CN110907334B - Device and method for measuring radial flow oil-water relative permeability of conglomerate full-diameter core - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring radial flow oil-water relative permeability of conglomerate full-diameter core Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the relative permeability of radial flow oil and water of a conglomerate full-diameter core, and the device comprises an experimental device, an experimental process and an experimental data processing method for measuring the relative permeability of the radial flow oil and water of the conglomerate full-diameter core. The method can accurately simulate the radial seepage process of oil and water near a shaft under the temperature and the pressure of a stratum, and realize the measurement of the relative permeability of the oil and water in the radial seepage of the full-diameter core of the conglomerate. Wherein the experimental apparatus includes: the device comprises a vacuum pumping system, a pressure supply system, a simulated reservoir module and a produced liquid metering system. The experimental process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of full-diameter core pretreatment, core absolute permeability measurement, core vacuumizing and saturated water, oil-drive water method core saturated oil, and water-drive oil unsteady state method oil-water relative permeability measurement experiment. The data processing is a method for calculating the relative permeability curve of the radial flowing oil and water of the full-diameter core based on the derivation of Darcy formula, B-L radial seepage equation, flow function G and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relative permeability measurement of oil and water of conglomerate oil reservoir cores, and discloses a device and a method for measuring the relative permeability of oil and water of a conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow.
Background
The relative permeability of oil and water is one of basic parameters for oil and gas field development, has important guiding significance for making oil reservoir development scheme and understanding oil and water seepage in oil reservoir, and is a parameter which must be measured. At present, the core oil-water relative permeability is mainly measured for sandstone cores, most cores used for measurement are core columns with the diameter of 2.5cm, and the measured flow is mainly one-dimensional linear flow. The diameter of a core holder commonly used in domestic and foreign experimental tests is 2.5cm, and the core holder has the advantages of relatively simple structure, convenience in disassembly, small volume of the used core and short experimental time, and is widely applied to experimental research of various seepage parameters. However, conventional core holders also have their limitations:
(1) due to the small core size, the three-dimensional radial seepage process of the stratum near the actual shaft cannot be simulated, and the use of the test result is influenced.
(2) Conglomerate cores have large particle size differences, small cores have poor representativeness, conventional core holders have difficulty in obtaining suitable representative cores, and the usability of test results is poor.
(3) The conventional rock core is small in saturated oil quantity and large in measurement error, experimental data are usually processed by using a plane displacement equation, and the actual applicability of a finally calculated phase permeability curve is poor.
(4) Conventional relative permeability tests are based on small cores, one-dimensional linear stable permeability, and the calculation and data processing methods for relative permeability for two-phase radial permeability are currently not mature.
Therefore, the permeability test of the standard small core cannot meet the requirements of the conglomerate core relative permeability test and the oilfield production, and a full-diameter core holder aiming at the conglomerate and matched equipment thereof need to be researched and developed, so that a processing method of conglomerate oil-water radial flow two-phase relative permeability test data needs to be perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the relative oil-water permeability of radial flow of a conglomerate full-diameter core.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a full diameter radial flow core holder, comprising: the device comprises a cylinder body, a piston block, an inner cover and an annular clamping cover; the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with a piston block, the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body are respectively provided with an inner cover and an annular clamping cover, one end of the inner cover is embedded in the cylinder body, and the other end of the inner cover is clamped in the annular clamping cover; one side of the cylinder body is provided with a liquid inlet, an inner cover at the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a pressure relief hole and an axial pressure liquid inlet, and an inner cover at the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a liquid outlet.
In some embodiments, rubber sealing rings are arranged at the contact positions between the inner cover and the cylinder body, between the piston block and the cylinder body, between the annular clamping cover and the end face of the cylinder body, and between the inner cover and the annular clamping cover.
In some embodiments, rubber gaskets are arranged between the inner cover and the upper end face of the rock core and between the piston block and the lower end face of the rock core, and the upper end rubber gasket is provided with a middle hole with the diameter of 1 cm.
The invention also provides a device for measuring the relative permeability of radial flowing oil and water of the full-diameter core of the conglomerate, which comprises a conglomerate full-diameter radial flowing core holder, wherein a liquid inlet of the holder is connected with a high-pressure water container and a high-pressure piston oil container, and a liquid outlet of the holder is connected with a produced liquid volume metering device; the axial pressure adding liquid inlet is connected with an axial pressure loading device; the high-pressure water container and the high-pressure piston oil container are respectively connected with the water container through a constant flow pump.
In some embodiments, a pressure difference sensor is arranged between the liquid inlet of the core holder and the high-pressure water container and the high-pressure piston oil container.
In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is arranged between the high-pressure water container, the high-pressure piston oil container and the constant-flow pump.
In some embodiments, the production fluid volume metering device is disposed on a weighing device.
In some embodiments, the core holder, the high pressure water reservoir, the high pressure piston oil reservoir, the liquid volume measuring device, and the hand pump are disposed within a thermostatic control box.
In some embodiments, the differential pressure sensor or/and the pressure sensor is connected to a computer data acquisition system.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the relative permeability of radial flowing oil and water of the conglomerate full-diameter core, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of full-diameter core early-stage treatment, full-diameter core absolute permeability measurement, full-diameter core vacuumizing and saturated water experiment, full-diameter core oil-flooding water-flooding saturated oil experiment and full-diameter core water-flooding unsteady state method oil-water relative permeability test experiment.
In some embodiments, the conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing method is used for calculating the relation between the full-diameter core radial flow unsteady-state method oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation by using relative permeability experiment core static data, experiment static parameters and unsteady-state method relative permeability experiment dynamic data.
In some embodiments, the core static data includes core length, diameter, porosity, gas logging permeability, irreducible water saturation, residual oil saturation, and the like;
in some embodiments, the experimental conditions include experimental temperature, water phase viscosity, oil phase viscosity, bound water oil relative permeability, residual oil water relative permeability, final drive efficiency, and the like;
in some embodiments, the unsteady-state-method relative permeability experiment dynamic data is time, injection speed, injection pressure, loading axial pressure, cumulative liquid production, cumulative oil production, cumulative water production, and corresponding relationships thereof;
in some embodiments, the method for processing the experimental data of the oil-water relative permeability of the radial flow of the full-diameter core is a calculation method of the oil-water relative permeability of the radial flow derived by integral transformation based on a darcy formula, a Buckley-leverert radial displacement seepage equation, a flow function G and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device can accurately realize the temperature and pressure conditions of the stratum, simulate the three-dimensional radial seepage process of oil water in the stratum near a shaft, realize the measurement of the radial seepage oil water relative permeability of the conglomerate full-diameter core, and simultaneously provide equipment support for other physical simulation experiments of the full-diameter core.
(2) The full-diameter core radial flow gripper can simulate the three-dimensional radial seepage of oil and water in a stratum near a shaft and the flowing process of a shaft of a production well, and meet the requirement of testing the relative permeability of the radial flow oil and water of the full-diameter core.
(3) The deduction assumption of the experimental data processing method is closer to a real reservoir, the processing of test data is realized, and the actual needs of an oil field can be met.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow gripper structure of the present invention. Wherein, 1, 13-rubber sealing gasket, 2-upper liquid outlet, 3-upper annular clamping cover, 4-upper inner cover, 5-axial compression piston steel block, 6,8, 11-rubber sealing ring, 7-lower inner cover, 9-liquid inlet, 10-cylinder body, 12-lower annular clamping cover, 14, 16-pressure relief hole, and 15-axial compression liquid inlet;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the device for measuring the radial flow relative permeability of the conglomerate full-diameter core. The system comprises a 1-advection pump, a 2-pressure sensor, a 3-computer data acquisition system, a 4-differential pressure sensor, a 5-radial flow full-diameter core holder, a 6-constant temperature control box, a 7-measuring cylinder, an 8-electronic balance, a 9-water container, a 10-high-pressure container, a 11-high-pressure piston container and a 12-hand pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the relative permeability of radial flow oil and water of a conglomerate full-diameter core, and the device and the method comprise an experimental device, an experimental process and an experimental data processing method for measuring the relative permeability of the radial flow oil and water of the conglomerate full-diameter core.
The conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability measurement experiment device comprises: the device comprises a vacuumizing system, a pressure supply system (comprising a constant flow pump, a hand pump, a high-pressure intermediate container, a high-pressure piston intermediate container, a pressure sensor, an oil-water container and the like), a simulated reservoir module (comprising a radial flow full-diameter rock core holder, a pressure sensor, an inlet valve, an outlet valve and the like), and a produced liquid metering system (comprising a computer data acquisition system, a measuring cylinder, an electronic balance and the like). The device can accurately realize the temperature and pressure conditions of the stratum, simulate the radial seepage of oil and water near the shaft and the flowing process of the shaft of the production well, realize the measurement of the relative permeability of the oil and water of the radial seepage of the full-diameter core of the conglomerate, and simultaneously provide equipment support for other physical simulation experiments of the full-diameter core.
The utility model provides a conglomerate full diameter rock core radial flow oil water relative permeability measuring device, radial flow full diameter rock core holder includes the cylindrical barrel of a middle through-type, and the upper and lower port of barrel all is equipped with annular card lid and inner cup, is equipped with the piston steel block that is used for loading the axle load in the middle of the barrel, and the inside cavity that upper end annular card lid, upper end inner cup and piston steel block formed is as the rock core room, and the inside cavity that lower extreme annular card lid, lower extreme inner cup and piston steel block formed is as the axle load room. A liquid inlet is formed in the middle side face of the cylinder body of the full-diameter core holder and is connected with a high-pressure water container, a high-pressure piston oil container, a differential pressure sensor, a constant flow pump and the like; a liquid outlet is arranged in the middle of the upper end inner cover and is connected with a produced liquid metering device; the middle of the lower end inner cover is provided with a liquid inlet for loading axial pressure by using hydraulic pressure, the liquid inlet is symmetrically provided with two pressure relief holes, and the liquid inlet is connected with an axial pressure loading device such as a hand pump. When the full-diameter rock core is placed in the rock core chamber, a through hole with the diameter of 1cm needs to be drilled in the axial direction of the rock core, and the rock core is placed on a rubber gasket which is in contact with a piston steel block, so that the axis of the rock core is aligned with a central point on the gasket. Fluid flows into the annular space between the core and the inner wall of the cylinder through the liquid inlet on the middle side surface of the cylinder of the core holder, radially flows into the core from the periphery, and flows out from the liquid outlet in the middle of the upper end inner cover through the axial through hole of the core after radial seepage in the core. Rubber gaskets are arranged between the inner cover and the upper end face of the rock core and between the piston block and the lower end face of the rock core, and a middle hole with the diameter of 1cm is formed in the upper end rubber gasket. The contact parts between the upper end annular clamping cover and the lower end annular clamping cover and the end face of the cylinder body, between the upper end inner cover and the lower end inner cover and the cylinder body, between the upper end annular clamping cover and the lower end annular clamping cover and the inner cover, and between the piston steel block and the inner wall of the cylinder body are sealed by rubber sealing rings (gaskets).
A conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability test experiment process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of full-diameter core pretreatment, full-diameter core absolute permeability measurement, full-diameter core vacuumizing and saturated water experiment, full-diameter core oil-flooding water-flooding saturated oil experiment, full-diameter core water-flooding unsteady-state oil-water relative permeability test experiment and the like.
A method for processing experimental data of radial flow oil-water relative permeability of a full-diameter core is an oil-water relative permeability calculation method which is derived by integral transformation based on Darcy's formula, Buckley-Leverrt radial displacement seepage equation, flow function G and the like on the basis of subjects such as oil layer physics, seepage mechanics, oil reservoir engineering and the like. And calculating the relation between the oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation (namely a relative permeability curve) of the radial seepage unsteady method of the full-diameter core by using the relative permeability experiment core static data, the experiment static parameters, the unsteady method relative permeability experiment dynamic data and the like.
Preferably, the vacuum pump and the like form a vacuum pumping system, the constant flow pump, the hand pump, the high-pressure piston intermediate container, the pressure sensor, the water container and the like form a pressure supply system, the radial flow full-diameter core holder, the pressure sensor, the differential pressure sensor and the like form a simulated reservoir part, and the computer data acquisition system, the measuring cylinder, the electronic balance and the like form a produced liquid metering system.
Preferably, the radial flow full-diameter core holder comprises a cylindrical barrel with a through middle, an upper end annular clamping cover, an upper end inner cover, a lower end annular clamping cover, a lower end inner cover, a piston steel block for loading axial compression, an upper end inner cover liquid outlet, a lower end inner cover liquid inlet, a barrel middle side liquid inlet, a lower end inner cover pressure relief hole and the like.
Preferably, an inner cavity of the cylinder formed by the upper end annular clamping cover, the upper end inner cover and the piston steel block is used as a core chamber, and an inner cavity formed by the lower end annular clamping cover, the lower end inner cover and the piston steel block is used as an axial compression loading chamber.
Preferably, a liquid inlet in the middle side of the cylinder body of the full-diameter core holder is connected with a high-pressure water container, a high-pressure piston oil container, a differential pressure sensor, a constant flow pump and the like, a liquid outlet in the middle of the inner cover at the upper end is connected with a produced liquid metering device, and a liquid inlet in the middle of the inner cover at the lower end is connected with a hand pump and other like pressure loading devices.
Preferably, the contact parts between the upper and lower annular clamping covers and the end face of the cylinder body, between the upper and lower inner covers and the cylinder body, between the upper and lower annular clamping covers and the inner covers, between the core and the end face of the piston steel block, and between the piston steel block and the inner wall of the cylinder body are sealed by rubber sealing rings (gaskets).
Preferably, rubber gaskets are arranged between the inner cover and the upper end face of the rock core and between the piston block and the lower end face of the rock core, and the upper end rubber gasket is provided with a middle hole with the diameter of 1 cm.
Preferably, the full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability test experimental process comprises full-diameter core preliminary treatment, full-diameter core absolute permeability measurement, full-diameter core vacuumizing and saturated water experiment, full-diameter core oil-water flooding method saturated oil experiment, full-diameter core water-flooding unsteady state method oil-water relative permeability measurement experimental procedures and the like.
Preferably, the core static data includes core length, core diameter, core porosity, core gas logging permeability, bound water saturation, residual oil saturation and the like, the experiment condition static parameters include experiment temperature, water phase viscosity, oil phase viscosity, bound underwater oil relative permeability, residual oil and water relative permeability, final oil displacement efficiency and the like, and the unsteady-state method relative permeability experiment dynamic data includes injection time, injection speed, injection pressure, loading axial pressure, accumulated liquid production, accumulated oil production, accumulated water production and corresponding relation thereof and the like.
Preferably, the method for processing the experimental data of the oil-water relative permeability of the radial flow of the full-diameter core is a calculation method of the oil-water relative permeability derived by integral transformation based on Darcy formula, Buckley-Leverrt radial displacement seepage equation, flow function G and the like.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
1 introduction to device design
1.1 technical index of radial flow full diameter core holder
The instrument use temperature: room temperature-150 deg.C
High-pressure clamp: 316L stainless steel with phi of 105mm multiplied by 105-150 mm, pressure resistance of 70MPa and radial flow
A pressure sensor: 0-20MPa, 0.1% FS;
a differential pressure sensor: 0-20MPa, 0.1% FS
Axial compression: 0-70MPa, 0.25% FS
Permeability test range: 0.01-10000X 10-3μm2Relative error of<5％
Porosity test range: > 2%, relative error < 2%.
1.2 Instrument tightness test procedure
And vertically placing the full-diameter core holder on a holder fixing frame to enable a liquid outlet of the upper end cover to be upward. And putting the full-diameter core on a rubber sealing gasket connected with a piston steel block, aligning the axis of the core with the central point on the sealing gasket, and tightly covering an inner cover at the upper end and an annular clamping cover. Slowly lifting the loaded axial pressure, slowly moving the piston steel block to enable two end faces of the core to be attached to the inner cover, and if the two ends are not parallel, automatically adjusting the position of the piston steel block to enable the piston steel block to be tightly combined with the end face of the core along with the increase of the piston pressure. Whether the two ends of the rock core are sealed with the rubber sealing gaskets or not can be detected by increasing the piston pressure.
2 test experiment for relative permeability of full-diameter conglomerate core
2.1 Pre-treatment of full-diameter conglomerate core
And (3) preprocessing the on-site full-diameter conglomerate core, including core cutting, drilling, polishing, oil washing, drying and the like. The experimental materials and instruments included: the device comprises a full-diameter conglomerate core holder, a liquid nitrogen core freezing and cutting machine, a core drilling machine, abrasive paper, an oil washing instrument, a fume hood, a constant-temperature drying box, benzene, alcohol and the like.
The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the incomplete parts of the cylinders at the two ends of the full-diameter core to a regular cylindrical core with a smooth end face by using a liquid nitrogen core freezing and cutting machine;
(2) drilling a through hole with the diameter of about 0.5cm at the circle center of two end surfaces of the core by using a core drilling machine;
(3) polishing and flattening the cross sections of the two ends of the full-diameter core by using abrasive paper;
(4) cleaning residues at the bottom of the oil washing instrument by using clear water;
(5) pouring benzene and alcohol into an oil washing instrument in a ratio of 3:1 until the liquid level reaches the upper end of the glass display tube; closing an upper cover of the oil washing instrument, and screwing all screws with a wrench to avoid air leakage;
(6) connecting the condensed water with a rubber tube to cool the oil washing instrument;
(7) opening a switch of an oil washing instrument, setting the temperature to be 85 ℃, and washing oil for more than 48 hours;
(8) and (3) placing the oil-washed full-diameter core in a fume hood to dry for 24 hours, and placing the core in a constant-temperature drying oven to dry for more than 8 hours, wherein the temperature is set to be 110 ℃.
2.2 Total diameter conglomerate core Absolute Permeability determination
The experimental materials and instruments included: the core holder is composed of a full-diameter conglomerate core holder, a pressure sensor, a soap bubble flowmeter, a hand pump, a nitrogen cylinder and the like.
The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(1) putting the cleaned rock core into a constant-temperature drying oven to be dried for more than 12 hours, and setting the temperature to be 85 ℃;
(2) taking out the core, and naturally cooling at room temperature;
(3) putting the core into a full-diameter core holder, and connecting the experimental device;
(4) applying confining pressure of about 2MPa to the rock core holder by using a hand-operated pump;
(5) opening the nitrogen gas cylinder, adjusting the gas pressure by using a pressure reducing valve to keep the gas outlet speed of the gas cylinder outlet in a proper range, and reading the upstream pressure value at the moment;
(6) extruding a bubble by the soap bubble flow meter, starting timing when reaching an integer point, stopping timing when reaching another integer point, and reading time and the volume on the soap bubble flow meter;
(7) repeating the step (6) for three times, and taking average time;
(8) and calculating the gas logging permeability of the rock core by using the pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream of the rock core and the gas flow.
2.3 full-diameter conglomerate core vacuumizing saturated water experiment
The experimental materials and instruments included: the device comprises a full-diameter conglomerate core holder, a vacuum pump, a high-pressure container, a high-pressure piston container, a hand pump, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure sensor, simulated formation water and the like.
The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(1) putting the conglomerate full-diameter core into a high-pressure container;
(2) connecting a vacuumizing device, and closing a lower end valve;
(3) opening a vacuum pump, vacuumizing for more than 8 hours, and opening a valve at the lower end to enable the simulated formation water in the water tank to enter a high-pressure container;
(4) after the glass tube of the vacuum pump begins to drip water, closing the vacuum pump;
(5) and closing an upper end valve connected with a vacuum pump, opening a valve connected with a hand pump, pressurizing the high-pressure container to 15MPa, and keeping the pressure for 12h to saturate the rock core with water.
2.4 full-diameter conglomerate core oil-flooding water-method saturated oil experiment
The experimental materials and instruments included: distilled water, on-site crude oil, a full-diameter conglomerate core, a radial-flow full-diameter core holder, a high-pressure piston container, a pressure sensor, a advection pump, a hand pump, a measuring cylinder and the like.
The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(1) pouring the on-site crude oil into the upper part of the piston container;
(2) putting the full-diameter conglomerate core of saturated water into a full-diameter core holder, and connecting an instrument;
(3) opening a constant flow pump, injecting distilled water to the bottom of the piston container at the speed of 0.5ml/min, and driving crude oil to enter the full-diameter core holder;
(4) measuring the amount of water and oil flowing out from the outlet of the full-diameter core holder by using a measuring cylinder;
(5) after crude oil with 10 times of pore volume (10PV) is displaced, the advection pump is closed;
(6) reading out the total volume of the effluent, and calculating the saturation of the irreducible water;
(7) and after the saturated oil is finished, closing valves at two ends of the holder, standing and aging for 12 hours to fully bond the crude oil in the full-diameter core holder with the core, and preparing to carry out the next flow of the water flooding experiment.
2.5 full-diameter conglomerate core water displacement oil unsteady state method oil-water relative permeability test experiment
The experimental materials and instruments included: the device comprises a constant temperature control box, a radial flow full-diameter core holder, a saturated oil full-diameter conglomerate core, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure sensor, a high-pressure intermediate container, a high-pressure piston intermediate container, a constant flow pump, a six-way valve, a balance, a hand-operated pump, a stopwatch, a measuring cylinder, a beaker, simulated formation water and the like. The experimental flow of the oil-water relative permeability test of the water flooding unsteady state method of the full-diameter conglomerate core is shown in the attached figure 2.
The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(1) connecting the experimental instruments according to a flow chart and putting the experimental instruments into a constant-temperature control box;
(2) adding simulated formation water into a high-pressure piston container, putting a rock core into a full-diameter rock core holder, adding rubber pads up and down, and tightly covering an upper end cover;
(3) the shaft pressure of the full-diameter rock core holder is increased to 4-6 MPa by a hand-operated pump;
(4) opening the constant flow pump, and starting displacement at a set displacement speed;
(5) when the outlet end discharges liquid for the first time, timing is started, time points, liquid discharging volumes, oil discharging volumes and readings of each pressure gauge are recorded at regular intervals, and the times are recorded in an encrypted manner at the initial stage of water leakage;
(6) stopping displacement after displacing simulated formation water with 10 times of pore volume (10PV), and closing the constant flow pump;
(7) and processing the obtained experimental data to obtain a relation curve of the oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation.
3 derivation of principle of experimental data processing method of relative permeability
3.1 conditional assumptions
(1) The oil-water two-phase radial flow reservoir model under study is assumed to be a homogeneous reservoir, the porosity is phi, and the water relative permeability is kwH for the thickness of the model and r for the hole diameter of the central wellwRadius of the model is reAnd simulating the process of the oil-water two-phase fluid seepage to the central well.
(2) Assuming the oil and water are incompressible and immiscible, neglecting the effect of capillary forces on the percolation process, i.e. pcWater injection rate q is 0iEdge fluid pressure of peBottom hole flow pressure pwThe differential flow pressure is Δ p ═ pe-pw。
(3) Assuming the water flooding process, the water injection rate is equal to the liquid production rate.
3.2 principle derivation
According to Darcy's equation, the central well oil and water production rates are:
a flow rate of the fluid of
Defining the total relative fluidity lambdar，
Then there is
Integration, resulting in differential pressure versus time:
the boundary conditions of the equation are:
equations (6) and (7) are mathematical models of two-phase radial seepage.
Total relative fluidity lambdaroIs the saturation SwThe function of (6) is subjected to integral transformation to form SwThe boundary condition becomes:
then there is
In the case of radial seepage, the general solution of Buckley-Leverrt displacement equation is
Wherein,
differentiating the formula (9) to obtain
Substituting the equation (10) into the equation (6), and transforming the integration limit according to the boundary condition (8) to obtain
Introducing the above equation into the flow function
Can obtain the product
According to the formula (11), a
Here, the stream function G is r, f'wUnlike the flow function in the Buckley-Leverrt linear displacement, where G is not only dependent on water cut changes, but is also affected by radial seepage area, this parameter reveals the difference between radial flow and Buckley-Leverrt flow, the function is independent of r in linear displacement.
Differentiating the formula (11) with respect to time
In the formula:
therefore, it is not only easy to use
According to the boundary condition, obtain
The flow pressure differential is then characterized over time as
According to the physical simulation experiment condition, under the constant speed condition, qiIs constant, ap is variable, and, at this time,
according to the equation of the flow rate of the split,
to obtain
Therefore, the relative permeability of the radial oil-water two phases can be calculated according to the formula (16) and the formula (17).
4 full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing software
The full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing software is established on the basis of subjects such as oil layer physics, seepage mechanics, oil reservoir engineering and the like, makes full use of relative permeability experiment core static data, experiment static parameters, unsteady-method relative permeability experiment dynamic data and the like, and calculates the relation between the oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation of unsteady-method radial seepage by using an oil-water relative permeability calculation method derived through integral conversion based on Darcy formula, Buckley-Leverrt radial displacement seepage equation, flow function G and the like, so as to finally obtain a radial flow oil-water relative permeability curve.
The full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing software mainly comprises an input module of information such as oil-water relative permeability experiment core parameters and experiment conditions, a horizontal seepage and radial seepage data processing module, a help module and the like. The software takes a Chinese windows7-32 bit system as a development environment, is compiled and designed by C # and MATLAB languages, has the characteristics of convenience in operation, clear steps, high calculation precision, friendly man-machine interface and the like, and is a powerful tool for processing the relative permeability curve experimental data of the full-diameter rock core.
Example 1
A radial flow oil-water relative permeability measuring device and method for a conglomerate full-diameter core comprises an experimental device for measuring the radial flow oil-water relative permeability of the full-diameter core, an experimental process and an experimental data processing method.
The conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability measurement experimental device comprises: the device comprises a vacuum pumping system, a pressure supply system, a simulation reservoir module and a produced liquid metering system. The vacuum pumping system comprises a vacuum pump and the like, the pressure supply system comprises a constant flow pump, a high-pressure intermediate container, a high-pressure piston intermediate container, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure sensor, a water container and the like, the simulated reservoir part comprises a radial flow full-diameter rock core holder, a hand pump, a pressure sensor and the like, and the produced liquid metering system comprises a computer data acquisition system, a measuring cylinder, an electronic balance and the like. The inlet and outlet valves are connected with elements such as a vacuum pump, a constant flow pump, an intermediate container or a simulated storage layer part through pipelines.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the device for measuring the relative permeability of radial flow oil and water of the conglomerate full-diameter core comprises a cylindrical barrel body with a through middle, wherein the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the barrel body are respectively provided with a hollow annular clamping cover and an inner cover, a piston steel block for loading axial pressure is arranged in the middle of the barrel body, an inner cavity of the barrel body formed by the upper end annular clamping cover, the upper end inner cover and the piston steel block is used as a core chamber, and an inner cavity formed by the lower end annular clamping cover, the lower end inner cover and the piston steel block is used as an axial pressure loading chamber. A liquid inlet is formed in the side face of the cylinder body of the full-diameter core holder and is connected with a high-pressure water container, a high-pressure piston oil container, a differential pressure sensor, a constant flow pump and the like; a liquid outlet is arranged in the middle of the upper end inner cover and is connected with a produced liquid metering device; the middle of the lower end inner cover is provided with a liquid inlet for loading axial pressure by using hydraulic pressure, the liquid inlet is symmetrically provided with two pressure relief holes, and the liquid inlet is connected with an axial pressure loading device such as a hand pump. Fluid flows into the annular space between the core and the inner wall of the cylinder through the liquid inlet on the middle side surface of the cylinder of the core holder, radially flows into the core from the periphery, and flows out from the liquid outlet in the middle of the upper end inner cover through the axial through hole of the core after radial seepage in the core, so that the radial seepage process of oil and water in the stratum near a shaft and the flowing process in the shaft of a production well are simulated.
The specific application method of the novel radial flow full-diameter core holder comprises the following steps:
(1) the full-diameter core holder is vertically arranged on a core holder fixing frame, and a liquid outlet of the upper end cover is upward. Clean the indoor wall of rock core, check whether the sealing washer at each position is damaged, if damaged, in time change new sealing washer.
(2) And placing the full-diameter core on a rubber sealing gasket connected with the piston steel block, aligning the axis of the core with the central point on the sealing gasket, enabling one end of the core to be close to the upper end clamping cover, enabling the other end of the core to be close to the rubber sealing gasket connected with the piston steel block, and fastening the upper end inner cover and the annular clamping cover. The external liquid inlet and outlet are connected with other experimental instruments.
(3) The lower end liquid inlet is connected with a high-pressure piston intermediate container through a constant-flow pump, the loaded axial pressure is slowly lifted according to the experiment requirements, the piston steel block enables the position to be automatically adjusted to be tightly combined with the end face of the rock core, and whether the two ends of the rock core are sealed with the rubber sealing gasket or not can be detected by continuously increasing the piston pressure.
(4) Fluid flows into the annular space between the core and the inner wall of the cylinder through the liquid inlet on the middle side surface of the cylinder of the core holder, radially flows into the core from the periphery, and flows out from the liquid outlet in the middle of the upper end inner cover through the axial through hole of the core after radial seepage in the core, so that the radial seepage process of oil and water in a stratum near a shaft and the flow process in the shaft of a production well are simulated, and required experimental data in the experimental process are recorded.
(5) After the experiment is finished, the internal pressure of the core holder is emptied, an external experimental instrument is disassembled, the upper end clamping cover is opened by the core disassembling device, the piston is disassembled, and the experimental core is taken out.
The full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability test experimental process comprises full-diameter core pretreatment, full-diameter core absolute permeability measurement, full-diameter core vacuumizing and saturated water experiment, full-diameter core oil-drive water-method saturated oil experiment, full-diameter core water-drive unsteady-method oil-water relative permeability measurement experiment and the like.
A full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing method and software are established on the basis of subjects such as oil layer physics, seepage mechanics, oil reservoir engineering and the like, make full use of static data (including core length, diameter, porosity, gas logging permeability, irreducible water saturation, residual oil saturation and the like) of a relative permeability experiment core, and (2) calculating the relation between the oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation (namely a radial flow relative permeability curve) of the radial seepage of the full-diameter core by using the experimental conditions such as static parameters (including experimental temperature, injection speed, water phase viscosity, oil phase viscosity, constraint underwater oil relative permeability, residual oil-water relative permeability and final oil displacement efficiency) and unsteady-method relative permeability experimental dynamic data (injection time, injection pressure, loading axial pressure, accumulated liquid production, accumulated oil production, accumulated water production and corresponding relation thereof).
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing method is characterized in that the experiment data processing method is a radial flow oil-water relative permeability calculation method derived by integral transformation based on Darcy formula, Buckley-Leverrt radial displacement permeability equation and flow function G, and the relation between the full-diameter core radial permeability unsteady method oil-water relative permeability and the water saturation is calculated by using relative permeability experiment core static data, experiment static parameters and unsteady method relative permeability experiment dynamic data;
according to Darcy's equation, the central well oil and water production rates are:
a flow rate of the fluid of
Defining the total relative fluidity lambdar，
Then there is
Integration, resulting in differential pressure versus time:
the boundary conditions of the equation are:
equations (6) and (7) are mathematical models of two-phase radial seepage
Total relative fluidity lambdaroIs the saturation SwThe function of (6) is subjected to integral transformation to form SwThe boundary condition becomes:
then there is
In the case of radial seepage, the general solution of Buckley-Leverrt displacement equation is
Wherein,
differentiating the formula (9) to obtain
Substituting the equation (10) into the equation (6), and transforming the integration limit according to the boundary condition (8) to obtain
Introducing the above equation into the flow function
Can obtain the product
According to the formula (11), a
Here, the flow function G is r, f'wUnlike the flow function in the Buckley-Leverrt linear displacement, where G is not only dependent on water cut changes, but is also affected by radial seepage area, this parameter reveals the difference between radial flow and Buckley-Leverrt flow, the function is independent of r in linear displacement.
Differentiating the formula (11) with respect to time
In the formula:
therefore, it is not only easy to use
According to the boundary condition, obtain
The flow pressure differential is then characterized over time as
According to the physical simulation experiment condition, under the constant speed condition, qiIs constant, ap is variable, and, at this time,
according to the equation of the flow rate of the split,
to obtain
Therefore, the relative permeability of the radial oil-water two phases can be calculated according to the formula (16) and the formula (17);
adopt a conglomerate full diameter rock core radial flow oil water relative permeability measuring device, include: a liquid inlet of the core holder is connected with a high-pressure water container and a high-pressure piston oil container; the high-pressure water container and the high-pressure piston oil container are connected with the water container through a constant flow pump; a liquid outlet of the core holder is connected with a produced liquid volume metering device; the axial pressure liquid inlet is connected with an axial pressure loading device; the core holder comprises a cylinder body, a piston block, an inner cover and an annular clamping cover; the inner wall of the cylinder body is provided with a piston block, the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body are respectively provided with an inner cover and an annular clamping cover, one end of the inner cover is embedded in the cylinder body, and the other end of the inner cover is clamped in the annular clamping cover; a liquid inlet is formed in one side of the cylinder body, a pressure relief hole and an axial pressure adding liquid inlet are formed in an inner cover at the lower end of the cylinder body, and a liquid outlet is formed in an inner cover at the upper end of the cylinder body; rubber gaskets are arranged between the inner cover and the upper end face of the rock core and between the piston block and the lower end face of the rock core, and the upper end rubber gasket is provided with a middle hole with the diameter of 1 cm; rubber sealing rings are arranged between the inner cover and the cylinder body, between the piston block and the cylinder body, and between the inner cover and the annular clamping cover.
2. The conglomerate full-diameter core radial flow oil-water relative permeability experiment data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the core holder, the high-pressure water container and the high-pressure piston oil container are placed in a constant temperature control box; the produced liquid volume metering device is arranged on the weighing device; pressure sensors are arranged among the high-pressure water container, the high-pressure piston oil container and the advection pump, pressure difference sensors are arranged among the liquid inlet of the core holder, the high-pressure water container and the high-pressure piston oil container, and the pressure difference sensors or/and the pressure sensors are/is connected with a computer data acquisition system.
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| CN112096357B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-10-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil production amount correction method, device and equipment for testing relative permeability of heavy oil thermal recovery |
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