CN112352624A

CN112352624A - Production and use method of special strain for agaric fungus bag

Info

Publication number: CN112352624A
Application number: CN202010510086.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘永昶; 刘伯轩; 倪长鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-05
Filing date: 2020-06-05
Publication date: 2021-02-12

Abstract

The invention relates to a production and use method of a special strain for an agaric fungus bag. Wherein the special strain is prepared by adding water into the matrix particles with fixed shapes and the culture medium, stirring the mixture to the water content of 60-65%, sterilizing, inoculating the strain of the edible fungi, and culturing in a ventilation way at the temperature of 25-30 ℃. The bacteria bag for positioning inoculation of the special bacteria is to position and inoculate the special bacteria in the holes in the bacteria bag mechanically or manually under aseptic condition, and the distance from the special bacteria to the bottom of the middle hole is about 3/4 of the depth of the middle hole. The special strain and the strain bag provided by the invention can be conveniently packaged and operated, the strain burned due to the temperature rise in the strain bag is greatly reduced, and the edible fungus culture efficiency is improved.

Description

Production and use method of special strain for agaric fungus bag

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to a special strain and a fungus bag inoculated with the special strain in a positioning manner. The invention solves the problems in the production and use of strains taking sawdust, grains and liquid as matrixes.

Background

The edible fungi are large fungi which can be eaten by human beings, are organic, nutritional and health-care green foods, and are popular with consumers. The most commonly used strains for the cultivation of edible fungi at present are liquid or granular solid (such as sawdust) strains. However, after liquid strains or granular solid strains are placed in the middle holes of the fungus bags, the liquid strains or the granular solid strains fall into the bottom of the middle holes under the action of gravity, and the ventilation channels of the middle holes are often blocked, so that fresh air outside cannot enter the fungus bags in the growth process of the fungus bags, carbon dioxide generated inside the fungus bags cannot be discharged, oxygen supply in matrixes is insufficient during fungus cultivation, the fungus bodies are easily damaged or die due to over-temperature, and the production of edible fungi is greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention firstly provides a special strain for cultivating edible fungi, which is prepared by adding water into matrix particles with fixed shapes and a culture medium together, stirring the mixture until the water content is 60-65%, inoculating the strain of the edible fungi after sterilization, and culturing the strain in a ventilation way at the temperature of 25-30 ℃.

Wherein the shape of the matrix particles is selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, funnel-shaped, cubic, cuboid, or regular hexagonal prism.

The shape of the matrix particles may also be other derivative shapes based on the above-mentioned basic shape or shapes having surface grooves or the like.

Wherein said substrate particles are cut from wood; or is prepared by mixing and compressing sawdust and/or straw.

The invention also provides a bottled seed or bagged seed, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) preparing matrix particles: mechanically cutting wood into particles of said shape, or mechanically mixing sawdust and/or straw material to compress into particles of said shape;

2) taking the raw materials of a culture medium according to the following mixture ratio: 85-90% of sawdust, 6-13% of wheat bran, 0.5-1% of quicklime and 0.5-1.5% of gypsum powder;

3) soaking and stirring: soaking or steaming the matrix granules in a container until no hard core exists, mixing with the culture medium raw material which is uniformly mixed, adding water, and stirring until the water content of the culture medium raw material reaches 60-65%;

4) bottling or bagging: mechanically or manually bottling or bagging the matrix particles and the culture medium raw materials, wherein the filling is to be solid and prevents hollowness;

5) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the bottled seeds or bagged seeds for 90 minutes at the temperature of 121-;

6) inoculation: after cooling, the edible fungus strains are inoculated mechanically or manually under the aseptic condition;

7) culturing: feeding into a culture room for culturing bacteria at 25-30 deg.C;

8) boxing and storing: after the culture is finished, the culture medium is put into a wrapper with ventilation function and stored under the conditions of darkness, temperature of 1-5 ℃ and relative air humidity of 50-60%.

The water added in step 3) of the above process is preferably water that has previously soaked or cooked the substrate particles.

The bottled seeds or bagged seeds are convenient to operate and can keep the activity of the strains for a longer time for storage, transportation and sale.

The invention further provides a fungus bag, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) bagging the culture materials mechanically or manually, wherein the bag height is 20-25 cm; the diameter of the bag is 10-12 cm;

2) mechanically or manually punching a middle hole in the middle of the culture material, wherein the aperture is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the special strain matrix particles and is 3-5 cm deep to the bottom end of the bag;

3) sterilizing under high pressure or normal pressure;

4) under the aseptic condition, the special strains or the special strains taken out of the bottled seeds or the bagged seeds are positioned and inoculated in the mesopores mechanically or manually, and the distance from the special strains to the bottom of the mesopores is about 3/4 of the depth of the mesopores;

5) and (5) cultivating bacteria.

In the method, the special strain is placed for 2-3 days at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ before positioning inoculation.

The edible fungi can be various conventionally known edible fungi, and preferably black fungus.

The invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:

1) the strain matrix is changed into a firm and non-deformable matrix, so that the packaging and the operation are convenient, the strain is directly protected, and the defects of the traditional solid and liquid strains are overcome;

2) according to the aperture size and the access position, the tissue shape and the size of the special strain are determined, so that the shape, the hardness and the hardness of the special strain are consistent, and the standardized operation is facilitated;

3) the depth and the diameter of the middle hole of the fungus bag are determined, so that the fungus bag can be accurately butted with a special strain, and the smoothness of the middle hole air can be ensured;

4) the special strain is determined to be 3/4 from bottom to top in the middle hole, and the special strain germinates to form a barrier function after inoculation and can ensure that the lower part has space.

As described above, the invention can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the middle hole is completely blocked by the inoculated strains in the prior art and the ventilation channel is blocked, so that the fresh air outside can enter the fungus bag through the middle hole, the carbon dioxide generated in the fungus bag can also be emitted through the middle hole, and simultaneously, the invention can provide strains and fungus bag products which are easier to package and sell, thereby being beneficial to industrialization.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are included merely for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Examples 1 to 3: the preparation of special strains, bagged strains and fungus bags comprises the following steps:

the strains, bagged-culture and fungal bags of examples 1-3, as well as the solid strains and liquid strains of comparative examples 1-2 were prepared in the manner shown in the following table and by the methods given in the present invention.

Experimental example 1: culturing black fungus:

preparing a fungus bag according to a traditional method, punching a middle hole in the middle, wherein the aperture is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the special strain matrix particles,

1) the special seed strain of example 1 was inoculated in a fixed position in the mesopores, the distance from the seed strain to the bottom of the mesopores being about 3/4 of the depth of the mesopores as experimental example 1;

2) taking out the special strain in the bagged bacteria in the example 2, positioning and inoculating the strain in the mesopore, wherein the distance from the strain to the bottom of the mesopore is about 3/4 of the depth of the mesopore, and taking the strain as the experimental example 2;

3) the fungus bag in example 3 was used as experimental example 3;

4) sawdust seed and liquid seed were added to the mesopores as comparative examples 1-2.

The experimental examples and the control examples are cultured in the same environment suitable for the growth of black fungus, and the experimental results are shown in the following table (each example has a plurality of parallel experiments, and the following results are average values):

name (R)	Success rate of cultivation	Rate of mixed bacteria	Average incubation time
				Experimental example 1	100%	0	28 days
Experimental example 2	100%	0	29 days
				Experimental example 3	100%	0	28 days
Comparative example 1	97%	3%	35 days
				Comparative example 2	98%	2%	31 days

From the experimental results, the production of the black fungus by using the special strain of the invention has the advantages of improved culture success rate, no mixed bacteria infection and shortened culture period.

Experimental example 2: temperature of mycelia in the fungal bag:

the bags of the completed cultures of Experimental example 1 were left for seven days, the ambient temperature was recorded and the temperature of the mycelium in the bags was measured and the results are given in the following table: (there were multiple replicates in each case, the following results are averaged):

experiment number	Ambient temperature	Temperature of mycelium in mushroom bag
			Experimental example 1	10℃	15℃
Experimental example 2	10℃	16℃
			Experimental example 3	10℃	15℃
Comparative example 1	10℃	38℃
			Comparative example 2	10℃	41℃

As can be seen from the above experimental results, in comparative examples 1 and 2, the sawdust culture and the liquid culture blocked the respiratory passages of the central hole, resulting in severe over-temperature in the fungus bag, and if the fungus bag is placed for another week, hyphae die due to over-temperature. In the experimental examples 1-3, the fungus bags inoculated by the special fungus seed blocks in a positioning mode are used, the middle holes can be ventilated, the temperature rise of the fungus bodies is limited, and hyphae are not damaged.

While the invention has been described with reference to various aspects thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A special strain for cultivating edible fungi is characterized in that: it is prepared by mixing matrix granules with fixed shape with culture medium raw materials, adding water, stirring to water content of 60-65%, sterilizing, inoculating edible fungus strain, and culturing at 25-30 deg.C under ventilation.

2. The specialty strain of claim 1, wherein: the matrix particles are selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, funnel-shaped, cubic, cuboid, regular hexagonal prism or other derivative shapes based on the above basic shapes or shapes with surface grooves.

3. The specialty strain of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the substrate particles are made by cutting wood; or is prepared by mixing and compressing sawdust and/or straw.

4. A specific bacterial species according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the edible fungus is black fungus.

5. A bottled seed or a bagged seed, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

3) preparing special strains: soaking or steaming the matrix granules in a container until no hard core exists, mixing with the culture medium raw material which is uniformly mixed, adding water, and stirring until the water content of the culture medium raw material reaches 60-65%;

4) bottling or bagging: mechanically or manually bottling or bagging the matrix particles and the culture medium raw materials;

6. A bottle seed or bag seed as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the water added in step 3) is the water that had previously soaked or cooked the substrate particles.

7. A bottle seed or bag seed as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 6 wherein: the edible fungus is black fungus.

8. A fungus bag is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

3) sterilizing under high pressure or normal pressure;

4) mechanically or manually inoculating, under aseptic conditions, the specific spawn as defined in claims 1 to 4 or the specific spawn in a bottled or bagged form as defined in claims 5 to 7 in a localized manner in the mesopores, the distance from the specific spawn to the bottom of the mesopores being about 3/4 of the depth of the mesopores;

5) and (5) cultivating bacteria.

9. The fungal package of claim 9, wherein: before the special strain is positioned and inoculated, the special strain is placed for 2 to 3 days at the temperature of between 20 and 30 ℃.