CN112359490A - 一种ptfe与pps复合耐高温滤料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种ptfe与pps复合耐高温滤料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112359490A
CN112359490A CN202011159530.2A CN202011159530A CN112359490A CN 112359490 A CN112359490 A CN 112359490A CN 202011159530 A CN202011159530 A CN 202011159530A CN 112359490 A CN112359490 A CN 112359490A
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ptfe
fibers
pps
filter material
temperature
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CN112359490B (zh
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李绍林
孙淑娟
李承润
胡深
黄燎辉
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Anhui Zhongdian Environmental Protection Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于耐高温滤料技术领域，尤其是一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备。该PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。

Description

一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐高温滤料技术领域，尤其涉及一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法。
背景技术
过滤毡是袋式除尘器的核心部件，起着过滤空气粉尘的作用，被称为袋式除尘器的心脏。过滤毡通常以基布为中间骨架，在基布的两面通过短切纤维缠结制备而成。
在电力、钢铁、化学、水泥、垃圾焚烧等“高消耗、高排放、高污染”工业的飞速 发展，在给人们创造了更加富裕、方便、快捷的生活的同时，也对天然资源、能源、环境的可持续发展造成了严重的威胁。这些社会工业排放的大气污染物中，主要包括高温烟 气、粉尘、SOX、NOX 等。如果不经过治理而直接排入大气中，会直接或间接影响到人们的呼 吸系统、心血管系统、中枢神经系统、免疫系统等，并进而威胁到人体的生命安全。
目前，大多数中高温过滤材料采用PTFE乳液浸渍或者覆PTFE微孔膜的方式对滤料进行后处理。对于覆膜滤料而言，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损，所以需要一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法。
发明内容
基于现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的技术问题，本发明提出了一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法。
本发明提出的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型。
优选地，所述步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维。
优选地，所述步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为70-90m/min，捻度为90-140捻/m。
优选地，所述步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2。
优选地，所述步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机。
优选地，所述步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置30-46小时。
优选地，所述步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式。
优选地，所述步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网。
优选地，所述步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为80-90℃，时间为40-60min，烘干温度为120-160℃，时间为45-75min，高温定型温度为220-260℃，时间为20-45min。
本发明中的有益效果为：
1、通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，经过阳离子抗静电剂处理，能够大幅的降低纤维的质量比电阻，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用椭圆形刺针可以使基布纵向强力保持率在80％以上，横向强力保持率在60％以上，对滤料性能的增强有很大作用，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。
具体实施方式
为便于更好地理解本发明，通过以下实例加以说明，这些实例属于本发明的保护范围，但不限制本发明的保护范围。
一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为70-90m/min，捻度为90-140捻/m，步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置30-46小时；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网，水射流穿过纤网后，受托持网帘的反弹，再次穿插纤网，由此，纤网中纤维在不同方向高速水射流穿插的水力作用下，产生位移、穿插、缠结和抱合，从而使纤网得到加固；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型；
步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为80-90℃，时间为40-60min，烘干温度为120-160℃，时间为45-75min，高温定型温度为220-260℃，时间为20-45min；
通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，经过阳离子抗静电剂处理，能够大幅的降低纤维的质量比电阻，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用椭圆形刺针可以使基布纵向强力保持率在80％以上，横向强力保持率在60％以上，对滤料性能的增强有很大作用，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。
实施例一
一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为70m/min，捻度为90捻/m，步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置30小时；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网，水射流穿过纤网后，受托持网帘的反弹，再次穿插纤网，由此，纤网中纤维在不同方向高速水射流穿插的水力作用下，产生位移、穿插、缠结和抱合，从而使纤网得到加固；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型；
步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为80℃，时间为40min，烘干温度为120℃，时间为45min，高温定型温度为220℃，时间为20min；
通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，经过阳离子抗静电剂处理，能够大幅的降低纤维的质量比电阻，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用椭圆形刺针可以使基布纵向强力保持率在80％以上，横向强力保持率在60％以上，对滤料性能的增强有很大作用，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。
实施例二
一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为80m/min，捻度为120捻/m，步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置38小时；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网，水射流穿过纤网后，受托持网帘的反弹，再次穿插纤网，由此，纤网中纤维在不同方向高速水射流穿插的水力作用下，产生位移、穿插、缠结和抱合，从而使纤网得到加固；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型；
步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为85℃，时间为50min，烘干温度为140℃，时间为55min，高温定型温度为240℃，时间为30min；
通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，经过阳离子抗静电剂处理，能够大幅的降低纤维的质量比电阻，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用椭圆形刺针可以使基布纵向强力保持率在80％以上，横向强力保持率在60％以上，对滤料性能的增强有很大作用，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。
实施例三
一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为90m/min，捻度为140捻/m，步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置46小时；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网，水射流穿过纤网后，受托持网帘的反弹，再次穿插纤网，由此，纤网中纤维在不同方向高速水射流穿插的水力作用下，产生位移、穿插、缠结和抱合，从而使纤网得到加固；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型；
步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为90℃，时间为60min，烘干温度为160℃，时间为75min，高温定型温度为260℃，时间为45min；
通过设置PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维、PPS纤维和石墨烯纤维，PTFE纤维具有细度离散大，耐酸碱性好，经过阳离子抗静电剂处理，能够大幅的降低纤维的质量比电阻，且加入石墨烯纤维使的滤料具有高电子迁移率、高导热系数、良好的弹性和刚度的特点，陶瓷纤维具有重量轻、耐高温、热稳定性好、导热率低、比热小及耐机械震动的特点，采用椭圆形刺针可以使基布纵向强力保持率在80％以上，横向强力保持率在60％以上，对滤料性能的增强有很大作用，采用水刺，具有使表层PTFE纤维的开纤，PTFE纤维与PPS纤维的缠结效果好，滤料厚度小，滤料拉伸断裂强力高的特点，从而解决了现有的覆膜滤料，由于覆膜本身的粘合工艺和运输过程的拖拽，使得PTFE膜容易剥落和破损的问题。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：
步骤一、原材料准备，制备选取PTFE纤维、PPS纤维、陶瓷纤维、石墨烯纤维、玄武岩纱线和PPS纱线待用；
步骤二、混合纱线制备，将PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维通过复合捻线机制备混合纱线；
步骤三、基布制备，经线玄武岩纱线和混合纱线与纬线PPS纱线和混合纱线呈井字形相互垂直交织，制成基布；
步骤四、纤维制作，将PTFE纤维和PPS纤维经过气流成网工艺或机械成网工艺制成PTFE纤维网和PPS纤维层；
步骤五、抗静电处理，在步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面喷洒抗静电剂；
步骤六、初步预针刺，在基布上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网后，再在PTFE纤维网的表面叠放PPS纤维层和石墨烯纤维后，进行初步预针刺，制得半成品滤布；
步骤七、水刺，将经过步骤六初步预针刺后得到的半成品滤布的上表面和下表面均铺设PTFE纤维网，然后在PTFE纤维网的表面铺设PPS纤维，然后进行水刺刺，制得过滤毡；
步骤八、烘干处理，经过步骤七水刺制得过滤毡后，将过滤毡进行预烘、烘干和高温定型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中原材料准备，PTFE纤维采用膜裂法纺丝工艺，制得PTFE纤维后经过，梳理机梳理后选取扁平粗细均匀的纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤二中混合纱线制备，纺纱速度为70-90m/min，捻度为90-140捻/m。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤二中混合纱线制备，PTFE纤维、陶瓷纤维和石墨烯纤维的质量比为86：12：2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤四中纤维制作，PTFE纤维采用梳理交叉铺网的成网方式制备PTFE纤维网，采用机器为罗拉梳理机。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤五中抗静电处理为，采用阳离子抗静电剂十八烷基二甲基羟乙基季铵硝酸盐，对步骤四制备后的PTFE纤维网的表面进行喷洒后，放入恒温室静置30-46小时。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤六中初步针刺中，采用椭圆形刺针，采取人字形布针方式。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤七中水刺为采用高压产生的多股微细水流射流喷射纤网。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种PTFE与PPS复合耐高温滤料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤八中烘干处理，预烘干温度为80-90℃，时间为40-60min，烘干温度为120-160℃，时间为45-75min，高温定型温度为220-260℃，时间为20-45min。
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