CN112363428B - River course is gone into sea mouth water quality monitoring devices based on PIC chip - Google Patents
River course is gone into sea mouth water quality monitoring devices based on PIC chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN112363428B CN112363428B CN202011200133.5A CN202011200133A CN112363428B CN 112363428 B CN112363428 B CN 112363428B CN 202011200133 A CN202011200133 A CN 202011200133A CN 112363428 B CN112363428 B CN 112363428B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
- G05B2219/21137—Analog to digital conversion, ADC, DAC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25033—Pc structure of the system structure, control, syncronization, data, alarm, connect I-O line to interface
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Abstract
The invention provides a PIC chip-based river channel sea entrance water quality monitoring device, which comprises a buoy, a bottom barrel, a micro generator, a micro water turbine, a computer control panel, a vertical support, an indicator lamp, a lampshade, a transmitting antenna, a connecting pipe, a tee joint, a first water pump, a second water pump, a tail vane, a sensor group, a storage battery, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a universal joint, a rocking hammer and a micro control chip.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water quality monitoring device, in particular to a PIC chip-based river course sea entrance water quality monitoring device, and belongs to the technical field of environment monitoring.
Background
The river course entering the sea mouth in China is more, the ecological environment close to the entering sea mouth is very beautiful, the air is very fresh, the vegetation on the two banks of the river course is exuberant, the vegetation and the water in the river course have very rich biological resources, the detection is carried out on the ecological environment of the river course entering the sea mouth, the ecological environment monitoring system not only has positive significance for protecting the river course entering the sea mouth and maintaining the ecological function, but also has economic value and social significance for protecting animals and plants near the river course entering the sea mouth, the ecological environment monitoring system taking a PIC microcontroller and a sensor as the core is widely applied in the aspects of ecological environment protection, shoal resource development, river course entering the sea mouth environment monitoring and the like, the monitoring on the river course entering the sea mouth mainly comprises a satellite photography method, a radar detection method, a fixed-point sampling method, a manual field measurement method and the like at present, the methods have the characteristics of complicated structure, high manufacturing cost, time and labor consumption, low automation degree, unstable power supply and limited battery continuous use, and influence the continuity and stability of the acquisition of the ecological environment information of the river course entering the sea mouth to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for monitoring the water quality at the entrance to the sea of a river channel based on a PIC chip, which utilizes wave energy at the entrance to the sea of the river channel to provide energy, is environment-friendly, and does not need to replace batteries.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the monitoring device comprises a buoy 11, a vertical support 7, an indicator lamp 4, a lampshade 6, a transmitting antenna 5, a tail vane 19, a bottom bucket 21, a micro generator 1, a micro water turbine 2, a computer control panel 3, a first water pump 26, a second water pump 15, a first one-way door 9, a second one-way door 27, a third one-way door 16, a fourth one-way door 17, a universal joint 12, a rocking hammer 24, a connecting pipe 13, a tee joint 8, a sensor group 20 and a storage battery 22.
The computer control panel (3) comprises a PIC micro-control chip, the vertical support 7, the lampshade 6 and the indicating lamp 4 form a light indicating mechanism, and the sensor group 20, the computer control panel 3 and the transmitting antenna 5 form a river water quality monitoring mechanism.
The transmitting antenna 5 is arranged above the top of the lampshade 6, the tail rudder 19, the sensor group 20 and the bottom barrel 21 are arranged below the buoy 11, the computer control panel 3, the first water pump 26, the second water pump 15, the first connecting rod 25, the second connecting rod 23, the universal joint 12, the rocking hammer 24, the miniature water turbine 2 and the miniature generator 1 are arranged inside the buoy 11, one end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water outlet of the first water pump 26, the other end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water outlet of the second water pump 15 through a connecting pipe 13, the third end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water inlet of the miniature water turbine 2, the first check door 9 is arranged in the water outlet of the first water pump 26, the second check door 27 is arranged in the first water inlet 28, the third check door 16 is arranged in the water outlet of the second water pump 15, the fourth check door 17 is arranged in the second water inlet 18, the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 are connected together through the first connecting rod 25, the universal joint 12, the rocking hammer 24 and the second connecting rod 23, the water outlet is connected together through the first connecting pipe 13, the buoy 8 and the buoy 11 is in a state when the buoy 11 and the buoy 11 is in a state, the water level of the buoy 11, and the state of the water pump 11, and the water level of the water pump 11.
When the river surface is static, namely no wave exists, the weight of the vertical support 7 and the position thereof on the buoy 11 and the weight of the storage battery 22 and the position thereof below the buoy 11 determine that the buoy 11 is in a balanced state, namely the buoy 11 is in a horizontal state, when the river surface has waves, the buoy 11 swings along with the waves, under the action of the inertia of the rocking hammer 24, the rocking hammer 24 drives the first water pump 26 and the second water pump 15 to work through the first connecting rod 25 and the second connecting rod 23 respectively, in a front view, when the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 move rightwards, the first one-way door 9 in the first water pump 26 is closed, the second one-way door 27 is opened, river water is sucked into the first water pump 26 from the first water inlet 28, meanwhile, the fourth one-way door 17 in the second water pump 15 is closed, the third one-way door 16 is opened, the river water in the second water pump 15 is squeezed out of the third one-way door 16 by the second piston 14, and the river water pushes the micro water turbine 2 and the micro-generator 1 to work after passing through the connecting pipe 13 and the three-way valve 8.
When the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 move leftwards, the third one-way door 16 in the second water pump 15 is closed, the fourth one-way door 17 is opened, the river water is sucked into the second water pump 15 from the second water inlet 18, meanwhile, the second one-way door 27 in the first water pump 26 is closed, the first one-way door 9 is opened, the river water in the first water pump 26 is squeezed out from the first one-way door 9 by the first piston 10, the river water pushes the micro water turbine 2 and the micro generator 1 to work after passing through the tee joint 8, one part of electric energy generated by the micro generator 1 supplies power for the computer control panel 3, and the other part charges the storage battery 22.
The sensor group 20 comprises a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a pH value sensor, a water turbidity sensor and a river flow rate sensor, the computer control panel 3 at least comprises a power supply circuit, a light driving circuit, a multi-path preamplification circuit, a multi-path linear compensation circuit, a PIC micro-control chip and a signal modulation circuit, at least 5 software modules and coding synthesis modules required by analog-to-digital conversion are burnt in a memory of the PIC micro-control chip, and the coding synthesis module synthesizes 5 paths of data of water temperature information, salinity information, pH value information, water turbidity information and river flow rate information into 1 path of serial data.
All the sensors are connected with the input end of a multi-path preamplification circuit on the computer control panel 3 through shielded wires respectively, the serial data is connected with the input end of a signal modulation circuit on the computer control panel 3, and the output end of the signal modulation circuit is connected with the bottom end of the transmitting antenna 5 through a shielded cable.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the energy of the monitoring device comes from wave energy of a river channel, is green and environment-friendly, does not pollute the river or offshore, does not need to manually replace a battery of the monitoring device, has the functions of collecting and transmitting water quality information of the river channel, and can indicate the river channel when the water quality of the river channel is monitored in real time.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples, the invention having the following 4 figures:
figure 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the monitoring device,
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the computer control board of the monitoring device,
figure 3 is a pin diagram of a micro control chip,
FIG. 4 is a pin number diagram of the analog signal input terminal of the micro-control chip part.
The numbers indicated in the figures represent the following, respectively:
1. the micro-generator comprises a micro-generator, 2, a micro-water turbine, 3, a computer control board, 4, an indicator light, 5, a transmitting antenna, 6, a lamp shade, 7, a vertical support, 8, a tee joint, 9, a first one-way door, 10, a first piston, 11, a buoy, 12, a universal joint, 13, a connecting pipe, 14, a second piston, 15, a second water pump, 16, a third one-way door, 17, a fourth one-way door, 18, a second water inlet, 19, a tail vane, 20, a sensor group, 21, a bottom barrel, 22, a storage battery, 23, a second connecting rod, 24, a rocking hammer, 25, a first connecting rod, 26, a first water pump, 27, a second one-way door, 28, a first water inlet, 29, 30, an iron anchor, 31, a cable, 32, a snap ring, 33, a rocking direction and a PIC.
Detailed Description
1. According to fig. 1 and 2, the monitoring device comprises a micro generator 1, a micro water turbine 2, a computer control panel 3, an indicator light 4, a transmitting antenna 5, a lampshade 6, a vertical support 7, a tee joint 8, a first one-way door 9, a first piston 10, a buoy 11, a universal joint 12, a connecting pipe 13, a second piston 14, a second water pump 15, a third one-way door 16, a fourth one-way door 17, a second water inlet 18, a tail vane 19, a sensor group 20, a bottom barrel 21, a storage battery 22, a second connecting rod 23, a swinging hammer 24, a first connecting rod 25, a first water pump 26, a second one-way door 27, a first water inlet 28, a water outlet 29, an iron anchor 30, a cable 31 and a retaining ring 32.
2. The computer control panel (3) comprises a PIC micro-control chip, a vertical support 7, a lampshade 6 and an indicator light 4 form a light indicating mechanism, a sensor group 20, the computer control panel 3 and a transmitting antenna 5 form a river water quality monitoring mechanism, and a first water pump 26, a second water pump 15, a first connecting rod 25, a second connecting rod 23, a universal joint 12, a rocking hammer 24, a micro water turbine 2 and a micro generator 1 form a wave energy generating mechanism.
3. 11 one end tops of flotation pontoon are equipped with vertical support 7, vertical support 7 bottom is connected with 11 top surfaces of flotation pontoon, the 7 top of vertical support is equipped with lamp shade 6, be equipped with pilot lamp 4 in the lamp shade 6, lamp shade 6 top is equipped with transmitting antenna 5, be equipped with first water inlet 28 near the flotation pontoon 11 below of vertical support 7 one end, outlet 29, buckle 32, hawser 31 and iron anchor 30, the below of the flotation pontoon 11 other end is equipped with second water inlet 18, tail vane 19, sensor group 20 and end bucket 21, be equipped with battery 22 in the end bucket 21.
4. The computer control board 3, the tee joint 8, the connecting pipe 13, the first water pump 26, the second water pump 15, the first connecting rod 25, the second connecting rod 23, the universal joint 12, the rocking hammer 24, the miniature water turbine 2 and the miniature generator 1 are arranged in the buoy 11, one end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water outlet of the first water pump 26, the other end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water outlet of the second water pump 15 through the connecting pipe 13, the third end of the tee joint 8 is communicated with a water inlet of the miniature water turbine 2, a first one-way door 9 is arranged in the water outlet of the first water pump 26, a second one-way door 27 is arranged in the first water inlet 28, a third one-way door 16 is arranged in the water outlet of the second water pump 15, a fourth one-way door 17 is arranged in the second water inlet 18, the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 are sequentially connected together through the first connecting rod 25, the universal joint 12, the rocking hammer 24 and the second connecting rod 23, the water outlet of the first water pump 26 directly enters the tee joint 8, the outlet of the second water pump 15 enters the miniature water turbine 2 through the connecting pipe 13, and the water is converged in the tee joint 8.
5. When the river surface is static, namely no wave exists, the weight of the vertical support 7 and the position thereof on the buoy 11 and the weight of the storage battery 22 and the position thereof below the buoy 11 determine that the buoy 11 is in a balanced state, namely the buoy 11 is in a horizontal state, when the river surface has waves, the buoy 11 swings along with the waves, under the action of the inertia of the rocking hammer 24, the rocking hammer 24 drives the first water pump 26 and the second water pump 15 to work through the first connecting rod 25 and the second connecting rod 23 respectively, in a front view, when the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 move rightwards, the first one-way door 9 in the first water pump 26 is closed, the second one-way door 27 is opened, river water is sucked into the first water pump 26 from the first water inlet 28, meanwhile, the fourth one-way door 17 in the second water pump 15 is closed, the third one-way door 16 is opened, the river water in the second water pump 15 is squeezed out of the third one-way door 16 by the second piston 14, and the river water pushes the micro water turbine 2 and the micro-generator 1 to work after passing through the connecting pipe 13 and the three-way valve 8.
6. When the first piston 10 and the second piston 14 move leftwards, the third one-way door 16 in the second water pump 15 is closed, the fourth one-way door 17 is opened, the river water is sucked into the second water pump 15 from the second water inlet 18, meanwhile, the second one-way door 27 in the first water pump 26 is closed, the first one-way door 9 is opened, the river water in the first water pump 26 is squeezed out from the first one-way door 9 by the first piston 10, the river water pushes the micro water turbine 2 and the micro generator 1 to work after passing through the tee joint 8, one part of electric energy generated by the micro generator 1 supplies power for the computer control panel 3, and the other part charges the storage battery 22.
7. The sensor group 20 comprises a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a pH value sensor, a water turbidity sensor and a river flow rate sensor, the computer control panel 3 at least comprises a power circuit, a light driving circuit, a multi-path preamplification circuit, a multi-path linear compensation circuit, a PIC micro-control chip and a signal modulation circuit, the PIC micro-control chip is a novel micro-controller, the integration level is higher than that of a single chip microcomputer, the volume is smaller, the function is stronger, the PIC micro-control chip has various models and packaging forms, a multi-path sampling circuit, a multi-path analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a multi-path counter, a serial communication circuit, a pulse width controller, a memory, an arithmetic unit, a controller and the like are integrated inside.
8. According to the figures 3 and 4, the model of the PIC micro-control chip is PIC16F882, a 28-pin PDIP packaging form is selected, except that power supply pins and grounding pins in the 28 pins are independent, the rest pins are time division multiplexing, the PIC16F882 is provided with 14 paths of 10-bit analog-to-digital converters and can respectively perform analog-to-digital conversion on 14 paths of analog signals, only five sensors are needed in the scheme, only five analog input ends AN0-AN4 are needed and respectively correspond to the No. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 pins of the PIC micro-control chip, a TX in a No. 17 pin is a serial data transmitting end, AN RX in a No. 18 pin is a serial data receiving end, at least 5 paths of software modules and coding synthesis modules required by the analog-to-digital conversion are burnt in a memory of the PIC micro-control chip, and the coding synthesis module synthesizes 5 paths of data of water temperature information, salinity information, pH information, water quality information and river flow rate information into 1 path of serial data.
9. According to the figures 2, 3 and 4, the five sensors are respectively connected with the input ends of the multiple paths of preamplification circuits on the computer control panel 3 through shielding wires, the output ends of the multiple paths of preamplification circuits are respectively connected with the input ends of the multiple paths of linear compensation circuits, the output ends of the multiple paths of linear compensation circuits are respectively connected with the No. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 pins of the PIC micro-control chip, the No. 17 pin TX of the PIC micro-control chip is connected with the input end of a signal modulation circuit on the computer control panel 3, the output end of the signal modulation circuit is connected with the bottom end of the transmitting antenna 5 through a shielding cable, and the output end of a light drive circuit on the computer control panel 3 is connected with the indicator light 4 through a lead.
10. The monitoring device is placed in a river channel 100-300 meters away from an entrance to the sea to obtain larger wave energy, mainly monitors water temperature information, salinity information, pH value information, water quality information and river channel flow rate information of the river channel, gives consideration to river channel indication, a light driving circuit on a computer control panel 3 enables an indicator lamp 4 to have a stroboscopic effect, a base station or a monitoring room needs to be additionally built on the shore or on the land, modulated serial data from a transmitting antenna 5 is received by an antenna and equipment of the base station or the monitoring room, and then the data are further processed by a computer and displayed by a display.
11. The energy of this monitoring devices power supply comes from the wave energy, green does not pollute river or coastal waters, need not the artifical battery of changing monitoring devices, and the appearance of flotation pontoon 11 is the arc limit rectangle on the front view, and the cross section is oval, and tail vane 19 plays the guide effect, makes flotation pontoon 11 along the rivers direction, and iron anchor 30 throws in river course or channel bottom, and flotation pontoon 11, vertical stand 7, end bucket 21 and tail vane 19's material are the stainless steel, and the colour of lamp shade 6 is red.
12. Because the PIC is a common micro-control chip, has many pins and powerful functions, and is widely applied to touch screens of household appliances, information acquisition and control circuits, small-sized measuring instruments, intelligent instruments and the like, more data are introduced in this respect, and for specific pin numbers, english abbreviations, function names and detailed parameters of the PIC micro-control chip, reference is made to "MICROCHIP (micro-core) PIC16F882 data handbook", which is not repeated herein.
Claims (3)
1. A water quality monitoring device for a river course sea entrance based on a PIC chip comprises a buoy (11), a vertical support (7), an indicator light (4), a lampshade (6), a transmitting antenna (5), a tail vane (19), a bottom bucket (21), a micro generator (1), a micro water turbine (2), a computer control panel (3), a first water pump (26), a second water pump (15), a first one-way door (9), a second one-way door (27), a third one-way door (16), a fourth one-way door (17), a universal joint (12), a rocking hammer (24), a connecting pipe (13), a tee joint (8), a sensor group (20) and a storage battery (22);
the computer control panel (3) comprises a PIC micro-control chip, a light indicating mechanism is formed by a vertical support (7), a lampshade (6) and an indicating lamp (4), and a river water quality monitoring mechanism is formed by a sensor group (20), the computer control panel (3) and a transmitting antenna (5);
the method is characterized in that: a transmitting antenna (5) is arranged above the top of the lampshade (6), a tail vane (19), a sensor group (20) and a bottom barrel (21) are arranged below the buoy (11), a computer control panel (3) is arranged inside the buoy (11), a first water pump (26), a second water pump (15), a first connecting rod (25), a second connecting rod (23), a universal joint (12), a rocking hammer (24), a micro water turbine (2) and a micro generator (1), one end of a tee joint (8) is communicated with a water outlet of the first water pump (26), the other end of the tee joint (8) is communicated with a water outlet of the second water pump (15) through a connecting pipe (13), a third end of the tee joint (8) is communicated with a water inlet of the micro water turbine (2), a first one-way door (9) is arranged in the water outlet of the first water pump (26), a second one-way door (27) is arranged in the first water inlet (28), a third one-way door (16) is arranged in the water outlet of the second water pump (15), a fourth one-way door (17) is arranged in the second water inlet (18), a first piston (10) and a second piston (14) are directly connected with the rocking hammer (23) together, the connecting rod (23), the water outlet of the second water pump (15) enters the tee joint (8) through the connecting pipe (13), and the two water outlets are converged in the tee joint (8) and then enter the micro water turbine (2).
2. The PIC chip-based device for monitoring water quality at the estuary of the river channel, according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor group (20) comprises a water temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a pH value sensor, a water turbidity sensor and a river flow velocity sensor, the computer control panel (3) at least comprises a power supply circuit, a light driving circuit, a multi-path preamplification circuit, a multi-path linear compensation circuit, a PIC micro-control chip and a signal modulation circuit, at least 5 paths of software modules and coding synthesis modules required by analog-to-digital conversion are burnt in a memory of the PIC micro-control chip, and the coding synthesis modules synthesize 5 paths of data of water temperature information, salinity information, pH value information, water turbidity information and river flow velocity information into 1 path of serial data.
3. The PIC chip-based river course mouth of entry water quality monitoring device of claim 1, characterized in that: all sensors are connected with the input end of a multi-channel preamplification circuit on the computer control panel (3) through shielded wires respectively, serial data synthesized by the PIC micro-control chip is connected with the input end of a signal modulation circuit on the computer control panel (3), and the output end of the signal modulation circuit is connected with the bottom end of the transmitting antenna (5) through a shielded cable.
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