CN112316219B - 一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备与应用 - Google Patents
一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防粘连水凝胶‑蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备与应用,所述复合膜按如下方法制备:将丝素纤维网浸入水凝胶前驱液中,在室温下密闭热聚合15‑30小时,得到防粘连水凝胶‑蚕丝复合膜;所述水凝胶前驱液组成:100‑150g/L丙烯酰胺,0.01‑0.1g/L N,N’‑亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,1‑4g/L CaCl2,10‑20g/L海藻酸钠,10‑40μL/mL质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和1‑5μL/mL四甲基乙二胺,溶剂为去离子水。本发明防粘连水凝胶‑蚕丝支架复合膜制备工艺简单,利于大量生产,且无生物毒性,兼顾防细胞粘附与优良机械力学性能;拥有良好的生物相容性,具有巨大的应用前景。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备与应用。
(二)背景技术
睑球粘连是复发性翼状胬肉、结膜溃疡性疾病及外伤,尤其是化学烧伤或热烧伤常见的并发症和后遗症,粘连形成局限或广泛的结膜瘢痕,严重影响眼球的运动,眼表功能和外观。手术是主要的治疗手段。单纯的睑球粘连分离及眼睑成形术对烧伤后广泛睑球粘连效果不佳,而且术后复发率较高。目前临床上主要采用组织补片进行结膜囊的再造成形和预防睑球粘连形成。根据材料的化学成分和生物学特征,可将组织植片分为生物植片和非生物植片。
目前临床上多采用生物植片如自体黏膜、异体球结膜和羊膜等进行结膜囊的再造成形。自体材料来源有限、方法痛苦,手术时间较长,粘膜脆弱,在操作中易撕折。并且术后容易发生植片感染及挛缩,而异体结膜易发生免疫排斥反应,临床难以推广。
目前非生物植片多是人工合成的高分子材料,其中,PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)已被广泛应用到临床,用于上睑下垂矫正术、泪道阻塞再通、人工角膜材料及眼表面重建手术和人工血管以及各种植入物的涂层等多个领域。但此类植片存在不可吸收和终生不降解的特征,可能会引起严重的近期排异反应和远期的侵蚀反应。据相关文献报道其移植于眼球后异物感与不适感强烈,且不适用于较重的广泛性睑球粘连。
水凝胶材料是一种含水量高,生物相容性良好的高分子材料,具有良好的生物应用潜力。研究表明,部分水凝胶由于表面与水具有强结合力,能够减少细胞表面与水凝胶的相互作用力,从而有效地防止细胞在其表面的粘附。因此,水凝胶具有成为防粘附植片的潜质。但与此同时,未经特殊设计的水凝胶材料通常力学性能较差,无法承受手术过程中产生的撕扯和穿刺,限制了其实际应用的可能。
因此,本发明的出发点是设计合适的水凝胶体系,并寻找一种对水凝胶的力学性能改良方法,制作一种能同时具备平整结构,材料柔软,厚度小于0.1mm,且有良好力学性能和生物相容性的用于结膜修补或加强的预防睑球粘连形成的一种眼科医用移植片。
蚕丝是强度最好的天然纤维之一,由70~80%的丝素蛋白和20~30%的丝胶蛋白组成。丝素蛋白的氨基酸序列主要由“甘氨酸-丙氨酸-甘氨酸-丙氨酸-甘氨酸-丝氨酸”(GAGAGS)的重复单元构成,其中甘氨酸、丙氨酸和丝氨酸占总氨基酸含量的85%以上。该重复序列绝大多数位于丝素蛋白的结晶区,并自组装成反向平行折叠链构象(anti-parallelβ-sheet)结构。这些结构赋予丝素蛋白具有良好力学和缓慢降解速率的特性。而羊膜组织是由胶原纤维和多种羊膜细胞构成,这类结构可以提供非常良好的机械力学性能。
针对上述问题,本发明拟将蚕丝与水凝胶复合,期望通过最简单和最经济的工艺,获得一种生物相容性与力学性能好的眼科防粘连移植复合膜。
(三)发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种生物相容性与力学性能好的防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备方法与应用,制备工艺简单,利于大量生产,且没有生物毒性,其提供的防细胞粘附性能可以有效防止睑球粘连的形成;双网络水凝胶与蚕丝纤维复合后可提供良好的力学性能,足以支撑其在眼科手术过程中所承受的撕扯力量。该复合膜有望取代羊膜等生物移植片以及PTFE等非生物移植片,应用推广于眼科睑球粘连的预防与手术治疗,具有巨大的应用前景。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
本发明提供一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜,所述复合膜按如下方法制备:将丝素纤维网浸入水凝胶前驱液中,在室温(25℃)下密闭热聚合15-30小时(优选24小时),得到防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜;所述水凝胶前驱液组成:100-150g/L丙烯酰胺,0.01-0.1g/LN,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,1-4g/L CaCl2,10-20g/L海藻酸钠,10-40μL/mL质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和1-5μL/mL四甲基乙二胺,溶剂为去离子水。
进一步,优选所述水凝胶前驱液组成:124.4g/L丙烯酰胺,0.06g/L N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,2g/L CaCl2,15.6g/L海藻酸钠,20μL/mL质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和2μL/mL四甲基乙二胺,溶剂为去离子水。
进一步,所述丝素纤维网按如下方法制备:将天然蚕丝用质量浓度0.5%碳酸钠水溶液煮沸2次,每次30分钟,得到脱胶的丝素纤维;再将脱胶的丝素纤维织成丝素纤维网。优选,将脱胶的丝素纤维200根逆时针粘成一小束,利用纬编针织成2cm*2cm*0.1μm,孔隙率为60%的蚕丝网。
进一步,所述水凝胶前驱液按如下方法配置:
按配方量,将丙烯酰胺,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,CaCl2,溶解于去离子水中;再加入海藻酸钠,磁力搅拌24小时后,加入质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和四甲基乙二胺,组成此配比的热引发体系,磁力搅拌5分钟,获得水凝胶前驱液。
进一步,所述防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜采用模具制备,具体为:
在玻璃片(优选尺寸5cm*5cm*1mm)上放置硅橡胶垫圈(优选0.1mm厚,内径3cm*3cm*0.1mm)形成模具,再将丝素纤维网置于垫圈中,加入水凝胶前驱液,铺满垫圈,盖上另一片玻璃片(优选尺寸5cm*5cm*1mm),室温下密闭热聚合24小时;去除模具,得到防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜。
本发明还提供一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜在制备预防或治疗睑球粘连移植片中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益效果主要体现在:
本发明提供一种生物相容性与力学性能好的防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜及其制备方法和应用,制备工艺简单,利于大量生产,且无生物毒性;该复合膜包含多重网络,兼顾防细胞粘附与优良机械力学性能;该复合膜以海藻酸钠-丙烯酰胺为水凝胶组分,提供优良的防细胞粘附性能,并且无细胞生物毒性;该复合膜以蚕丝蛋白为支架原料,现有的研究表明丝素蛋白及其降解产物(氨基酸)拥有良好的生物相容性;该复合膜有望取代羊膜等生物移植片以及PTFE等非生物移植片,应用推广于眼科睑球粘连的预防与手术治疗,具有巨大的应用前景。
(四)附图说明
图1蚕丝网络制备结构示意图。
图2复合膜制作过程示意图,1为普通玻璃片(尺寸5cm*5cm*1mm),2为硅橡胶垫圈(内径3cm*3cm*0.1mm),3为蚕丝网络,4为水凝胶前驱液,5为复合水凝胶蚕丝网络(海藻酸钠-丙烯酰胺双网络凝胶)。
图3防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜角膜上皮细胞培养粘附细胞荧光染色图,A为普通培养板组,B为单纯水凝胶组,C为复合膜组。
图4防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜表面粗糙度检测图,表面高度差异小于10纳米。
图5防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜与羊膜组织的力学性能拉伸曲线图,A为拉伸试验图,B为力学曲线图。
图6角膜上皮细胞在防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜浸泡培养液中增殖毒性测试,分别为对照组与复合膜组。
图7防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜用于兔眼角膜碱烧伤后睑球粘连的预防与治疗效果图,A为对照组,B为复合膜移植组,C为羊膜移植组。
(五)具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1、防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜的制作
1、蚕丝网络的组成与制作
天然蚕丝(Bombyx Mori silk,购于杭州丝绸市场)用质量浓度0.5%碳酸钠水溶液煮沸2次,每次30分钟,得到脱胶的丝素纤维。将脱胶的丝素纤维200根逆时针念成一小束,利用纬编针织成2cm*2cm*0.1μm,孔隙率为60%的蚕丝网。
参考文献:李跃中,杨亚冬,唐靓,张文元.针织蚕丝网力学与生物相容性及皮下埋植实验[J].中国医学工程,2019,27(02):1-5.
2、水凝胶前驱液配置
(1)称量0.622g丙烯酰胺,0.0003g N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,0.01g CaCl2,溶解于5mL去离子水中;
(2)向步骤(1)溶液中加入0.078g海藻酸钠,磁力搅拌24小时后,再加入100μL质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和10μL四甲基乙二胺,组成此配比的热引发体系,磁力搅拌5分钟,获得水凝胶前驱液5mL。
3、防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜制作
(1)参照图2,准备两片玻璃片(尺寸5cm*5cm*1mm),将0.1mm厚的硅橡胶垫圈(内径3cm*3cm*0.1mm)置于玻璃片上,组成水凝胶聚合模具;
(2)将2cm*2cm*0.1μm的蚕丝网(0.05g)置于步骤(1)垫圈中;
(3)加入0.1mL水凝胶前驱液,铺满模具;
(4)盖上另一片玻璃片密闭模具,置于室温25℃下热聚合2 4小时;
(5)聚合完成后,去除模具,得到防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜(3cm*3cm*0.1mm),简称复合膜,将复合膜浸泡在去离子中保存。
同样条件下,省去步骤(2)中蚕丝网,制成单纯水凝胶。
实施例2、防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜表征
1、细胞防粘连测试
选取永生化人角膜上皮细胞系(HCECs,购于ATCC上海细胞库,商品编号BFN60803901),进行4’,6二脒基-2-苯吲哚染色(DAPI Staining),检测复合膜的生长贴附情况。因为DAPI可以透过完整的细胞膜,并快速进入活细胞中与DNA结合,所以它可用于活细胞和固定细胞的染色,具体操作如下:
(1)按照3*106个细胞的密度分别接种角膜上皮细胞HCECs到正常细胞培养板(A)、底部铺有实施例1制备的单纯水凝胶的细胞培养板(B)和底部铺有实施例1制备的复合膜的细胞培养板(C),37℃培养24小时。每个细胞培养板中加有含10%胎牛血清的DMEM-F12培养基(Gibco,购于美国赛默飞公司)。
(2)吸除细胞培养基,用无菌PBS溶液洗涤3次,每次5分钟。
(3)加入适量DAPI工作液,覆盖住底部即可,室温下染色10分钟。
(4)吸除DAPI染色液,用PBS溶液洗涤3次,每次5分钟,洗涤完后直接在荧光显微镜下观察,正常的细胞核呈强荧光,细胞质无荧光,细胞发生凋亡时,会看到凋亡细胞的细胞核呈致密浓染,或呈碎块状致密浓染,结果见图3所示。细胞贴壁生长数量正常培养板组(A)>单纯水凝胶组(B)>复合膜组(C),验证了细胞抗黏附能力复合膜组(C)>单纯水凝胶组(B)>正常培养板组(A),复合膜具有最强的细胞抗黏附能力。
2、防粘连复合膜表面粗糙度测试
裁剪实施例1制备的复合膜为1cm*1cm复合膜样品,使用原子力显微镜(型号:Bruker Dimension Icon)进行表面粗糙度分析,结果见图4。结果表明表面高度差异在10nm以内,可以认为是较光滑表面,对眼表内不会造成明显异物感。
3、防粘连复合膜拉伸力学性能测试
裁剪现有眼科羊膜移植材料-生物羊膜(取材于健康剖宫产产妇的胎盘组织)及实施例1制备的防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜至国标哑铃状,利用万能力学试验机(Zwick Z020)进行拉伸性能测试,测试条件:strain rate:5mm/min,传感器100N。结果见图5所示,实验结果表明本发明防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜具有与羊膜同一数量级的杨氏模量及拉伸能力,在产生25%拉伸形变同时可以达到最大模量约1MPa,反映了其具有良好的实际缝合应用可能。
4、角膜上皮细胞在防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜浸泡培养液中增殖毒性测试
通过CyQUANT细胞增殖分析试剂盒(C7026,购于美国赛默飞公司),检测实施例1方法制备的防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜的细胞毒性。将人永生化角膜上皮细胞HCECs,分别以每孔2500、5000、10000、20000个的细胞密度接种到96孔板中,每个细胞密度分别设置实验组和对照组,并在37℃和5%CO 2的标准培养条件下用含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基进行培养。24小时后,将实验组每个孔中的培养基替换为用实施例1制备的防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜室温浸泡24小时的新鲜含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基(室温下浸泡24小时后倒出培养液备用),对照组更换正常的新鲜含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。然后继续培养细胞48小时。之后按照试剂盒操作说明处理细胞,每孔加入CyQUANT检测溶液200μl,室温下避光孵育5分钟后放于全波长酶标仪上并在480nm波长下检测其吸光度,结果见图6。在不同的细胞培养密度下,两组细胞终密度均没有明显的统计学差异,P>0.05,表明复合膜对比正常组没有明显的细胞毒性,安全可靠。
实施例3、防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜用于兔眼角膜碱烧伤后睑球粘连
1)实验分组:将30只体重1.5-2.0kg,年龄约3个月,无眼部疾病的雌性新西兰白兔(由浙江省医学科学院实验动物中心提供)分为三组,分别为:实验对照组(A组,10只),复合膜移植组(B组,10只),羊膜移植组(C组,10只)。
2)兔眼角膜碱烧伤模型:选取左眼为实验眼,通过耳缘静脉注射戊巴比妥钠(30mg/1mL,默克公司,30mg/kg)并局部滴用盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液(日本参天制药株式会社)麻醉兔子。将半圆形滤纸浸于2mol/L的氢氧化钠水溶液1分钟后,置于眼睑上穹隆处睑球结膜之间,烧伤时间60秒。各组烧伤后均用无菌生理盐水冲洗结膜囊5分钟。
3)兔眼角膜碱烧伤后的治疗:A组为经过假手术处理,并未移植植片;B组为将实施例1方法制备的复合膜(10mm x 20mm)移植到烧伤部位,并用间断缝合法固定;C组为将人去上皮羊膜(10mm x 20mm)移植到烧伤部位,并用间断缝合法固定。术后每组都滴用左氧氟沙星滴眼液,每天三次,并观察睑球粘连的发生与发展过程。
4)兔眼睑球粘连情况观察:分别在第1天,第7天,第14天,第21天观察兔眼碱烧伤部位修复情况以及睑球粘连情况,结果见图7,对照组可见明显睑球结膜粘连,疤痕形成,睑缘变形,复合膜组与羊膜组都没有观察到明显的睑球粘连,且愈合良好,这表明复合膜移植有望替代羊膜移植,可以显著预防睑球粘连的形成以及促进眼球碱烧伤后的修复。
Claims (3)
1.一种防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜,其特征在于所述复合膜按如下方法制备:将丝素纤维网浸入水凝胶前驱液中,在室温下密闭热聚合15-30小时,得到防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜;所述水凝胶前驱液组成:100-150g/L丙烯酰胺,0.01-0.1g/L N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,1-4g/L CaCl2,10-20g/L海藻酸钠,10-40μL/mL质量浓度4%过硫酸铵水溶液和1-5μL/mL四甲基乙二胺,溶剂为去离子水;
所述防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜应用于制备预防或治疗睑球粘连移植片;
所述丝素纤维网按如下方法制备:将天然蚕丝用质量浓度0.5%碳酸钠水溶液煮沸2次,每次30分钟,得到脱胶的丝素纤维;再将脱胶的丝素纤维织成丝素纤维网;
所述丝素纤维网是将脱胶的丝素纤维200根逆时针粘成一小束,利用纬编针织成2cm*2cm*0.1μm,孔隙率为60%;
所述防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜按如下方法制备:在玻璃片上放置硅橡胶垫圈形成模具,再将丝素纤维网置于垫圈中,加入水凝胶前驱液,铺满垫圈,盖上另一片玻璃片,室温下密闭热聚合24小时;去除模具,得到防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝复合膜。
2.如权利要求1所述防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜,其特征在于所述水凝胶前驱液组成:124.4g/L丙烯酰胺,0.06g/L N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,2g/L CaCl2,15.6g/L海藻酸钠,20μL/mL质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和2μL/mL四甲基乙二胺,溶剂为去离子水。
3.如权利要求1所述防粘连水凝胶-蚕丝支架复合膜,其特征在于所述水凝胶前驱液按如下方法配置:按配方量,将丙烯酰胺,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,CaCl2,溶解于去离子水中;再加入海藻酸钠,磁力搅拌24小时后,加入质量浓度4wt%过硫酸铵水溶液和四甲基乙二胺,磁力搅拌5分钟,获得水凝胶前驱液。
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