CN113640473A - Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing - Google Patents
Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113640473A CN113640473A CN202111041394.1A CN202111041394A CN113640473A CN 113640473 A CN113640473 A CN 113640473A CN 202111041394 A CN202111041394 A CN 202111041394A CN 113640473 A CN113640473 A CN 113640473A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plugging
- pressure
- temperature
- drilling
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a plugging capacity test experimental device and a test method for drilling and fracturing. The device of the invention adopts advanced dynamic sealing technology, mechanical transmission and data sensing technology, integrates various high-temperature and high-pressure testing functions, and can perform various performance evaluation experiments of the temporary plugging agent under high-temperature and high-pressure dynamic conditions. Meanwhile, the device is provided with various leakage layer simulation test modules, and an appropriate test module can be selected for testing according to the characteristics of the underground leakage layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plugging capacity test experimental device and a plugging capacity test method for drilling and fracturing, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development.
Background
As the development of oil and gas fields enters the middle and later stages, high permeability reservoirs are almost completely exploited, and people begin to explore efficient exploitation of low permeability oil and gas fields. In the fracturing process of a low-permeability oil and gas field well, the reconstruction effect is not ideal due to the fact that the reconstruction volume of certain intervals is small or the complexity of a fracture network is not enough, and therefore a diversion fracturing technical measure needs to be adopted in the fracturing reconstruction process to solve the problem of section loss caused by underground complexity, increase of the complexity of the fracture network and the reconstruction volume. The temporary blocking diversion fracturing technology becomes a new means and a new direction for increasing production and dredging potential in the later development stage of the low-permeability oil and gas field. Therefore, it is very important to accurately and truly evaluate the performance of the temporary plugging agent.
Meanwhile, for well drilling, well collapse, well leakage and hydrocarbon reservoir protection are three major technical problems which restrict smooth operation of well drilling engineering. For the stratum with bedding and fracture development, in order to prevent the stratum from collapsing and leaking, reduce the damage to the oil-gas layer, the plugging agent is required to have stronger plugging property, effectively plug the bedding and fracture of the stratum, prevent the drilling fluid and the filtrate thereof from entering the stratum, and achieve the purposes of improving the bearing capacity of the stratum, stabilizing the well wall, preventing well leakage and protecting the oil-gas layer. The blocking performance of the plugging agent is an important index for performance evaluation, and is related to borehole stability and reservoir protection.
At present, the experimental device for testing the plugging performance is few, and the existing experimental device generally has the problems that the experimental condition is too different from the actual formation condition, the simulated formation temperature range is small, the simulation system is not in accordance with the formation fracture diversification characteristic, the tested temporary plugging agent/plugging agent is single in shape, and the like, or the actual formation condition can be simulated to the maximum extent, but the device has the defects of high production cost, high experimental cost, large floor area, complex operation and the like, and is not beneficial to developing related research.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, a plurality of temporary plugging agents and high-temperature and high-pressure evaluation experiment technologies of the plugging agents are integrated, so that the aim of one instrument with multiple purposes is fulfilled, the requirements of scientific research laboratories and product detection laboratories of oil and gas temporary plugging scientific research institutions and enterprise and public institution units are met, and scientific and reliable bases are provided for related scientific research and production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, comprising:
the system comprises an injection system, a simulation system, a temperature control system, a leakage system, a metering system and a data acquisition system;
the injection system comprises a large-displacement pump, a piston container and a gas pressure regulating system, wherein the large-displacement pump is used as a power system and is used for injecting fluid in different flow ranges;
the simulation system comprises a special plugging core holder, a plugging spherical hole plate, an extrusion crushing mold and a ring pressure tracking pump, and is used for simulating a shaft and underground cracks;
the temperature control system is a semi-open type heating and heat preservation device, and the working temperature is room temperature-200 +/-1 ℃; the semi-open type heating and heat-preserving device is provided with a temperature controller and a temperature probe, is provided with a communication port through PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation, is networked with a computer, and is used for heating and heat-preserving the simulation system so as to simulate the geothermal energy of the stratum;
the leakage system comprises an alternating current servo motor, a controller and a rotating mechanism and is used for metering the leakage amount of the temporary plugging agent and the drilling fluid;
the metering system comprises pressure measurement, temperature measurement and flow metering; the pressure measurement is used for measuring the inlet and outlet pressure and the annular pressure of the rock core, and all the pressures are displayed by a WP-C901-20-12-P pressure digital display meter or are acquired by a computer through an RS232 port on the digital display meter;
the data acquisition comprises a data acquisition card, an industrial personal computer, a printer and acquisition processing software, and is used for acquiring pressure, temperature and flow parameters and carrying out operation processing on the data.
The working pressure of the large displacement pump is 0-50 MPa, the working flow is 0.1mL-500mL, the volume of the piston container is 2000mL, the pressure resistance is 50MPa, and the large displacement pump is used for storing a displacement medium and has a buffering effect.
The upper end of the left half part of the special core holder is provided with a reaction kettle for containing working fluid, and the working fluid is fracturing fluid and drilling fluid; the lower end of the left half part is provided with a test template for mounting various simulated leaking layers so as to deal with the complex diversity of the underground leaking layers; the test template comprises a long hole template and a round hole template; the size of the plugging core holder is set to be 25mmx100mm, the confining pressure is 55MPa, the width of the long hole template is 1-5 mm, and the length of the long hole template is 100 mm; the diameter of the circular hole template is 2-10mm, and the length is 100 mm; the plug part of the inlet of the transverse rock core holder is respectively provided with two symmetrical grooves, and liquid flows through the grooves through a longitudinal pressure container to inject liquid into the transverse rock core holder;
the right end of the core holder is a columnar cylindrical hollow pipe, a blind hole at one end is formed, the outer annular space of the plugging spherical pore plate is used for flowing fluid, a plurality of plugging spherical pore plates are arranged, the same pore diameter is uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pore plate cylinder, the diameter is set to be 6-10mm, and the length is set to be 100 mm;
the crushing aperture of the crushing die is 5-10mm, and the damage degree of different cracks and holes of the stratum to the leakage blocking ball is simulated by replacing the crushing modules with different apertures.
The system also comprises an automatic control system which is used for controlling the pressure, the temperature and the CV, automatically collecting all the pressure, the temperature and the flow and controlling the operation of the pump.
In addition, the invention provides a method for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, which is tested by the experimental device for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, and comprises the following steps:
selecting a simulated crack or simulated perforation type, putting a sample to be tested into a rock core holder or a kettle, containing a working fluid, and putting a displacement fluid into a piston container;
connecting a reaction kettle containing the working fluid with a piston container, and ensuring that all parts of the whole experimental device are well connected and sealed;
starting an automatic heating system to heat the simulation system, stopping heating when the simulation system is heated to the temperature required by the simulated stratum, and entering a heat preservation mode;
setting experiment pressure, starting a large-displacement pump, injecting displacement fluid by the operation of a computer, enabling the displacement fluid to enter an inner cylinder of a simulated shaft module through a pipeline under the pushing of high pressure, enabling the displacement fluid to enter a simulation system for plugging experiments, and collecting leaked loss fluid into the leakage system through a simulated crack module for automatic metering;
changing the pressure and temperature required by the experiment, the plugging condition of the plugging agent/temporary plugging agent under different pressure and temperature conditions can be measured; the type of the plugging agent/temporary plugging agent is changed, and the temporary plugging performance of different plugging agents/temporary plugging agents can be measured and compared; the temporary plugging performance for different cracks or holes can be measured by changing the types of the simulated cracks or simulated holes.
The experimental device and the method for testing the plugging capability for drilling and fracturing have the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the materials such as the plugging agent for drilling, the temporary plugging ball for fracturing, the particle temporary plugging agent, the powder temporary plugging agent, the fiber temporary plugging agent and the like, the plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing can test the plugging performance of the materials by adopting the device and the corresponding working method; the characteristics of a shaft and a crack are fully considered, and the plugging capability test of the plugging material in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction and the plugging capability test of the temporary plugging material under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions can be carried out; the dynamic and static plugging capability of the material under the conditions of large discharge capacity and large particle size can be tested; the influence of factors such as temperature, pressure, pump injection displacement, liquid performance, types and performances of plugging materials and temporary plugging materials, shaft conditions, fracture characteristics and the like on the plugging performance can be comprehensively analyzed, the experimental conditions are closer to the stratum conditions of engineering construction, and the reliability of experimental data is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dynamic sand bed plugging experiment and simulation of a core plate or metal plate crack performed by the plugging capability testing experimental apparatus for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a plugging experiment performed by the plugging capability testing experimental apparatus for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plugging capability testing experimental apparatus for drilling and fracturing according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view and a side view of a transverse core holder of the experimental apparatus for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a plugging ball orifice plate of the plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion crushing mold of the plugging capability testing experimental device for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a time-dependent variation curve of the temporary plugging ball leakage under different pressures according to the plugging capability testing method for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention;
fig. 8 is a time-dependent variation curve of the leakage amount in four temporary plugging ball simulation holes according to the plugging capability testing method for drilling and fracturing provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described, but not limited to, by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides an experimental apparatus for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, comprising: the system comprises an injection system 1, a simulation system 2, a temperature control system 3, a leakage system 4, a metering system 5 and a data acquisition system 6.
The injection system 1 consists of a large displacement pump, a piston container, a gas pressure regulating system and the like. The large-displacement pump is used as a power system and is mainly used for injecting fluid in different flow ranges and pressurizing a simulation module system; the gas pressure regulating system adopts nitrogen for pressurization, the experiment pressure is controlled by a computer control system, the pressurization can also be controlled by manual input, the inlet and the outlet read pressure values through pressure gauges, the maximum pressurization of 50MPa can be realized by a large displacement pump, and the field experiment requirements can be completely met according to the proportion of experimental equipment to the actual field scale.
The simulation system consists of a special plugging core holder, a plugging spherical hole plate, an extrusion crushing mold and a ring pressure tracking pump and is used for simulating a shaft and underground cracks. The simulation system and the injection system are connected through a mud tank and a piston container, and the mud tank and the piston container are used for containing working fluid such as cement paste and fracturing.
As shown in figures 3 and 4, the core holder is provided with a test module for installing various simulated leakage layers, long hole templates, round hole templates and leakage stoppage ball hole plates with different sizes and shapes are selected to perform plugging and temporary plugging performance evaluation aiming at materials such as a leakage plugging agent for drilling, a temporary plugging ball for fracturing, a particle temporary plugging agent, a powder temporary plugging agent, a fiber temporary plugging agent and the like, the crushing hole diameter of the extrusion crushing die is 5-10mm, and the damage degree of different cracks of a stratum to the leakage plugging ball can be simulated by replacing extrusion modules with different hole diameters.
Before the plugging performance evaluation experiment of the plugging ball is started, the annular pressure needs to be increased for a core holder in a simulation system, the plugging ball or the temporary plugging ball is placed into a plugging ball hole plate at the lower end of a reaction kettle, then well injection liquid is injected into the reaction kettle, and then the plugging performance evaluation experiment is carried out.
The temperature control system consists of a semi-open type heating and heat preservation device, the working temperature is room temperature minus 200 +/-1 ℃, and the optimized temperature control system carries out heating and heat preservation on the simulation system in an electric heating mode so as to simulate the geothermal energy of the stratum. The whole set of device is made of a temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant stainless steel material. The temperature can be manually set through a plurality of temperature control boxes, and can also be set through a computer.
The leakage system comprises an alternating current servo motor, a controller, a rotating mechanism and the like and is used for measuring the leakage amount of the temporary plugging agent. The fluid loss system is connected with the metering system and the data acquisition system, the volume and the quality of the leakage fluid can be measured in real time in the experimental process, and the data can be automatically and synchronously transmitted to the computer control system for recording and processing.
Metering systems include pressure measurement, temperature measurement, flow metering, and the like. The metering system is connected with a computer data acquisition system, and preferably a pressure transmitter 4. The pressure measurement is used for measuring the in-out pressure and the annular pressure of the rock core, all the pressures are displayed by a WP-C901-20-12-P pressure digital display meter, and can also be acquired by a computer through an RS232 port on the digital display meter. Preferably, the temperature measurement adopts a pt100 temperature measurement probe and an XMT-7512ZX-RZ temperature controller to set, control and measure the temperature. The temperature can also be set and collected by a computer. Preferably, the flow measurement uses a balance weighing method to calculate the liquid flow.
Example 2:
the plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing in embodiment 1 further comprises an automatic computer control system, wherein the computer can control the pressure and pressure change of the injection system for pressurizing the simulation system and the temperature and temperature change of the temperature control system for heating the simulation model, and can automatically collect and monitor all pressure, temperature, flow and volume and mass of leakage liquid and control the operation of the pump.
The computer software runs in a windows 2000/xp environment and adopts VB programming. The working flow of the instrument is displayed on an interface, man-machine conversation can be realized, unattended operation can be realized after an operator sets parameters, and the computer can automatically acquire all pressure, temperature and flow and control the operation of the pump. The data collected by the computer can be processed to generate an original data report, an analysis report and a curve graph, and meanwhile, the file format of the database is generated, so that the data can be flexibly used by a user.
Example 3:
the experimental device for testing the plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, which is described in embodiments 1 and 2, is characterized in that DW14 inner ferrule type high-pressure valves and pipe fittings are adopted for the valves, the pipelines and the pipe fittings, the pressure resistance is 50MPa, the material is 316L, and outlet pipelines of all pressure vessels are 6mm hard pipelines. And designing a positive and negative displacement flow, and performing a positive and negative displacement test.
In the simulation system, the special plugging core holder, the plugging spherical orifice plate and the extrusion crushing mold are all made of 316L, so that the device is not easy to damage and deform, and is temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant.
Example 4:
the experimental device for testing the plugging capability of the drilling and fracturing in the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 is different in that the specification of the fracture simulation orifice plate is complete in order to simulate the formation conditions as much as possible in consideration of the complex and irregular shape of the fracture of the formation. Wherein the thickness of the long hole template is 10mm, the length of the seam is 40mm, and the width of the seam is 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm; the thickness of the circular hole template is 5mm, the seam height is 50mm, and the seam width is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 mm. The diameter of the leakage-stopping ball orifice plate is set to be 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10mm as shown in figure 5, and the extruding and crushing hole diameter of the extruding and crushing die is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10mm as shown in figure 6 so as to adapt to the leakage-stopping ball plugging property experiments of different specifications. As shown in the attached figure 3, the leaking stoppage modules have the uniform outer diameter of 25mm and the uniform length of 50mm, and meanwhile, the pore plates can be replaced by cores and are flexibly operated.
The reaction kettle on the special core holder is a longitudinal cylindrical container and is used for containing working fluid, and a leaking stoppage ball hole plate can be installed at the bottom end of the reaction kettle and is used for carrying out a leaking stoppage ball plugging performance evaluation experiment. By adopting the test method, the simulated leaking layer is transversely cut into a plurality of layers, the distribution condition and the plugging state of the components of the plugging agent can be intuitively and accurately analyzed and researched, the research and the evaluation of the plugging effect are facilitated, and the scientific and applicable plugging scheme is determined.
Example 5:
a method of operating an assay device as described in examples 1-4, comprising:
the experimental apparatus was connected as shown in FIG. 1
(1) Selecting a simulated crack or simulated perforation type, putting a sample to be tested into a rock core holder or a kettle, and containing a working fluid and a displacement fluid;
(2) connecting a reaction kettle containing the working fluid with a piston container containing the displacement fluid, ensuring that all parts of the whole experimental device are connected and sealed, and sealing the connected parts by adopting rubber rings;
(3) setting an experiment temperature by the computer control panel, starting the automatic heating system to heat the simulation system, stopping heating when the temperature is heated to the temperature required by the simulated stratum, and entering a heat preservation mode;
(4) setting the pressure and flow of a plunger pump, starting a large displacement pump, injecting a displacement fluid by the operation of a computer, enabling the displacement fluid to enter an inner cylinder of a simulated shaft module through a pipeline under the pushing of high pressure, enabling the displacement fluid to enter a simulation system for a plugging experiment, and collecting the lost working fluid into the lost system through a simulated crack module for automatic metering. The working fluid is drilling fluid or fracturing fluid, and the displacement fluid can be corresponding working fluid or water.
(5) If the leakage liquid is not increased almost any more or the outlet pressure can be kept unchanged for a long time after a period of time, an effective temporary plugging layer can be formed, and the method can be used for researching the relationship between the time for forming the temporary plugging layer and the type and concentration of the temporary plugging agent, the pressure, the temperature and the fracture form of an experiment.
(6) After the experiment is finished, the pressure is released through the piston container and the gas pressure regulating system, the computer processes the automatically acquired data such as pressure, temperature and time and generates a data curve, and the plugging effect is better analyzed.
Example 6:
if an obvious leakage phenomenon always exists in the experimental process, the leakage liquid is continuously increased or the pressure is not changed, the effective plugging is not formed or the plugging effect is not good. The position of the temporary plugging agent in the kettle can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure and the flow of the plunger pump, if the effect is very little, the experiment needs to be carried out again, and if the three results are consistent, the maximum value of the bottom pressure of the kettle in the whole process is taken as the effective plugging pressure or the effect of the temporary plugging agent/plugging agent is not good.
Example 7:
evaluation of temporary plugging performance of different temporary plugging balls
Conditions of the experiment
Experimental temperature: room temperature;
experimental materials: plugging a ball;
experimental liquid: a polymer fracturing fluid;
experimental pressure: 10MPa and 20 MPa;
the types of the plugging balls are as follows: 6mm diameter No. 1 ball, 6mm diameter No. 2 ball, 6mm diameter No. 3 ball, 6mm diameter No. 4 ball;
sixth, experimental instrument: a plugging capability test experimental device for well drilling and fracturing comprises a beaker, a glass rod, a balance, a measuring cylinder and a stirrer.
Experimental methods
Firstly, preparing fracturing fluid, taking 500ml of clear water, adding 1.25g of polymer thickening agent under the condition of stirring by a stirrer, and standing for later use after the polymer thickening agent is completely dissolved;
secondly, placing the temporary plugging ball on a plugging ball hole plate, then placing the plugging ball hole plate on the lowest end of the reaction kettle on the special core holder, pouring fracturing fluid into the reaction kettle, and then screwing a reaction kettle cover tightly for sealing;
connecting the core holder with the injection system and the temperature control system, and carrying out an experiment according to the method in the embodiment 5;
receiving the leakage liquid at the liquid outlet by using a leakage liquid metering module, and synchronously recording experimental data by using a computer;
the experimental pressure is increased from 10MPa to 20MP, the experimental result is obtained and processed, the temporary plugging balls under two groups of pressures successfully plug the pore cracks, the change curves of the leakage liquid under two types of pressures along with time are shown in figure 7, and as can be seen from figure 7, the change curves of the leakage amount under different pressures along with time have basically the same characteristics, but the leakage amount can be reduced along with the increase of the pressure, and the effective temporary plugging time is shortened, which shows that the temporary plugging leakage amount can be reduced by properly increasing the pressure difference in a certain pressure range, and a better temporary plugging effect can be achieved;
sixthly, repeating the experiment, replacing the temporary plugging balls of different manufacturers, and measuring the temporary plugging performance of different temporary plugging balls, wherein after different temporary plugging balls are temporarily plugged under the pressure of 20MPa, the change curve of the leakage loss of the leakage liquid along with time is shown in figure 8, and as can be seen from figure 8, under the pressure difference of 20MPa, the leakage loss of No. 2 is better than that of No. 1 and better than that of No. 4 and 3, the leakage loss of No. 2 and No. 1 is slowed down after 5min, and finally the leakage loss is kept within 5.5ml, which indicates that the effective temporary plugging of No. 1 combination is basically formed in 5 min. No. 3 and No. 4 have larger initial leakage amount, and form effective plugging after 20min, and the effect is relatively inferior to that of No. 1 and No. 2.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a well drilling and fracture are with shutoff ability test experimental apparatus which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an injection system (1), a simulation system (2), a temperature control system (3), a leakage system (4), a metering system (5) and a data acquisition system (6);
the injection system (1) comprises a large-displacement pump, a piston container and a gas pressure regulating system, wherein the large-displacement pump is used as a power system and is used for injecting fluid in different flow ranges;
the simulation system (2) comprises a special plugging core holder, a plugging spherical orifice plate, an extrusion crushing mould and a ring pressure tracking pump, and is used for simulating a shaft and underground cracks;
the temperature control system (3) is a semi-open type heating and heat preservation device, and the working temperature is room temperature-200 ℃ plus or minus 1 ℃; the semi-open type heating and heat-preserving device is provided with a temperature controller and a temperature probe, is regulated by PID (proportion integration differentiation), is provided with a communication port, is networked with a computer, and is used for heating and heat-preserving the simulation system (2) so as to simulate the geothermal energy of the stratum;
the leakage system (4) comprises an alternating current servo motor, a controller and a rotating mechanism and is used for metering the leakage amount of the temporary plugging agent and the drilling fluid;
the metering system (5) comprises pressure measurement, temperature measurement and flow metering; the pressure measurement is used for measuring the inlet and outlet pressure and the annular pressure of the rock core, and all the pressures are displayed by a WP-C901-20-12-P pressure digital display meter or are acquired by a computer through an RS232 port on the digital display meter;
the data acquisition (6) comprises a data acquisition card, an industrial personal computer, a printer and acquisition processing software, and is used for acquiring pressure, temperature and flow parameters and carrying out operation processing on the data.
2. The plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working pressure of the large displacement pump is 0-50 MPa, the working flow is 0.1-500 mL, the volume of the piston container is 2000mL, the pressure resistance is 50MPa, the material is 316L material, and the device is used for storing displacement medium and has a buffering effect.
3. The plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the left half part of the special core holder is a reaction kettle for containing working fluid, and the working fluid is fracturing fluid and drilling fluid; the lower end of the left half part is provided with a test template for mounting various simulated leaking layers so as to deal with the complex diversity of the underground leaking layers; the test template comprises a long hole template and a round hole template; the size of the plugging core holder is set to be 25mmx100mm, the confining pressure is 55MPa, the width of the long hole template is 1-5 mm, and the length of the long hole template is 100 mm; the diameter of the circular hole template is 2-10mm, and the length is 100 mm; the plug part of the inlet of the transverse rock core holder is respectively provided with two symmetrical grooves, and liquid flows through the grooves through a longitudinal pressure container to inject liquid into the transverse rock core holder;
the right end of the core holder is a columnar cylindrical hollow pipe, a blind hole at one end is formed, the outer annular space of the plugging spherical pore plate is used for flowing fluid, a plurality of plugging spherical pore plates are arranged, the same pore diameter is uniformly distributed on the periphery of the pore plate cylinder, the diameter is set to be 6-10mm, and the length is set to be 100 mm;
the crushing aperture of the crushing die is 5-10mm, and the damage degree of different cracks and holes of the stratum to the leakage blocking ball is simulated by replacing the crushing modules with different apertures.
4. The plugging capability test experimental device for drilling and fracturing as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an automatic control system for controlling pressure, temperature and CV, and automatically collecting all pressure, temperature and flow and controlling the operation of the pump.
5. A method for testing plugging capability for drilling and fracturing, which is performed by the plugging capability testing experimental apparatus for drilling and fracturing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
selecting a simulated crack or simulated perforation type, putting a sample to be tested into a rock core holder or a kettle, containing a working fluid, and putting a displacement fluid into a piston container;
connecting a reaction kettle containing the working fluid with a piston container, and ensuring that all parts of the whole experimental device are well connected and sealed;
starting an automatic heating system to heat the simulation system, stopping heating when the simulation system is heated to the temperature required by the simulated stratum, and entering a heat preservation mode;
setting experiment pressure, starting a large-displacement pump, injecting displacement fluid by the operation of a computer, enabling the displacement fluid to enter an inner cylinder of a simulated shaft module through a pipeline under the pushing of high pressure, enabling the displacement fluid to enter a simulation system for plugging experiments, and collecting leaked loss fluid into the leakage system through a simulated crack module for automatic metering;
changing the pressure and temperature required by the experiment, the plugging condition of the plugging agent/temporary plugging agent under different pressure and temperature conditions can be measured; the type of the plugging agent/temporary plugging agent is changed, and the temporary plugging performance of different plugging agents/temporary plugging agents can be measured and compared; the temporary plugging performance for different cracks or holes can be measured by changing the types of the simulated cracks or simulated holes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111041394.1A CN113640473A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111041394.1A CN113640473A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113640473A true CN113640473A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
Family
ID=78425185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111041394.1A Pending CN113640473A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113640473A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111829730A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging effect evaluation device and method |
| CN114062609A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating temporary plugging effect of temporary plugging agent for blasthole |
| CN114740149A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-12 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Device and method for evaluating plugging capability of temporary plugging diverting agent in non-uniform cracks |
| CN114837645A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for researching migration-blocking process of temporary blocking agent in hydraulic fracture |
| CN115420464A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | Underground engineering fluid pressure simulation system, method and related equipment |
| CN115524459A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device for evaluating migration plugging performance of temporary plugging fracturing temporary plugging material and experimental method |
| CN116337662A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-06-27 | 山东科技大学 | Temporary plugging phase control test method for alternately injecting low-temperature fluid and water into ice crystals |
| CN116498303A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing overflow and leakage coexistence of high-inclination well drill in fractured stratum |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201794580U (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-04-13 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | High-temperature high-pressure plugging simulation testing device for drilling fluid |
| CN102562040A (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-07-11 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic evaluation instrument for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid loss |
| CN103485762A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test system and method |
| CN103510944A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-temperature and high-pressure plugging / sticking preventing simulation evaluation device and method |
| CN104747187A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Simulation experimenting device and method for high-temperature and high-pressure reinforced well wall drilling fluid |
| CN204679347U (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of drilling fluid pressurization sealing crushing test device |
| CN107202866A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-26 | 北京大学 | A kind of diverting agent temporarily blocks up henchnmrk test device and its method of work and application |
| CN108508151A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of pressure break diverting agent sealing characteristics evaluation experimental device and its working method and application |
| CN109001438A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of joint seal gas shutoff experimental simulation device and test method |
| CN208255181U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-18 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of experimental provision for testing high temperature mud performance |
-
2021
- 2021-09-07 CN CN202111041394.1A patent/CN113640473A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201794580U (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-04-13 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | High-temperature high-pressure plugging simulation testing device for drilling fluid |
| CN102562040A (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-07-11 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic evaluation instrument for high-temperature and high-pressure drilling fluid loss |
| CN103485762A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test system and method |
| CN103510944A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-temperature and high-pressure plugging / sticking preventing simulation evaluation device and method |
| CN104747187A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Simulation experimenting device and method for high-temperature and high-pressure reinforced well wall drilling fluid |
| CN204679347U (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of drilling fluid pressurization sealing crushing test device |
| CN109001438A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of joint seal gas shutoff experimental simulation device and test method |
| CN107202866A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-26 | 北京大学 | A kind of diverting agent temporarily blocks up henchnmrk test device and its method of work and application |
| CN108508151A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of pressure break diverting agent sealing characteristics evaluation experimental device and its working method and application |
| CN208255181U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-18 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of experimental provision for testing high temperature mud performance |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111829730A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging effect evaluation device and method |
| CN114062609A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating temporary plugging effect of temporary plugging agent for blasthole |
| CN114740149A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-12 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Device and method for evaluating plugging capability of temporary plugging diverting agent in non-uniform cracks |
| CN114837645A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-02 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for researching migration-blocking process of temporary blocking agent in hydraulic fracture |
| CN115524459A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device for evaluating migration plugging performance of temporary plugging fracturing temporary plugging material and experimental method |
| CN115524459B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device for evaluating migration plugging performance of temporary plugging fracturing temporary plugging material and experimental method |
| CN115420464A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | Underground engineering fluid pressure simulation system, method and related equipment |
| CN116498303A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing overflow and leakage coexistence of high-inclination well drill in fractured stratum |
| CN116498303B (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-09-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing overflow and leakage coexistence of high-inclination well drill in fractured stratum |
| US12078054B2 (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-03 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Experimental device and method for co-existence of overflow and lost circulation in fractured formation during drilling of deviated well |
| CN116337662A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-06-27 | 山东科技大学 | Temporary plugging phase control test method for alternately injecting low-temperature fluid and water into ice crystals |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113640473A (en) | Plugging capacity test experimental device and method for drilling and fracturing | |
| CN110296921B (en) | Testing device and testing method for shale gas permeability under reservoir conditions in steady state method | |
| CN106896043B (en) | Device for simulating crack initiation and evaluating crack seepage under true triaxial stress | |
| CN110907334B (en) | Device and method for measuring radial flow oil-water relative permeability of conglomerate full-diameter core | |
| CN102323394B (en) | Experimental apparatus and method for researching response characteristic of natural gas hydrate stratum to drilling fluid intrusion | |
| CN108590601B (en) | Experimental method for optimizing water injection expansion construction parameters | |
| CN107367450B (en) | Performance detection experimental device and evaluation method for expandable sieve tube | |
| CN108386177A (en) | The 3-dimensional multi-layered more well pressure break supporting cracks of one kind monitoring experimental system and method in real time | |
| CN103760085B (en) | A kind of test unit and test method thereof measuring multiscale rock permeability | |
| CN106153856B (en) | One kind evaluating apparatus of shale stability containing crack and method | |
| CN110924933A (en) | Visual experiment method for dynamically simulating shale fracturing fracture network | |
| CN109236243A (en) | Three-dimensional comprehensive reservoir hydrate sunykatuib analysis system and analysis method | |
| CN209398398U (en) | Three-dimensional comprehensive reservoir hydrate sunykatuib analysis system | |
| CN113252460A (en) | Microcosmic visual experiment device and method for migration of fracturing fluid in shale gas reservoir | |
| CN208137925U (en) | A kind of 3-dimensional multi-layered more well pressure break supporting crack real-time monitoring experimental systems | |
| CN203275179U (en) | Multifunctional aqueous polymer colloid performance test device | |
| CN102720476A (en) | O-shaped well physical simulation experiment device | |
| CN105298488A (en) | Method for testing flow conductivity in discontinuous filling mode | |
| US11905812B2 (en) | Intra-layer reinforcement method, and consolidation and reconstruction simulation experiment system and evaluation method for gas hydrate formation | |
| CN106706500A (en) | Device for determining permeability of concrete | |
| CN204269466U (en) | Containing natural gas hydrate deposits thing multifunctional triaxial compression test device | |
| CN103758512A (en) | Method and device for integrally testing reaction and seepage characteristics in oil reservoir | |
| CN109442226A (en) | Simulate the device of liquid hydrocarbon pipe leakage and the method using device measuring and calculating leakage rate | |
| CN114352238A (en) | Device and method for testing flow conductivity of natural gas hydrate production increasing seam | |
| CN109083630B (en) | Method for evaluating plugging performance of drilling fluid |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |