CN112359036B - 一种催化活力和反应专一性提高的腈水解酶突变体及应用 - Google Patents
一种催化活力和反应专一性提高的腈水解酶突变体及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112359036B CN112359036B CN202011383565.4A CN202011383565A CN112359036B CN 112359036 B CN112359036 B CN 112359036B CN 202011383565 A CN202011383565 A CN 202011383565A CN 112359036 B CN112359036 B CN 112359036B
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
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- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/006—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by reactions involving C-N bonds, e.g. nitriles, amides, hydantoins, carbamates, lactames, transamination reactions, or keto group formation from racemic mixtures
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- C12Y305/00—Hydrolases acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5)
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- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种腈水解酶突变体及其在水解外消旋异丁基丁二腈合成普瑞巴林手性中间体(S)‑3‑氰基‑5‑甲基己酸中的应用,属于生物工程技术领域。本发明提供的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示的腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L或氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.6所示的双突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S能够催化高浓度IBSN水解,且显著降低酰胺副产物。本发明通过定向进化技术提升腈水解酶活性及反应专一性,大幅度降低工业化生产成本,在普瑞巴林手性中间体(S)‑3‑氰基‑5‑甲基己酸的工业化生产中具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域,涉及植物来源腈水解酶的突变体、编码基因,及其在水解外消旋异丁基丁二腈合成普瑞巴林手性中间体(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸中的应用。
背景技术
普瑞巴林(Pregabalin),化学名为(S)-3-氨甲基-5-甲基己酸,结构式如(Ⅰ),是抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的3位异丁基取代物(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2008,47:3500-3504)。普瑞巴林是治疗神经疼痛、焦虑以及癫痫等疾病的首选药物。因此,开发绿色、高效、高光学纯普瑞巴林合成工艺具有重要意义。
(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸(CMHA)是普瑞巴林的关键手性中间体,该化合物经一步加氢即可合成S型普瑞巴林。腈水解酶区域、立体选择性水解外消旋异丁基丁二腈(IBSN)(结构式如Ⅱ)合成普瑞巴林手性中间体(结构式如Ⅲ)具有原料廉价、条件温和、原子经济性高等优势。
目前已报道的能够立体选择性水解IBSN的腈水解酶极少。专利WO 2005/100580A1报道商品化腈水解酶NIT-101、NIT-102、NIT-103和拟南芥腈水解酶催化IBSN的产率分别为34.2%、38.6%、35.5%和17.5%,产物光学纯度分别为96.3%、91.1%、95.5%和98.5%。Xie等克隆筛选了一系列腈水解酶基因,获得一株来源于Arabidopsis thaliana的腈水解酶突变体AtNIT1(J.Mol.Catal.B:Enzym,2006,41:75-80),对IBSN立体选择性高,但酶活力不高、底物浓度低等因素限制了其在工业上的应用。
Zhang等通过设计腈水解酶嵌合酶和定点饱和突变,获得了高活力和高立体选择性的腈水解酶突变体BaNIT/L223Q/H263D/Q279E(Biotechnol.Bioeng,2020,117:318-329),转化率可达46%,产物光学纯度大于99%。但该腈水解酶同时对IBSN具有腈水合酶活性,生成副产物酰胺(结构式如Ⅳ),酰胺含量为18.9%。
尽管通过耦联酰胺酶可进一步水解该副产物,但会导致生产工序和生产成本的增加。刘爽等通过定点突变,在此基础上引入新突变位点M127I和Q260H,新突变体催化活力提高1.8倍,酰胺含量由18.9%降至6.2%(CN111100856A)。因此,开发能够高效拆分IBSN,且能减少甚至消除副产物产生的腈水解酶具有重要工业应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高催化活性和立体选择性的腈水解酶突变体,且所述突变体的腈水合活性降低,减少副产物,满足工业化生产的需求。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
本发明以实验室前期构建保藏的腈水解酶突变体BaNIT/M127I/L223Q/Q260H/H263D/Q279E(以下简称BaNITmut)作为模板,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,对其进行定点突变,得到在催化活力和副产物含量等方面显著改善的腈水解酶突变体。
所述腈水解酶突变体及突变位点具体如下:
BaNITmut/V82L,第82位V突变为L,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示;
BaNITmut/V82L/C237S,第82位V突变为L,第237位C突变为S,氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.6所示。
与亲本腈水解酶BaNITmut相比,突变体BaNITmut/V82L催化活力提升1.65倍,副产物酰胺的含量从6.2%降至4.95%;腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S活力提升2.72倍,副产物酰胺的含量从6.2%降至2.28%。
对上述腈水解酶突变体的其他氨基酸位点的保守取代形式、增加或缺失一个或几个氨基酸的形式、氨基端截断的形式、羧基端截断的形式,这些突变体形式也包括在本发明的范围内。
本发明还提供了上述腈水解酶突变体的编码基因,所述编码基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3或SEQ ID NO.5所示。
本发明还提供了包含所述编码基因的重组载体。作为优选,原始载体为pET28b。
本发明还提供了包含所述重组载体的重组基因工程菌。所述重组载体转化宿主细胞获得重组基因工程菌,所述宿主细胞可以为本领域的各种常规宿主细胞,作为优选,宿主细胞为大肠杆菌E.coli BL21。
本发明还提供了一种构建所述的腈水解酶突变体的制备方法,所述的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)设计定点突变引物,以携带有核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的重组质粒为模板,进行重叠延伸PCR,获得亲本腈水解酶氨基酸序列中第82位V突变为L的突变产物;
(2)以步骤(1)获得的携带有BaNITmut/V82L基因的突变产物为模板,进行重叠延伸PCR,获得第237位C突变为S的突变产物;
(3)将步骤(1)、(2)获得的突变产物分别转化至宿主菌,筛选获得腈水解酶突变体表达菌株,测序结果正确者即为目标菌株,经诱导表达获得所述的腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L和BaNITmut/V82L/C237S。
作为优选,所述重组质粒的原始载体为pET28b。所述宿主菌为大肠杆菌E.coliBL21。
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述腈水解酶突变体在催化外消旋异丁基丁二腈制备(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸中的应用。
所述的应用为以含有腈水解酶突变体编码基因的工程菌经发酵培养后离心获得的湿菌体、湿菌体固定化细胞、湿菌体超声破碎后提取的酶或者固定化酶为催化剂,以IBSN为底物,以pH为5~10的缓冲液为反应介质,在20~55℃、200~400rpm条件下水浴反应,反应结束后,将反应液分离纯化,获得(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸。
本发明所述的腈水解酶突变体可以以工程菌全细胞形式使用,也可以是未经纯化的粗酶形式使用,也可以是部分纯化的或完全纯化的酶的形式使用。还可以利用本领域已知的固定化技术将本发明的腈水解酶突变体制成固定化酶或固定化细胞形式的生物催化剂。
作为优选,反应体系中,底物浓度为100~200g/L,催化剂的用量以湿菌体重量计为5g/L,其中湿菌体含水质量为70~90%。
更为优选,反应体系中,底物浓度为150~175g/L。
作为优选,所述反应介质为pH值为8.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液,催化反应温度为30℃。
作为优选,所述的湿菌体为含腈水解酶突变体编码基因的重组工程菌E.coliBL21(DE3)/pET28b-BaNITmut/V82L、E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET28b-BaNITmut/V82L/C237S。
重组表达转化体所用的培养基可以是本领域可使转化体生长并产生本发明的腈水解酶的培养基,优选LB培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,氯化钠10g/L,pH 7.0。培养方法和培养条件没有特别要求,只要使转化体能够生长并产生腈水解酶即可。优选下述方法:
将本发明涉及的重组工程菌接种至含50μg/mL卡那霉素的LB培养基中培养作为种子液,在37℃培养12h,再将种子液以2%(v/v)接种量接种至新鲜的含有卡那霉素(终浓度50μg/mL)的100mL LB液体培养基中,37℃培养至菌体浓度OD600达到0.5~0.7,再向培养液中加入终浓度为0.1mM异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG),28℃诱导培养12h,4℃、12000rpm条件下离心10min,收集湿菌体,即为催化剂。
本发明具备的有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L能够利用少量静息细胞(5g/L)催化高浓度IBSN(150g/L)水解,转化率大于45%,eep大于99%,酰胺含量为4.95%;双突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S能利用少量静息细胞(5g/L)催化高浓度IBSN(175g/L)水解,转化率大于45%,eep大于99%,酰胺含量为2.28%。
(2)本发明通过定向进化技术提升腈水解酶活性及反应专一性,大幅度降低工业化生产成本,在普瑞巴林手性中间体(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸的工业化生产中具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为含有腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut、BaNITmut/V82L、BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌静息细胞催化异丁基丁二腈(100g/L)水解的反应进程对比图。
图2为含有腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L的重组大肠杆菌静息细胞催化不同浓度异丁基丁二腈(100-175g/L)水解的反应进程图。
图3为含有腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌静息细胞催化不同浓度异丁基丁二腈(100-200g/L)水解的反应进程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
具体实施例中采用的亲本腈水解酶为本课题组前期构建的腈水解酶突变体BaNIT/M127I/L223Q/Q260H/H263D/Q279E(以下简称BaNITmut),见专利文献CN111100856A,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
实施例1:含有腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L的重组大肠杆菌的构建
为了将亲本氨基酸序列中的第82位点Val进行定点突变,设计相对应的引物,引物序列见表1。以含有目的基因片段的重组质粒pET28b-BaNITmut作为模板,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,根据重叠延伸PCR的方法对模板进行全质粒扩增。
表1:引物设计表
引物名称 | 引物序列(5’to 3’) |
V82L-Forward | TATCGTTTCGGCATC GGTCTGGGTGTGCACAAC |
V82L-Reverse | GTTGTGCACACCCAGACCGATGCCGAAACGATA |
C237S-Forward | TTCGTTCTGTCTGCTTCCCAGTTCTGCCGTCGT |
C237S-Reverse | ACGACGGCAGAACTGGGAAGCAGACAGAACGAA |
PCR扩增体系为(50μL):模板DNA 0.1ng-1ng,2×Phanta Max Buffer25μL,dNTPs(各10mM)1μL,突变引物上游和下游各1μL,Phanta Max Super-Fidelity DNA Polymerase1U,其余ddH2O补充至总体积。
PCR反应参数:(1)95℃预变性30s;(2)95℃变性30s;(3)65℃退火30s;(4)72℃延伸6min,步骤(2)-(4)循环30次;(5)72℃彻底延伸7min,16℃保存。
PCR产物经过0.9%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析为阳性后,取PCR反应液20μL,加入1μL内切酶Dpn I于37℃酶切3h去除模板质粒DNA,65℃灭活10min。热击转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,复苏后涂布于含卡那霉素的LB平板上培养过夜,每个平板均获得约300个克隆的突变体库。
随后挑取4-5个克隆子至LB培养基,37℃培养8h后取菌液测序,以获得腈水解重组工程菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET28b-BaNITmut/V82L,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示。
实施例2:含有腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌的构建
为了构建腈水解酶双突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S,设计相对应的引物,引物序列见表1。
以实施例1构建的重组质粒pET28b-BaNITmut/V82L为模板,构建方法参照实施例1,获得重组工程菌E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET28b-BaNITmut/V82L/C237S,其氨基酸序列如SEQID NO.6所示,核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。
实施例3:含腈水解酶突变体的重组大肠杆菌的诱导表达
将亲本腈水解酶BaNITmut以及实施例1和2获得的突变体BaNITmut/V82L、BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌接种至含50μg/mL卡那霉素的LB液体培养基中,37℃培养过夜,再以2%接种量(v/v)接种到含50μg/mL卡那霉素LB培养基中,37℃,150rpm培养至菌体浓度OD600=0.6左右,加入终浓度为0.1mM的IPTG,28℃诱导培养12h后,4℃、12000rpm离心10min收集菌体,湿菌体用0.85%的生理盐水清洗,-20℃保藏备用(即为静息细胞,用于水解反应)。
实施例4:含腈水解酶突变体的重组大肠杆菌活力和立体选择性的测定
以实施例3制备的含有腈水解酶BaNITmut、BaNITmut/V82L和BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌为催化剂,进行异丁基丁二腈的水解反应。
反应体系如下:20mL的Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mM,pH 8.0),2g IBSN,重组大肠杆菌湿菌体0.1g。
催化反应于30℃反应12h至平衡,期间定时取样200μL,加入200μL2M HCl终止反应并用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,取上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥后,采用气相色谱测定底物的转化率和产物的对映体过量值(ee)。
底物IBSN和产物CMHA的对映体过量值由气相色谱测定。气相色谱型号为7890N(安捷伦),毛细管柱型号为BGB-174(BGB Analytik Switzerland)。色谱条件为:进样量1.0μL,进样口、检测器温度均为250℃,柱温120℃保持15min,10℃/min升温至170℃,保持9min。载气为高纯氦气,流速为1.0mL/min,分流比为50:1。
对映体过量值(ee)、转化率(c)的计算参考Rakels等的计算方法(EnzymeMicrob.Technol.,1993,15:1051-1056)。
测定结果见表2,腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L催化活力为亲本的165%,E值>500;而双突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S催化活力为亲本的272%,E值>500。
表2:腈水解酶活力及立体选择性对比
实施例5:腈水解酶重组大肠杆菌副产物含量的测定
对实施例3中获得的重组大肠杆菌进行副产物酰胺含量的测定,反应体系如下:20mL的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液(50mM,pH 8.0),IBSN 2g,湿菌体0.1g。反应液于30℃反应24h至平衡。取样500μL,HPLC分析副产物酰胺的浓度。
高效液相型号为岛津LC-16,手性毛细管柱型号为J&C-18Column(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),检测条件为:流动相(0.58g/L磷酸氢二铵,1.83g/L高氯酸钠,溶解水后高氯酸调节pH至1.8):乙腈=76:24(v/v),流速为1mL/min,紫外检测波长215nm,柱温40℃。
各腈水解酶突变体副产物酰胺含量(酰胺/酰胺+酸)测定结果见表3,突变体BaNITmut/V82L所产生的副产物含量较亲本略微减少,为4.95%,而双突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的副产物含量进一步减少至2.28%。
表3.腈水解酶菌株酰胺含量对比
菌株 | 氨基酸序列号 | 酰胺含量(%) |
BaNITmut | SEQ ID NO.2 | 6.2 |
BaNITmut/V82L | SEQ ID NO.4 | 4.95 |
BaNITmut/V82L/C237S | SEQ ID NO.6 | 2.28 |
实施例6:腈水解酶重组大肠杆菌催化IBSN合成(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸
以实施例3制备的含有腈水解酶BaNITmut、BaNITmut/V82L和BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌为催化剂,催化100g/L IBSN,反应条件为:20mL的Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mM,pH 8.0),2g IBSN,重组大肠杆菌湿菌体0.1g,30℃。反应期间定时取样样进行气相检测其转化率及产物ee值,气相检测方法如实施例4所示。
如图1所示,反应12h,亲本催化100g/L IBSN的最终转化率为46.10%,产物ee值大于99%;腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L催化反应12h,转化率为46.50%,产物ee值大于99%;腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S催化反应8h,转化率为46.70%,产物ee值大于99%。
终止上述反应,离心除去大肠杆菌细胞,反应液减压蒸馏至1/3体积。加入2倍体积(减压蒸馏后样品)的乙酸乙酯进行萃取,收集下层水相。用2M HCl调节下层水相收集液pH至4.0。再次加入2体积的乙酸乙酯萃取,弃下层水相。收集上层有机相并进行旋转蒸发除去乙酸乙酯,得到(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸(ee>99%)。
实施例7:腈水解酶重组大肠杆菌催化不同浓度IBSN
以实施例3制备的含有腈水解酶BaNITmut/V82L和BaNITmut/V82L/C237S的重组大肠杆菌为催化剂,分别催化不同浓度的IBSN(100-200g),反应条件为:20mL的Tris-HCl缓冲液(50mM,pH 8.0),不同浓度的IBSN,重组大肠杆菌湿菌体0.1g,30℃。反应期间定时取样样进行气相检测,气相检测方法如实施例4所示。
BaNITmut/V82L突变体催化的反应如图2所示,腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L能够催化高浓度IBSN,最适底物浓度为150g/L,转化率大于45%,产物eep大于99%。
如图3所示,腈水解酶突变体BaNITmut/V82L/C237S具有更高效的催化活力,最适底物浓度为175g/L,转化率大于45%,产物eep大于99%。
上述结果表明,本发明所述的腈水解酶突变体在合成(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸的工业生产中具有良好的应用价值。
本发明不受上述具体文字描述的限制,本发明可在权利要求书所概括的范围内做各种改变,这些改变均在本发明的范围之内。
序列表
<110> 浙江工业大学
<120> 一种催化活力和反应专一性提高的腈水解酶突变体及应用
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Claims (9)
1.一种腈水解酶突变体,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4或SEQ ID NO.6所示。
2.一种编码如权利要求1所述的腈水解酶突变体的编码基因,其特征在于,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3或SEQ ID NO.5所示。
3.一种包含如权利要求2所述的编码基因的重组载体。
4.一种包含如权利要求3所述的重组载体的重组基因工程菌。
5.如权利要求1所述的腈水解酶突变体在催化外消旋异丁基丁二腈制备(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸中的应用。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,包括:以含有腈水解酶突变体编码基因的工程菌经发酵培养后离心获得的菌体、菌体固定化细胞、菌体超声破碎后提取的酶或者固定化酶为催化剂,以外消旋异丁基丁二腈为底物,以pH为5~10的缓冲液为反应介质,在20~55℃、200~400r/min条件下水浴反应,反应结束后,将反应液分离纯化,获得(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸。
7.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,反应体系中,底物浓度为100~200g/L,催化剂的用量以湿菌体重量计为5g/L,其中湿菌体含水质量为70~90%。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,反应体系中,底物浓度为150~175g/L。
9.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述反应介质为pH值为8.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液,催化反应温度为30℃。
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