CN112335370A

CN112335370A - Simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method

Info

Publication number: CN112335370A
Application number: CN202011238378.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周鹏程
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2020-11-09
Publication date: 2021-02-09

Abstract

The invention provides a simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method for the centralized seedling raising of early rice by grain farmers. The method comprises the following steps: placing the soaked and disinfected seeds in a container with a ventilating and draining function; placing a heat source indoors, and controlling the indoor temperature to be 35-38 ℃; placing a container containing seeds around a heat source, placing a barrier layer between the heat source and the container, and maintaining a temperature within the container that does not exceed 40 degrees celsius; and turning over the container or adjusting the position of the container according to a preset mode at preset time intervals, and extinguishing the heat source until the seed form reaches a preset planting standard.

Description

Simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method.

Background

The low temperature early rice and middle rice in 3-4 months need to be germinated before planting. The traditional germination accelerating method is to prepare a corresponding number of cookers according to the seed soaking number so as to ensure that sufficient water source with sufficient temperature is preheated, a 'two-open one-cool' method of a big jar can be adopted, or a basket is used for being preheated in a rice pot, the temperature is controlled within 55 ℃, and the time reaches 3-4 minutes. Quickly stacking after preheating, wherein the stacking bed is required to be bottomed by dry straws with the thickness of 25-30 cm, and a layer of drained fiber cloth is paved on the bottom. Quickly covering after stacking, wherein the inner layer of the covering is made of fiber cloth, and dry straws and a heavy object are covered outside the covering to preserve heat. The grain heap is based on the principle of 'proper width and proper height' and 'proper low and proper height', and the heap width is 2-3 m generally, and the heap height is not more than one ruler. The germination accelerating method needs a large field and special germination accelerating equipment, and is inconvenient to implement.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method, which is used for realizing seed germination accelerating by using simpler equipment and a ready-made field.

The embodiment of the invention provides a simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method, which comprises the following steps:

placing the soaked and disinfected seeds in a container with a ventilating and draining function;

placing a heat source indoors, and controlling the indoor temperature to be 35-38 ℃;

placing a container containing seeds around a heat source, placing a barrier layer between the heat source and the container, and maintaining a temperature within the container that does not exceed 40 degrees celsius;

and turning over the container or adjusting the position of the container at preset time intervals, and extinguishing the heat source until the seed form reaches a preset planting standard.

In one embodiment, the container is a breathable and waterlogged woven bag or sack;

the barrier layer is a wooden door panel or cabinet door.

In one embodiment, the heat source is a smokeless fire.

In one embodiment, said seeds are prohibited from contacting water during said turning over or adjusting the position of said container at preset intervals.

In one embodiment, the preset time is 4 to 6 hours.

In one embodiment, when the container is a woven bag, the turning the container or adjusting the position of the container at preset time intervals includes:

turning the woven bag up and down every 5 hours, and moving the position of the woven bag.

In one embodiment, the preset planting standard is that the roots of the seeds are uniform and strong.

In one embodiment, until the seed morphology reaches a preset planting standard, after extinguishing the heat source, the seeds are removed from the container and planted after being allowed to stand flat at room temperature for 1 day (0.5 to 2), wherein the seeds are prohibited from contacting water during the flat standing.

In one embodiment, the seeds are early rice seeds, medium rice seeds that are germinated at low temperature for 3-4 months.

In one embodiment, when the seed root bud reaches the target, the barrier layer placed between the heat source and the container is removed.

The simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method provided by the embodiment of the invention can complete seed germination accelerating by using simple equipment and a ready-made field, does not need excessive human intervention in the whole process, and has good germination accelerating effect as proved by experiments, thereby meeting the requirement of centralized seedling raising of large and small grain farmers.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simple, safe and efficient method for accelerating germination of seeds in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

The embodiment of the invention provides a simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method, which is suitable for accelerating germination of early rice seeds and middle rice seeds, and is particularly suitable for early rice seeds; as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:

placing a heat source in a room (such as an existing room, a greenhouse and the like), and controlling the temperature in the room to be 35-38 ℃;

placing the container with the seeds around a heat source, placing a barrier layer between the heat source and the container (which can prevent heat of the heat source from directly radiating on the seeds and influencing the germination process of the seeds), and keeping the temperature in the container not to exceed 40 ℃;

turning over the container or adjusting the position of the container at preset time intervals, and extinguishing the heat source until the seed form reaches a preset planting standard.

Wherein, every preset time, the position of turning over the container or adjusting the container is in order to balance the temperature, humidity and air permeability of each container, promote the seed root to be neat and strong.

Preferably, the container is a woven bag or a gunny bag which is air-permeable and water-draining.

Preferably, the barrier layer is a heat-resistant wood board or the like.

Preferably, the heat source may be a smokeless stove, an electric stove, or the like.

Preferably, in the process of turning over the container or adjusting the position of the container at preset intervals, the seeds are prohibited from contacting water, and the germination accelerating effect can be ensured. The preset time may be 4 to 6 hours.

Preferably, when the container is a woven bag or a gunny bag which is air-permeable and capable of draining water, the container is turned or the position of the container is adjusted at preset intervals, and the method comprises the following steps: turning the woven bag or the gunny bag upside down every 5 hours, and changing the storage position. The purpose of doing so is in order to balance temperature, humidity above and below the braided bag, do benefit to the vernalization.

Preferably, the preset planting standard is that the seed roots are uniform and strong, the whole process of germination acceleration is completed, and then the field sowing can be started.

Preferably, until the seed form reaches the preset planting standard, after the heat source is extinguished, the seeds are taken out from the container, are spread and 'sprout-making' at room temperature, are kept still for 1 day and then are sowed, wherein the seeds are forbidden to contact water during the spreading and standing process, thus being beneficial to the adaptation of the sprout to the natural growth climate environment.

Preferably, when the roots of the seeds bud uniformly and strongly, the barrier layer arranged between the heat source and the container is removed, and the temperature is adjusted at any time to be beneficial to accelerating germination and reaching the standard, so that the barrier layer arranged between the heat source and the container is beneficial to balancing the temperature, and the uniform roots bud uniformly is ensured.

The above method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described as an embodiment below:

example 1: accelerating germination of early rice seeds

First, preparation of germination accelerating greenhouse

A farmer 'fire furnace' room is used as a greenhouse, and the furnace is arranged on one side of the room close to a wall. Three heat-shielding plates, for example old wooden plates, are prepared, facing the three side walls, and the plates are placed in front of the oven, in order to produce the desired temperature in the chamber, without directly radiating heat onto the seeds. The amount of soaked early rice seeds (50-2500 kg) is estimated, 10 cm of straws are padded at the positions where the seeds are stacked, and the seeds are ignited to grow after being put into a room for sorting.

Second, scientifically stack the seeds

1. Bagging the seeds: the soaked and sterilized early rice seeds are directly bagged by air-permeable and water-draining clean woven bags, each bag is preferably about 30 jin, and the openings of the bags are loosely sealed by ropes.

2. Putting seeds into a greenhouse: the seed bags are stacked layer by layer under the opposite wall of the furnace and under the two side walls, and placed against the walls (four walls in a room, wherein the furnace occupies one wall), and each wall is preferably provided with two rows of seed bags, and the height of each wall is preferably not more than the head of an operator. The upper layer of the seed bag and the surface facing the furnace are slightly shielded by 'woven stripe cloth' to prevent the furnace from directly radiating the surface layer of the seed bag and also keep the humidity of the bagged seeds. When the root buds of the seeds reach the standard, the 'woven strip cloth' is scattered and the baking furnace is extinguished. A wall is left empty in the greenhouse to be used as a preset time to adjust the temperature and the humidity of the bagged seeds for standby.

Thirdly, controlling room temperature for accelerating germination

After the furnace is ignited, a thermometer is hung indoors, and the temperature is controlled to be 35-38 ℃; meanwhile, the temperature in the seed bag is checked in a sampling mode, and the temperature in the seed bag is guaranteed not to exceed 40 ℃.

Fourthly, the temperature and humidity are evenly adjusted

In the greenhouse, the upper layer and the lower layer of the seed bag are exchanged and the upper surface and the lower surface of each seed bag are turned over once every five hours or so.

The method comprises the following specific operations: the seed bags stacked under one wall are moved to the reserved wall side from the upper layer to the lower layer in sequence, each bag is turned and stacked, and the seed bags are moved and stacked in sequence according to the sequence.

Bud refining outside greenhouse

The seeds for mechanical transplanting, mechanical throwing and manual throwing seedling raising only need to be sprayed by a seed nozzle. When the seeds in the greenhouse reach the standard, the furnace is flamed out, the bag is untied, the seeds are thinly spread by 5 cm outside to smelt the buds at the indoor normal temperature, and water does not need to be sprayed to the buds in the period. And (5) hardening buds for one day, and directly sowing the buds.

In example 1, the data relating seed morphology to environment is as follows:

accelerating germination process	Indoor temperature	Temperature inside the woven bag	Humidity in woven bag	Seed morphology
					High-temperature chest-breaking	36-39℃	35-38℃	85％-95％	Breast-breaking and whitening
Germination accelerating at moderate temperature	26-28℃	25-26℃	75％-85％	Root, bud and root of strong
					Normal temperature bud smelting	Outdoor air temperature	Outdoor air temperature	Humidity of outdoor air	Root, bud and root of strong

By adopting the traditional germination accelerating method, the germination can be accelerated only when the water absorption of the seeds is about 30 percent of the weight of dry seeds, and proper temperature, humidity and sufficient oxygen are needed. Optimum temperature

The maximum temperature is 40 ℃, roots or buds die after the temperature exceeds 42 ℃ for a long time, and the seeds need to be turned and mixed for increasing oxygen in the whole germination accelerating process.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A simple, safe and efficient seed germination accelerating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1,

the container is a woven bag or a gunny bag;

the barrier layer is old wooden door panel and cabinet door.

3. The method of claim 1,

the heat source is a smokeless furnace.

4. The method of claim 1,

and prohibiting the seeds from contacting water during the process of overturning the container or adjusting the position of the container at preset intervals.

5. The method of claim 1,

the preset time is 4 to 6 hours.

6. The method of claim 1,

when the container is the braided bag, every preset time, upset the container or adjust the position of container includes:

7. The method of claim 1,

the preset planting standard is that the roots of the seeds are uniform and strong.

8. The method of claim 1,

until the seed morphology reaches the preset planting standard, extinguishing the heat source, taking out the seeds from the container, flatly spreading the 'hardened buds' at room temperature, standing for 1 day, and then planting, wherein the seeds are prohibited from contacting water in the process of flatly spreading and standing.

9. The method of claim 1,

the seeds are early rice seeds and middle rice seeds which are subjected to low-temperature germination acceleration for 3-4 months.

10. The method of claim 1,

when the root buds of the seeds meet the standard, removing the barrier layer arranged between the heat source and the container.