CN109085112B - Method and device for measuring permeability of compact rock sample - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring permeability of compact rock sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN109085112B CN109085112B CN201811168797.0A CN201811168797A CN109085112B CN 109085112 B CN109085112 B CN 109085112B CN 201811168797 A CN201811168797 A CN 201811168797A CN 109085112 B CN109085112 B CN 109085112B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/10—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing diffusion of components through a porous wall and measuring a pressure or volume difference
Abstract
The application discloses a method and a device for measuring permeability of a compact rock sample and a device for measuring permeability of the compact rock sample, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining upstream pressure p in Upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder; obtaining downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the downstream gas container at time t; according to the downstream pressure p t Calculating real-time pseudo pressureAccording to real-time pseudo-pressureCalculating the real-time permeability k (t); the average permeability k over the experimental period T is calculated from the real-time permeability k (T). The application has simple data processing process and shorter time due to only one measured variable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to a permeability measuring method and device for a tight rock sample.
Background
Permeability is one of the key parameters required for reservoir evaluation, capacity calculation and reasonable development scheme formulation. The accurate permeability parameters of the bottom rock are obtained, and the method plays a vital guiding role in the formulation of oil and gas exploration and development schemes.
Methods for measuring permeability of a tight rock sample can be classified into a steady state method and an unsteady state method. The steady state method is a method for measuring permeability of a compact rock sample commonly used in the laboratory at present, a representative Darcy steady flow method is used for measuring pressures at two ends of the rock sample and flow rate passing through the rock sample by using a traditional pressure meter and a traditional flow meter, and the permeability of the rock sample is calculated by using a Darcy formula. The unsteady state method is typically a pulse attenuation method, and a pressure sensor is used for recording pressure change so as to further calculate the permeability of the rock sample.
By adopting the method for measuring the permeability of the compact rock sample in the related technology, the subsequent data processing process is complex and the time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a device for measuring permeability of a compact rock sample, which can be used for solving the problems that the existing data processing process is complex and the time is long when the permeability of the compact rock sample is measured in the prior art. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided a method of permeability determination of a tight rock sample, the method comprising:
obtaining upstream pressure p in The upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder;
obtaining downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to downstream of time tThe pressure of the gas container;
according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p 0 Representing a reference pressure; said mu g (p t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And the ambient temperature T 0 A corresponding natural gas deviation factor;
the real-time permeability k (t) was calculated using the following formula:
wherein the saidRepresenting an initial pseudo pressure; the C is g The gas compression coefficient at time t; the V is d Representing the volume of the downstream gas vessel; the L represents the length of a compact rock sample in the core holder; the r represents the radius of the compact rock sample in the core holder;
the average permeability k over the experimental period T was calculated using the following formula:
wherein, xi represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; the t is m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, said m is greater than 0 and less than or equal to
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the initial pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p i Represents the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; the p is j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; said mu g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 And the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
calculating the gas compression coefficient C at time t using the following formula g ：
In a second aspect, there is provided a permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample, the apparatus comprising:
an upstream pressure acquisition module for acquiring an upstream pressure p in The upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder;
a downstream pressure acquisition module for acquiring a downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the downstream gas container at time t;
real-time simulationA pressure calculation module for calculating a pressure according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p 0 Representing a reference pressure; said mu g (p t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And the ambient temperature T 0 A corresponding natural gas deviation factor;
a real-time permeability calculation module for calculating a real-time permeability k (t) using the following formula:
wherein the saidRepresenting an initial pseudo pressure; the C is g The gas compression coefficient at time t; the V is d Representing the volume of the downstream gas vessel; the L represents the length of a compact rock sample in the core holder; the r represents the radius of the compact rock sample in the core holder;
the average permeability calculation module is used for calculating the average permeability k in the experimental duration T by using the following formula:
wherein, xi represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; the t is m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, said m is greater than 0 and less than or equal to
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
an initial pseudo pressure calculation module for calculating the initial pseudo pressure using the following formula
Wherein said p i Represents the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; the p is j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; said mu g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 And the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
a gas compression coefficient calculation module for calculating a gas compression coefficient C at time t using the following formula g ：
In a third aspect, there is provided a permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample, the permeability measurement apparatus comprising: the device comprises an air source container, a first valve, a first pressure regulating valve, an upstream air container, a second valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge, a third valve, a core holder for placing a compact rock sample, a confining pressure pump, a downstream air container, a pressure sensor and a fourth valve; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the outlet end of the air source container is connected with the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve; the first valve is used for controlling the communication or the separation between the outlet end of the air source container and the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve;
the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve is connected with the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve, the upstream gas container is arranged on a first passage between the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve, and the outlet end of the upstream gas container is connected with the first passage; the second valve is used for controlling the communication or the separation between the outlet end of the upstream gas container and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve;
the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve is connected with the inlet end of the core holder, and the pressure gauge is arranged on a second passage between the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve and the inlet end of the core holder; the third valve is used for controlling the second passage to be communicated or blocked;
the outlet end of the core holder is connected with the inlet end of the downstream gas container; the pressure sensor is used for measuring the downstream pressure in the downstream gas container; the fourth valve is used for controlling the discharge of the gas in the downstream gas container;
the confining pressure pump is used for providing confining pressure for the compact rock sample in the core holder.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that:
and obtaining the relationship between the downstream pressure and time through experimental measurement, calculating the real-time pseudo pressure, and further calculating the real-time permeability, thereby obtaining the average permeability. The data processing process is simple and the time is shorter because of only one measured variable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a permeability measurement apparatus for dense rock samples according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for permeability measurement of a tight rock sample provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a set of downstream pressures versus time;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a permeability measurement apparatus for dense rock samples provided in one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample may include: the device comprises a gas source container 1, a first valve 2, a first pressure regulating valve 3, an upstream gas container 4, a second valve 5, a second pressure regulating valve 6, a pressure gauge 7, a third valve 8, a core holder 9 for placing a tight rock sample, a confining pressure pump 10, a downstream gas container 11, a pressure sensor 12 and a fourth valve 13.
As shown in fig. 1, the outlet end of the air source container 1 is connected with the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 2; wherein, the first valve 2 is used for controlling the communication or the separation between the outlet end of the air source container 1 and the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 2. The gas source in the gas source vessel may be nitrogen.
The outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 3 is connected with the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 6, an upstream gas container 4 is arranged on a first passage between the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve 3 and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 6, and the outlet end of the upstream gas container 4 is connected with the first passage; the second valve 5 is used to control the communication or interruption between the outlet end of the upstream gas container 4 and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 6.
The core holder 9 is used for placing a tight rock sample to be measured.
The outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 6 is connected with the inlet end of the core holder 9, and a pressure gauge 7 is arranged on a second passage between the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve 6 and the inlet end of the core holder 9; the third valve 8 is used to control the second passage to communicate or shut off.
The outlet end of the core holder 9 is connected with the inlet end of a downstream gas container 11; the pressure sensor 12 is for measuring the downstream pressure in the downstream gas container 11; the fourth valve 13 is used to control the discharge of gas from the downstream gas container.
The confining pressure pump 10 is used for providing a certain confining pressure to the tight rock sample in the core holder 9. The confining pressure pump 10 may be a confining pressure hydraulic pump, typically with distilled water selected from the group of hydraulic pumps.
Optionally, the permeability measurement device for dense rock samples provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a timer so as to record the relationship between pressure change and time.
Optionally, the permeability measuring device for the tight rock sample provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a temperature measuring instrument for measuring the ambient temperature. Wherein, this temperature measuring instrument can be the thermometer.
In one possible embodiment, the first valve 2, the second valve 5, the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 13 may be manual valves controlled manually, and the opening and closing of the valves are controlled manually, so that the cost of the device can be saved.
In another possible embodiment, for automatic measurement, the first valve 2, the second valve 5, the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 13 may be pneumatic valves controlled by a program, and the opening and closing of each valve may be controlled by a program, so that automatic measurement may be realized.
In addition, the data obtained by the measurement of the permeability measuring device of the compact rock sample can be recorded manually; the pressure gauge 7, the pressure sensor 12 and the timer described above may also be connected to the computing device, respectively. The computing device is typically a computer, which may be a desktop computer, or a laptop portable computer. The computing device is used for acquiring data recorded by the pressure gauge 7, the pressure sensor 12 and the timer and calculating the permeability of the tight rock sample according to the acquired data.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the permeability of the compact rock sample can be measured by the permeability measuring device of the compact rock sample shown in fig. 1, and the method can comprise the following operation steps:
(1) The compact rock sample is placed in the core holder 9, the first valve 2, the second valve 5, the third valve 8 and the fourth valve 13 are closed, and certain confining pressure is applied to the periphery of the compact rock sample in the core holder 9 through the confining pressure pump 10.
(2) The first valve 2 is opened to open the air source container 1, and the first pressure regulating valve 3 is regulated to ensure that the output pressure of the air source container 1 is p in Further, the pressure of the upstream gas container 4 is kept at p in 。
(3) The second valve 5 is opened, the second pressure regulating valve 6 is regulated, and the reading on the pressure gauge 7 is stabilized to be p in 。
(4) Opening the third valve 8 to enable the gas in the gas source container 1 to enter the downstream gas container 11 through the rock sample in the core holder 9, and recording the downstream pressure value p of the pressure sensor 12 at preset time intervals t The predetermined time interval may be set manually in relation to the time t.
(5) When the value of the pressure sensor 12 tends to be stable, the experiment is ended, the first valve 2 is closed, and the fourth valve 13 is opened for emptying.
(6) After the pressure in the whole measuring device is emptied, the confining pressure of the confining pressure pump is reduced to 0, and the compact rock sample in the core holder 9 is taken out for subsequent data processing.
Referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of a method for determining permeability of a tight rock sample according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. After the permeability measurement device shown in fig. 1 is adopted and relevant measurement data is collected in combination with the above-described operation steps, the method provided in this embodiment may be used to calculate the above-described measurement data, so as to obtain the permeability of the tight rock sample. In addition, in the method provided in the present embodiment, the execution subject of each step may be the computing device described above. The method may comprise the steps of:
step 201, obtaining upstream pressureForce p in The upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder.
Step 202, obtaining downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the downstream gas container at time t, the downstream pressure p t Time t varies during the experiment.
Step 203, according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein p is 0 Represents a reference pressure, which in the present embodiment of the application p 0 A reference pressure value which can be preset manually; mu (mu) g (p t ) Representing the above downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity μ g (p t ) The information can be obtained through table lookup; z (p) t ) Representing the above downstream pressure p t And the above-mentioned ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding natural gas deviation factor, which is the natural gas deviation factor Z (p t ) The method can be obtained through table lookup, and can also be obtained through calculation by adopting an eleven-parameter method.
Step 204, calculating the real-time permeability k (t) using the following formula:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,representing an initial pseudo pressure; alternatively, the above initial pseudo pressure +.>The following formula was used for calculation:
wherein p is i Representing the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; p is p j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; mu (mu) g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And ambient temperature T 0 And (3) the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
C g The gas compression coefficient at time t; alternatively, the gas compression coefficient C at time t g The following formula was used for calculation:
V d representing the volume of the downstream gas container; l represents the length of the core in the core holder; r represents the radius of the dense rock sample in the core holder.
Step 205, calculating the average permeability k over the experimental period T using the following formula:
wherein ζ represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; t is t m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, m is greater than 0 and less than or equal toIn the embodiment of the present application, the initial test point is recorded as the 0 th test point.
The technical scheme provided by the application is described and illustrated in detail below by taking one practical application of the application as an example:
taking a certain dense rock sample as an example, the diameter of the dense rock sample is 2.536cm, and the length of the dense rock sample is 4.830cm. The permeability of the compact rock sample is measured by a conventional steady-state method in the current national standard GB/T29172-2012 core analysis method, wherein the permeability values at the inlet pressure of 0.44MPa, 0.95MPa and 1.04MPa are respectively 0.188mD, 0.163mD and 0.148mD, the average permeability is 0.166mD, and then the Kjeldahl permeability is 0.125mD by adopting a regression method.
To verify the correctness of the method of the application, the following experiments were performed on the dense rock samples. In the experiments described below, the upstream pressure at which the tight rock sample stabilized was set at 1.02MPa, and the pressure values for the downstream pressure at different time points were recorded according to the procedure provided in the above examples, as shown in fig. 3. In addition, the volume of the downstream gas container in this experiment was 30ml.
Correspondingly, the initial pseudo pressure, the real-time pseudo pressure and the real-time permeability are calculated by using the calculation steps in the permeability measurement method shown in the embodiment of fig. 2 according to the present application, as shown in table-1.
TABLE-1
From Table-1, it was found that the real-time permeability obtained by the method for measuring permeability of a dense rock sample of the present application was in the range of 0.121mD to 0.129mD, and further, the average permeability was 0.124mD.
The average permeability obtained by the method is subjected to error calculation with the average permeability obtained by a conventional steady-state method in national standard GB/T29172-2012 core analysis method, so that a percentage error value is 0.8% and less than 5%, the accuracy requirement is met, and the permeability measurement method of the compact rock sample is proved to be consistent with the measurement result of the conventional steady-state method.
In addition, as can be seen from Table-1, with the method of the present application, the experimental duration was only 135s, which is shorter than the measurement duration of 1200s by the conventional steady state method.
In summary, according to the permeability measurement method for the dense rock sample provided by the embodiment, the relationship between the downstream pressure and the time is obtained through experimental measurement, the real-time pseudo pressure is calculated, and the real-time permeability is further calculated, so that the average permeability is obtained. The data processing process is simple and the time is shorter because of only one measured variable.
The following are examples of the apparatus of the present application that may be used to perform the method embodiments of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present disclosure, please refer to the method embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 4, a block diagram of a permeability measurement apparatus for dense rock samples according to one embodiment of the present application is shown. The device has the function of realizing the method example, and the function can be realized by hardware or can be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. For example, the apparatus may be the computing device described above, or may be provided in the computing device. The apparatus may include: an upstream pressure acquisition module 401, a downstream pressure acquisition module 402, a real-time pseudo pressure calculation module 403, a real-time permeability calculation module 404, and an average permeability calculation module 405.
An upstream pressure acquisition module 401 for acquiring an upstream pressure p in The upstream pressure pin refers to the pressure of the inlet end of the core holder.
A downstream pressure acquisition module 402 for acquiring a downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the gas vessel downstream of time t.
A real-time pseudo pressure calculation module 403 for calculating a real-time pseudo pressure according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p 0 Representing a reference pressure; said mu g (p t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And the ambient temperature T 0 A corresponding natural gas deviation factor;
a real-time permeability calculation module 404 for calculating a real-time permeability k (t) using the following formula:
wherein the saidRepresenting an initial pseudo pressure; the C is g The gas compression coefficient at time t; the V is d Representing the volume of the downstream gas vessel; the L represents the length of the core in the core holder; and r represents the radius of the core in the core holder.
An average permeability calculation module 405 for calculating an average permeability k over the experimental period T using the following formula:
wherein, xi represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; the t is m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, said m is greater than 0 and less than or equal to
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: an initial pseudo pressure calculation module 406.
An initial pseudo pressure calculation module 406 for calculating the initial pseudo pressure using the following formula
Wherein said p i Represents the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; the p is j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; said mu g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 And the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the gas compression coefficient calculation module 407.
A gas compression coefficient calculation module 407 for calculating a gas compression coefficient C at time t using the following formula g ：
In summary, the permeability measurement device for a tight rock sample provided in this embodiment obtains the relationship between the downstream pressure and time through experimental measurement, calculates the real-time pseudo pressure, and further calculates the real-time permeability, thereby obtaining the average permeability. The data processing process is simple and the time is shorter because of only one measured variable.
It should be noted that, when the apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiment performs the functions thereof, only the division of the respective functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the foregoing functional allocation may be performed by different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to perform all or part of the functions described above.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in the apparatus of the above embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. A method of determining permeability of a tight rock sample, the method comprising:
obtaining upstream pressure p in The upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder;
obtaining downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the downstream gas container at time t;
according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p 0 Representing a reference pressure; said mu g (p t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And the ambient temperature T 0 A corresponding natural gas deviation factor;
the real-time permeability k (t) was calculated using the following formula:
wherein the saidRepresenting an initial pseudo pressure; the C is g The gas compression coefficient at time t; the V is d Representing the volume of the downstream gas vessel; the L represents the length of a compact rock sample in the core holder; the r represents the radius of the compact rock sample in the core holder;
the average permeability k over the experimental period T was calculated using the following formula:
wherein, xi represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; the t is m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, said m is greater than 0 and less than or equal to
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
the initial pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p i Represents the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; the p is j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; said mu g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperatureDegree T 0 And the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
calculating the gas compression coefficient C at time t using the following formula g ：
4. A permeability measurement apparatus for a dense rock sample, the apparatus comprising:
an upstream pressure acquisition module for acquiring an upstream pressure p in The upstream pressure p in Refers to the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder;
a downstream pressure acquisition module for acquiring a downstream pressure p t Correspondence with time t, wherein the downstream pressure p t Refers to the pressure of the downstream gas container at time t;
a real-time pseudo-pressure calculation module for calculating the pressure according to the downstream pressure p t The real-time pseudo pressure was calculated using the following formula
Wherein said p 0 Representing a reference pressure; said mu g (p t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) t ) Representing the downstream pressure p t And the ambient temperature T 0 A corresponding natural gas deviation factor;
a real-time permeability calculation module for calculating a real-time permeability k (t) using the following formula:
wherein the saidRepresenting an initial pseudo pressure; the C is g The gas compression coefficient at time t; the V is d Representing the volume of the downstream gas vessel; the L represents the length of a compact rock sample in the core holder; the r represents the radius of the compact rock sample in the core holder;
the average permeability calculation module is used for calculating the average permeability k in the experimental duration T by using the following formula:
wherein, xi represents the time interval between two adjacent test points; the t is m Time t representing mth test point m =ζm, said m is greater than 0 and less than or equal to
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
an initial pseudo pressure calculation module for calculating the initial pseudo pressure using the following formula
Wherein said p i Represents the initial pressure and the upstream pressure p in The same; the p is j Indicating a pressure range p 0 To p i The j-th pressure of the n pressures in the inner; said mu g (p j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 Corresponding gas viscosity; said Z (p) j ) Representing the downstream pressure p j And the ambient temperature T 0 And the corresponding natural gas deviation factor, n is a positive integer, and j is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
a gas compression coefficient calculation module for calculating a gas compression coefficient C at time t using the following formula g ：
7. A permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample, characterized in that the permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample is configured to implement the permeability measurement method for a tight rock sample according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the permeability measurement apparatus for a tight rock sample comprising: the device comprises an air source container, a first valve, a first pressure regulating valve, an upstream air container, a second valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge, a third valve, a core holder for placing a compact rock sample, a confining pressure pump, a downstream air container, a pressure sensor and a fourth valve; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the outlet end of the air source container is connected with the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve; the first valve is used for controlling the communication or the separation between the outlet end of the air source container and the inlet end of the first pressure regulating valve;
the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve is connected with the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve, the upstream gas container is arranged on a first passage between the outlet end of the first pressure regulating valve and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve, and the outlet end of the upstream gas container is connected with the first passage; the second valve is used for controlling the communication or the separation between the outlet end of the upstream gas container and the inlet end of the second pressure regulating valve;
the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve is connected with the inlet end of the core holder, and the pressure gauge is arranged on a second passage between the outlet end of the second pressure regulating valve and the inlet end of the core holder; the third valve is used for controlling the second passage to be communicated or blocked;
the outlet end of the core holder is connected with the inlet end of the downstream gas container; the pressure sensor is used for measuring the downstream pressure in the downstream gas container; the fourth valve is used for controlling the discharge of the gas in the downstream gas container;
the confining pressure pump is used for providing confining pressure for the compact rock sample in the core holder.
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