CN107905778A - Supercritical CO2The enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of fluid fracturing and method - Google Patents
Supercritical CO2The enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of fluid fracturing and method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/255—Methods for stimulating production including the injection of a gaseous medium as treatment fluid into the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break and method.Supercritical CO 2 is injected by source of the gas supply system and source of the gas supercharging equipment, accurate stress is applied to core by designing piston apparatus, and the permeability of hot dry rock fluid is kept using pressure high-temp resistant porous plate, and fluid acquisition room is external to by diversion trench, while adjustable acoustic emission probe is internally embedded to monitor acoustie emission event when crack extends in hydraulic fracturing process.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Integral collecting of the confined pressure condition to information such as rock hydraulic fracturing strain sound emission permeability thermal energy harvest efficiencies can be realized using the device, study crack initiation and the spread scenarios of hot dry rock hydraulic fracture；Crack initiation behavior of the hydraulic fracture under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure environment and extension extension form can be monitored in real time, while thermal energy coefficient of mining can be calculated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of physical simulation experiment device and method, more particularly to a kind of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break increases
Strong type geothermal system experimental provision and method, mainly utilize supercritical CO2Hot dry rock pressure break is carried out as pressure break liquid medium
Physical simulation experiment.
Background technology
Hot dry rock generally refers to deep in below 3000m, high temperature crystallization matter rock of the temperature at 150 ~ 350 DEG C, its releasing
Huge thermal energy can be as effective supplement of conventional fossil energy, while there is no greenhouse gas emission, so its exploration and development
Receive the common concern of countries in the world government.High temperature hot dry rock exploitation in deep is referred to as enhanced geothermal system, by utilizing shape
Formula can be divided into high heat rock mass type and volcano type, and generally require by way of pressure break to reservoir reconstruction.In addition, hot dry rock
Exploitation further include being used in combination for the other technologies such as chemical stimulation and thermostimulation and these types of technology.
Conventional hot dry rock pressure break medium is mainly water, and water can carry out heat exchange as thermal medium is taken with hot dry rock, effectively
Take heat out of earth's surface, while cooling water can be used as fracturing fluid secondary use.But hydraulic fracturing scope is usually limited
Property, the flow domain relative closure, and aqueous fracturing fluid easily produces reservoir damage and causes shortage of water resources.For this reason, utilize
Supercritical CO2Exploitation of geothermal is worth with important research.
Work as CO2Temperature and pressure be respectively at 31.1 DEG C and during more than 7.38MPa, CO2It is up to supercriticality.It is super
Critical CO2Property is between gas and liquid, the low viscosity and easy diffusivity of existing gas, also there is the high density of liquid and molten
The characteristics of solution property is good, has superpower flowing, infiltration and transfer performance, can replace clear water as fracturing fluid.It is in addition, overcritical
CO2With faintly acid, the precipitation and scale forming matter in pipeline and stratum can be dissolved.Secondly, the supercritical CO in injection well2It is close
Degree is more than the supercritical CO in producing well2Density, larger driving force can be produced in reservoir, can reduce and circulation pump power is wanted
Ask；In addition, inject supercritical CO to hot dry rock reservoir2It can realize that carbon is buried.Meanwhile it is more than 374 DEG C in exploitation of geothermal temperature
（The critical-temperature of water）Hot dry rock reservoir when, there is no conventional underground heat mining system（Using water as taking thermal medium）Titanium dioxide
Silicon problems of dissolution, so double circulation electricity generation system can be used.
At present for supercritical CO2Research in terms of the theory of fluid fracturing rock and experiment is mainly used in shale gas
Reservoir.Supercritical fluid fracturing experiments apparatus and method research for hot dry rock is all less.For utilizing supercritical CO2Stream
For body pressure break hot dry rock, there is following deficiency in current research：（1）Can not effective dry-hot simulation rock build environment；（2）No
CO can effectively be controlled2Phase, ensure supercritical CO2The generation of fracturing fluid；（3）Supercritical CO cannot be analyzed in real time2Pressure
Process hot dry rock reservoir hydraulic fracture form is split, and the permeability dynamic change before and after hot dry rock pressure break can be analyzed and assessment is super
Critical fluids fracturing developing effect.All in all, for hot dry rock hydraulic fracturing physical analogy high temperature and high voltage experimental device and
Experiment research is still immature, therefore establishes hot dry rock hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiment device and be of great significance.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at drawbacks described above existing in the prior art, there is provided a kind of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break
Enhanced geothermal system experimental provision and method, can monitor crack initiation row of the hydraulic fracture under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure environment in real time
To extend form with extension, while thermal energy coefficient of mining can be calculated.
The enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of a kind of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break that the present invention mentions, its technical solution are：
Including supercritical CO2Fluid generation equipment, pressure break agent set and supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing Information Collection System；Wherein, surpass
Critical CO2Fluid generates equipment mainly by gas booster（3）, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）, circulating cooling case（5）, CO2 stream
Body circulation heating chamber（6）With insulation fracture manifold（7）Composition, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）Pass through circulating cooling case（5）Connection
To gas booster（3）, gas booster（3）Entered by high pressure line, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）, high pressure fracture pump
（2）At the same time by CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）CO2Fluid and proppant injection chamber（8）Proppant be sent into fracturing fluid and branch
Support agent mixing arrangement（9）, the circulating cooling case（5）With CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）Successively to set meet it is overcritical
CO2The generation temperature and pressure condition of fluid；
The pressure break agent set mainly transforms chamber by supercritical fluid CO 2（25）, pressure break chamber resistive heating system（26）, pressure break
Chamber insulating layer（27）Composition, and supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）It is interior to be equipped with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, supercritical CO 2
Fluid transforms chamber（25）Outside is equipped with multigroup stress simulation device, for applying different water to supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber
Horizontal stress；
Fracturing string（14）Chamber is transformed installed in supercritical fluid CO 2（25）In the hot dry rock sample of inner cavity, also, top passes through
Injection hole（22）Connect supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, passes through venthole（23）Discharge.
Supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing Information Collection System includes, acoustic emission probe（12）, flowmeter（15）, pressure gauge
（19）, foil gauge（30）, by each component synchronous working and real-time recorded data and computer is output to, and realize that sample heats
With insulation and control pressure break process.
Preferably, foil gauge is posted on each surface of above-mentioned hot dry rock sample（30）, to monitor the rock in fracturing process
Stone deforms, while the hot dry rock sample is bonded with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and every face of high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate
4 sound emission chambers can be at least inlayed, and can be by acoustic emission probe（12）It is put into wherein, to assessment fracture pattern in real time.
Preferably, every face of above-mentioned high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate is additionally provided with least four potential test chamber, and can be by electricity
Bit test electrode is put into wherein, to the flow direction of assessment fluid in real time；And the high temperature high voltage resistant pressure transmission plate is engraved to be porous
Sky design, in pressure break bottom of chamber portion, stream has the groove that fluid flows, and hot fluid can flow to metering system for heat by pressure break chamber groove
（16）Among.
Preferably, above-mentioned hot dry rock sample uses granite, carbonate, sandstone either by manually passing through cement or stone
Cream mixing group is made, should be taken before experiment analog material carry out no less than 5 groups rock mechanics resistance to compression, tension, fracture toughness and
Porosity and permeability test, its core mechanical properties of rock and reservoir physics parameter should meet to test basic demand, manually make
Sample needs to carry out constant temperature and humidity maintenance.
Preferably, above-mentioned stress simulation device is provided with multigroup, and chamber is transformed in supercritical fluid CO 2（25）Both sides difference
Equipped with multi-level piston（11）, the multi-level piston（11）Hydraulic controller is connected respectively（24）, stress is applied by multi-level piston
It is loaded directly on high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, hot dry rock sample is then loaded into by high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate again
On.
A kind of application method for the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break that the present invention mentions, bag
Include following steps：
（1）The granite for making hot dry rock sample, carbonate, sandstone are chosen either by manually being mixed by cement or gypsum
Hot dry rock sample is made；
（2）Cut into 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3m standards and found block, manually manufactured hot dry rock sample needs to conserve in constant temperature and humidity
After be put into supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）；
（3）Heating unit is opened, hot dry rock sample is heated to by ideal temperature with constant temperature lift mode, while utilize temperature sensing
Device monitoring supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation cavity temperature, and when keeping constant temperature time 2 small more than；
（4）Stress simulation device is opened, multiaxial stress applies hot dry rock sample by high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and answering
Eyelet is drilled through under power and hot conditions, tripping in is used for the fracturing string simulated（14）, and carry out encapsulation process；
（5）Start CO2 source of the gas supply systems, open circulating cooling case（5）, gas booster（3）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers
（6）, produce supercritical CO2Fluid；
（6）Configure proppant and and supercritical CO2Fluid is in fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）Interior mixing, connection insulation
Fracture manifold（7）And open high pressure fracture pump（2）；
（7）Sound emission and potential test system are opened, utilizes acoustic emission monitoring system（21）Collect sound emission during hydraulic fracturing
Signal, using the flowing law of positioning system analysis fluid, injection fracturing fluid carries out hydraulic fracturing test；Tested by pressure gauge
Real-time pump pressure changes, and the hot fluid of equipment collection outflow is preserved using hot fluid, and real using temperature and flow sensor record
Shi Liuliang and temperature；
（8）Close high pressure fracture pump（2）, hot dry rock sample is calculated by flow and temperature acquisition result and produces fluid heat；
（9）Close supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, is directly injected into high-purity CO2, test hot dry rock sample pressure break before and after ooze
Saturating rate change；
（10）Taken out after hot dry rock sample returns to room temperature, analyze supercritical CO2Fracturing fracture macroscopic form, while fracture
Slot processing is carried out, passes through scanning electron microscope analysis micro crack form.
Preferably, above-mentioned supercritical CO2Fluid generation equipment enters fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）Need before
The temperature having is the supercritical CO of 31.1 DEG C and 7.38MPa2Build environment.
Preferably, temperature sensor is all posted on 8 surfaces of above-mentioned hot dry rock sample, and it is dry to ensure that hydraulic fracturing intracavitary meets
Hot rock in-situ high temperature environment, while error amount should be controlled within ± 0.5 DEG C of %.
Preferably, eyelet is drilled through under stress conditions to install fracturing string（14）, and the fracturing string of stainless steel（14）
Need to carry out leakproofness processing, the design of one section of annular recess is processed exposing section, in order to fill high intensity solid rubber circle with it is upper
Pressure head sealing linking；One section of embedment hot dry rock sample must process spiral thread, strengthen it after sealing and consolidate with overall
Capability；Concurrent fracturing tubing string（14）It should keep absolute upright, fracturing string（14）Perforation processing can be carried out as requested, together
When fracturing string（14）Material be made of austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel or screw thread carbon steel.
Preferably, supercritical CO2Permanent compression rate can be used during pressure break or is pumped into using permanent discharge capacity pressurization two ways
Overcritical fracturing fluid, wherein, the initial press speed of permanent discharge capacity pressuring method is slower, and with the compression of volume, rate of pressurization is got over
Carry out faster, CO2Coefficient of bulk compressibility be much larger than water, compressibility is stronger, pretends obvious with lower volume change in external pressurized,
In enclosed environment, pressure change makes CO2Phase also changes, and coefficient of bulk compressibility increases and reduces with pressure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its advantage is：
（1）First by gas booster and cooling back installation by the high concentration gaseous state CO in air pump2Liquid is converted into, with height
In 7.38MPa pressure by liquid CO2It is injected into CO2In fluid circulation heating chamber, by temperature controller in heating chamber
CO2Fluid heats, and raises the temperature to the temperature more than 31.4 DEG C, makes liquid CO2It is transformed into supercriticality；
（2）The present invention can study supercritical CO2Fracture initiation and spread scenarios during pressure break hot dry rock sample, while gather and answer
The parameters such as change-permeability-current potential, and under the different condition such as simulated injection mode, crustal stress states to hydraulic fracture crack initiation and
The influence of extension, grasp fluid flowing direction and rock sample pressure break before and after deformation.
（3）Present invention employs the design of stephanoporate steel plate hollow out to extract the hot fluid after hot dry rock heat exchange, uses at the same time
Hot fluid preserves equipment storage hot fluid, while carries out implementation measurement to hot fluid by temperature and flowmeter, meanwhile, xeothermic
Rock pressure can assess the permeability of sample before and after splitting, so as to accurately calculate hot dry rock supercritical CO2Pressure break has
Effect property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate schematic diagram；
In upper figure：Control pressurer system（1）, high pressure fracture pump（2）, gas booster（3）, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）, follow
Ring cooler bin（5）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）, insulation fracture manifold（7）, proppant injection chamber（8）, fracturing fluid and support
Agent mixing arrangement（9）, servo-cylinder（10）, multi-level piston（11）, acoustic emission probe（12）, stent（13）, fracturing string（14）、
Flowmeter（15）, hot fluid metering system（16）, temperature measuring device（17）, control valve（18）, pressure gauge（19）, blow valve
（20）, acoustic emission monitoring system（21）, injection hole（22）, venthole（23）, hydraulic controller（24）, SCF-CO 2 structural reform
Make chamber（25）, pressure break chamber resistive heating system（26）, pressure break chamber insulating layer（27）, temperature sensor（28）, temperature data acquisition
System（29）, foil gauge（30）；Acoustic emission probe chamber（2-1）, electrode be put into chamber（2-2）, hot fluid discharge aperture（2-3）.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing, it will be appreciated that described herein preferred real
Apply example to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to the drawings 1 and 2, a kind of enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break mentioned of the present invention,
Its technical solution is：Including supercritical CO2Fluid generation equipment, pressure break agent set and supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing information is collected
System；Wherein, supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment mainly by gas booster（3）, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）, circulation it is cold
But case（5）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）With insulation fracture manifold（7）Composition, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）Pass through circulation
Cooler bin（5）It is connected to gas booster（3）, gas booster（3）Entered by high pressure line, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers
（6）, high pressure fracture pump（2）At the same time by CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）CO2Fluid and proppant injection chamber（8）Proppant
It is sent into fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）, the circulating cooling case（5）With CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）Successively to
Setting meets supercritical CO2The generation temperature and pressure condition of fluid；
The pressure break agent set mainly transforms chamber by supercritical fluid CO 2（25）, pressure break chamber resistive heating system（26）, pressure break
Chamber insulating layer（27）And stent（13）Composition, and supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）It is interior to be equipped with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate,
Supercritical fluid CO 2 transforms chamber（25）Outside is equipped with multigroup stress simulation device, for applying to supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber
Different horizontal stresses；
Fracturing string（14）Chamber is transformed installed in supercritical fluid CO 2（25）In the hot dry rock sample of inner cavity, also, top passes through
Injection hole（22）Connect supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, passes through venthole（23）Discharge.
Supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing Information Collection System includes, acoustic emission probe（12）, flowmeter（15）, pressure gauge
（19）, foil gauge（30）, by each component synchronous working and real-time recorded data and computer is output to, and realize that sample heats
With insulation and control pressure break process.
Wherein, foil gauge is posted on each surface for the hot dry rock sample that the present invention mentions（30）, to monitor fracturing process
In rock deformation, while the hot dry rock sample is bonded with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate
Every face can at least inlay 4 sound emission chambers, and can be by acoustic emission probe（12）It is put into wherein, to assessment crack in real time
Form.
The every face for the high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate that the present invention mentions is additionally provided with least four potential test chamber, and can incite somebody to action
Potential test electrode is put into wherein, to the flow direction of assessment fluid in real time；And the high temperature high voltage resistant pressure transmission plate is porous
Hollow out designs, and in pressure break bottom of chamber portion, stream has the groove that fluid flows, and hot fluid can flow to heat metering system by pressure break chamber groove
System（16）Among.
The hot dry rock sample that the present invention mentions using granite, carbonate, sandstone either by manually by cement or
Gypsum mixing group is made, and analog material should be taken to carry out being no less than 5 groups of rock mechanics resistance to compression, tension, fracture toughness before experiment
Tested with porosity and permeability, its core mechanical properties of rock and reservoir physics parameter should meet to test basic demand, manually
Sample preparation needs to carry out constant temperature and humidity maintenance.
The stress simulation device that the present invention mentions be provided with it is multigroup, supercritical fluid CO 2 transform chamber（25）Both sides point
She You not multi-level piston（11）, the multi-level piston（11）Pass through servo-cylinder respectively（10）Connect hydraulic controller（24）, lead to
Cross multi-level piston application stress to be loaded directly on high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, then pass through high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate again
It is loaded on hot dry rock sample.
Referring to the drawings 2, high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate of the invention is equipped with multiple acoustic emission probe chambers（2-1）, electrode
It is put into chamber（2-2）Aperture is discharged with hot fluid（2-3）.
A kind of application method for the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break that the present invention mentions, bag
Include following steps：
（1）The granite for making hot dry rock sample, carbonate, sandstone are chosen either by manually being mixed by cement or gypsum
Hot dry rock sample is made；
（2）Cut into 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3m standards and found block, manually manufactured hot dry rock sample needs to conserve in constant temperature and humidity
After be put into supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）；
（3）Heating unit is opened, hot dry rock sample is heated to by ideal temperature with constant temperature lift mode, while utilize temperature sensing
Device monitoring supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation cavity temperature, and when keeping constant temperature time 2 small more than；
（4）Stress simulation device is opened, multiaxial stress applies hot dry rock sample by high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and answering
Eyelet is drilled through under power and hot conditions, tripping in is used for the fracturing string simulated（14）, and carry out encapsulation process；
（5）Start CO2 source of the gas supply systems, open circulating cooling case（5）, gas booster（3）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers
（6）, produce supercritical CO2Fluid；
（6）Configure proppant and and supercritical CO2Fluid is in fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）Interior mixing, connection insulation
Fracture manifold（7）And open high pressure fracture pump（2）；
（7）Sound emission and potential test system are opened, utilizes acoustic emission monitoring system（21）Collect sound emission during hydraulic fracturing
Signal, using the flowing law of positioning system analysis fluid, injection fracturing fluid carries out hydraulic fracturing test；Tested by pressure gauge
Real-time pump pressure changes, and the hot fluid of equipment collection outflow is preserved using hot fluid, and real using temperature and flow sensor record
Shi Liuliang and temperature；
（8）Close high pressure fracture pump（2）, hot dry rock sample is calculated by flow and temperature acquisition result and produces fluid heat；
（9）Close supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, is directly injected into high-purity CO2, test hot dry rock sample pressure break before and after ooze
Saturating rate change；
（10）Taken out after hot dry rock sample returns to room temperature, analyze supercritical CO2Fracturing fracture macroscopic form, while fracture
Slot processing is carried out, passes through scanning electron microscope analysis micro crack form.
Preferably, above-mentioned supercritical CO2Fluid generation equipment enters fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）Need before
The temperature having is the supercritical CO of 31.1 DEG C and 7.38MPa2Build environment.
Preferably, temperature sensor is all posted on 8 surfaces of above-mentioned hot dry rock sample, and it is dry to ensure that hydraulic fracturing intracavitary meets
Hot rock in-situ high temperature environment, while error amount should be controlled within ± 0.5 DEG C of %.
Preferably, eyelet is drilled through under stress conditions to install fracturing string（14）, and the fracturing string of stainless steel（14）
Need to carry out leakproofness processing, the design of one section of annular recess is processed exposing section, in order to fill high intensity solid rubber circle with it is upper
Pressure head sealing linking；One section of embedment hot dry rock sample must process spiral thread, strengthen it after sealing and consolidate with overall
Capability；Concurrent fracturing tubing string（14）It should keep absolute upright, fracturing string（14）Perforation processing can be carried out as requested, together
When fracturing string（14）Material be made of austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel or screw thread carbon steel.
Preferably, supercritical CO2Permanent compression rate can be used during pressure break or is pumped into using permanent discharge capacity pressurization two ways
Overcritical fracturing fluid, wherein, the initial press speed of permanent discharge capacity pressuring method is slower, and with the compression of volume, rate of pressurization is got over
Carry out faster, CO2Coefficient of bulk compressibility be much larger than water, compressibility is stronger, pretends obvious with lower volume change in external pressurized,
In enclosed environment, pressure change makes CO2Phase also changes, and coefficient of bulk compressibility increases and reduces with pressure.
Embodiment 2, the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break that the present invention mentions and embodiment 1
It is identical, it is a difference in that the application method of the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break, including following step
Suddenly：
(1) according to requirement of experiment, cement, quartz sand, clay and the water of different component are selected, and is mixed and is poured into mould and work as
In, test specimen placed in mould 72 it is small when after form removal, then and be put into maintenance 14 days in climatic chamber, cut and be processed into 300 ×
The cubical hot dry rock samples of 300 × 300mm；
(2) supercritical CO is being carried out2, it is necessary to carry out air-leakage test to whole experimental rig first before pressure break, it is ensured that sample is complete
The whole security without fracture and pipeline arrangement；Sound emission, temperature, strain, potentiometric sensor are installed further according to testing program, together
When test sensor emission and receive the accuracy of signal, debug outer ginseng signal, ensure that the time domain of multiplexed signal sampling system is same
Step property；
(3) hot dry rock sample is reinstated superhigh temperature resistant fluid sealant with porous high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate one to be sealed,
And it is sent into supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）.Then, apply multiaxial stress using servosystem, apply vertical stress first,
Then two confined pressure pumps are connected respectively using high pressure line, while pressure gauge, pressure-regulating valve and blow valve are installed on pipeline,
Simulated ground stress state；
(4) gradually increase the temperature of hot dry rock pressure break intracavitary by resistive heating device, and utilize temperature sensor monitors temperature
Degree change, when stopping when temperature reaches design temperature, and keeping constant temperature 2 small, and connects fracturing fluid inlet and hot fluid is defeated
Outlet；
(5) when hydraulic fracturing intracavitary reaches design temperature and pressure, hot dry rock sample is pierced using drilling machine, is inserted into resistance to height
Press metal tube simulation fracturing string（14）, and carry out encapsulation process using sealing ring and fluid sealant；
(6) acoustic emission monitoring system is opened, prepares the real-time monitoring, collection, processing data of acoustic emission signal；Open current potential, answer
Become, temperature monitoring system, prepare the real-time monitoring, collection, processing data of experiment current potential, strain and temperature signal；
(7) CO2 source of the gas supply systems are opened, and first turn on circulating cooling case（5）And gas booster（3）By purity 99.9%
CO2Gas is converted into liquid CO2, then pass through CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）Heat liquid CO2To supercritical CO2Fluid is given birth to
Into condition；
(8) application well borehole pressure, starts hydraulic fracturing.Start SERVO CONTROL injection pump, with constant rate of speed toward pumping in preset wellbore
Enter to simulate supercritical CO2Fracturing fluid, gradual fracturing experiments sample, while utilize pressure data recorder register hole borehole pressure size
And changing rule, crack initiation and extended dynamic using acoustic emission equipment record hydraulic fracture, are become using equipment record sample is strained
Shape dynamic, using current potential equipment record fluid flowing dynamic, flow preserves the real-time traffic and temperature of equipment collection outflow hot fluid
Degree.After drop is stablized under stress, SERVO CONTROL injection pump is closed；
(9) it should continue to keep pressure environment and flow to preserve opening of device at this time, and continue to allow hot fluid to flow out, work as hot-fluid
After body real time temperature or flow are less than setting boundary, it is believed that whole hot dry rock hydraulic fracturing simulation terminates.Close successively again at this time
Confined pressure pump is closed, blow valve is opened and unloads confined pressure；Then acoustic emission equipment, pressure data recorder are closed successively.
(10) the hot dry rock sample of experiment is taken out, observation photographs to record the final form in crack, and drills through mark to rock sample after pressure
Quasi- core, and thin slice is cut, micro-analysis is carried out by scanning electron microscope counterincision seam surface, analyzes hydraulically created fracture and thermal stress
The crack of generation.
The above, is only the part preferred embodiment of the present invention, and any those skilled in the art may profit
Equivalent technical solution is changed or is revised as with the technical solution of above-mentioned elaboration.Therefore, the technology according to the present invention
Any simple modification or substitute equivalents that scheme is carried out, belong to the greatest extent the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break, it is characterized in that：Including supercritical CO2Fluid is given birth to
Forming apparatus, pressure break agent set and supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing Information Collection System；Wherein, supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment
Mainly by gas booster（3）, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）, circulating cooling case（5）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）And guarantor
Warm fracture manifold（7）Composition, CO2 source of the gas supply systems（4）Pass through circulating cooling case（5）It is connected to gas booster（3）, gas
Booster（3）Entered by high pressure line, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）, high pressure fracture pump（2）At the same time by CO2 fluid circulations
Heating chamber（6）CO2Fluid and proppant injection chamber（8）Proppant be sent into fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）, it is described
Circulating cooling case（5）With CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers（6）Meet supercritical CO successively to set2The generation temperature of fluid and
Pressure condition；
The pressure break agent set mainly transforms chamber by supercritical fluid CO 2（25）, pressure break chamber resistive heating system（26）, pressure break
Chamber insulating layer（27）Composition, and supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）It is interior to be equipped with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, supercritical CO 2
Fluid transforms chamber（25）Outside is equipped with multigroup stress simulation device, for applying different water to supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber
Horizontal stress；
Fracturing string（14）Chamber is transformed installed in supercritical fluid CO 2（25）In the hot dry rock sample of inner cavity, also, top passes through
Injection hole（22）Connect supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, passes through venthole（23）Discharge；
Supercritical CO2Fluid fracturing Information Collection System includes, acoustic emission probe（12）, flowmeter（15）, pressure gauge（19）, should
Become piece（30）, by each component synchronous working and real-time recorded data and computer is output to, and realize sample heating and insulation
With control pressure break process.
2. the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
Post foil gauge in each surface for stating hot dry rock sample（30）, to monitor the rock deformation in fracturing process, at the same it is described dry
Hot rock sample product are bonded with high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and every face of high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate can at least inlay 4 sound
Emission cavity, and can be by acoustic emission probe（12）It is put into wherein, to assessment fracture pattern in real time.
3. the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：Institute
The every face for stating high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate is additionally provided with least four potential test chamber, and potential test electrode can be put into it
In, to the flow direction of assessment fluid in real time；And the high temperature high voltage resistant pressure transmission plate designs for porous hollow out, in pressure break bottom of chamber
Portion's stream has the groove that fluid flows, and hot fluid can flow to metering system for heat by pressure break chamber groove（16）Among.
4. the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
Hot dry rock sample is stated using granite, carbonate, sandstone either by being manually made up of cement or gypsum mixing group, is tested
Before should take analog material carry out no less than 5 groups rock mechanics resistance to compression, tension, fracture toughness and porosity and permeability survey
Examination, its core mechanical properties of rock and reservoir physics parameter should meet experiment basic demand, and artificial sample preparation needs to carry out constant temperature perseverance
Wet curing.
5. the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Institute
State stress simulation device be provided with it is multigroup, supercritical fluid CO 2 transform chamber（25）Both sides be respectively equipped with multi-level piston（11）,
The multi-level piston（11）Hydraulic controller is connected respectively（24）, stress is applied by multi-level piston and is loaded directly into high temperature resistant height
Press on stephanoporate steel plate, be then loaded into again by high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate on hot dry rock sample.
A kind of 6. enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break as any one of claim 1-5
Application method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps：
（1）The granite for making hot dry rock sample, carbonate, sandstone are chosen either by manually being mixed by cement or gypsum
Hot dry rock sample is made；
（2）Cut into 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3m standards and found block, manually manufactured hot dry rock sample needs to conserve in constant temperature and humidity
After be put into supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation chamber（25）；
（3）Heating unit is opened, hot dry rock sample is heated to by ideal temperature with constant temperature lift mode, while utilize temperature sensing
Device monitoring supercritical fluid CO 2 transformation cavity temperature, and when keeping constant temperature time 2 small more than；
（4）Stress simulation device is opened, multiaxial stress applies hot dry rock sample by high temperature high voltage resistant stephanoporate steel plate, and answering
Eyelet is drilled through under power and hot conditions, tripping in is used for the fracturing string simulated（14）, and carry out encapsulation process；
（5）Start CO2 source of the gas supply systems, open circulating cooling case（5）, gas booster（3）, CO2 fluid circulation heating chambers
（6）, produce supercritical CO2Fluid；
（6）Configure proppant and and supercritical CO2Fluid is in fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）Interior mixing, connection insulation pressure
Split manifold（7）And open high pressure fracture pump（2）；
（7）Sound emission and potential test system are opened, utilizes acoustic emission monitoring system（21）Collect sound emission during hydraulic fracturing
Signal, using the flowing law of positioning system analysis fluid, injection fracturing fluid carries out hydraulic fracturing test；Tested by pressure gauge
Real-time pump pressure changes, and the hot fluid of equipment collection outflow is preserved using hot fluid, and real using temperature and flow sensor record
Shi Liuliang and temperature；
（8）Close high pressure fracture pump（2）, hot dry rock sample is calculated by flow and temperature acquisition result and produces fluid heat；
（9）Close supercritical CO2Fluid generates equipment, is directly injected into high-purity CO2, test hot dry rock sample pressure break before and after ooze
Saturating rate change；
（10）Taken out after hot dry rock sample returns to room temperature, analyze supercritical CO2Fracturing fracture macroscopic form, while fracture
Slot processing is carried out, passes through scanning electron microscope analysis micro crack form.
7. the application method of the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 6, its
It is characterized in：The supercritical CO2Fluid generation equipment enters fracturing fluid and mixed with proppants device（9）The temperature having is needed before
Degree is the supercritical CO of 31.1 DEG C and 7.38MPa2Build environment.
8. the application method of the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 6, its
It is characterized in：Temperature sensor is all posted on 8 surfaces of the hot dry rock sample, ensures that hydraulic fracturing intracavitary meets hot dry rock original position
Hot environment, while error amount should be controlled within ± 0.5 DEG C of %.
9. the application method of the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 6, its
It is characterized in：Eyelet is drilled through under stress conditions to install fracturing string（14）, and the fracturing string of stainless steel（14）It need to carry out close
The processing of envelope property, processes one section of annular recess design exposing section, is sealed in order to fill high intensity solid rubber circle with seaming chuck
Linking；One section of embedment hot dry rock sample must process spiral thread, strengthen itself and overall crystallized ability after sealing；Together
When fracturing string（14）It should keep absolute upright, fracturing string（14）Perforation processing, concurrent fracturing pipe can be carried out as requested
Column（14）Material be made of austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel or screw thread carbon steel.
10. the application method of the enhanced geothermal system experimental provision of supercritical fluid CO 2 pressure break according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that：Supercritical CO2Permanent compression rate can be used during pressure break or is pumped into using permanent discharge capacity pressurization two ways overcritical
Fracturing fluid, wherein, the initial press speed of permanent discharge capacity pressuring method is slower, and with the compression of volume, rate of pressurization is getting faster,
CO2Coefficient of bulk compressibility be much larger than water, compressibility is stronger, pretends obvious with lower volume change in external pressurized, in closed-loop
In border, pressure change makes CO2Phase also changes, and coefficient of bulk compressibility increases and reduces with pressure.
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