CN104101563B - Portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device - Google Patents
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- CN104101563B CN104101563B CN201410328112.XA CN201410328112A CN104101563B CN 104101563 B CN104101563 B CN 104101563B CN 201410328112 A CN201410328112 A CN 201410328112A CN 104101563 B CN104101563 B CN 104101563B
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Abstract
The invention discloses portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device which comprises a drying chamber and a measuring chamber, wherein a temperature sensor I and a heating device I are arranged in the drying chamber, and a ventilation opening is formed in the side wall of the drying chamber; a temperature sensor II and a heating device II are arranged in the measuring chamber, and a weighing module is further arranged at the bottom of the measuring chamber; a stress sensor and a container rack are arranged in the weighing module and at the bottom of the measuring chamber, and the container rack is arranged above the stress sensor and is not contacted with the stress sensor; a container is fixed on the container rack; a rock sample suspension rack is arranged on the stress sensor, and a suspension rope is suspended on the rock sample suspension rack, is used for suspending a to-be-measured rock sample and extends deeply in the container; and the stress sensor is connected with a signal output end. The portable spontaneous imbibition measuring device can measure change relationship of the quality of a fracturing fluid absorbed by the rock sample at constant temperature and normal pressure over time, so that technical indexes such as the water absorption rate, capillary force, water absorption quantity and the like of the rock sample can be known from research of the spontaneous imbibition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, belong to oil-gas field development and Porous Media mechanism
Research field.
Background technology
Constantly verifying and tentative exploitation with unconventional gas resource, for the research of unconventional gas resource
Deepening continuously.At present, in compact reservoir, particularly in the research of low porosity and low permeability saturating shale gas reservoir, evaluate reservoir rock certainly
Sending out imbibition intensity is one of emphasis of research.Firstly, since low permeability reservoir venturi is tiny, mostly micro-nano rank, capillary
The spontaneous imbibition phenomena that power causes becomes apparent from than conventional reservoir, and the impact that reservoir is produced is bigger.Secondly, the suction of low permeability reservoir
Outlet capacity depends on lithology, stratum and the type being artificially injected liquid, needs to carry out large batch of self-priming experiment, and research is fine and close
Reservoir and the interaction being artificially injected liquid.Meanwhile, the universal anisotropism of low permeability reservoir is stronger, especially in shale gas drilling well
During, need to carry out the evaluation of many sub-samplings to the shale of Different Strata or same stratum diverse location.
Large-scale volume fracturing is one of key technology of exploitation compact reservoir, and unlike conventional reservoir pressure break,
Compact reservoir fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) rate is often below 50%, and substantial amounts of fracturing fluid is detained in the earth formation.It is not thorough that conventional pressure break returns row
Lead to the delay of partial open liquid mainly due to pore constriction trapping effect.In low permeability gas reservoir reservoir, particularly have and receive
In the shale reservoir of metre hole larynx, because its pore throat is tiny, hollow billet effect greatly enhances, and fracturing fluid leans on self-priming effect to enter by crack
Matrix, forms Water trapping and leads to fracturing fluid to be difficult the row of returning, different fracturing fluids is due to its surface tension, wetability, stratum property
The differences such as matter, its self-priming difference between the effects is larger.The spontaneous imbibition phenomena of Study of Liquid, can be tight gas reservoir pressure break liquid selective,
Design of hydraulic fracturing scheme etc. provides guidance instruction, the exploitation of the injury analysis of reservoir and fractured reservoirs can be provided simultaneously
Basic research.
At present, by being processed into rock sample after Standard rock sample, rock sample is placed with airtight core barrel, can measure
The water suction situation of rock.I.e. immersion in core barrel, and the glass tube of piece volume that can measure water of termination in cylinder, and pin
Liquid level in glass tube is monitored.After rock sample water suction, the liquid level in glass tube declines.By recording liquid level
Dropping distance over time, then by the product of glass tube cross-sectional area and liquid level falling head, calculates rock and sucks water
Quality over time.
Said method has the disadvantage that：First, rock core spontaneous imbibition experiment is carried out using the program, need to rock sample warp
Cross and drill through, polish etc. after flow process processed, be fabricated to standard rock core it is clear that the landwaste at scene can not meet program rock core system
Standby requirement, if carrying out the operations such as shaft bottom or side-wall coring, experimental cost will be substantially improved.Secondly, the spontaneous water absorption of rock is such as
Fruit less, defect error meeting of the program it is clear that because the diameter of glass tube is limited by manufacturing process, if too slightly, liquid
Face change is inconspicuous, if too detailed rules and regulations glass tube inherently can produce obvious hollow billet effect, makes water surface lifting height too high, real
Test room space and glass tube manufacturing process can not meet requirement, in addition glass tube top must and atmosphere, then can not keep away
There is moisture evaporation in pipe with exempting from, so that the gauge line page is declined, affect experimental result.Finally, rock can be by rock in water absorption course
Gas within stone is arranged in the form of bubbles and is displaced, and from the structure of laboratory apparatus, does not ensure that bubble from thin glass tube
Middle discharge, also have impact on the precision of experiment.
As can be seen here, conventional self-priming evaluation method is delivered to laboratory after needing to process rock core and is analyzed and evaluated, past
Long toward the cycle, and sample number is very few, the representativeness of the unconventional reservoir higher to anisotropism is poor, accordingly, it would be desirable to invention
A kind of equipment, this equipment can quickly, compact reservoir rock that is easy, economically evaluating Different Strata or same stratum diverse location
The spontaneous imbibition ability of stone, to be widely applied to the analysis of volume fracturing fracturing fluid leak and the row of returning, compact reservoir evaluation and guarantor
In shield, water drive oil-gas reservoir and fractured reservoirs Exploitation research.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, the spontaneous imbibition measurement that the present invention provides
Device can measure the quality relation over time of the fracturing fluid that rock sample sucks under constant temperature normal pressure, and then can be from
Study in spontaneous imbibition phenomena, understand the technical indicators such as this rock sample rate of water absorption, capillary force and water absorption.In view of brill
The conditions such as the complexity at well scene, measurement apparatus of the present invention make every effort to simple and practical, the measurement analysis at convenient scene.
Portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus provided by the present invention, including drying chamber and measuring chamber；
Described drying interior is provided with temperature sensor I and heater I, and the side wall of described drying chamber is provided with ventilation
Mouthful；
Described measurement interior is provided with temperature sensor II and heating device II, and the bottom of described measuring chamber is additionally provided with a title
Amount module；
Described Weighing module includes strain gauge, receptacle stand, container, rock sample hanger bracket, hanging rope and rock sample disk, described should
Force snesor and described receptacle stand are all on the bottom of described measuring chamber, and described receptacle stand is located at described strain gauge
Top, and do not contact with described strain gauge；Described container is fixed in described receptacle stand；Described rock sample hanger bracket is located at institute
State on strain gauge, described rock sample hanger bracket hangs described hanging rope, described hanging rope is used for hanging rock sample to be measured, and deeply extremely
In described container；Described strain gauge is connected with signal output part.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, discontiguous setting between described receptacle stand and described strain gauge,
So that the weight of described container is bypassed on the described strain gauge of bottom by described receptacle stand, and then be loaded into described measuring chamber
Bottom surface on；And rock sample to be measured, by described hanging rope and described rock sample hanger bracket, is loaded on described strain gauge, thus real
Now utilize the mass change of described strain gauge direct measurement rock sample to be measured.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, the free-end of described hanging rope connects rock sample disk, and described rock sample disk is used for putting
Put rock sample to be measured, rock sample disk is immersed in the testing liquid in container, that is, enable the spontaneous imbibition to testing liquid for the rock sample.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described ventilating opening is set mainly from the aspect of following two：First, lead to
Cross cross-ventilation, make described drying indoor temperature keep constant；Secondly without setting ventilating opening, described drying is indoor just to be become
One confined space, when air heating in confined space, air heating expands to change dries indoor air pressure, if
There is natural gas in rock core to be measured, blast after mixing with air, may be produced in confined space.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described rock sample hanger bracket can be an A-frame；
Described hanging rope hangs on the top of described A-frame.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described rock sample disk is provided with cofferdam, and when water fragmentation met by rock sample, fragment is not yet
Described rock sample disk can be spilt it is ensured that measuring being smoothed out of experiment.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described hanging rope is made of plastics, and its diameter is not more than 0.128mm；For
After reducing level change, described hanging rope is submerged the measure error that the buoyancy change that brings of change of liquid volume causes, so
The diameter of described hanging rope is crossed conference and leads to error obvious.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described drying chamber and described measuring chamber are in a casing；
The bottom of described casing is provided with damping device, to provide metastable environment.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, the perisporium of described drying chamber and described measuring chamber is coated with heat-insulated material
Material, to reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described heater I and described heating device II all with a thermostatic control
Device is connected, and for controlling the working condition of electro-heat equipment, adjusts described drying chamber and the constant temperature of described measurement interior.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, described heater I and described heating device II are heating wire.
In described spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus, the precision of described strain gauge can reach 0.1mg.
When carrying out rock sample spontaneous imbibition measurement using measurement apparatus of the present invention, can carry out in accordance with the following steps：
1) rock fragment of collection in worksite to be measured will be collected first, select sizeable fragment and be carried out, put
Enter in described drying chamber and dried, dry room temperature and be set to 105 DEG C, drying time is depending on rock sample size.After general drying
In six hours, quality no longer changes, and thinks rock drying.
2) open described strain gauge switch and computer, described signal output part is connected with computer, passes through
The quality of strain gauge output described in computer recording over time data it is ensured that data energy normal transmission.To dry
Rock sample afterwards weighs dry weight, holds device with described rock sample disk and fixes rock sample, after the injection testing liquid into described container, will be described
Hanging rope is attached with described rock sample hanger bracket and described rock sample disk respectively, and described strain gauge is zeroed out, and starts to remember
Record rock sample water suction quality situation over time.
3) data of computer recording is analyzed, the parameters such as self-priming capillary force, liquid rate of water absorption can be drawn, complete
Become this rock sample spontaneous imbibition scene Lab-evaluation.
The portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus that the present invention provides have the advantage that：
1st, portability, this device sets rock sample drying chamber, measuring chamber and signal output are integrated, it is possible to achieve existing in drilling well
Field carries out constant temperature drying to detritus sample, places in fracturing fluid and measures for its spontaneous imbibition process, generally casing knot
Structure, convenient carry, damping device is arranged at bottom, adapts to situ of drilling well complex environment it is ensured that data precision.
2nd, not high to rock core shape need, rely on this experimental provision it is only necessary to the landwaste in drilling process just can be to reservoir
Spontaneous imbibition ability is evaluated it is not necessary to down-hole coring, saves testing cost.
3rd, simple to operate, when carrying out spontaneous imbibition experiment using this device, core quality changes over can be by letter
Number output end exports to computer, realizes automatic data collection function.
4th, can measure rate of water absorption α, point of intersection wetting phase saturation be displacement efficiency, the intersection point corresponding time be displacement
The parameters such as time T, the irreducible saturation of non-wetted phase, method is feasible.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Weighing module in the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the rock core standing part of Weighing module in the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, each mark is as follows：
1 temperature sensor II, 2 measuring chambers, 3,12 heat-barrier materials, 4 heating device II, 5,9 radiator valves, 6 weighing moulds
Block, 7 temperature sensor I, 8 heater I, 10 drying chambers, 11 casings, 13 ventilating openings, 14 damping devices, 15 signal output parts,
In Fig. 2, each mark is as follows：
16 rock sample hanger brackets, 17 hanging ropes, 18 containers, 19 rock samples, 20 rock sample disks, 21 receptacle stand, 22 strain gauges.
In Fig. 3, each mark is as follows：
17 hanging ropes, 19 rock samples, 20 rock sample disks.
Fig. 4 is the quality change curve over time of the Absorb Water being obtained using measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the quality subduplicate change curve over time of the Absorb Water being obtained using measurement apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in following examples.
As shown in figure 1, being the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention, its structure includes casing 11, in casing 11
Inside it is provided with drying chamber 10 and measuring chamber 2.Damping device 14 is arranged at the bottom of casing 11, provides metastable for whole experimental facilities
Environment.
It is provided with temperature sensor I7, heater I8 (heating wire) and radiator valve 9, radiator valve in drying chamber 10
9 are connected with heater I8, for controlling the working condition of heater I8, to adjust the constant temperature in drying chamber 10, temperature
Sensor I7 senses the temperature in drying chamber 10；And heat-barrier material 12 is coated with four perisporiums of drying chamber 10, to reduce
Heat scatter and disappear.There is ventilating opening 13 in the bottom of drying chamber 10, its effect is and air communication to ensure using cross-ventilation to dry
The temperature constant of dry chamber 10, and prevent from forming confined space, because if there is no ventilating opening 13, when air heating in confined space
When, air heating expands the air pressure that may change in drying chamber 10, if having natural gas in rock core, airtight after mixing with air
Blast may be produced in space.
It is provided with temperature sensor II1, heating device II 4 and radiator valve 5, radiator valve 5 and heating in measuring chamber 2
Device II4 is connected, for controlling the working condition of heating device II 4, to adjust the constant temperature in measuring chamber 2, temperature sensor
II1 inductively measures the temperature in room 2；And heat-barrier material 3 is coated with four perisporiums of measuring chamber 2, to reduce dissipating of heat
Lose.It is provided with Weighing module 6 in the bottom of measuring chamber 2.
In the present invention, the structure of Weighing module 6 is as shown in Fig. 2 it includes strain gauge 22, rock sample hanger bracket 16, hanging rope
17th, rock sample disk 20, container 18 and receptacle stand 21, wherein, receptacle stand 21 and strain gauge 22 are all located at the bottom of measuring chamber 2
On, and receptacle stand 21 is located at the top of strain gauge 22, and do not contact with strain gauge 22, rock sample hanger bracket 16 located at
Strain gauge 22, container 18, in receptacle stand 21, is arranged such, then the weight of container 18 bypasses bottom by receptacle stand 21
Strain gauge 22, be loaded on the bottom of measuring chamber 2.As shown in figure 3, rock sample disk 20 is immersed in the liquid in container 18
In, rock sample 19 is suspended on rock sample hanger bracket 16 by hanging rope 17 after being clamped by rock sample disk 20, and rock sample hanger bracket 16 is loaded into should
On force snesor 22, strain gauge 22 is connected with signal output part 15.So, after rock sample 19 sucks testing liquid, suck
Testing liquid quality can be delivered on strain gauge 22 by hanging rope 17 and sample hanger bracket 16 over time, stress sensing
Stress is changed into electric signal by device 22 over time, and by signal output part 15 by electric signal input computer carry out after
Continuous process.
When carrying out rock sample spontaneous imbibition measurement using measurement apparatus of the present invention, can carry out as steps described below：
1) rock fragment of collection in worksite to be measured will be collected first, select sizeable fragment and be carried out, put
Enter drying chamber 10 to be dried, dry room temperature and be set to 105 DEG C, drying time is depending on rock sample size.General drying six hours
Quality no longer changes afterwards, thinks rock drying.
2) open switch and the computer of strain gauge 22, signal output part 15 is connected with computer, by calculating
The quality of machine record strain gauge 22 output over time data it is ensured that data energy normal transmission.By the rock after drying
Sample weigh dry weight, hold device with rock sample disk 20 and fix rock sample, into container 18 injection testing liquid after, by hanging rope 17 respectively with rock
Sample hanger bracket 16 and rock sample disk 20 are attached, and strain gauge 22 is zeroed out, and start recording rock sample water suction quality is at any time
Between situation of change.
3) data of computer recording is analyzed, by Handy model correlation formula can draw self-priming capillary force,
The parameters such as liquid rate of water absorption, complete this rock sample spontaneous imbibition scene Lab-evaluation.
Test making of the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention to be described with specific compact reservoir Absorb Water below
Use effect.
Compact reservoir Absorb Water is tested：Fluid is distilled water；Core a size of Φ 2.5 × 1.2cm parallel to stratum direction,
Gas gaging hole porosity is 9.64%, and perm-plug method is 0.0128md, and clay mineral total amount is 33.7%, and wherein chlorite accounts for
98wt%, containing a small amount of illite；Using epoxy resin sealing cylinder and end face, only stay one side Absorb Water.According to above-mentioned steps,
Measure experiment using the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus of the present invention, record rock core water absorption situation over time,
The quality of Absorb Water change curve over time is as shown in Figure 4.
According to Handy (1960) model, the rate of water absorption in unit area can be solved：
M water suction quality/g in formula；
Area/the m of S water-absorption surface2；
T absorbent time/s；
α rate of water absorption/(g/ (m2S0.5))
Therefore after data processing, subduplicate change curve is as shown in Figure 5 over time for the quality of Absorb Water.
By above-mentioned process, according to correlation formula, the parameter that can solve includes：
1st, rate of water absorption α=72.36g/ (m2S0.5)；
2nd, the wetting phase saturation of point of intersection is 81.01% for displacement efficiency；
3rd, the intersection point corresponding time is 24025s for time swap T；
4th, the irreducible saturation of non-wetted phase is 18.99%.
By above-mentioned it was determined that the portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus that the present invention provides can measure rate of water absorption α, friendship
Wetting phase saturation at point is displacement efficiency, the intersection point corresponding time is time swap T, irreducible saturation of non-wetted phase etc.
Parameter；And not high to rock core shape need, rely on measurement apparatus of the present invention it is only necessary to the landwaste in drilling process just can be to storage
The spontaneous imbibition ability of layer is evaluated it is not necessary to down-hole coring, saves testing cost；Operation letter using measurement apparatus of the present invention
Single, when carrying out spontaneous imbibition experiment, core quality is changed over and can be exported to computer by signal output part, realizes certainly
Dynamic acquisition function.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of portable spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus it is characterised in that：Described imbibition measurement apparatus include drying chamber and measurement
Room；
Described drying interior is provided with temperature sensor I and heater I, and the side wall of described drying chamber is provided with ventilating opening；
Described measurement interior is provided with temperature sensor II and heating device II, and the bottom of described measuring chamber is additionally provided with a weighing mould
Block；
Described Weighing module includes strain gauge, receptacle stand, container, rock sample hanger bracket, hanging rope and rock sample disk, and described stress passes
Sensor and described receptacle stand are all on the bottom of described measuring chamber, and described receptacle stand is upper located at described strain gauge
Portion, and do not contact with described strain gauge；Described container is fixed in described receptacle stand；Described rock sample hanger bracket is located at described
On strain gauge, described rock sample hanger bracket hangs described hanging rope, described hanging rope is used for hanging rock sample to be measured, and deeply to institute
State in container；Described strain gauge is connected with signal output part；
The free-end of described hanging rope connects rock sample disk, and described rock sample disk is provided with cofferdam；Described rock sample disk is used for placing rock sample to be measured；
Described rock sample hanger bracket is an A-frame；
Described hanging rope hangs on the top of described A-frame；
Described hanging rope is made of plastics, and its diameter is not more than 0.128mm；
Described drying chamber and described measuring chamber are in a casing；
The bottom of described casing is provided with damping device；
It is coated with heat-barrier material on the perisporium of described drying chamber and described measuring chamber；
Described heater I is all connected with a radiator valve with described heating device II.
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| CN105092404A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Self-priming experimental instrument and experiment detection method |
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| CN105241778A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Spontaneous imbibition measurement apparatus and experiment method thereof |
| CN105628579B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-08-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of spontaneous imbibition measuring device for shale |
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| CN109916799B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-04-20 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental method for measuring unconventional dense gas reservoir spontaneous imbibition relative permeability |
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| CN110441206B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-07-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Shale imbibition device integrating imbibition and cutting and method for determining imbibition efficiency parameters |
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| CN113295569B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2023-04-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Shale oil-gas reservoir protection effect detection method and device |
| CN112213238B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-07-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Self-absorption loading device of rock core column with variable height and wettability measuring method |
| CN114112775B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2024-02-06 | 西安石油大学 | Method for evaluating development and connectivity degree of artificial crack based on imbibition curve |
| CN114295531B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-20 | 成都理工大学 | Device and method for accurately simulating self-absorption amount of drilling completion fluid under in-situ condition |
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| US5425265A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-20 | Jaisinghani; Rajan A. | Apparatus and method for measuring the capillary pressure distribution of porous materials |
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| CN1311232C (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2007-04-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Testing method and testing instrument for imbibition characteristic of composite material reinforcement body |
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