is installed in sample-placing device upper plate (902) and sample-placing device lower plate (903), and sample-placing device upper plate (902) and sample-placing device lower plate (903) are provided with the hole, perhaps;
Be barrel-like structure, be provided with microporous plastic sheet (906) in staving (905) bottom, microporous plastic sheet (906) is provided with micropore.
8, according to claim 4 or 5 described imbibition characteristic testers, it is characterized in that: heat insulation shell (1) is hollow double-layer structure, is filled with cellular insulant in the hollow layer and is provided with lead.
9, according to claim 4 or 5 described imbibition characteristic testers, it is characterized in that: mass transfer lead (901) can be a single.
10, according to claim 4 or 5 described imbibition characteristic testers, it is characterized in that: test liquid (8) can be micromolecule liquid or resin; Micromolecule liquid has water or normal hexane or normal heptane or n-decane or ethanol or glycerine; Resin has epoxy series plastics or bimaleimide resin or phenolics.
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| CNB2004100961876A CN1311232C (en) | 2004-12-01 | 2004-12-01 | Testing method and testing instrument for imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body |
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