CN112369302A

CN112369302A - Tree nutrient soil and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112369302A
Application number: CN202011234075.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成劲
Original assignee: Hunan Gaoer Landscaping Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Gaoer Landscaping Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-24
Filing date: 2020-11-07
Publication date: 2021-02-19

Abstract

The application relates to the field of seedling cultivation, and particularly discloses tree nutrient soil and a preparation method thereof. The tree nutrient soil comprises the following components: 6-12 parts of grass, 6-12 parts of branches, 150 parts of culture soil 130-containing materials, 10-16 parts of organic fertilizer, 6-10 parts of cake, 20-40 parts of water, 10-16 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of insecticide and 4-6 parts of nutrient. The tree nutrient soil can be used for tree transplantation, has the advantages of high porosity and high water retention rate, and can further improve the survival rate and the growth speed of trees using the nutrient soil.

Description

Tree nutrient soil and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, in particular to tree nutrient soil and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In order to achieve the purpose of beautifying urban environment, urban landscaping construction is actively developed in each city in China, and in the process of urban landscaping, a tree transplanting technology plays an important role and is the basis for guaranteeing the survival rate of trees. In the process of transplanting trees, nutrient soil is generally used to improve the survival rate of the transplanted trees.

At present, nutrient soil commonly used in the market is usually formed by mixing culture soil, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the nutrient soil acts on root systems of trees, can change the growth environment of the trees and provides required nutrient substances and fertilizers for the growth of the trees. Wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting animal wastes.

However, at present, the nutrient soil is compact, and the nutrient soil is easy to harden in the using process, so that the porosity of the nutrient soil is low, the gas circulation is poor, the ventilation is not smooth, the growth of the root system of the tree is not facilitated, and the survival rate of the tree is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the porosity of the nutrient soil, the application provides tree nutrient soil and a preparation method thereof.

In a first aspect, the application provides a tree nutrient soil, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the tree nutrient soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of grass, 6-12 parts of branches, 150 parts of culture soil 130-containing materials, 10-16 parts of organic fertilizer, 6-10 parts of cake, 20-40 parts of water, 10-16 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of insecticide and 4-6 parts of nutrient.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the traditional nutrient soil, the application has the advantages that the porosity of the nutrient soil can be improved by adding the branches, so that the permeability and the water retention rate of the nutrient soil can be improved, the survival rate of transplanted trees is improved, and the growth of the transplanted trees is promoted; in addition, the addition of the branches makes the nutrient substances of the nutrient soil richer, so that the survival rate of transplanted trees can be further improved; the addition of the grass and the culture soil can promote the fermentation of the branches and can provide required nutrients for the growth of the trees. The organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are added, so that nutrient substances required by growth can be further provided for the transplanted trees, and the survival rate and the growth rate of the transplanted trees are further improved. The nutrient and the substance obtained after the disinsection and the fermentation are compounded, and can be uniformly dispersed in the culture soil, so that the durability and the stability of the nutrient for providing nutrition for trees can be improved; meanwhile, the insecticide is compounded with the fermented product, so that the dispersibility of the insecticide can be improved, the insecticide is uniformly dispersed in the nutrient soil, the insecticidal range of the insecticide is expanded, and the insecticidal durability of the insecticide is improved.

In conclusion, the formula of the invention adopts specific raw materials, and limits the proportion of the raw materials, so that the air permeability and the water holding rate of the nutrient soil can be improved, the smoothness of tree root system respiration is improved, and the root system of the tree is ensured to absorb water; and all the raw materials are matched with each other, so that the nutrient contents of the nutrient soil are richer, and the survival rate and the growth rate of the transplanted trees can be further improved.

Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of grass, 8-10 parts of branches, 6-9 parts of silt, 145 parts of culture soil, 12-14 parts of organic fertilizer, 7-9 parts of cake, 25-35 parts of water, 12-14 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4.5-5.5 parts of nutrient and 4-6 parts of insecticide.

By adopting the technical scheme, the proportioning range of the raw materials is reduced, and the survival rate of the transplanted tree can be further improved by the prepared tree nutrient soil. The reason is analyzed, the matching effect of the raw materials is better under the mixture ratio, and the advantages of the components can be further exerted through the synergistic effect of the raw materials, so that the nutrients of the nutrient soil are improved.

Preferably, the culture soil is one or two of loess and field soil.

By adopting the technical scheme, the loess and the field soil have wide sources and low price.

Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking 1-2 parts of human manure, 1-2 parts of chicken manure, 1-2 parts of rabbit manure, 1-2 parts of cow manure, 1-2 parts of eggshell, 1-2 parts of kitchen waste, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate and 10-12 parts of water by weight, and performing mixed fermentation for 10-12 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.

By adopting the technical scheme, the ferric sulfate can be used as a pesticide to kill pests in organic fertilizer, reduce the phenomenon that the pests bite tree root systems and improve the survival rate of tree transplantation on one hand; in addition, during the fermentation process of human excrement, chicken manure, rabbit manure, cow manure, egg shells and kitchen waste, hydrogen sulfide is generated, so that unpleasant smell is generated, the addition of ferric sulfate can react with reductive hydrogen sulfide to absorb hydrogen sulfide gas, and the unpleasant smell generated in the manufacturing process of organic fertilizer is reduced. Ferric sulfate is reduced into ferrous sulfate by hydrogen sulfide, ferrous ions are taken as one of microelements for the growth of trees, can be absorbed by the trees, improve the metabolic capability of the trees, are beneficial to enhancing the disease resistance of the trees, and further can further promote the growth of the trees. In addition, the ferrous sulfate can increase the air permeability of the soil, improve the respiration of the root system of the tree, adjust the water content of the soil, create good conditions for the growth of the root system of the tree and the activity of soil microorganisms, and further promote the growth of the tree.

Preferably, the cake comprises rapeseed cake, sesame cake and linseed cake, wherein the weight ratio of the rapeseed cake to the sesame cake to the linseed cake is (1-2): (1-2): (1-2).

By adopting the technical scheme, the rapeseed cake meal, the sesame cake meal and the linseed cake meal can be fermented to generate various nutrients required by transplanted trees, so that the nutrient substances of the nutrient soil are enriched, and the growth of the trees can be promoted.

Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer comprises a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the potassium fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is (1-2): (1-2): (1-2).

By adopting the technical scheme, the addition of the potassium fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer and the phosphate fertilizer can promote the photosynthesis of the trees, control and adjust the activity of various mineral nutrient elements, control the delivery of nutrients and water and maintain the internal pressure of cells, thereby preventing the trees from withering; meanwhile, the trunk is promoted to grow buds and branches, and the growth of the tree can be further promoted.

Preferably, the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps of:

a: adding 30-32 parts of diatomite raw soil powder into 320 parts of water 300-300, adding 10-15 parts of polyacrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 1-2, uniformly stirring, and drying;

b: dissolving 4-6 parts of chitosan in 50-60 parts of acetic acid solution with pH value of 5-6.5, and ultrasonically oscillating for 2-3 h;

c: and (4) adding the product obtained in the step (A) into the product obtained in the step (B), and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2-3h to obtain the pesticide.

By adopting the technical scheme, the pests in the nutrient soil can be killed by adding the chitosan, the number of the pests in the nutrient soil is reduced, the condition that the pests bite the root system of the tree to cause the death or disease of the tree can be reduced, and the survival rate and the growth rate of the tree are improved. The diatomite raw soil powder also has an insecticidal effect, and the diatomite raw soil powder and the chitosan can achieve a synergistic insecticidal effect, so that the insecticidal effect of the nutrient soil can be ensured; simultaneously, the former soil powder of diatomaceous earth has the hydroscopicity, and then the water-retaining ability of nutrient soil can be promoted in the addition of former soil powder of diatomaceous earth, and then can provide the water resource for the root system of trees, guarantees that the root system of trees absorbs sufficient moisture, and then can promote the growth of trees. After ultrasonic oscillation, the chitosan is distributed in the diatomite raw soil powder, so that the loss phenomenon of the chitosan can be reduced, the sterilization slow release performance of the chitosan can be ensured, the sterilization effect of the chitosan can be ensured, the sterilization durability of the nutrient soil can be ensured, and the growth rate of trees can be promoted.

Preferably, the preparation method of the nutritional agent comprises the following steps:

a: soaking 80-90 parts of montmorillonite in 500 parts of 480-one mixed solution of magnesium salt, calcium salt, ferrous salt and zinc salt, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1-2 hours;

b: taking 10-20 parts of carbon nano tube, putting the carbon nano tube into 80-100 parts of mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 1-2h, and then washing and drying;

c: and D, soaking the product obtained in the step B into 80-90 parts of a mixed solution of a magnesium salt, a calcium salt, a ferrous salt and a zinc salt, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1-2 hours, adding the product obtained in the step A, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2-3 hours to obtain the nutritional agent.

By adopting the technical scheme, the magnesium ions, the calcium ions, the ferrous ions and the zinc ions can be absorbed by the root system of the tree, so that the required trace elements are provided for the growth of the tree, and the growth of the tree is promoted. The montmorillonite is in a lamellar shape, and magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions can be embedded into the montmorillonite layer. In addition, the stability of magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions can be improved, the phenomenon that the magnesium ions, the calcium ions, the ferrous ions and the zinc ions are lost is reduced, meanwhile, the slow release performance of the magnesium ions, the calcium ions, the ferrous ions and the zinc ions can be guaranteed, and the durability of nutrition provided for the trees by the nutrient soil is guaranteed. The montmorillonite has water absorption, and the water retention of the nutrient soil can be improved by adding the montmorillonite, so that the root system of the tree can be ensured to fully absorb water.

Meanwhile, the carbon nano tubes can adsorb magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions, the carbon nano tubes can enter the montmorillonite layers to fill gaps of the montmorillonite, the quantity of the magnesium ions, the calcium ions, the ferrous ions and the zinc ions adsorbed by the montmorillonite can be increased, the content of nutrient elements in the nutrient soil can be further ensured, and the nutrients of the nutrient soil can be increased.

Meanwhile, the montmorillonite has good water absorption capacity, the water retention of the nutrient soil can be further improved by adding the montmorillonite, sufficient water absorption of tree root systems is guaranteed, and the growth of trees is further promoted.

Preferably, the carbon nanotubes are single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, single-walled carbon nanotube itself can destroy the cell wall of bacterium, and then can kill the bacterium, and then can guarantee the antibacterial property of nutrient soil. Meanwhile, the single-walled carbon nanotubes have few defects and good uniformity, so that the stability of adsorbing magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions can be ensured, the slow release property of the magnesium ions, the calcium ions, the ferrous ions and the zinc ions can be ensured, and the durability of the nutrient soil for providing nutrient elements for tree roots can be ensured.

In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of tree nutrient soil, which comprises the following steps:

a: pulverizing grass and branches until the particle size is within 0.2-0.4cm, and mixing with silt soil;

b: uniformly mixing the product obtained in the step A with culture soil, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, cake and water, keeping the humidity of the material at 70-80%, fermenting at 65-75 ℃ for 5-6 days, and turning over;

c: c, taking the product obtained in the step B, keeping the humidity of the material at 70-80% again, fermenting for 5-6 days at the temperature of 65-75 ℃, and turning over the pile;

d: and D, adding a nutrient and an insecticide into the product obtained in the step C, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutrient soil.

By adopting the technical scheme, the fermentation of the branches can be accelerated by crushing the branches to 0.2-0.4cm, the silt soil contains organic humus and can promote the growth of trees, and meanwhile, the microorganisms in the silt soil can promote the decomposition and fermentation of the branches and leaves. And the nutrient soil fermented under the conditions has strong fertility, and in addition, the method has simple preparation process and is convenient for mass production.

In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

1. the branches, the grass, the silt soil, the culture soil, the organic fertilizer, the inorganic fertilizer and the cake can provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the transplanted tree, so that the survival rate of the tree can be improved, and the growth of the tree can be promoted; in addition, the branches can improve the porosity of the nutrient soil, so that the air permeability and the water retention rate of the nutrient soil are improved, the respiratory performance and the water absorption performance of tree roots are promoted, and the survival rate of trees is improved.

2. Human manure, chicken manure, rabbit manure, cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure, eggshell and kitchen waste, wherein organic fertilizer prepared by fermenting ferric sulfate can provide nutrient substances required by growth for transplanted trees, the ferric sulfate can play a role in inhibiting bacteria and killing insects, and meanwhile, the ferric sulfate can play a role in loosening nutrient soil, so that the breathing smoothness of tree root systems is improved, and the growth of trees is promoted; in addition, ferric sulfate is reduced by hydrogen sulfide generated in the organic fertilizer fermentation process to produce ferrous sulfate, the root system of the tree absorbs ferrous ions, and the ferrous ions can improve the metabolic capability and disease resistance of the tree, so that the growth of the tree can be further promoted.

3. The pesticide can achieve the effects of killing insects and inhibiting bacteria, so that pests can be reduced to bite the root system of the tree, and the survival rate of the tree is improved; in addition, the diatomite raw soil can improve the water retention of the nutrient soil, further improve the water absorption effect of tree roots and further improve the survival rate of trees.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the following examples and comparative examples:

nitrogen fertilizer is purchased from Jinan Johnson chemical Co., Ltd under the condition of No. 7 calcium cyanamide;

the potassium fertilizer is purchased from mineral source potassium fulvate with the product number of 009 from Shandong Ruihe Hongde chemical engineering Co., Ltd;

the phosphate fertilizer is purchased from calcium superphosphate of chemical technology limited company in the Jinan fragrance garden;

the diatomite raw soil is obtained from diatomite of Junlian diatomite Co., Ltd, Yixing city;

the sheep manure organic fertilizer is purchased from sheep manure organic fertilizer of Zhengdinghuixiang biological technology limited company;

inorganic fertilizer is purchased from good seedling compound fertilizer of the Fengrun agricultural goods supermarket;

preparation example of organic Fertilizer

Preparation example 1

A preparation method of an organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

10kg of human excrement, 20kg of chicken manure, 10kg of rabbit manure, 20kg of cow manure, 10kg of sheep manure, 20kg of pig manure, 10kg of eggshell, 20kg of kitchen waste, 5kg of ferric sulfate and 12kg of water are stirred and mixed, the mixture is placed into a fermentation tank, the humidity of the material in the fermentation tank is ensured to be 70%, the temperature is 60 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 10 days, and the turning treatment is carried out once every two days.

Preparation example 2

A preparation method of an organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

20kg of human excrement, 10kg of chicken manure, 20kg of rabbit manure, 10kg of cow manure, 20kg of sheep manure, 10kg of pig manure, 20kg of eggshell, 10kg of kitchen waste, 8kg of ferric sulfate and 10kg of water are taken, stirred and mixed, placed in a fermentation tank, fermented for 10 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of materials in the fermentation tank is ensured to be 70%, and turned and piled once every two days.

Preparation example 3

A preparation method of an organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

15kg of human excrement, 15kg of chicken manure, 15kg of rabbit manure, 15kg of cow manure, 15kg of sheep manure, 15kg of pig manure, 15kg of eggshell, 15kg of kitchen waste, 6.5kg of ferric sulfate and 11kg of water are taken, stirred and mixed, placed in a fermentation tank, the humidity of materials in the fermentation tank is ensured to be 70%, the temperature is 60 ℃, fermentation is carried out for 10 days, and pile turning treatment is carried out every two days.

Preparation example 4

A preparation method of an organic fertilizer is different from the preparation example 3 in that the raw materials for preparing the organic fertilizer do not contain ferric sulfate.

Preparation of insecticides

Preparation example 5

A preparation method of a pesticide comprises the following steps:

a: adding 3kg of diatomite raw soil powder into 32kg of water, adding 1kg of polyacrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value to be 2, uniformly stirring, and drying;

b: dissolving 0.4kg of chitosan in 5kg of acetic acid solution with the pH value of 6.5, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 3 h;

c: and (4) adding the product obtained in the step (A) into the product obtained in the step (B), and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours to obtain the pesticide.

Preparation example 6

A preparation method of a pesticide comprises the following steps:

a: adding 3.2kg of diatomite raw soil powder into 30kg of water, adding 1.5kg of polyacrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 1, uniformly stirring, and drying;

b: dissolving 0.6kg of chitosan in 6kg of acetic acid solution with the pH value of 5, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 2 h;

c: and (4) adding the product obtained in the step (A) into the product obtained in the step (B), and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 3 hours to obtain the pesticide.

Preparation example 7

A preparation method of a pesticide comprises the following steps:

a: adding 3.1kg of diatomite raw soil powder into 31kg of water, adding 1.25kg of polyacrylamide, uniformly stirring, adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 1.5, uniformly stirring, and drying;

b: dissolving 0.4kg of chitosan in 5.5kg of acetic acid solution with the pH value of 6, and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 2-3 h;

c: and (4) adding the product obtained in the step (A) into the product obtained in the step (B), and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2.5 hours to obtain the pesticide.

Preparation example 8

A process for producing an insecticide, which is different from the insecticide produced in production example 7 in that the raw material of the insecticide does not contain diatomaceous earth.

Preparation of nutrient

Preparation example 9

A preparation method of a nutritional agent comprises the following steps:

a: soaking 4kg of montmorillonite in a mixed solution of 25L of 1mol/L magnesium sulfate, 1mol/L calcium sulfate, 1mol/L ferrous sulfate and 1mol/L zinc sulfate, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1 hour;

b: putting 1kg of single-walled carbon nanotube into a mixed solution of 2.5kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98% and 2.5kg of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, and washing and drying after ultrasonic oscillation for 1 h;

c: b, soaking the product obtained in the step B in a mixed solution of 4.5kg of 1 mol/magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, ferrous nitrate and zinc chloride, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1 hour, adding the mixture into the product obtained in the step A, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 3 hours to obtain a nutritional agent;

preparation example 10

A preparation method of a nutritional agent comprises the following steps:

a: soaking 4.5kg of montmorillonite in a mixed solution of 24L of 1mol/L magnesium sulfate, 1mol/L calcium sulfate, 1mol/L ferrous sulfate and 1mol/L zinc sulfate, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours;

b: taking 0.5kg of single-walled carbon nanotube, putting the single-walled carbon nanotube into a mixed solution of 2kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98% and 2kg of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, and washing and drying after ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours;

c: b, soaking the product obtained in the step B in a mixed solution of 4.5L of 1mol/L magnesium chloride, 1mol/L calcium chloride, 1mol/L ferrous nitrate and 1mol/L zinc chloride, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1 hour, adding the mixture into the product obtained in the step A, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours to obtain the nutrient;

preparation example 11

A preparation method of a nutritional agent comprises the following steps:

a: soaking 4.75kg of montmorillonite in a mixed solution of 24.5L of 1mol/L magnesium sulfate, 1mol/L calcium sulfate, 1mol/L ferrous sulfate and 1mol/L zinc sulfate, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours;

b: taking 0.75kg of single-walled carbon nanotube, putting the single-walled carbon nanotube into a mixed solution of 2.25kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98% and 2.25kg of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, and washing and drying after ultrasonic oscillation for 1.5 h;

c: b, soaking the product obtained in the step B in a mixed solution of 4.75L of 1mol/L magnesium chloride, 1mol/L calcium chloride, 1mol/L ferrous nitrate and 1mol/L zinc chloride, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1.5h, adding the product obtained in the step A, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2.5h to obtain the nutrient;

preparation example 12

A method for producing a nutritional supplement, which is different from preparation example 11 in that, in step B, single-walled carbon nanotubes are all replaced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes of equal weight.

Examples

Example 1

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

step 1: placing 12kg of grass and 6kg of branches in a grinder, grinding to the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm, adding 10kg of silt soil with the water content of 70%, and placing in a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;

step 2: putting the product obtained in the step 1, 130kg of loess, 16kg of the organic fertilizer obtained in the preparation example 1, 2.5kg of rapeseed cake, 5kg of sesame cake, 2.5kg of flaxseed cake and 40kg of water into an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, uniformly mixing, keeping the humidity of the materials in the fermentation tank at 70% and the temperature at 75 ℃, and turning over after fermenting for 5 days;

and step 3: continuously placing the product obtained in the step (2) in an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, keeping the humidity of the material at 80% and the temperature at 65 ℃, and turning the material after fermenting for 6 days;

and 4, step 4: and (3) adding 8kg of calcium cyanamide, 4kg of potassium fulvate, 4kg of calcium phosphate, 4kg of the nutrient obtained in the preparation example 9 and 7kg of the pesticide obtained in the preparation example 5 into the product obtained in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Example 2

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

step 1: placing 6kg of grass and 12kg of branches in a grinder to be ground into particles with the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm, then adding 5kg of silt soil with the water content of 70%, and placing the mixture in a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;

step 2: taking the product obtained in the step 1, 150kg of loess, 10kg of the organic fertilizer obtained in the preparation example 1, 1.5kg of rapeseed cake, 1.5kg of sesame cake, 3kg of flaxseed cake and 20kg of water, placing the materials in an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, uniformly mixing, keeping the humidity of the materials in the fermentation tank at 80% and the temperature at 65 ℃, and turning over after fermenting for 6 days;

and step 3: continuously placing the product obtained in the step (2) in an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, keeping the humidity of the material at 70% and the temperature at 75 ℃, and turning the material after fermenting for 5 days;

and 4, step 4: and (3) adding 5kg of calcium cyanamide, 2.5kg of potassium fulvate, 2.5kg of calcium phosphate, 6kg of the nutrient obtained in the preparation example 10 and 3kg of the pesticide obtained in the preparation example 6 into the product obtained in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Example 3

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

step 1: placing 9kg of grass and 9kg of branches in a grinder to be ground into particles with the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm, then adding 7.5kg of silt soil with the water content of 70%, and placing the mixture in a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;

step 2: putting the product obtained in the step 1, 140kg of loess, 13kg of the organic fertilizer obtained in the preparation example 3, 4kg of rapeseed cake meal, 2kg of sesame cake meal, 2kg of flaxseed cake meal and 30kg of water into an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, uniformly mixing, keeping the humidity of the material in the fermentation tank at 75%, keeping the temperature at 70 ℃, and turning over after fermenting for 5.5 days;

and step 3: continuously placing the product obtained in the step (2) in an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, keeping the humidity of the material at 75 percent and the temperature at 70 ℃, and turning the pile after fermenting for 5.5 days;

and 4, step 4: and (3) adding 4kg of calcium cyanamide, 4kg of potassium fulvate, 5kg of calcium phosphate, 5kg of the nutrient obtained in preparation example 11 and 5kg of the pesticide obtained in preparation example 7 into the obtained substance in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Example 4

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

step 1: placing 8kg of grass and 10kg of branches into a grinder, grinding to the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm, adding 6kg of silt soil with the water content of 70%, and placing into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;

step 2: putting the obtained substance in the step 1, 145kg of loess, 12kg of the organic fertilizer obtained in the preparation example 3, 3kg of rapeseed cake meal, 3kg of sesame cake meal, 3kg of flaxseed cake meal and 25kg of water into an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, uniformly mixing, keeping the humidity of the material in the fermentation tank at 75%, keeping the temperature at 70 ℃, and turning over after fermenting for 5.5 days;

and 4, step 4: and (3) adding 4kg of calcium cyanamide, 4kg of potassium fulvate, 4kg of calcium phosphate, 4.5kg of the nutrient obtained in the preparation example 11 and 6kg of the insecticide obtained in the preparation example 7 into the product obtained in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Example 5

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

step 1: placing 10kg of grass and 8kg of branches in a grinder to be ground into particles with the particle size of 0.2-0.4cm, then adding 9kg of silt soil with the water content of 70%, and placing the mixture in a stirrer to be uniformly mixed;

step 2: putting the product obtained in the step 1, 135kg of loess, 14kg of the organic fertilizer obtained in the preparation example 3, 2kg of rapeseed cake meal, 2kg of sesame cake meal, 3kg of flaxseed cake meal and 35kg of water into an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, uniformly mixing, keeping the humidity of the material in the fermentation tank at 75%, keeping the temperature at 70 ℃, and turning over after fermenting for 5.5 days;

and 4, step 4: and (3) adding 4kg of calcium cyanamide, 4kg of potassium fulvate, 6kg of calcium phosphate, 5.5kg of the nutrient obtained in preparation example 11 and 4kg of the pesticide obtained in preparation example 7 into the product obtained in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Example 6

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil is different from that in example 3 in that in step 2, the organic fertilizer obtained in preparation example 3 is replaced by the same amount of organic fertilizer in preparation example 4.

Example 7

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil is different from that of example 3 in that in step 4, the same amount of the insecticide obtained in preparation example 8 is used instead of the insecticide obtained in preparation example 7.

Example 8

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil is different from that in example 3 in that in step 4, the nutrient obtained in preparation example 11 is replaced by the same amount of the nutrient obtained in preparation example 12.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

A preparation method of nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

and uniformly stirring 140kg of field soil, 13kg of sheep manure organic fertilizer and 10kg of good seedling compound fertilizer to obtain the tree nutrient soil.

Comparative example 2

The preparation method of the tree nutrient soil is different from the embodiment 3 in that the raw materials do not contain branches.

Comparative example 3

The preparation method of the tree nutrient soil is different from the embodiment 3 in that the preparation raw materials do not contain pesticides.

Comparative example 4

The preparation method of the tree nutrient soil is different from the embodiment 3 in that the raw materials do not contain a nutrient.

Comparative example 5

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil is different from that of example 3 in that 4kg of grass, 15kg of branches, 4kg of silt soil and 160kg of loess are adopted, 8kg of organic fertilizer obtained in preparation example 3, 2kg of calcium cyanamide, 2kg of mineral source potassium fulvate, 2kg of diammonium phosphate, 2kg of rapeseed meal, 2kg of sesame meal, 2kg of linseed meal, 2kg of nutrient obtained in preparation example 11 and 2kg of pesticide obtained in preparation example 7 are adopted.

Comparative example 6

A preparation method of tree nutrient soil is different from that of example 3 in that 15kg of grass, 4kg of branches, 12kg of silt soil, 120kg of culture soil, 18kg of organic fertilizer obtained in preparation example 3, 6kg of calcium cyanamide, 6kg of mineral source potassium fulvate, 6kg of diammonium phosphate, 4kg of rapeseed meal cake, 4kg of sesame cake, 4kg of linseed meal cake, 10kg of nutrient obtained in preparation example 11 and 10kg of pesticide obtained in preparation example 7.

Transplantation experiments

Firstly, excavating a tree pit with a square of 80cm, filling nutrient soil back into the tree pit, then excavating a small tree pit, planting healthy tree seedlings with the diameter of 3-4cm and the tree height of 1.2-1.5m in the small tree pit, and finally backfilling the small tree pit with the nutrient soil. The time for transplanting the saplings is in the beginning of the fourth month. Wherein 200 seedlings were planted per group of examples. Poplar seedlings were used in this application.

Performance test

After the saplings are transplanted for two months, sampling and detecting the nutrient soil in the tree pits, wherein a three-point sampling method is adopted for each sampling point, 100g of soil which is 10cm away from the nursery stocks and 5-15cm away from the surface layer of the ground is taken for each sampling point, and the following tests are carried out after the soil is uniformly mixed:

1) nematode number detection experiments: the nematodes are collected and separated by sucrose centrifugation, observed under a dissecting mirror and the number of the nematodes is determined.

2) Actinomycete quantity detection experiment: the actinomycete is cultured by adopting a Gao's 1 culture medium for 72h at 25 ℃ and tested by adopting a plate dilution coating method.

3) Soil porosity ratio:

(1) taking a soil sample, weighing the wet mass as m₁Immersing the soil sample in liquid paraffin (volume V)₁) In a large number of cups, the volume V at that time being measured after standing still₂And then the volume of the soil sample is V:

V＝V₂-V₁.

(2) taking out the soil sample, and putting the soil sample into the same measuring cup after the soil sample is twisted into pieces. After standing for a while, the volume V at that time was measured₃. At this time, a small amount of liquid paraffin may float on the water layer due to the unevenness of the soil sample pores or the existence of impurities, and a small amount of liquid paraffin may fill the pores or be adsorbed on the impurities, but the test result is hardly affected, because the density of the liquid paraffin is less than that of water, and the liquid paraffin and the water have obvious layering phenomenon, and the volume of the part can be measured by using only V₃This volume is subtracted. The volume V of air in the soil_{Air conditioner}＝V₂-V₃The sum of the volume of the soil particles and the water contained in the soil sample is as follows:

V_{soil and water}＝V-V_{Air conditioner}＝V₃-V₁.

(3) Filtering the mixture in the measuring cup by using filter paper, separating soil particles from water, removing residual water in the soil particles by using an alcohol combustion method or directly using liquid paraffin for combustion, weighing the soil particles after cooling to room temperature, and marking the soil particles as m₂The mass of water contained in the soil is m_{Water (W)}＝m₁-m₂From this, the volume V of water contained in the soil can be further calculated_{Water (W)}：

V_{Water (W)}＝m_{Water (W)}/ρ_{Water (W)}＝(m₁-m₂)/ρ_{Water (W)}

(4) Computing

Volume V of soil particles_{Soil for soil}Is composed of

V_{Soil for soil}＝V_{Soil and water}-V_{Water (W)}＝(V₃-V₁)-V_{Water (W)}.

The volume of the pores in the soil is the sum of the volume of air in the soil and the volume of free water contained in the soil, i.e. V_Hole(s)＝V_{Air conditioner}+V_{Water (W)}(ii) a Therefore, the void ratio e is:

4) testing the water absorption and water holding time of the nutrient soil:

20g of the nutrient soil obtained in the examples and the comparative examples are placed in a glass funnel, 500ml of clear water is repeatedly introduced into the glass funnel, the glass funnel is kept still for 5min, excessive water is leaked, and the weight of the sample after water absorption is weighed to calculate the water absorption rate.

The natural airing time (namely the water holding time) after water absorption: placing 120ml of nutrient soil on a planar vessel, introducing the measured water absorption amount, placing in natural air, and measuring the air drying time

5) The tree performance was tested 3 years after tree transplantation, ten trees were extracted per group and the average value was tested.

TABLE 1 determination of transplanted Tree Properties

TABLE 2 determination of nutrient soil performance

Referring to table 1, the survival rate and the growth rate of the trees in example 3 are higher than those of the trees in comparative example 1, which shows that the nutrient soil has a scientific and reasonable formula and can improve the survival rate and the growth rate of the trees.

As can be seen from table 2, the pore ratio, the water retention rate and the water retention time of the nutrient soil in example 3 are all higher than those of the nutrient soil in comparative example 1, which indicates that the proportioning and the formula of the nutrient soil are scientific and reasonable, and the branches, the grass and the cake meal are proved to be fermented to make the nutrient soil more loose, so that the smoothness of the tree root respiration can be improved, the tree respiration effect can be promoted, and the tree survival rate and the growth rate can be improved; the porosity risees, can promote the space that nutrient soil holds moisture and air, and then can promote nutrient soil's water holdup and water holding time, the back is transplanted to trees, before root system absorptive capacity does not resume, because branch and leaf transpiration moisture is dehydrated too much, lead to the internal moisture imbalance of trees to cause trees to die, when nutrient soil has good water holdup, can guarantee that the trees root system absorbs moisture, and then can promote trees to grow new root, promote the survival rate of trees and the growth rate of trees. In example 3, the number of nematodes is lower than that in comparative example 1, which shows that the addition of the pesticide can reduce pests in the nutrient soil, further reduce the condition that the pests bite the root system of the tree to cause diseases or death of the tree, and improve the survival rate and growth rate of transplanted trees.

As can be seen from Table 2, the number of actinomycetes in the nutrient soil of example 3 is higher than that of actinomycetes in the nutrient soil of comparative example 1, and by combining Table 1, the survival rate and the growth rate of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 3 are higher than those of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in comparative example 1, and the survival rate and the growth rate of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in Table 1 prove that the number of anti-actinomycetes in the nutrient soil can be increased after branches, grass and cake meal are fermented. The actinomycetes are the main power for soil substance conversion, the increase of the number of the actinomycetes is beneficial to decomposing organic matters of soil, and antibiotics and hormone substances are generated, so that the growth of certain pathogenic bacteria can be inhibited, a certain prevention and treatment effect on various diseases is achieved, and the survival rate of trees and the growth rate of trees can be further improved.

As can be seen from table 2, the number of nematodes in the nutrient soil obtained in example 6 is greater than that in the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, the porosity ratio, water retention rate and water retention time of the nutrient soil obtained in example 6 are less than those of the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, and by combining table 1, the survival rate and growth rate of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 6 are less than those of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, which proves that after fermentation treatment, ferric sulfate remains, which can achieve an insecticidal effect, reduce the phenomenon that pests gnaw the root system of trees, and further improve the survival rate of trees; meanwhile, in the process of preparing the pesticide, ferric sulfate is reduced into ferrous sulfate by hydrogen sulfide, and ferrous ions are absorbed by the root system of the tree, so that nutrient substances can be provided for the growth of the tree, and the survival rate of the tree and the growth of the tree are further improved.

As can be seen from table 2, the number of nematodes in the nutrient soil obtained in example 7 is greater than that in the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, and the porosity ratio, water retention rate and water retention time of the nutrient soil obtained in example 7 are less than those of the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, and in combination with table 1, the survival rate and growth rate of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 7 are less than those of trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, so that the diatomite raw soil can achieve an insecticidal effect, thereby reducing the phenomenon that the trees die due to the fact that the nematodes bite the roots of the trees, and improving the survival rate of the trees; in addition, the addition of the diatomite raw soil can improve the agglomeration effect of the nutrient soil, so that the porosity of the nutrient soil can be improved; in addition, the diatomite raw soil can improve the water holding capacity of the nutrient soil, so that the effect of water absorption of tree roots can be improved, and the survival rate of trees is improved; meanwhile, the ferrous ions, the calcium ions, the magnesium ions and the zinc ions are inserted into the interlayer of the montmorillonite, so that the montmorillonite can reduce the loss of the ferrous ions, the calcium ions, the magnesium ions and the zinc ions, ensure the slow release performance of the nutrient, provide nutrient substances for the growth of trees for a long time and further promote the growth of the trees.

As can be seen from table 1, the survival rate and the growth rate of the trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 6 are higher than those of the trees using the nutrient soil obtained in example 3, which indicates that the single-walled carbon nanotubes have fewer defects and better uniformity than multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and further can ensure the stability of adsorbing magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions, ensure the slow release of the magnesium ions, calcium ions, ferrous ions and zinc ions, further ensure the durability of the nutrient soil for providing nutrient elements for the root systems of the trees, and improve the growth rate of the trees.

In conclusion, the formula disclosed by the invention can improve the looseness of the nutrient soil, further improve the water retention rate and water retention time of the nutrient soil, improve the respiratory capacity and water absorption capacity of the root system of the tree, and further improve the survival rate and growth rate of the tree; in addition, the formula provided by the invention can improve the number of actinomycetes in the nutrient soil, reduce the number of nematodes in the nutrient soil, further improve the capability of the tree in absorbing nutrient substances and reduce the phenomenon that the trees die due to the fact that the nematodes bite the trees, and thus the survival rate and the growth rate of the trees can be improved.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The tree nutrient soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of grass, 6-12 parts of branches, 150 parts of culture soil 130-containing materials, 10-16 parts of organic fertilizer, 6-10 parts of cake, 20-40 parts of water, 10-16 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of insecticide and 4-6 parts of nutrient.

2. The tree nutrient soil according to claim 1, wherein: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of grass, 8-10 parts of branches, 6-9 parts of silt, 145 parts of culture soil, 12-14 parts of organic fertilizer, 7-9 parts of cake, 25-35 parts of water, 12-14 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 4.5-5.5 parts of nutrient and 4-6 parts of insecticide.

3. The tree nutrient soil according to claim 1, wherein: the culture soil is one or two of loess or field soil.

4. The tree nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking 1-2 parts of human manure, 1-2 parts of chicken manure, 1-2 parts of rabbit manure, 1-2 parts of cow manure, 1-2 parts of eggshell, 1-2 parts of kitchen waste, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate and 10-12 parts of water by weight, and performing mixed fermentation for 10-12 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.

5. The tree nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cake comprises rapeseed cake, sesame cake and linseed cake, and the weight ratio of the rapeseed cake, the sesame cake and the linseed cake is (1-2): (1-2): (1-2).

6. The tree nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the potassium fertilizer to the phosphate fertilizer is (1-2): (1-2): (1-2).

7. The nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the pesticide comprises the following steps in parts by weight:

8. The nutrient soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nutrient agent comprises the following steps in parts by weight:

a: soaking 80-90 parts of montmorillonite in 500 parts of 480-one mixed solution of magnesium salt, calcium salt, iron salt and zinc salt, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1-2 hours;

c: and D, soaking the product obtained in the step B into 80-90 parts of a mixed solution of magnesium salt, calcium salt, iron salt and zinc salt, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 1-2 hours, adding the product obtained in the step A, and performing ultrasonic oscillation for 2-3 hours to obtain the nutrient.

9. The nutrient soil of claim 8, wherein the carbon nanotubes are single-walled carbon nanotubes.

10. A method of preparing a nutrient soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

a: pulverizing grass and branches until the particle size is within the range of 0.2-0.4 cm;

b: uniformly mixing the obtained substance in the step A with culture soil, organic fertilizer, cake and water, fermenting for 5-6 days at 65-75 ℃ and keeping the humidity of the material at 70-80%, and turning over;

d: and D, adding an inorganic fertilizer, a nutrient and an insecticide into the substance obtained in the step C, and uniformly stirring to obtain the nutrient soil.