CN112361972B - 一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,包括:S1,依序在衬底上沉积薄膜以形成多层膜,该多层膜的薄膜分类金刚石薄膜和金刚石薄膜;S2,测量多层膜的椭偏光谱;S3,判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜,如为金刚石薄膜则执行S41,如为类金刚石薄膜则执行S42;S41,采用Cauchy模型计算以获全波段的薄膜光学常数和薄膜厚度;S42,选择一段薄膜的透明区,采用Cauchy模型计算以获该波段范围的薄膜光学常数和厚度;S5,在类金刚石薄膜的吸收光谱区添加介电常数振子模型,根据椭偏光谱调整振子的幅度和宽度;S6,利用评价函数MSE评判实验值和拟合值之间的差距,以此确定多层膜的结构以及每一层薄膜的光学常数和薄膜厚度,光学常数包括折射率和消光系数。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光学检测领域,尤其涉及一种类金刚石和金刚石的多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法。
背景技术
类金刚石薄膜具有良好的光学透过性(中波红外3~5μm,长波红外8~12μm)、抗腐蚀等特性,且折射率在2~3之间可调,是极佳的红外增透功能的薄膜。但类金刚石薄膜在成膜的过程中易产生极高的内应力,这会限制沉积的厚度以及使用寿命、性能。金刚石薄膜以其高机械强度,高热导率,较好的耐磨、耐蚀性能以及高的红外透过率广泛应用于红外窗口等光学器件,可在摩擦或风沙等极端恶劣环境下起到有力的防护作用。所以类金刚石和金刚石的多层膜是一种兼具折射率匹配、高透过性、高硬度等优异性能的薄膜材料。
类金刚石和金刚石多层薄膜具有多层结构,根据应用不同对薄膜厚度以及表面粗糙的要求会有所不同。层数的增加以及每一层的粗糙度大小,会直接影响整个薄膜的透射率,从而影响光学器件的使用。在生长过程中,每个膜层的折射率受制备工艺参数影响很大,难免会产生缺陷或不均匀性,对每一层折射率的有效检测可以防止因工艺偏差导致的膜层折射率偏差,从而保证器件的光学性能。
在现有的多层膜的测量系统中,大多聚焦于膜层厚度的检测,如中国专利数据库公开的CN208140036U,一种多层膜在线测厚系统,通过激光三角法测量不透明基底的厚度和红外测量透明涂层的厚度,两个模块的测量区域被限定在同一位置处,该系统能够实现多层膜同一区域厚度参数的同时、高精度、在线测量,但是没有涉及表面粗糙度以及光学特性的测量。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,其克服了背景技术中多层膜在线测厚系统所存在的不足。
本发明解决其技术问题的所采用的技术方案是:一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,包括:
S1,依序在衬底上沉积薄膜以形成多层膜,该多层膜的薄膜分类金刚石薄膜和金刚石薄膜;
S2,测量多层膜的椭偏光谱;
S3,判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜,如为金刚石薄膜则执行S41,如为类金刚石薄膜则执行S42;
S41,采用Cauchy模型计算以获全波段的薄膜光学常数和薄膜厚度;
S42,选择一段薄膜的透明区,采用Cauchy模型计算以获该波段范围的薄膜光学常数和厚度;
S5,在类金刚石薄膜的吸收光谱区添加介电常数振子模型,根据椭偏光谱调整振子的幅度和宽度;
S6,利用评价函数MSE评判实验值和拟合值之间的差距,以此确定多层膜的结构以及每一层薄膜的光学常数和薄膜厚度,该光学常数包括折射率和消光系数。
一实施例之中:该S42中,Cauchy模型计算公式为:
An、Bn和Cn为Cauchy模型参数,λ为波长,消光系数k由Ak、Bk和Eb三个参数描述,Eb=1240/λb,Eb与衬底材料相关。
一实施例之中:该S5中,该介电常数振子模型为Lorentz振子,该Lorentz振子计算公式为:
式中,A为模型参数的幅度,En为模型参数的中心位置,Br为模型参数的半波宽度。
一实施例之中:该S6中,该评价函数MSE计算公式为:
式中mod为拟合值,exp为测量值,δ为测量误差,N为椭偏仪同时测量的ψ、Δ的总对数,M为所选取拟合参数的对数。
一实施例之中:该多层膜中最下层为基底,该基底为类金刚石薄膜或金刚石薄膜,最上层为金刚石薄膜,介于最下层和最上层之间的为中间层,该中间层包括类金刚石薄膜或折射率可调的其他薄膜,该其他薄膜和金刚石薄膜、类金刚石薄膜不同。
一实施例之中:该多层膜的层数至少有三层。
一实施例之中:该S3中,根据材料特性判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜。
一实施例之中:该衬底为金刚石衬底、Si或Ge玻璃。
一实施例之中:该多层膜适用于红外窗口、探测器或玻璃保护膜。
本技术方案与背景技术相比,它具有如下优点:
先测量多层膜的椭偏光谱,接着依据金刚石和类金刚石选择合适光学模型进行拟合,最后结合MSE拟合结果,得到多层膜结构整体及每一层的厚度和光学特性。它不局限于金刚石衬底,而且可适用于所有有镀膜需求的衬底,且类金刚石和金刚石多层膜适用于红外窗口、探测器、玻璃保护膜等,可根据需求调整折射率,增加透光性。
附图说明
图1为具体实施方式测量方法的流程图;
图2为具体实施方式测量系统示意图;
图3为具体实施方式测量的多层膜结构示意图。
图中标号为:
11-宽光谱光源、12-准直透镜、13-起偏器、14-补偿器、15-待测多层膜样品、16-准直透镜组、17-补偿器、18-检偏器、19-探测器。
具体实施方式
为了能进一步解释本发明的目的、技术方案及特色,下面结合附图和具体实施例子对多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法进一步详细说明。
一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,包括:
S1,依序在衬底上沉积薄膜以形成多层膜,该多层膜的薄膜分类金刚石薄膜和金刚石薄膜;其中:该衬底为金刚石衬底、Si或Ge玻璃,根据需要也可选择其它衬底;该多层膜的层数至少有三层,且,如图3所示,该多层膜中最下层为基底,该基底为类金刚石薄膜或金刚石薄膜,最上层为金刚石薄膜以用作为保护层,介于最下层和最上层之间的为中间层,该中间层包括类金刚石薄膜或折射率可调的其他薄膜,该其他薄膜和金刚石薄膜、类金刚石薄膜不同;
S2,测量多层膜的椭偏光谱;
S3,根据材料特性判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜,如为金刚石薄膜则执行S41,如为类金刚石薄膜则执行S42,判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜以选择合适的光学模型,即建立光学模型;其中:金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜的材料组分(sp2、sp3等)不同,这会导致吸收(材料特性)有所差异,依据吸收差异结合椭偏光谱进行判断;
S41,采用Cauchy模型计算以获全波段的薄膜光学常数和薄膜厚度;
S42,选择一段薄膜的透明区,采用Cauchy模型(柯西模型)计算以获该波段范围的薄膜光学常数和厚度;
S5,在类金刚石薄膜的吸收光谱区添加介电常数振子模型,根据椭偏光谱调整振子的幅度和宽度;
S6,利用评价函数MSE评判实验值和拟合值之间的差距,以此确定多层膜的结构以及每一层薄膜的光学常数和薄膜厚度,该光学常数包括折射率和消光系数,其中MSE越小则拟合效果越好。
该S42中,Cauchy模型计算公式为:
An、Bn和Cn为Cauchy模型参数,λ为波长,消光系数k由Ak、Bk和Eb三个参数描述,Eb=1240/λb,Eb与衬底材料相关。
该S5中,该介电常数振子模型为Lorentz振子,该Lorentz振子计算公式为:
式中,A为模型参数的幅度,En为模型参数的中心位置,Br为模型参数的半波宽度。
该S6中,该评价函数MSE计算公式为:
式中mod为拟合值,exp为测量值,δ为测量误差,N为椭偏仪同时测量的ψ、Δ的总对数,M为所选取拟合参数的对数。
本具体实施方式的多层膜适用于红外窗口、探测器或玻璃保护膜等,以可根据需求调整折射率,增加透光性。
采用测试系统测量多层膜的椭偏光谱,该测试系统包括为宽光谱椭偏仪,如图2所示,宽光谱椭偏仪包括宽光谱光源11、准直透镜12、起偏器13、补偿器14、待测多层膜样品15、准直透镜组16、补偿器17、检偏器18和探测器19,该宽光谱光源11发出的光线经准直透镜12、起偏器13和补偿器14照射在待测多层膜样品15,反射后经准直透镜组16、补偿器17、检偏器18至探测器19。该宽光谱椭偏仪光谱范围覆盖紫外、可见及近红外。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动,均属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
Claims (7)
1.一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,其特征在于:包括:
S1,依序在衬底上沉积薄膜以形成多层膜,该多层膜的薄膜分类金刚石薄膜和金刚石薄膜;该多层膜中最下层为基底,该基底为类金刚石薄膜或金刚石薄膜,最上层为金刚石薄膜,介于最下层和最上层之间的为中间层,该中间层包括类金刚石薄膜或折射率可调的其他薄膜,该其他薄膜和金刚石薄膜、类金刚石薄膜不同;
S2,测量多层膜的椭偏光谱;
S3,根据材料特性判断薄膜是金刚石薄膜或类金刚石薄膜,如为金刚石薄膜则执行S41,如为类金刚石薄膜则执行S42;
S41,采用Cauchy模型计算以获全波段的薄膜光学常数和薄膜厚度;
S42,选择一段薄膜的透明区,采用Cauchy模型计算以获该波段范围的薄膜光学常数和厚度;
S5,在类金刚石薄膜的吸收光谱区添加介电常数振子模型,根据椭偏光谱调整振子的幅度和宽度;
S6,利用评价函数MSE评判实验值和拟合值之间的差距,以此确定多层膜的结构以及每一层薄膜的光学常数和薄膜厚度,该光学常数包括折射率和消光系数。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,其特征在于:该多层膜的层数至少有三层;采用测试系统测量多层膜的椭偏光谱,该测试系统包括为宽光谱椭偏仪,宽光谱椭偏仪包括宽光谱光源、准直透镜、起偏器、补偿器、待测多层膜样品、准直透镜组、补偿器、检偏器和探测器,该宽光谱光源发出的光线经准直透镜、起偏器和补偿器照射在待测多层膜样品,反射后经准直透镜组、补偿器、检偏器至探测器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,其特征在于:该衬底为金刚石衬底、Si或Ge玻璃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层膜厚度及光学特性检测方法,其特征在于:该多层膜适用于红外窗口、探测器或玻璃保护膜。
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