CN104265266A - Horizontal well water controlling completion method evaluation experiment device - Google Patents
Horizontal well water controlling completion method evaluation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104265266A CN104265266A CN201410453524.6A CN201410453524A CN104265266A CN 104265266 A CN104265266 A CN 104265266A CN 201410453524 A CN201410453524 A CN 201410453524A CN 104265266 A CN104265266 A CN 104265266A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal well water controlling completion method evaluation experiment device. The horizontal well water controlling completion method evaluation experiment device comprises a horizontally-placed simulation shaft, and the open end of the simulation shaft extends towards the interior of the simulation shaft in a sealing mode to form a well completion simulation tubular column; a liquid drainage opening, an exhaust opening and a fluid inlet are formed in the side wall of the simulation shaft; a fluid outlet is formed in the end, stretching out of the open end of the simulation shaft, of the well completion simulation tubular column, and is communicated with a liquid storage box through a fluid outlet valve, an outlet of the liquid storage box is connected with a control valve, a centrifugal pump, a flowmeter and a fluid inlet valve in sequence, the fluid inlet valve is connected to the fluid inlet of the simulation shaft, and a differential pressure sensor is arranged between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. A well completion simulation tubular column linear displacement and locating device is arranged between the end of the well completion simulation tubular column and the open end of the simulation shaft. The differential pressure of multiple well completion modes with different flows and parameters is recorded through the flowmeter and the differential pressure sensor of the device, and the water controlling effects of the different well completion modes under the respective parameters are compared and analyzed.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of completion mode evaluating apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus.
Background technology
Be different from conventional vertical well, the contact area of horizontal well with bottom water reservoir and oil reservoir is larger, effectively can increase drainage area, change the seepage flow mode of near wellbore fluid, reduce filtrational resistance, thus can be more oily with very low producing pressure differential output during employing horizontal well, this will be conducive to improving oil recovery factor, improve field produces situation.
From the application present situation of current each elephant horizontal well, although the advantage that horizontal well Relative vertical well tools has productivity index high, but along with the carrying out of horizontal well development, some problems also come out gradually, such as horizontal well initial productivity is very high, be about 3 ~ 10 times of straight well, but owing to there is Pressure Drop along pit shaft reservoir permeability non-homogeneity and along Wellbore Flow direction, make horizontal well targets well section inflow profile uneven, easy premature water breakthrough, and moisture content can sharply rise after production water breakthrough, oil production sharply declines, cause its stable production period short, even some horizontal wells have just been gone into operation with regard to water breakthrough.
Horizontal wells all inevitably occur in various degree go out water problems, produce water had a strong impact on horizontal well development effect.Therefore, from the angle of completion, become a mandarin rule and the effect analysis of control water of research level well target well section difference control water mode completion, to optimum level well capacity, extend horizontal well Production Life, raising recovery ratio and whole development benefit have important practical usage and theory directive significance.
At present, the control water completion technique that domestic application scope is wider comprises ICD (inflow control device) and controls water completion technique, center management and control water completion technique and variable density perforation control water completion technique.ICD completion water control technique produces additional pressure drop by the throttling arrangement of definite shape, and regulate fluid to flow into the inflow profile of horizontal well pit shaft, common structure has: flow channel type, nozzle-type and jet tube, and major influence factors is nozzle number or aperture number.Center management and control water completion technique inserts small diameter tube at horizontal segment, and stretch into horizontal completion section certain length, its effect is the inflow profile improving horizontal segment, delays water ridge, length of tube and diameter centered by main control water influential effect factor.Variable density perforation control water completion technique is on perforating appliances, adopt the close perforating design scheme of variable orifice, manual control producing pressure differential, makes horizontal segment take near wellbore zone to from well far away, evenly flows into, slow down the rate of climb of end water, major effect control water effect factor is the close and diameter in aperture, hole.
Existing level well target well section Complex Flows experimental facilities forms with control system, data acquisition and analysis system primarily of simulated experiment unit, Experimental Flowing Object supply.This simulated experiment unit adopts internal diameter to be the sleeve pipe of 124.0mm, external diameter about 5.5in, and pipe overcoat has internal diameter 149.1mm, external diameter to be the sleeve pipe of 7.5in, the long 6.5m of experimental considerations unit, and two pressure tap spacings are 6.0m; For improving pressure measurement accuracy, two pressure tap pressure reduction utilize soft and transparent rubber tube to record, and certainty of measurement is the 1Pa order of magnitude, and annular space is tied with fine and close gauze, and experimental considerations unit two ends devise two inlets up and down, and object is that wall is become a mandarin evenly.Experimental section perforation Signal Phase Design 3 kinds, 45 degree of spiral perforations, 90 degree of spiral perforations, 180 degree of spiral perforations, shot density devises 3 kinds, every meter 8,16,24 holes, perforation diameter design 3 kinds, 10,20,30mm.This existing experimental facilities is mainly through measuring fluid flow and pressure reduction under different perforation phase place, perforation diameter, shot density, thus have studied the affecting laws of these parameters to wall friction pressure drop, mixed pressure drop, overall presure drop, analyze the affecting laws that wall injects comparison mixed pressure drop and acceleration pressure drop simultaneously.By the understanding to this experimentation, find that this existing apparatus exists following defect:
(1) completion mode considered is more single, does not consider other completion mode, if the different completion mode parameters such as central tube completion, ICD completion are to the affecting laws of overall presure drop.
(2) with regard to this completion mode of perforation completion, do not consider the impact of different casing diameters on experimental result, cause experimental data not comprehensive, analyze thorough not.
(3) with regard to this completion mode of perforation completion, the shot density that can simulate only has three kinds of fixing specifications to be respectively 8,16,24 holes/m, arbitrarily can not change hole within the specific limits close thus carry out great many of experiments.
(4) design of experiment porch is less relative to the scope of application, can not be applicable to supporting the use of other water control device.
(5) less to the change flexibility of completion parameter in experimental facilities, experiment parameter can not be changed easily thus carry out the different experiment organized.
Existing horizontal well with bottom water reservoir three-dimensional physical simulation experimental facilities adopts modern application actinoscopy X technology, flowing test technology and numerical control device widely, set up three-dimensional large-scale physical analogy model, experiment flow is made up of High Pressure Model, radioactive source, ray detector, ray signal treatment system etc.In cylindrical model, first load the sand of testing and selecting, then use water source with the sodium iodide of constant pressure at the uniform velocity displacement intermediate receptacle, simulation end water.This experimental facilities adopts hydraulic pressurization simulated formation burden pressure; Upper part simulating oil deposit, lower part simulation end water, separates with end water diffuser screen between two parts, the equipotential surface under simulation infinite fluid diversion state; Have employed the stainless steel capillary of external diameter 3mm, internal diameter 1.5mm in the circulating system, when providing little flow velocity to model, fluid can consume very large flow resistance by capillary tube, makes model obtain stable small pressure feed.This experimental facilities can carry out three-dimensional large-sized reservoir physical simulation experiment, and when utilizing the horizon mining of ray scanning system scanning, the ridge of water ridge enters process, and the height of end liter waterborne and the distribution of height in the horizontal direction.Thus the research end waterbornely rises rule, water ridge is formed and development mechanism, analyzes the characteristic of fluid imported and exported simultaneously.But by the understanding to this experiment flow, find that this existing experimental facilities has following defect:
(1) simulation of this experimental facilities is too single, and the completion mode of consideration is less, does not consider that different completion mode is shown in water mitigation for horizontal wellbore.
(2) do not have the flow in flowmeter survey access to plant in entrance, fail the impact of coutroi velocity on experimental result.
(3) horizontal wellbore dimensions is less, very effectively can not simulate actual production situation, causes obtained experimental data error larger.
(4) add IodineSodium Solution in experiment, but do not consider the impact (such as interfacial tension etc.) of this solution for physical properties of fluids.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice of being engaged in relevant industries for many years, proposes a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus, to overcome the defect of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus, can the experiment of the different completion mode control water effect such as Simulation Center pipe completion, variable density perforation completion, ICD completion, under recording different flow by flow meter and differential pressure pickup, the pressure reduction of certain completion mode of different parameters, and then the control water effect of the different completion mode of comparative analysis under each autoregressive parameter, to make experimental result closer to real conditions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus, to solve the problem of modelling of central tube diverse location, different-diameter.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus, to solve the different pore size of variable density perforation, the problem of modelling of Kong Mi.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus; This evaluation experimental device includes the simulation wellbore hole of a horizontal positioned, is sealed to stretch to be provided with completion simulation tubing string by the openend of simulation wellbore hole in simulation wellbore hole; Described completion simulation tubing string is arranged with simulation wellbore hole is concentric; Described simulation wellbore hole sidewall is provided with leakage fluid dram, exhaust opening and fluid intake; The end that described completion simulation tubing string stretches out simulation wellbore hole openend is provided with fluid issuing, this fluid issuing is communicated in liquid reserve tank by fluid issuing valve, liquid reserve tank exports be linked in sequence control valve, centrifugal pump, flow meter and fluid inlet valve, fluid inlet valve is connected to the fluid intake of simulation wellbore hole, is provided with a differential pressure pick-up between described fluid intake and fluid issuing; Be provided with completion between described completion simulative tube column end and simulation wellbore hole openend and simulate tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described completion simulation tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner comprise the block being fixedly installed on completion simulative tube column end, be fixed with the extended screw rod of two axis to the flange bilateral symmetry of described simulation wellbore hole openend, described block both sides through described screw rod, and are fixed on described screw rod by nut.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described completion simulation tubing string is ICD completion tubular column, variable density perforation completion tubing string or central tube completion tubular column.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described variable density perforation completion tubing string comprises the cylinder that one end is closed, and on the barrel of described cylinder, axially spaced-apart is provided with the through hole that multi-turn is evenly arranged in circumference; Through hole in axial two adjacent rings is interspersed; Described through hole is provided with screw thread, forms described variable density perforation completion tubing string by the corresponding through hole of plug-hole nut shutoff.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described plug-hole nut is provided with different apertures.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described leakage fluid dram is communicated in described liquid reserve tank by leakage fluid dram valve.
From the above mentioned, horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus of the present invention, can the experimental evaluation of the different completion mode control water effect such as Simulation Center pipe completion, variable density perforation completion, ICD completion, under recording different flow by flow meter and differential pressure pickup, the pressure reduction of certain completion mode of different parameters, and then the control water effect of the different completion mode of comparative analysis under each autoregressive parameter, experimental result is closer to real conditions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings is only intended to schematically illustrate the present invention and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be the structural representation of the present invention's horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus.
Fig. 2: for simulation wellbore hole in the present invention and completion simulate the structural representation of tubing string.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention proposes a kind of horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus 100; This evaluation experimental device 100 includes the simulation wellbore hole 1 of a horizontal positioned, is sealed to stretch to be provided with completion simulation tubing string 2 by the openend 11 of simulation wellbore hole 1 in simulation wellbore hole 1; Described completion simulation tubing string 2 is arranged with simulation wellbore hole 1 is concentric, and both form annular space between sidewall; Described simulation wellbore hole 1 sidewall is provided with leakage fluid dram 12, exhaust opening 13 and fluid intake 14; The end that described completion simulation tubing string 2 stretches out simulation wellbore hole openend 11 is provided with fluid issuing 24, this fluid issuing 24 is communicated in liquid reserve tank 3 by fluid issuing valve 35, liquid reserve tank 3 exports be linked in sequence control valve 31, centrifugal pump 32, flow meter 33 and fluid inlet valve 34, fluid inlet valve 34 is connected to the fluid intake 14 of simulation wellbore hole, is provided with a differential pressure pick-up 4 between described fluid intake 14 and fluid issuing 24; Described leakage fluid dram 12 is communicated in described liquid reserve tank 3 by leakage fluid dram valve 121.Be provided with completion between described completion simulation tubing string 2 end and simulation wellbore hole openend 11 and simulate tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner (not shown), completion simulation tubing string 2 can be changed thus and stretch into the length in simulation wellbore hole 1 and accurately locate.Described completion simulation tubing string is ICD (inflow control device) completion tubular column, variable density perforation completion tubing string or central tube completion tubular column.
The basic operation flow process of above-mentioned evaluation experimental device is:
1. the completion tubular column that will measure (central tube completion tubular column, variable density perforation completion tubing string or ICD completion tubular column) is put into simulation wellbore hole 1, and sealed;
2. open control valve 31, fluid inlet valve 34, fluid issuing valve 35, exhaust opening 13, leakage fluid dram valve 121, start centrifugal pump 32 and the water in liquid reserve tank 3 is pumped in simulation wellbore hole 1, check whether pipeline leaks;
3. close fluid issuing valve 35, leakage fluid dram valve 121, start, with certain flow (m3/h), liquid is pumped into simulation wellbore hole and discharge gas wherein;
4. when exhaust opening 13 place has liquid to spray, close exhaust opening 13 rapidly, fluid issuing valve 35 is opened simultaneously, start the data of reading flow gauge 33 and differential pressure pick-up 4;
5. after regulating centrifugal pump 32 to change flow, the data of reading flow gauge 33 and differential pressure pick-up 4 again, and repeatedly, so that the pressure drop data that under reading in different flow, completion tubular column produces;
6. close centrifugal pump 32, open fluid issuing valve 35, exhaust opening 13, leakage fluid dram valve 121, in time draining the liquid in simulation wellbore hole 1, open simulation wellbore hole 1 openend, change other completion tubular column and put into this simulation wellbore hole 1;
7. repeat 1-5 step, to complete the measurement to different completion tubular column.
From the above mentioned, horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus of the present invention, can the experimental evaluation of the different completion mode control water effect such as Simulation Center pipe completion, variable density perforation completion, ICD completion, under recording different flow by flow meter and differential pressure pickup, the pressure reduction of certain completion mode of different parameters, and then the control water effect of the different completion mode of comparative analysis under each autoregressive parameter, experimental result is closer to real conditions.
Further, in the present embodiment, use that long 1780mm, internal diameter are 207mm, simulation wellbore hole 1 made by the steel pipe of wall thickness 6mm, borehole size when this and horizontal well with bottom water reservoir actual production closely, and material is similarly steel, compared with small-sized glass material used in experiment in the past, reduce experimental error largely; Fluid intake 14 and exhaust opening 13 are positioned at sidewall above simulation wellbore hole, respectively range simulation pit shaft openend and blind end 70mm, and fluid intake 14 and exhaust opening 13 are 1 writing brush interface; Leakage fluid dram 12 is positioned at simulation wellbore hole lower sidewalls.Simulation wellbore hole is in order to dummy level well, after putting into completion simulation tubing string in simulation wellbore hole, the liquid that fluid intake 14 injects can form inventionannulus flow at simulation wellbore hole and completion simulative tube intercolumniation, and it is inner to enter completion simulation tubing string by concrete runner (as: opening end of the eyelet of variable density tubing string, the sieve tube segment of ICD, central tube), and flow out eventually through fluid issuing.The design of exhaust opening is to discharge, the gas in annular space and tubing string in order to avoid affect experiment conclusion in injection process; Leakage fluid dram be in order to finish experiment after or change tubing string time by clean for the fluid discharge in simulation wellbore hole.Moreover, in order to ensure the sealing of testing, seal at the openend flange 15 fitted seal circle of simulation wellbore hole.
In the present embodiment, use diameter to be respectively the steel pipe of 125mm, 148mm, 174mm tri-sizes to simulate the control water effect of central tube completion tubular column in bottom water reservoir of different-diameter, central tube completion tubular column is the open at one end formula cylinder of total length 2010mm, wall thickness 9mm; In experimentation, central tube completion tubular column is put into simulation wellbore hole 1, simulation wellbore hole 1 and the liquid in central tube completion tubular column annular space to be entered in central tube body by opening end and discharge eventually through fluid issuing; Carried out the adjustment of different completion parameter by the length regulating central tube completion tubular column to insert simulation wellbore hole, observe the pressure reduction to corresponding discharge Imitating wellbore fluids entrance and central tube completion tubular column fluid issuing two ends.Tubing string straight-line displacement can be simulated in addition and central tube completion tubular column drawn by positioner by completion, its diverse location in simulation wellbore hole 1 is made to enter the impact of position on bottom water reservoir control water effect under simulating different central tube, such design can carry out great many of experiments, to improve the accuracy of experiment conclusion.
Described completion simulation tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner comprise the block being fixedly installed on completion simulative tube column end, be fixed with the extended screw rod of two axis to the flange bilateral symmetry of described simulation wellbore hole openend, described block both sides through described screw rod, and are fixed on described screw rod by nut.Described completion simulation tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner can also be made up of other existing structures such as slide rails, do not repeat them here.
In the present embodiment, described variable density perforation completion tubing string comprises the cylinder that one end is closed, and on the barrel of described cylinder, axially spaced-apart is provided with the through hole that multi-turn is evenly arranged in circumference; Through hole in axial two adjacent rings is interspersed; Described through hole is provided with screw thread, by the corresponding through hole of plug-hole nut shutoff, to form described variable density perforation completion tubing string.
In the present embodiment, described plug-hole nut can also be arranged the aperture of different size, the aperture of through hole can be changed thus by plug-hole nut, realize the experiment of reducing perforation.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, variable density perforation completion tubing string is total length is 2010mm, internal diameter is respectively 125mm, 148mm, 174mm tri-sizes, wall thickness is that one end of 9mm is closed, the other end is the steel drum that diameter 120mm exports, and every root variable density perforation completion tubing string has 10 circles (row) eyelet, is often evenly equipped with 6 through holes in circle, each turn separation is 170mm, and perforation length is 1530mm; By the hole of shutoff diverse location, can carry out the even perforation of different hole count and the simulation of variable density perforation, aperture also can be changed by plug-hole nut in addition, thus can test in large quantities carry out analysis contrast.The shot density first will simulated in experimentation mixes up (being realized by plug-hole), then variable density tubing string is put into simulation wellbore hole, is observed the pressure reduction of the fluid outlet of simulation wellbore hole fluid intake and tubing string by regulates liquid flow.
In the present embodiment, ICD completion tubular column used when described ICD completion tubular column is actual production, but consider the convenience and operability doing and test, non-functional transformation is carried out on the basis of former ICD completion tubular column, mainly add an outlet connection.In experimentation, first the logical concrete completion parameter regulating section to carry out mixes up, and then puts into simulation wellbore hole, and the liquid of simulation wellbore hole and ICD completion tubular column annular space to be entered in ICD completion tubular column by sieve tube segment and discharges eventually through fluid issuing.By the pressure reduction regulating the flow injecting liquid to come observatory control wellbore fluids entrance and ICD completion tubular column fluid issuing two ends.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) simulation wellbore hole is when having considered actual production situation and experiment measuring condition, carries out design processing, make experiment conclusion closer to actual production by actual size (except length); In addition, the design of fluid intake and fluid issuing can measure the pressure reduction of Liquid output and fluid intake and fluid outlet quickly and easily, and the combination of flange and sealing ring makes experimental facilities have sealing preferably.
(2) design of central tube completion tubular column open at one end, one end undergauge formation fluid issuing, not only meets actual production conditions, and is convenient to experimental implementation and note amount; The block of central tube completion tubular column front ends and the design of screw rod, considerably increase the pressure limit that can simulate, also reduce the danger of experiment simultaneously.
(3) design of the even perforation of variable density perforation completion tubing string and autonomous reducing, plug-hole, experiment can be simulated in large quantities, and the throttling situation under the caliber of different specification size and perforating parameter is simulated, thus add the accuracy of experiment.
(4) interface in ICD completion tubular column and the processing of support, substantially reduce experiment difficulty, just must measure and record and can carry out under conventional laboratory conditions, and can simulate practical condition well.
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations done under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus, is characterized in that: this evaluation experimental device includes the simulation wellbore hole of a horizontal positioned, is sealed to stretch to be provided with completion simulation tubing string by the openend of simulation wellbore hole in simulation wellbore hole; Described completion simulation tubing string is arranged with simulation wellbore hole is concentric; Described simulation wellbore hole sidewall is provided with leakage fluid dram, exhaust opening and fluid intake; The end that described completion simulation tubing string stretches out simulation wellbore hole openend is provided with fluid issuing, this fluid issuing is communicated in liquid reserve tank by fluid issuing valve, liquid reserve tank exports be linked in sequence control valve, centrifugal pump, flow meter and fluid inlet valve, fluid inlet valve is connected to the fluid intake of simulation wellbore hole, is provided with a differential pressure pick-up between described fluid intake and fluid issuing; Be provided with completion between described completion simulative tube column end and simulation wellbore hole openend and simulate tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner.
2. horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described completion simulation tubing string straight-line displacement and positioner comprise the block being fixedly installed on completion simulative tube column end, be fixed with the extended screw rod of two axis to the flange bilateral symmetry of described simulation wellbore hole openend, described block both sides through described screw rod, and are fixed on described screw rod by nut.
3. horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described completion simulation tubing string is ICD completion tubular column, variable density perforation completion tubing string or central tube completion tubular column.
4. horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described variable density perforation completion tubing string comprises the cylinder that one end is closed, and on the barrel of described cylinder, axially spaced-apart is provided with the through hole that multi-turn is evenly arranged in circumference; Through hole in axial two adjacent rings is interspersed; Described through hole is provided with screw thread, forms described variable density perforation completion tubing string by the corresponding through hole of plug-hole nut shutoff.
5. horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described plug-hole nut is provided with different apertures.
6. horizontal well control water well completion mode evaluating experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described leakage fluid dram is communicated in described liquid reserve tank by leakage fluid dram valve.
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| CN107725028A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-23 | 齐鲁工业大学 | A kind of horizontal well AICD intelligent water-controlleds screen casing performance test system |
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