CN113358480A - Coal rock mechanical test device and test method - Google Patents

Coal rock mechanical test device and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113358480A
CN113358480A CN202110521237.4A CN202110521237A CN113358480A CN 113358480 A CN113358480 A CN 113358480A CN 202110521237 A CN202110521237 A CN 202110521237A CN 113358480 A CN113358480 A CN 113358480A
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China
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coal rock
test piece
pressure
rock test
coal
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CN202110521237.4A
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CN113358480B (en
Inventor
高亚斌
任杰
郑豪
韩培壮
向鑫
郭晓亚
牛岳屾
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/082Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
    • G01N15/0826Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/04Chucks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal rock mining, and particularly relates to a coal rock mechanical test device and a test method, which solve the problem that coupling influence under different gas occurrence conditions is difficult to probe in the test process in the prior art. The device comprises a frame, a pressure device and a coal rock test piece; a sealed external pressure applying space is formed outside the coal rock test piece, and a sealed internal pressure applying space is formed in the inner cavity of the coal rock test piece; the frame is provided with an outer oil path, an inner oil path, an upper instrument path and an air path. A coal rock mechanical test method comprises the steps of introducing hydraulic oil into an external pressure applying space, introducing hydraulic oil into an internal pressure applying space, and applying independent loading or mixed loading of downward axial pressure to a coal rock test piece to respectively simulate single pressure and complex mixed stress applied to coal rock to carry out tests, and gas is conveyed into the coal rock test piece in the test process. The invention has accurate measuring system, stable and reliable load output, can change different gas occurrence conditions and has complex mixed stress loading capacity.

Description

Coal rock mechanical test device and test method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal rock mining, and particularly relates to a coal rock mechanical test device and a coal rock mechanical test method.
Background
With the increase of energy demand in China, many coal mines are gradually mining deep coal beds and coal bed gas, the difficulty of drilling in the deep coal beds is further increased, and the drilling in the coal beds is a necessary technology for realizing gas extraction and coal bed outburst elimination. The drilling process usually causes continuous change of the drilling confining pressure, the process can be simulated through the change of stress along with time under certain precision requirements, and under the high stress state of a deep coal bed, the process of the drilling confining pressure usually causes the occurrence of hole collapse, blockage and the like, and seriously threatens the extraction effect and outburst elimination effect of the coal bed gas. Therefore, the exploration of the failure mechanism and the mechanical characterization of the drill hole corresponding to the complex situation of the magnitude of the confining pressure main stress of the drill hole and the continuous change of the main stress under different gas occurrence conditions is a necessary basis for predicting and predicting disaster prevention and control in the process of mining the deep coal bed and the coal bed gas.
The existing coal mechanical test equipment at home and abroad can not simulate the continuous complex stress loading condition around the drill hole, and simultaneously is difficult to probe the coupling influence under different gas occurrence conditions, so that the test data of the drill hole of the deep coal seam is difficult to match the actual condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides the coal rock mechanical test device which is accurate in measurement system, stable and reliable in load output, capable of changing different gas occurrence conditions and complex in mixed stress loading capacity.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a coal rock mechanical test device comprises a frame, a pressing device for applying axial force and a coal rock test piece with a tubular structure;
the inside of the frame is a cylindrical cavity;
the pressing device is inserted into the frame from the top of the frame to form a moving pair with the frame, the coal rock test piece is vertically arranged in the cavity of the frame, and the pressing device applies axial pressure to the coal rock test piece;
a sealed external pressure applying space is formed outside the coal rock test piece, and a sealed internal pressure applying space is formed in the inner cavity of the coal rock test piece; the frame is provided with an outer oil path for applying space to external pressure to input hydraulic oil and an inner oil path for applying space to internal pressure to input hydraulic oil, and the frame is also provided with an upper instrument passage communicated with the space applied by external pressure and the space applied by internal pressure and an air path for inputting gas into the coal rock test piece.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the coal rock test pieces are covered with high-pressure resistant films.
Furthermore, the frame can be disassembled into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part is an upper sealing cover, the lower part is a lower disc seat, the middle part is a pressure-bearing kettle, the upper sealing cover is connected with the pressure-bearing kettle through an upper fastening bolt, and the pressure-bearing kettle is connected with the lower disc seat through a lower fastening bolt.
Furthermore, the coal rock test piece has multiple specifications, and the inner diameter or the outer diameter of each coal rock test piece of the specifications is different; and an upper fixed transmission pressing block and a lower fixed transmission pressing block which are matched with the top end and the bottom end of each specification coal rock test piece are respectively fixed at the top end and the bottom end of each specification coal rock test piece, and the upper fixed transmission pressing block and the lower fixed transmission pressing block are fixedly connected with the coal rock test pieces through fixing agents.
Furthermore, the gas path comprises an upper gas path and a lower gas path, the upper gas path is arranged at the top of the upper sealing cover, the edge of the upper fixed pressure transfer block is provided with a pressure transfer block gas path, and the pressure transfer block gas path is communicated with the upper gas path through a gas transmission pipe and is used for introducing gas into the top end of the coal rock test piece;
the lower gas path is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disc seat from the top end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block and is used for introducing gas into the bottom end of the coal rock test piece;
the outer oil way is communicated with the outer wall of the lower disc seat from the upper edge of the lower disc seat;
the inner oil way is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disc seat from the upper end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block;
the upper instrument passage is arranged at the top of the upper sealing cover, a pressure transmission block instrument passage is arranged in the center of the upper fixed pressure transmission block, and the upper instrument passage is communicated with the pressure transmission block instrument passage and the outer wall of the coal rock test piece through a data transmission line.
Further, the top end of the coal rock test piece is connected with the bottom end of the pressure device, and the bottom end of the coal rock test piece is connected with the frame;
the top end of the upper fixed pressure transmission block is provided with a groove used for being connected with a pressure applying device, the bottom end of the pressure applying device is provided with a boss, and the boss of the pressure applying device is clamped in the groove of the upper fixed pressure transmission block; the bottom of the lower fixed pressure transmission block is provided with a boss, the top of the lower disk seat is provided with a groove, and the boss of the lower fixed pressure transmission block is clamped in the groove of the lower disk seat.
Furthermore, the groove for fixing the pressure transmission block and the groove for fixing the lower disk seat are both rectangular.
Furthermore, the top of the upper sealing cover is provided with a through hole for the pressure applying device to pass through, the top of the upper sealing cover is sealed by a sealing rubber ring, and the pressure applying device extends out of the bottom end of the upper sealing cover and is connected with the upper fixed pressure transfer block at the lower end of the upper sealing cover so as to transfer axial pressure to the coal rock test piece.
Further, the frame, the coal rock test piece and the pressing device are coaxially arranged; the fixing agent is silica gel; the pressure applying device is a jack.
A coal rock mechanical test method is characterized in that strain gauges are attached to the inner wall and the outer wall of a coal rock test piece and are divided into grids, hydraulic oil is introduced into an external pressure applying space, hydraulic oil is introduced into an internal pressure applying space, and the coal rock test piece is subjected to independent loading or mixed loading of downward axial pressure to simulate single pressure and complex mixed stress respectively for testing, gas is continuously conveyed into the coal rock test piece in the loading process of the testing, the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece under different gas pressures are simulated by changing the conveyed gas pressure, and the influence of different gas components on the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece is simulated and tested by changing the conveyed gas components.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the frame, the pressing device, the coal rock test piece and the upper and lower fixed pressure transmission blocks respectively isolate the generation spaces of axial pressure, internal pressure and external pressure, so that the internal pressure, external pressure and axial pressure of the coal rock test piece can be loaded independently or in a mixed manner in the test process, single pressure and complex mixed stress borne by the coal rock can be simulated respectively, gas can be conveyed into the coal rock test piece body in the test process, the actual condition that the coal rock is loaded by the complex mixed stress in different gas adsorption states can be simulated, the coal rock mechanical experiment is improved, and the mechanical properties of the test piece under different gas pressures can be simulated by changing the conveyed gas pressure; the influence of different gas components on the mechanical property of the test piece can be simulated by changing the different components of the conveying gas;
2. according to the application, the high-pressure-resistant film is wrapped on the surface of the coal rock test piece, so that the coal rock test piece is isolated from oil liquid, the strain value of the coal rock test piece can be measured in a mode of pasting strain gages or dividing grids on the inner wall and the outer wall of the coal rock test piece during the test, and data are transmitted to an external structural system, so that the requirements of different mechanical tests are met;
3. the oil pump can apply space oil transportation to the internal pressure and the external pressure by adopting the precisely controlled oil pump, the effect of precisely controlling the internal pressure and the external pressure is achieved, and the stress in three practical directions can be changed at any time by changing the pressure of the oil pump and the pressure of the jack in the pressure loading process, so that various constant stresses and the complex conditions of the stress changing along with time can be simulated;
4. the device can also measure the change of the permeability of the test piece by measuring the gas pressure difference of the upper and lower gas circuits and utilizing Darcy's law, can be used for different mechanical tests and has multiple functions;
5. the upper and lower fixed transmission pressing blocks play a role in fixing the test piece and transmitting pressure, and the upper and lower fixed transmission pressing blocks with different sizes can be replaced to adapt to the coal rock test pieces with different sizes;
therefore, the invention can solve the problem of poor single effect of the complex stress loading simulation capability means in the coal-rock mechanical test, can independently or mixedly load axial pressure, internal pressure and external pressure, and can test the coupling effect of the gas occurrence state and the coal-rock mechanical property through the reserved upper and lower gas circuits; meanwhile, the invention has simple structure, easy operation and maintenance and low cost, and can meet the requirements of various indoor coal-rock mechanical tests.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a pressure applying device, 2-an upper sealing cover, 3-a sealing rubber ring, 4-an upper instrument passage, 5-an upper gas circuit, 6-an upper fastening bolt, 7-a pressure-bearing kettle, 8-a data transmission line, 9-a gas transmission pipe, 10-an upper fixing pressure-transmitting block, 11-a pressure-transmitting block instrument passage, 12-a pressure-transmitting block gas passage, 13-a coal rock test piece, 14-an internal pressure applying space, 15-a lower fixing pressure-transmitting block, 16-a lower gas circuit, 17-a lower disc seat, 18-an internal oil circuit, 19-an external oil circuit, 20-a lower fastening bolt, 21-a frame and 22-an external pressure applying space.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a coal rock mechanical test device comprises a frame 21, a pressing device 1 for applying axial force and a coal rock test piece 13 with a tubular structure;
the inside of the frame 21 is a cylindrical cavity;
the pressing device 1 is inserted into the frame 21 from the top of the frame 21 and forms a moving pair with the frame 21, the coal rock test piece 13 is vertically arranged in a cavity of the frame 21, and the pressing device 1 applies axial pressure to the coal rock test piece 13;
the outer part of the coal rock test piece 13, the frame 21 and the pressing device 1 form a sealed external pressure applying space 22, and the inner cavity of the coal rock test piece 13, the frame 21 and the pressing device 1 form a sealed internal pressure applying space 14; the frame 21 is provided with an outer oil passage 19 for supplying hydraulic oil to the outer pressure applying space 22 and an inner oil passage 18 for supplying hydraulic oil to the inner pressure applying space 14, and the frame 21 is further provided with an upper instrument passage 4 communicated with the outer pressure applying space 22 and the inner pressure applying space 14 and an air passage for supplying air to the inside of the coal rock test piece 13.
The surfaces of the coal rock test pieces 13 are covered with high-pressure-resistant films, so that the coal rock test pieces 13 are isolated from oil in the external pressure applying space 22 and the internal pressure applying space 14.
The frame 21 can be disassembled into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part is an upper sealing cover 2, the lower part is a lower disc seat 17, the middle part is a pressure-bearing kettle 7, the upper sealing cover 2 is connected with the pressure-bearing kettle 7 through an upper fastening bolt 6, and the pressure-bearing kettle 7 is connected with the lower disc seat 17 through a lower fastening bolt 20, so that the coal rock test piece 13 can be conveniently replaced.
The coal rock test piece 13 has multiple specifications, and the inner diameter or the outer diameter of each coal rock test piece 13 of the specifications is different; the top end and the bottom end of each specification coal rock test piece 13 are respectively fixed with an upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 and a lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 which are matched with the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 and the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15, the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 and the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 are fixedly connected with the coal rock test piece 13 through fixing agents, and the upper fixed pressure transmission block and the lower fixed pressure transmission block play roles in fixing the test piece and transmitting pressure.
The gas path comprises an upper gas path 5 and a lower gas path 16, the upper gas path 5 is arranged at the top of the upper sealing cover 2, a pressure transfer block gas path 12 is arranged at the edge of the upper fixed pressure transfer block 10, and the pressure transfer block gas path 12 is communicated with the upper gas path 5 through a gas transmission pipe 9 and is used for introducing gas into the top end of the coal rock test piece 13;
the lower gas path 16 is communicated from the top end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 to the outer edge of the lower disc seat 17 and is used for introducing gas into the bottom end of the coal rock test piece 13;
the outer oil passage 19 is communicated from the upper edge of the communicated lower disc seat 17 to the outer wall of the lower disc seat 17;
the inner oil path 18 is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disc seat 17 from the upper end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15;
the upper instrument passage 4 is arranged at the top of the upper sealing cover 2, a pressure transmission block instrument passage 11 is arranged in the center of the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10, and the upper instrument passage 4 is communicated with the pressure transmission block instrument passage 11 and the outer wall of the coal rock test piece 13 through a data transmission line 8.
The top end of the coal rock test piece 13 is connected with the bottom end of the pressure device 1, and the bottom end is connected with the frame 21;
the top end of the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 is provided with a groove used for being connected with the pressure applying device 1, the bottom end of the pressure applying device 1 is provided with a boss, and the boss of the pressure applying device 1 is clamped in the groove of the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10; the bottom end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 is provided with a boss, the top of the lower disc seat 17 is provided with a groove, and the boss of the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 is clamped in the groove of the lower disc seat 17.
The groove of the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 and the groove of the lower disc seat 17 are both rectangular, and torsion of the coal rock test piece 13 is limited.
The top of the upper sealing cover 2 is provided with a through hole for the pressure applying device 1 to pass through, and the through hole is sealed by the sealing rubber ring 3 and used for isolating oil liquid in the pressure-bearing kettle 7, and the pressure applying device 1 extends out from the bottom end of the upper sealing cover 2 and is connected with the upper fixed pressure-transmitting block 10 at the lower end of the upper sealing cover so as to transmit axial pressure to the coal rock test piece 13.
The frame 21, the coal rock test piece 13 and the pressing device 1 are coaxially arranged; the fixing agent is silica gel; the pressure applying device 1 is a jack.
The lower disc seat 17 consists of two concentric cylinders with narrow upper parts and wide lower parts, and the lower disc seat 17 is provided with an outer oil way 19 communicated with the upper edge and the outer wall of the lower disc seat 17; the center of the lower fixed pressure-transmitting block 15 and the center of the lower disk seat 17 are provided with an inner oil path 18, and the inner oil path 18 is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disk seat 17 from the upper end of the lower fixed pressure-transmitting block 15.
The lower fixed pressure-transmitting block 15 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone formed by two concentric cylinders with narrow upper part and wide lower part, and is positioned on the same straight line with the center of the lower disc seat 17, the lower fixed pressure-transmitting block 15 and the lower disc seat 17 are provided with a lower air passage 16, and the lower air passage 16 is communicated from the top end of the lower fixed pressure-transmitting block 15 to the outer edge of the lower disc seat 17; the circle centers of the upper sealing cover 2 and the lower disc seat 17 are positioned on the same straight line and fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing kettle 7 through an upper fastening bolt 6, an upper steam passage 5 and an upper instrument passage 4 which run through the upper edge and the lower edge of the upper sealing cover 2 are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper sealing cover 2, and the edge of an upper fixed pressure-transmitting block 10 is provided with a pressure-transmitting block gas passage 12 which is communicated with the upper gas passage 5 through a gas transmission pipe 9 and is used for transmitting gas; the center of the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 is provided with a pressure transmission block instrument passage 11, and the pressure transmission block instrument passage 11 is communicated with the upper instrument passage 4 through a data transmission line 8 and used for transmitting test data.
The coal rock test piece 13, the upper fixed pressure transmission block 10 and the lower fixed pressure transmission block 15 are tightly connected into a whole.
The external pressure is changed by transferring oil to the external pressure applying space 22 through the external oil path 19; the internal pressure is changed by transferring oil to the internal pressure applying space 14 through the internal oil passage 18; the coal rock test piece 13 is internally provided with a space for the action of gas and the coal rock test piece 13, the gas is conveyed to the space through the lower gas circuit 16 and the upper gas circuit 5, the lower gas circuit 16 and the upper gas circuit 5 are used for conveying gas into the coal rock test piece 13, the mechanical properties of the test piece under different gas pressures can be simulated by changing the pressure of the conveyed gas, and the influence of different gas components on the mechanical properties of the test piece can be simulated by changing the different components of the conveyed gas; the actual state of the coal rock is simulated, so that the coupling effect of the gas occurrence state and the mechanical property of the coal rock is tested, and the test result is more accurate.
A coal rock mechanical test method, paste the foil gage and divide the grid on the inner and outer wall of the coal rock test piece 13, the data link of the foil gage is communicated to the external receiving system through transmitting the instrument channel 11 of the briquetting, data transmission line 8 and upper instrument channel 4, thus transmit the measured data of the foil gage to the receiving system in real time, divide the grid and can observe the deformation condition of different grids through the visual observation; the outer ends of the outer oil path 19 and the inner oil path 18 are connected with a hydraulic oil pump which is accurately controlled, in the test process, hydraulic oil is introduced into the external pressure applying space 22, hydraulic oil is introduced into the internal pressure applying space 14, and the pressing device 1 applies single loading or mixed loading of downward axial pressure to the coal rock test piece 13 to respectively simulate single pressure and complex mixed stress applied to the coal rock to carry out tests (the axial pressure, the internal pressure and the external pressure can be respectively regarded as axial pressure, radial pressure and circumferential pressure of a unit body), and continuously delivering gas into the coal rock test piece 13 in the loading process of the test (the outer ends of the lower gas path 16 and the upper gas path 5 are connected with a gas pump for delivering gas in the test process), the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece 13 under different gas pressures are simulated by changing the pressure of the conveyed gas, and simulating and testing the influence of different gas components on the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece 13 by changing the components of the conveying gas.
After the test is finished, the excessive gas is discharged through the lower gas path 16 and the upper gas path 5, the oil pressure is released to unload the internal and external pressure, and the jack is lifted.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a coal petrography mechanical test device which characterized in that: the coal rock test piece comprises a frame (21), a pressing device (1) for applying axial force and a coal rock test piece (13) with a tubular structure;
the interior of the frame (21) is a cylindrical cavity;
the pressing device (1) is inserted into the frame (21) from the top of the frame (21) to form a moving pair with the frame (21), the coal rock test piece (13) is vertically arranged in a cavity of the frame (21), and the pressing device (1) applies axial pressure to the coal rock test piece (13);
a sealed external pressure applying space (22) is formed outside the coal rock test piece (13), and a sealed internal pressure applying space (14) is formed in the inner cavity of the coal rock test piece (13); an outer oil way (19) used for inputting hydraulic oil to the external pressure applying space (22) and an inner oil way (18) used for inputting hydraulic oil to the internal pressure applying space (14) are arranged on the frame (21), and an upper instrument passage (4) communicated with the external pressure applying space (22) and the internal pressure applying space (14) and an air path for inputting air into the coal rock test piece (13) are further formed in the frame (21).
2. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the coal rock test piece (13) is covered with a high-pressure resistant film.
3. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the frame (21) can be disassembled into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the upper part is an upper sealing cover (2), the lower part is a lower disc seat (17), the middle part is a pressure-bearing kettle (7), the upper sealing cover (2) is connected with the pressure-bearing kettle (7) through an upper fastening bolt (6), and the pressure-bearing kettle (7) is connected with the lower disc seat (17) through a lower fastening bolt (20).
4. A coal petrography mechanical test apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the coal rock test piece (13) has multiple specifications, and the inner diameter or the outer diameter of each coal rock test piece (13) of the specifications is different; an upper fixed pressure transmission block (10) and a lower fixed pressure transmission block (15) which are matched with the top end and the bottom end of each specification coal rock test piece (13) are respectively fixed on the top end and the bottom end of each specification coal rock test piece (13), and the upper fixed pressure transmission block (10) and the lower fixed pressure transmission block (15) are fixedly connected with the coal rock test pieces (13) through fixing agents.
5. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 4, characterized by: the gas path comprises an upper gas path (5) and a lower gas path (16), the upper gas path (5) is arranged at the top of the upper sealing cover (2), a pressure transfer block gas path (12) is arranged at the edge of the upper fixed pressure transfer block (10), and the pressure transfer block gas path (12) is communicated with the upper gas path (5) through a gas transmission pipe (9) and is used for introducing gas into the top end of the coal rock test piece (13);
the lower gas path (16) is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disc seat (17) from the top end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block (15) and is used for introducing gas into the bottom end of the coal rock test piece (13);
the outer oil way (19) is communicated to the outer wall of the lower disc seat (17) from the upper edge of the lower disc seat (17);
the inner oil way (18) is communicated to the outer edge of the lower disc seat (17) from the upper end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block (15);
go up instrument passageway (4) and open the top of last sealed lid (2), go up fixed biography briquetting (10) center and open and have to pass briquetting instrument passageway (11), go up instrument passageway (4) and pass briquetting instrument passageway (11) and the outer wall intercommunication of coal petrography test piece (13) through data transmission line (8).
6. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 5, characterized in that: the top end of the coal rock test piece (13) is connected with the bottom end of the pressure device (1), and the bottom end of the coal rock test piece is connected with the frame (21);
the top end of the upper fixed pressure transmission block (10) is provided with a groove used for being connected with the pressure applying device (1), the bottom end of the pressure applying device (1) is provided with a boss, and the boss of the pressure applying device (1) is clamped in the groove of the upper fixed pressure transmission block (10); the bottom end of the lower fixed pressure transmission block (15) is provided with a boss, the top of the lower disc seat (17) is provided with a groove, and the boss of the lower fixed pressure transmission block (15) is clamped in the groove of the lower disc seat (17).
7. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 6, characterized in that: the groove of the upper fixed pressure transmission block (10) and the groove of the lower disc seat (17) are both rectangular.
8. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 7, characterized by: the top of the upper sealing cover (2) is provided with a through hole for the pressure applying device (1) to pass through, and the upper sealing cover is sealed by the sealing rubber ring (3), and the pressure applying device (1) extends out from the bottom end of the upper sealing cover (2) and is connected with the upper fixed pressure transmitting block (10) at the lower end of the upper sealing cover so as to transmit axial pressure to the coal rock test piece (13).
9. The coal petrography mechanical test device of claim 8, characterized by: the frame (21), the coal rock test piece (13) and the pressing device (1) are coaxially arranged; the fixing agent is silica gel; the pressing device (1) is a jack.
10. A coal rock mechanical test method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of attaching strain gauges to the inner wall and the outer wall of a coal rock test piece (13) and dividing grids, introducing hydraulic oil into an external pressure applying space (22), introducing hydraulic oil into an internal pressure applying space (14), and respectively simulating single pressure and complex mixed stress borne by coal rock by independent loading or mixed loading of downward axial pressure applied to the coal rock test piece (13), continuously conveying gas into the coal rock test piece (13) in the loading process of the test, simulating the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece (13) under different gas pressures by changing the conveyed gas pressure, and simulating and testing the influence of different gas components on the mechanical properties of the coal rock test piece (13) by changing the conveyed gas components.
CN202110521237.4A 2021-05-13 2021-05-13 Coal rock mechanical test device and test method Active CN113358480B (en)

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